CN105454113A - Fish, shrimp, and shellfish seawater pond circulating aquacultural method - Google Patents

Fish, shrimp, and shellfish seawater pond circulating aquacultural method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105454113A
CN105454113A CN201510976329.6A CN201510976329A CN105454113A CN 105454113 A CN105454113 A CN 105454113A CN 201510976329 A CN201510976329 A CN 201510976329A CN 105454113 A CN105454113 A CN 105454113A
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shellfish
water
fish
culture
shrimp
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CN105454113B (en
Inventor
徐善良
王腾飞
郭春阳
巩建华
田喆
张萌萌
宁俊佳
张鼎元
王奕超
王丹丽
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Ningbo University
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Ningbo University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fish, shrimp, and shellfish seawater pond circulating aquacultural method. Fishes and shrimps, or shellfishes are respectively cultured in different ponds, and a fish and shrimp culture pond is adjacent to a shellfish culture pond. A power water pump is arranged in the fish and shrimp culture pond, and water in the fish and shrimp culture pond can be sent to the shellfish culture pond on the adjacent side end. A communicating pipe is arranged below a water surface of the other end of the adjacent side. Water of the shellfish pond can flow back to the fish and shrimp pond through the communicating pipe. When the water pump operates, water level of the shellfish culture pond is higher than water level of the fish and shrimp culture pond, and backwater flow can be controlled through a valve switch on the communicating pipe. The method realizes that the substrate for growth of shellfishes is protected from fish and shrimp residual feeds and faeces and other coverage pollution, improves survival rate and quality of the shellfishes, and ensures the fish and shrimp pond to continuously provide sufficient food organisms for the shellfish pond, so as to achieve an objective of resource utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutritive salts in the water of the fish and shrimp pond and the shellfish pond.

