CN104542368A - Method for breeding loach in macrobrachium pond in mixed mode - Google Patents
Method for breeding loach in macrobrachium pond in mixed mode Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding loach in a macrobrachium pond in a mixed mode, and belongs to the field of aquaculture. The method includes the following steps of breeding pool selection, disinfection, fertilizer applying, water plant culture, young loach throwing, young macrobrachium throwing and feeding. By means of the omnivory characteristic of loach, excessive bred young macrobranchium and sick and weak macrobranchium are eaten as bait, and therefore the self-breeding amount of macrobranchium is controlled, and the specifications of macrobranchium coming into the market are large. Meanwhile, loach frequently gets into mud to move, and therefore the bottom mud can be loosened, the decomposition of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in a water body and organic matters in the bottom soil is promoted, the self-cleaning and repair capacity of the breeding water body is enhanced, diseases are reduced, water is basically not changed in the whole breeding process, and the ecological environment is effectively maintained while the aquatic product quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture field, particularly loach breeding method supported by pond crayfish pool cover.
Technical background
Pond crayfish originates in the India Pacific region, lives in various types of fresh water or salt-fresh water waters, and breeds in the Hekou Area affected by tidewater.Pond crayfish individual shapes is large, feeding habits are wide, disease is few, easy existence, growth is fast, nutrition is good, therefore has important economic worth.The breeding way majority of China Yangtze River Delta Area is single cropping one batch of cultivation is main.
Current most widely used aquaculture model is monoculture pattern.The patent No. is the cultural method that the patent of invention of 201310261133.X announces a kind of river prawn, comprise the following steps: the construction of (1) culturing pool: culturing pool selects pond, pond area is 2 ~ 5 mu, the depth of water 1 ~ 2 meter, the intake-outlet in pond installs screen pack, bottom material of pond for breeding is at the bottom of chiltern or at the bottom of stiff mud, and mud is no more than 20 centimetres; (2) cleaning of culturing pool: execute quicklime 100 ~ 150 kilograms for every mu, can dig pit on limit, pond, quicklime is placed in hole, treat that it dissolves, evenly splash in the full pool, the morning on next day stirs at the bottom of the pool, at the bottom of anti-gray block connate water, within after thoroughly cleaning up the pond 3 ~ 5 days, pour water, pour water and should strictly filter, in case harmful organisms flows into water, keep the pH value of water between 5.5 ~ 7.8 simultaneously, draw plastic wire before putting shrimp, plastic wire makes plastic film; (3) prepare before putting seedling: putting seedling first 10 days, every mu of graze cattle excrement or pig manure 300 ~ 500 kilograms are deposited on the pin of beach, pond, within every 3 ~ 5 days, stir a fertilizer, stir 2 ~ 3 times altogether, cultivate zooplankton, when just in time haleoplankon Period of reproductive peak during the pool under shrimp seedling, sufficient bait can promote the ramp of shrimp seedling, again culturing pool central authorities plantation hydrilla verticillata, poly-grass, pondweed, plant 4, during plantation, root is inserted in Pond Silt, finally plant 3 swamp cabbages at pool side for every square metre, every bar is separated by 15 centimetres, is connected with rope; (4) put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed: the shrimp seedling selecting more than 1.5 centimetres of specifications, put 1 ~ 20,000 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu, the water temperature in pond is at 16 ~ 20 DEG C, and before putting in a suitable place to breed, the existing concentration that is placed on by shrimp seedling is soak 20 minutes in the salt solution of 3 ~ 4%; (5) bait feeding: it is main feed that shrimp seedling to be thrown in month with the plankton of step (3), then is aided with crushed pumpkin, bait of throwing something and feeding after one month, and feeding rate is 5% ~ 8% of river prawn body weight, throws in 2 ~ 3 every day.In breeding process, prawn disease is easily sent out, and easily causes large-scale pond crayfish dead, the culturing pool self-purification of water and repair ability poor, often need change water, to increase water quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide pond crayfish pool cover and support loach breeding method, solve in breeding process, prawn disease is easily sent out, and easily causes the problem of the death of large-scale pond crayfish and the culturing pool self-purification of water and repair ability difference, improves pond crayfish output.