CN110651743A - Living sea water biological purification device for forest crab and shellfish - Google Patents
Living sea water biological purification device for forest crab and shellfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN110651743A CN110651743A CN201910958380.2A CN201910958380A CN110651743A CN 110651743 A CN110651743 A CN 110651743A CN 201910958380 A CN201910958380 A CN 201910958380A CN 110651743 A CN110651743 A CN 110651743A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 240000002044 Rhizophora apiculata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000238097 Callinectes sapidus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000238154 Carcinus maenas Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000277360 Bruguiera gymnorhiza Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000319057 Kalopanax septemlobus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000862501 Kandelia candel Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001672730 Scylla paramamosain Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238095 Scylla serrata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193879 Corbicula fluminea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001262059 Meretrix Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001123258 Meretrix meretrix Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001074093 Echinopsis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000514743 Cyclina sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000322083 Anomalocardia producta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001461610 Clithon oualaniensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193882 Corbicula Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000657689 Geloina coaxans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223115 Limacina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001262060 Meretrix lusoria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001113787 Strychnos Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for biologically purifying symbiotic seawater of forest crabs and shellfish, which mainly comprises a flume, a blue crab box and a mangrove plant pot container. The device can be matched with tropical and subtropical pond culture and industrial culture, and can also be used as a natural ecological simulation device for coastal wetland ecological research. Accordingly, the inventor also establishes a corresponding use method. The device is arranged on the dike at the periphery of the pond, so that the water body space for pond culture can be enlarged to land, the culture effective space is increased, and the landscape of the dike of the pond is beautified; moreover, land space can be fully utilized to provide water purification for the intensive aquaculture pond, and meanwhile, mangrove plant nursery stocks (forests) are cultivated to produce blue crabs (crabs) and shellfish (shellfish) products. In conclusion, the invention couples the marine higher plants, the crabs and the shellfish in a flume to form an ecological system with synchronous biological purification and production and win-win environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture water quality biological purification, and particularly relates to a forest crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device.
Background
Eutrophication of water bodies and outbreak of harmful organisms are important reasons for failure of seawater pond culture. Although special complete equipment for treating aquaculture sewage is available in the market, the equipment is mainly used in industrialized facility aquaculture at present due to the reasons of high price, high energy consumption, time-consuming removal of pollutants and the like, and is difficult to popularize in extensive pond aquaculture in the southeast coast of China. With the continuous upgrade of the national marine environmental protection standard, a mariculture water quality biological purification facility which accords with the basic principle of ecological science and is easy to popularize and apply is urgently to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device for biologically purifying the symbiotic seawater of the crabs and the shellfish of the forest crab, which has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, simple and convenient operation and low energy consumption, can be used for biologically purifying the water quality of the pond culture of coastal seawater, and has environmental benefit and economic benefit at the same time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device mainly comprises a flume, a blue crab box and a mangrove plant pot culture container; the green crab box is a stepped box body consisting of a feeding box and a shielding box, the feeding box is higher than the shielding box, and an opening at one end of the shielding box is communicated with one side plate of the feeding box; the green crab box is arranged in the flowing water tank, and the mangrove plant pot container is arranged on the shelter box; the feeding box is provided with a movable cover plate at the top and small holes are densely distributed on the movable cover plate and the side plates at the periphery.
The launder is equipped with inlet tube and outlet pipe, is equipped with out the water baffle between outlet pipe and the blue crab case.
The bottom of the feeding box is densely distributed with small holes, and the bottom of the feeding box is provided with foot strips.
The mangrove plant pot culture container is an independent water permeable plastic basin, a nutrition bag or a ceramic flowerpot.
The water flowing groove is a rectangular water groove with the length of 4-15m, the width of 100-150mm and the height of 28 mm; the feeding box is cuboid, 300m long, 250mm wide and 280mm high; the shelter box is cuboid, 250mm long, 160mm wide and 130mm high; the height of the water outlet baffle is 20 cm; the diameter of the small hole is 10 mm; the foot strip is 20mm high.