Description

A kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, specifically a kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method.
Technical background
In recent years, along with the fast development of mariculture industry, breed variety, breeding way and technology are also constantly brought forth new ideas.Coastal popular traditional fishes and shrimps shellfish raises together with mode, and be that before two more than ten years, China fisherman is according to the different feeding habits of aquatile and ecological niche, the many trophic levels taked three dimensional-breeding mode, obtains more benefit to fully utilize water layer.Two or more in current commonly pond shrimp, fish, crab, shellfish, algae are raised together with.This aquaculture model advances the development of coastal mariculture industry really when low-density cultivates in early days, improve culture benefit.But along with pool rent, feed, the improving constantly of the production cost such as artificial, people have to start to carry out high density and raise together with, daily ration, feeding quantity is consequently directly caused to increase, ight soil increases, and sediment of pond worsens blackout, and bacterium grows in a large number, the farming disease harms takes place frequently, not only output is unstable, falls flat, causes on the contrary losing year after year.Patent as application number 200810120410.4 " a kind of sea pond shrimp, crab and shellfish three-dimensional intensive culture method " by name adopts shrimp, crab and shellfish class three-dimensional multi items to raise together with technology, improves output to a certain extent.But on the one hand owing to raising together with in same water body, living space and dissolved oxygen cause direct competitive, needs larger quantity of exchanged water to keep good water quality; On the other hand the residual bait of fishes and shrimps and excreta can cover on the bed mud that shellfish lives in direct sedimentation, and cause bed mud to turn black, serious makes shellfish Large Scale Death because producing the harmful substances such as a large amount of ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide.Meanwhile, strong at fine day photosynthesis, the food organisms breedings such as algae are fast, and shellfish bait is sufficient, and will cause shellfish bait wretched insufficiency during the continuous cloudy day.Therefore.The Polyculture in past, under high density, high investment product aquaculture model, can not reach initial hope, more cannot realize the effect of shellfish bait " with fine tonifying yin ", " owing with rich benefit ".Application number 201310504048.1 " algae phase water system shrimp shellfish disjunctor circulating water culture system " by name is although patent it is also proposed similar cyclic culture idea, but be still confined in same pond, and complicated water treatment system need be built, its investment cost is very large, and in actual production, applicability is not strong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect for above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, a kind of enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method is provided, thus makes up the deficiencies in the prior art.
Enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method of the present invention is cultivated respectively in different water body from fish by shellfish; Then the water body of cultured fishes being delivered in the water body of cultivated shellfish by being communicated with water pipe, making shellfish culture water body pool water level higher than fish culture water body when pump working; Make water body by having water-supply-pipe to reflux between shellfish culture water body and fish culture water body.
As preferably, be communicated with water pump water pipe being provided with coutroi velocity.
As preferably, the gross area of fish culture water body and shellfish culture water body is generally at 30-60 mu.
As preferably, the area ratio of fish culture water body and shellfish culture water body is 2-3:1, the depth of water 1.5-2.0 rice of fish culture water body, the depth of water 0.6-0.8 rice of shellfish culture water body.
Alternatively, be replace shrimps in culture in fish culture water body;
As preferably, the shrimps of putting in a suitable place to breed comprise Penaeus Vannmei, Chinese prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda etc., described in the fry put in a suitable place to breed comprise black porgy, Sparus Latus, malaber reefcod etc., described in the shellfish put in a suitable place to breed comprise the benthic molluscas such as razor clam of hanging, mud blood clam, clam.
As preferably, it is 20,000-3 ten thousand tails/mus that prawn seedling throws in density, fry 1000-3000 tail/mu, and it is 50-100kg/ mu that shellfish seedling throws in density.
The inventive method, its a kind of concrete steps method is as follows:
1) put front preparation in a suitable place to breed: first pond cleared up, tan by the sun, sterilize, water pump and aerator, tubing are set, the seawater that water inlet matter is pure and fresh, carry out suitable basal dressing after water inlet, make water colour reach brown or yellowish-brown;
2) throw seedling: throw in prawn seedling or seawater fry in the fish culture pool, it is 20,000 ~ 30,000 tails/mu that prawn seedling throws in density, fry 1000-3000 tail/mu; Shellfish seedling is thrown on the shellfish culture pool, and throwing in density is 50-100kg/ mu;
3) feeding and management: the fish culture pool is from throwing in manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding every day after seedling, and feeding volume takes into full account according to factors such as fish body or shrimp body size, growth rate, water quality, weather, and every day throws something and feeds at twice.Can start when pool water water colour reaches stable brown, yellowish-brown or yellow green to shellfish culture pool pump water, the water after shellfish filter food can be back to the fishes and shrimps pool through tube connector; Day internal circulating load is moderate with shellfish culture pool water colour, do not see the bottom as well, as preferably, is no more than 2/3 of shellfish culture water body cumulative volume.
The present invention adopts to enclose in the pool in difference and carries out fish or shrimp and shellfish circulation self-cleaning cultural method, relative to traditional fishes and shrimps shellfish Polyculture in same culture pond, the inventive method can realize shellfish growth substrate and exempt from the covering pollutions such as the residual bait of fishes and shrimps, ight soil, improves survival rate and the quality of cultivated shellfish; Again by controlling water pump start/stop time, ensure that the fishes and shrimps pool provides sufficient food organisms to the shellfish pool continuously, the object of the recycling of the nutritive salt such as the fishes and shrimps pool and shellfish pool Water phosphorus can be realized, while realizing single variety high yield, can avoid again changing the next adverse effect of water-band in a large number, achieve the efficiency utilization of energy and material.In addition, this method only needs to use a kind of manufactured feed, improves the availability of feed, reduces production cost, and the cultivation of this invention to seawater fishes and shrimps shellfish has good dissemination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