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Loach breeding method supported by pond crayfish pool cover, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare cultivating pool, surrounding keeps the sun off without high-lager building and trees, enters drainage ditch unobstructed, and electric power mates, and oxygenation facility is complete, and pond surrounding builds the beach pin platform having and throw and raise;
(2) cultivating pool uses medicine thorough disinfection before putting in a suitable place to breed, and sterilization of cleaning up the pond is carried out for 1 month before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed;
(3) clean up the pond after sterilization, putting seedling water inlet in first 7 days, fertilising, culture pond water inlet PEF mesh bag filters, and prevents wild fishes and fish-egg etc. from entering pond; First water filling 20 ~ 30cm in pond, every mu of fertilizer 200 ~ 300 kilograms executed through fermentation, after Exposure to Sunlight a couple of days, water level adds to 50 ~ 60cm, by the fertile degree that can increase water quality that applies fertilizer, increase natural bait amount, save artificial feed, and the deficiency of some nutriment in artificial feed can be supplemented, improve the life speed of pond crayfish;
(4) plant pasture and water or algae, because pond crayfish belongs to crustacean, have shell and mutual residual phenomenon, in the shrimp pool, plant some pasture and water and algae, increase habitat, improve pond and carry shrimp amount;
(5) by the end of June, put mud fish fry in a suitable place to breed, choose size 3 ~ 5cm mud fish fry, sterilize 10 minutes with the saline solution dipping bath of 0.3% before putting in a suitable place to breed, put 0.7 ~ 0.8 ten thousand tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu;
(6) after July 5, put pond crayfish seedling in a suitable place to breed, pond water temperature difference controls at 1 ~ 2 DEG C, chooses the pond crayfish seedling of neat specification, physique stalwartness, size 1cm, puts 5 ~ 60,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu;
(7) feedstuff feeding: pond crayfish feed of only throwing something and feeding, loach is not thrown specially and raises.According to the life habit of shrimp, throw something and feed and want timing, determine matter, quantitative, multiple spot throws something and feeds; Season to be seen simultaneously, sees weather, see water quality, see the throwing amount of situation determination feed of ingesting.
Preferably, cultivating pool 1 ~ 1.5 mu described in step (1), the cultivating pool depth of water 0.8 ~ 1.5m, aspect ratio is with 3:1.
Preferably, the soil property of beach pin platform described in step (1) is hard, and width is 1 ~ 2m, and platform is 40 ~ 80cm place under water.
Preferably, described in step (3), polyethylene mesh bag specification is 80 orders.
Preferably, the transparency 25 ~ 35cm of water described in step (3), water colour is yellow green, has plankton.
Preferably, shrimp seedling described in step (6) is the desalination shrimp seedling cultivated under Variation of Salinity Condition below 0.3% 1 ~ 2 day.
Preferably, described in step (7), pond crayfish feed ingredient is: barley 17%, lower margin powder 12%, soya-bean cake 15%, dish cake 12%, clear chaff 17.2%, fish meal 22%, bone meal 4%, trace element 0.5%, salt 0.3%.
Compared to the prior art the present invention, has the following advantages and effect: utilize loach to belong to omnivorousness feature, pond crayfish is bred too much juvenile prawn and sick and weak shrimp eats up as bait, and pond crayfish is controlled from numerous quantity, and pond crayfish listing specification is large.Simultaneously, it is movable that loach often creeps in mud, can be loosened bed mud mud, promote the decomposition of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and bed mud organic matter in water body, enhance breeding water body self-cleaning and repair ability, reduce disease to occur, whole breeding process does not change water substantially, while improve aquatic products quality, effectively maintain ecotope.The morbidity of this cultural method is less, and per mu yield is stablized, and cultivation risk is little, and economy, ecology and social benefit are remarkable.