A plurality of blue crab boxes are arranged in the flume side by side along the length direction of the flume, and reinforcing strips are arranged between the front long edge plates and the rear long edge plates of the flume.
The launder, the feeding box, the shelter box and the water outlet baffle are all made of PP plates.
The use method of the crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device comprises the steps of arranging the seawater biological purification device on the periphery of an embankment of a mariculture pond, connecting a water inlet pipe with an aquarium submersible pump to pump the pond water into a water flowing tank to ensure that the water level is over the bottom of a mangrove plant pot culture container, sowing shellfish at the bottom of the water flowing tank, breeding one blue crab in each blue crab box, and planting mangrove plants in the mangrove plant pot culture container.
The shellfish is bivalve and/or single shell, the bivalve is abnormal Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus, Corbicula fluminea, Limeretrix meretrix, and Cyclina sinensis Linnaeus, and the single shell is Olai Spirodelavayi, Paaspia Paradisiaca, and Strychnos rupinus; the blue crab is scylla serrata or scylla paramamosain; the mangrove plant is Kandelia candel, Kalopanax pictus nakai, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza.
Aiming at the problems of water purification in seawater pond culture at present, the inventor designs and manufactures a forest crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device according to the nutrition level and ecological niche principle, which mainly comprises a flume, a blue crab box and a mangrove plant pot container; the green crab box is a stepped box body consisting of a feeding box and a shielding box, the feeding box is higher than the shielding box, and an opening at one end of the shielding box is communicated with one side plate of the feeding box; the green crab box is arranged in the flowing water tank, and the mangrove plant pot container is arranged on the shelter box; the feeding box is provided with a movable cover plate at the top and small holes are densely distributed on the movable cover plate and the side plates at the periphery. The device can be matched with tropical and subtropical pond culture and industrial culture, and can also be used as a natural ecological simulation device for coastal wetland ecological research. Accordingly, the inventor also establishes a corresponding use method. The device is arranged on the dike at the periphery of the pond, so that the water body space for pond culture can be enlarged to land, the culture effective space is increased, and the landscape of the dike of the pond is beautified; moreover, land space can be fully utilized to provide water purification for the intensive aquaculture pond, and meanwhile, mangrove plant nursery stocks (forests) are cultivated to produce blue crabs (crabs) and shellfish (shellfish) products. In conclusion, the invention couples the marine higher plants, the crabs and the shellfish in a flume to form an ecological system with synchronous biological purification and production and win-win environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device (without a mangrove plant pot container) of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blue crab box in the symbiotic seawater biological purification device for the crabs and the shells in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the using state of the symbiotic seawater biological purification device for the crabs and the shellfish to which the invention is applied.
In the figure: the feed box comprises a feeding box 1, a shelter box 2, a water inlet pipe 3, a water flowing groove 4, a reinforcing strip 5, a water outlet pipe 6, a water outlet baffle 7, a movable cover plate 8, small holes 9, a blue crab box 10, a mangrove plant pot culture container 11, mangrove plants 12, single-shell plants 13 and double-shell plants 14.