In figure: 1, the raising fish and shrimp pool; 2, the shellfish culture pool; 3, water pump; 4, water-band; 5, water pipe is communicated with; 6, valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with cultivation example, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, the shellfish culture pool 2, water pump 3, water-band 4, is communicated with water pipe 5, valve 6.The cultured area on the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 20 mu, the depth of water 1.5 meters, the cultured area on the shellfish culture pool 2 10 mu, the depth of water 0.8 meter.The shellfish culture pool 2 water level when pump working higher than the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 water level 35cm.Throw on the shellfish culture pool 2 razor clam seedling of hanging, hang razor clam stocking size 2000-4000 grain/kg, stocking rate 100kg/ mu, i.e. 20-40 ten thousand/mu; Stocking size 4000-6000 grain/kg, stocking rate 75kg/ mu, i.e. 30-50 ten thousand/mu.In the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, input Penaeus Vannmei seedling, Exopalaemon carinicauda carry out cover and support, and it is 20,000-3 ten thousand tails/mus that Penaeus Vannmei seedling throws in density, Exopalaemon carinicauda seed shrimp (shrimp with ovums) 200-400 tail/mu.Put in a suitable place to breed before and after clear and bright, to throw something and feed manufactured feed every day after throwing in seedling in the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, feeding volume takes into full account according to factors such as shrimp body size, growth rate, water quality, weather, and every day throws something and feeds at twice.The water-band 4 that is connected with water pump 3 can be begun through to the shellfish culture pool 2 pump water when pool water water colour reaches stable brown, yellowish-brown or yellow green, through shellfish filter food after water controllable valve door 6 be back to the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 by connecting water pipe 5, day internal circulating load moderate with shellfish culture pool water colour, do not see the bottom as well.
In 120 days culture of Penaeus vannamei cycles, continue after harvesting to stay foster Exopalaemon carinicauda, grabbed to the New Year, razor clam of hanging cultivation 12-16 month.Penaeus Vannmei per mu yield 500-800kg, every per mu yield value 2-3 ten thousand yuan; Exopalaemon carinicauda per mu yield is about 30kg, every per mu yield value 1500-2500 unit; Hang razor clam per mu yield 4000-5000kg, and every per mu yield is worth more than 150,000 yuan.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, the shellfish culture pool 2, water pump 3, water-band 4, is communicated with water pipe 5, valve 6.The cultured area on the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 45 mu, the depth of water 2.0 meters, the cultured area on the shellfish culture pool 2 15 mu, the depth of water 0.6 meter.The shellfish culture pool 2 water level when pump working higher than the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 water level 25cm.Throw on the shellfish culture pool 2 razor clam seedling of hanging, hang razor clam stocking size 2000-4000 grain/kg, stocking rate 100kg/ mu, i.e. 20-40 ten thousand/mu.In the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, throw in black porgy seedling stocking size total length 10cm, put 1000-1200 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu.The raising fish and shrimp pool 1 is from throwing in manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding every day after seedling, and feeding volume takes into full account according to factors such as fish body size, growth rate, water quality, weather, and every day throws something and feeds at twice.The water-band 4 that is connected with water pump 3 can be begun through to the shellfish culture pool 2 pump water when pool water water colour reaches stable brown, yellowish-brown or yellow green, through shellfish filter food after water controllable valve door 6 be back to the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 by connecting water pipe 5, day internal circulating load moderate with shellfish culture pool water colour, do not see the bottom as well.
Black porgy culture-cycle 12-16 month, per mu yield 400-500kg, per mu yield is worth more than 20,000 yuan; Hang razor clam per mu yield 3000-4000kg, and every per mu yield is worth more than 100,000 yuan.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of fishes and shrimps shellfish enclosed seawater pond recirculation system, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, the shellfish culture pool 2, water pump 3, water-band 4, is communicated with water pipe 5, valve 6.The cultured area on the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 45 mu, the depth of water 2.0 meters, the cultured area on the shellfish culture pool 2 15 mu, the depth of water 0.6 meter.The shellfish culture pool 2 water level when pump working higher than the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 water level 25cm.Throw on the shellfish culture pool 2 razor clam seedling of hanging, hang razor clam stocking size 4000-6000 grain/kg, stocking rate 75kg/ mu, i.e. 30-45 ten thousand/mu.In the raising fish and shrimp pool 1, throw in malaber reefcod seedling stocking size total length 10cm, put 800-1000 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu.The raising fish and shrimp pool 1 is from throwing in manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding every day after seedling, and feeding volume takes into full account according to factors such as fish body size, growth rate, water quality, weather, and every day throws something and feeds at twice.The water-band 4 that is connected with water pump 3 can be begun through to the shellfish culture pool 2 pump water when pool water water colour reaches stable brown, yellowish-brown or yellow green, through shellfish filter food after water controllable valve door 6 be back to the raising fish and shrimp pool 1 by connecting water pipe 5, day internal circulating load moderate with shellfish culture pool water colour, do not see the bottom as well.
Malaber reefcod culture-cycle 10-12 month, per mu yield 400-500kg, per mu yield is worth more than 20,000 yuan; Hang razor clam per mu yield 3000-4000kg, and every per mu yield is worth more than 100,000 yuan.
In above example, shellfish output is than improving 6-9 under common Polyculture doubly, and doubly, total fish catches improves 3-4 doubly to prawn output increased 2-3, and quantity of exchanged water decreases more than 80%, achieves the efficiency utilization of energy and material, achieves outstanding economy and ecological benefits.