Detailed Description
A, basic structure
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device mainly comprises a water flowing tank, a blue crab box and a mangrove plant pot container; the green crab box is a stepped box body consisting of a feeding box and a shielding box, the feeding box is higher than the shielding box, and an opening at one end of the shielding box is communicated with one side plate of the feeding box; the green crab box is arranged in the flowing water tank, and the mangrove plant pot container is arranged on the shelter box; the upper top of the feeding box is provided with a movable cover plate, so that feeding, observation and harvesting are facilitated, and the escape of the blue crabs is prevented; small holes are densely distributed on the movable cover plate, the lower bottom and the side plates at the periphery of the movable cover plate so as to facilitate water exchange, and the surface of the shelter box is not provided with holes; mounting foot strips at the lower bottom of the feeding box so as to remove residual baits; the launder is equipped with inlet tube (1 minute PVC pipe) and outlet pipe, is equipped with out the water baffle between outlet pipe and the blue crab case. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the launder, the feeding box, the shelter box and the water outlet baffle are all made of cheap PP sheets for easy movement. The potted mangrove plant container is an independent water-permeable plastic basin, a nutrition bag or a ceramic flowerpot, the size of the bottom of the container is close to that of the sheltering nest, so that the container can be placed stably, and pure sand, silt or sand mud can be contained in the potted plant container according to the needs. The water flowing groove is a rectangular water groove with the length of 4-15m, the width of 100-150mm and the height of 28 mm; the feeding box is cuboid, 300m long, 250mm wide and 280mm high; the shelter box is cuboid, 250mm long, 160mm wide and 130mm high; the height of the water outlet baffle is 20cm, so that the water depth is maintained to ensure that the bottom of the mangrove plant pot culture container is provided with water with the depth of 5 cm; the diameter of the small hole is 10 mm; the foot strip is 20mm high. A plurality of blue crab boxes are arranged in the flume side by side along the length direction of the flume, and reinforcing strips are arranged between the front long edge plates and the rear long edge plates of the flume to prevent tension deformation.
Second, use method
The seawater biological purification device is arranged on the periphery of the dyke of the seawater culture pond, and the water inlet pipe is connected with an aquarium submersible pump to pump the pond water body into (3 m)2Preferably,/h) the water flowing groove ensures that the water level is over the bottom of the mangrove plant pot culture container, shells which are strong in vitality and easy to grow are sown at the bottom of the water flowing groove, one green crab is put in each green crab box, and the mangrove plants are planted in the mangrove plant pot culture container. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the shellfish can be bivalve and/or monovalve, bivalve such as abnormal clam (Cryptonema producta), Corbicula rubra (Geloina coaxans), Liriopsis limacina (Meretrix lusoria) and Cyclina sinensis (Cyclina sinensis), monovalve such as Olai chinensis (Clithon oualaniensis), Paecio crassipes (Cerithiia spp.), and Littoninum bicolosum (Litorinacocciana); blue crabs such as Scylla serrata or Scylla paramamosain; the mangrove plant such as Kandelia candel, Kalopanax pictus, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza can be seed (hypocotyl), seedling or young tree.
Third, the working principle
The gutter channel has the function of providing space for water flowing, arrangement of a blue crab box and a mangrove plant pot culture container and spreading of shellfish. The feeding box is the activity and ingestion space of the blue crabs; the shelter box is a hidden and hiding space for the blue crabs and simultaneously provides support for the potted mangrove plant container.
After the water body of the culture pond is pumped into the device, the root system of the potted mangrove plant absorbs soluble nutritive salt in the water body; the bivalves filter and eat plankton in the water body, and the monovalves scrape algae and deposited organic matters attached to the interior of the device; the green crabs are cultured in the green crab boxes, and artificial baits, shellfish or small trash fishes are fed. The water body after biological purification flows back to the pond to form a closed circulating system. The plant nursery stock and the blue crab cultivated by the device have high economic value, and the shellfish can be used as fresh supplementary bait for the blue crab.
Research shows that mangrove plants have good purification effect on breeding sewage, and chemical substances secreted by root systems of the plants are beneficial to the development and growth of the blue crabs. In order to improve the absorption effect of the plant root system on nutrient salt, the mangrove seedlings in the container can be properly densely planted.
Fourth, application example
The inventor carries out the simulated operation of the crab, shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device in the Guangxi mangrove forest research center room in 2018, and the effect is good.
6 months-8 months in 2018, the device verifies that more than one year is carried out at the side of a shrimp pond of an urban harbor prevention ecological experiment station in Guangxi mangrove research center, young blue crabs successfully complete unshelling and grow to 300 g of commercial crabs each.