Claims (10)

1. an enclosed seawater pond cyclic culture method, is characterized in that, described method is cultivated respectively from fish or in different water body by shellfish; Then the water body of cultured fishes being delivered in the water body of cultivated shellfish by being communicated with water pipe, making shellfish culture water body pool water level higher than fish culture water body when pump working; Make water body by having water-supply-pipe to reflux between shellfish culture water body and fish culture water body.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described connection water pipe is provided with the water pump of coutroi velocity.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described fish culture water body and the gross area of shellfish culture water body are 30-60 mu.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described fish culture water body and the area ratio of shellfish culture water body are 2-3:1, the depth of water 1.5-2.0 rice of shellfish culture water body, the depth of water 0.6-0.8 rice of shellfish culture water body.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, in described fish culture water body Mesichthyes breeding water body, cultured fishes are replaced with shrimps in culture.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described shrimps comprise Penaeus Vannmei, Chinese prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda.
7. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described fish are black porgy, Sparus Latus or malaber reefcod; Described shellfish is razor clam of hanging, mud blood clam or clam.
8. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, it is 20,000-3 ten thousand tails/mus that described prawn throws in density, fry 1000-3000 tail/mu, and it is 50-100kg/ mu that shellfish seedling throws in density.
9. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step of described method is as follows:
1) put front preparation in a suitable place to breed: first pond cleared up, tan by the sun, sterilize, water pump and aerator, tubing are set, carry out suitable basal dressing after the seawater that water inlet matter is pure and fresh, make water colour reach brown or yellowish-brown;
2) throw seedling: throw in prawn seedling and seawater fry in the raising fish and shrimp pool, it is 20,000-3 ten thousand tails/mus that prawn seedling throws in density, fry 1000-3000 tail/mu; Shellfish seedling is thrown on the shellfish culture pool, and throwing in density is 50-100kg/ mu;
3) feeding and management: the raising fish and shrimp pool, from throwing in manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding every day after seedling, starts to shellfish culture pool pump water when pool water water colour reaches stable brown, yellowish-brown or yellow green, the water after shellfish filter food is back to the fishes and shrimps pool through tube connector; Day internal circulating load is moderate with shellfish culture pool water colour, do not see the bottom as well.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described day internal circulating load is no more than 2/3 of shellfish culture water body cumulative volume.
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106172114A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-12-07 宁波文明水产养殖有限公司 A kind of high density supports shrimp tail water for the method cultivating Sinonovacula constricta
CN106259075A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-04 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 A kind of method of Siniperca chuatsi pond flowing water culture
CN106259072A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-04 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 A kind of method of Siniperca chuatsi ecologic breeding
CN106538435A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-03-29 宁波大学 A kind of winter grass shrimp constricta zoology cyclic culture method and device
CN106993572A (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-08-01 苑春亭 A kind of sea pond ecological efficient cultural method
CN107258634A (en) * 2017-07-07 2017-10-20 江苏省海洋水产研究所 Have the system and operation method of beach Spat culture and cultivation water process concurrently
CN107873591A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-04-06 响水县八圩海水养殖有限公司 A kind of clam cultural method
CN110521650A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-03 浙江海洋大学 A kind of multifunctional culture net cage
CN110651743A (en) * 2019-10-10 2020-01-07 广西红树林研究中心 Living sea water biological purification device for forest crab and shellfish
CN113303258A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-27 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Method for intercropping siganus oramin in shellfish culture pond
CN113349122A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-09-07 江苏省海洋水产研究所 Method for high yield of pond mixed culture of red shell clams and exopalaemon carinicauda
CN113973765A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-28 珠海市现代农业发展中心(珠海市金湾区台湾农民创业园管理委员会、珠海市农渔业科研与推广中心) New prawn breeding simulation device and method based on Internet of things

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106172114A (en) * 2016-07-11 2016-12-07 宁波文明水产养殖有限公司 A kind of high density supports shrimp tail water for the method cultivating Sinonovacula constricta
CN106259075A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-04 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 A kind of method of Siniperca chuatsi pond flowing water culture
CN106259072A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-04 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 A kind of method of Siniperca chuatsi ecologic breeding
CN106538435A (en) * 2017-01-06 2017-03-29 宁波大学 A kind of winter grass shrimp constricta zoology cyclic culture method and device
CN106993572A (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-08-01 苑春亭 A kind of sea pond ecological efficient cultural method
CN107258634A (en) * 2017-07-07 2017-10-20 江苏省海洋水产研究所 Have the system and operation method of beach Spat culture and cultivation water process concurrently
CN107873591A (en) * 2017-12-05 2018-04-06 响水县八圩海水养殖有限公司 A kind of clam cultural method
CN110521650A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-03 浙江海洋大学 A kind of multifunctional culture net cage
CN110651743A (en) * 2019-10-10 2020-01-07 广西红树林研究中心 Living sea water biological purification device for forest crab and shellfish
CN113303258A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-08-27 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Method for intercropping siganus oramin in shellfish culture pond
CN113349122A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-09-07 江苏省海洋水产研究所 Method for high yield of pond mixed culture of red shell clams and exopalaemon carinicauda
CN113973765A (en) * 2021-09-30 2022-01-28 珠海市现代农业发展中心(珠海市金湾区台湾农民创业园管理委员会、珠海市农渔业科研与推广中心) New prawn breeding simulation device and method based on Internet of things
CN113973765B (en) * 2021-09-30 2023-08-04 珠海市现代农业发展中心(珠海市金湾区台湾农民创业园管理委员会、珠海市农渔业科研与推广中心) New prawn culture simulation device and simulation method based on Internet of things

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