Beginning in 2019 in 8 months, the device is formally applied to the construction of a bamboo forest, a shrimp pond mangrove forest ecological farm, in the north sea of Guangxi.
Claims (9)
1. A device for biologically purifying symbiotic seawater of forest crabs and shellfish is characterized by mainly comprising a flume, a blue crab box and a mangrove plant pot container; the green crab box is a stepped box body consisting of a feeding box and a shielding box, the feeding box is higher than the shielding box, and an opening at one end of the shielding box is communicated with one side plate of the feeding box; the blue crab box is arranged in the running water tank, and the mangrove plant pot container is arranged on the shelter box; the feeding box is provided with a movable cover plate at the upper top, and the movable cover plate and the side plates around the movable cover plate are densely distributed with small holes.
2. The crab-shell symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 1, wherein: the launder is equipped with inlet tube and outlet pipe, is equipped with out the water baffle between outlet pipe and the blue crab case.
3. The crab-shell symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 1, wherein: the feeding box is characterized in that small holes are densely distributed in the lower bottom of the feeding box, and foot strips are mounted on the lower bottom of the feeding box.
4. The crab-shell symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 1, wherein: the mangrove plant pot culture container is an independent water permeable plastic basin, a nutrition bag or a ceramic flowerpot.
5. The crab-shell symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 1, wherein: the launder is a rectangular flume with the length of 4-15m, the width of 100-150mm and the height of 28 mm; the feeding box is cuboid, 300m long, 250mm wide and 280mm high; the shelter box is cuboid, 250mm long, 160mm wide and 130mm high; the height of the water outlet baffle is 20 cm; the diameter of the small hole is 10 mm; the foot pad strip is 20mm high.
6. The crab-shell symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 5, wherein: a plurality of blue crab boxes are arranged in the flume side by side along the length direction of the flume, and reinforcing strips are arranged between the front long edge plates and the rear long edge plates of the flume.
7. The crab-shell symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 1, wherein: the launder, the feeding box, the sheltering box and the water outlet baffle are all made of PP plates.
8. The use method of the crab and shellfish symbiotic seawater biological purification device of claim 1 is characterized in that: the seawater biological purification device is arranged on an embankment at the periphery of a seawater culture pond, a water inlet pipe is connected with an aquarium submersible pump to pump the pond water into a water flowing tank to ensure that the water level is over the bottom of a mangrove plant pot culture container, shellfish is sowed at the bottom of the water flowing tank, one green crab is put in each green crab tank, and the mangrove plant is planted in the mangrove plant pot culture container.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the shellfish is bivalve and/or single shell, the bivalve is abnormal conch Meretricis seu Cyclinae, Corbicula fluminea, Limeretrix meretrix, and Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus, and the single shell is Olay conch, Paaspia Macaca Rocheilowii, and Echinopsis littoralis; the blue crabs are scylla serrata or scylla paramamosain; the mangrove plant is Kandelia candel, Kalopanax pictus nakai, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910958380.2A CN110651743B (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Living sea water biological purification device for forest crab and shellfish |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910958380.2A CN110651743B (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Living sea water biological purification device for forest crab and shellfish |
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| CN110651743A true CN110651743A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| CN110651743B CN110651743B (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114902981A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-16 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Method for promoting settlement and recovery of mangrove forest swimming animals |
| CN115088658A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-09-23 | 集美大学 | Method for indoor breeding of scylla paramamosain |
| CN116391533A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-07 | 海南热带海洋学院 | Mangrove ecological environment construction system and construction method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114902981A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-16 | 广西红树林研究中心 | Method for promoting settlement and recovery of mangrove forest swimming animals |
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| CN116391533B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-06-11 | 海南热带海洋学院 | Mangrove ecological environment construction system and construction method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110651743B (en) | 2022-01-14 |
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