Embodiment
Loach breeding method supported by pond crayfish pool cover, utilizes loach to belong to omnivorousness feature, pond crayfish bred too much juvenile prawn and sick and weak shrimp eats up as bait, pond crayfish is controlled from numerous quantity, and pond crayfish listing specification is large.Simultaneously, it is movable that loach often creeps in mud, can be loosened bed mud mud, promote the decomposition of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and bed mud organic matter in water body, enhance breeding water body self-cleaning and repair ability, reduce disease to occur, whole breeding process does not change water substantially, while improve aquatic products quality, effectively maintain ecotope.It comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare cultivating pool, cultivating pool is the place that pond crayfish perches, grows, and cultivating pool is advisable with 1 ~ 1.5 mu, the cultivating pool depth of water is less demanding, is generally advisable with 0.8 ~ 1.5m, and aspect ratio is advisable with 3:1, Chi Shui requires that water retention property is good, water-tight, does not seep water; Water source requires abundant, and canal system is supporting, pours water, and draining is convenient, enters draining separately; Pond illumination requires sufficient, and surrounding keeps the sun off without high-lager building and trees.Pond surrounding builds the beach pin platform having and throw and raise, and the soil property of beach pin platform is hard, and width is 1 ~ 2m, and platform is 40 ~ 80cm place under water.Enter drainage ditch and be arranged at cultivating pool both sides, water inlet pipe can tiltedly apply under the center line on stalk slope, make new water can fill into the middle lower floor of Chi Shui, improve lower floor's water quality and dissolved oxygen condition, water inlet diameter is generally advisable with 15 ~ 30cm, discharge outlet is located at the contrary place of water inlet, and drainpipe diameter is generally advisable with 60 ~ 100cm, discharges the anoxic water at the bottom of pond and dirt as much as possible.
(2) cultivating pool all uses medicine thorough disinfection before putting in a suitable place to breed.Conventional disinfecting drug of cleaning up the pond mainly contains quicklime, bleaching powder, the tea dregs of rice etc.Sterilization of cleaning up the pond generally is carried out for 1 month before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed.Its method has two kinds: clean up the pond sterilization and band water of dry method is cleaned up the pond sterilization.Dry method cleans up the pond sterilization every mu with quicklime 65 ~ 75 kilograms or 5 kilograms, bleaching powder.Band water is cleaned up the pond sterilization every mu quicklime 125 ~ 150 kilograms or 30 ~ 50 grams, every cubic metre of water body bleaching powder.At the bottom of weedy in cultivating pool, pond, mud is too much, and clear pond money also should remove pool side weeds, cuts out unnecessary mud, to keep cultivating pool sanitation and hygiene, amenity.
(3) clean up the pond after sterilization, putting seedling water inlet in first 7 days, fertilising.Culture pond water inlet 80 object PEF mesh bags filter, and prevent wild fishes and fish-egg etc. from entering pond.First water filling 20 ~ 30cm in pond, every mu of fertilizer 200 ~ 300 kilograms executed through fermentation, after Exposure to Sunlight a couple of days, water level adds to 50 ~ 60cm, and keep the transparency 25 ~ 35cm of water, water colour is yellow green, has a certain amount of plankton.By the fertile degree that can increase water quality that applies fertilizer, increase natural bait amount, save artificial feed, and the deficiency of some nutriment in artificial feed can be supplemented, improve the life speed of pond crayfish.
(4) plant pasture and water or algae, because pond crayfish belongs to crustacean, have shell and mutual residual phenomenon, in the shrimp pool, plant some pasture and water and algae, increase habitat, improve pond and carry shrimp amount.
(5) by the end of June, put mud fish fry in a suitable place to breed, choose size 3 ~ 5cm mud fish fry, sterilize 10 minutes with the saline solution dipping bath of 0.3% before putting in a suitable place to breed, put 0.7 ~ 0.8 ten thousand tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu.
(6) after July 5, put pond crayfish seedling in a suitable place to breed, pond water temperature difference controls at 1 ~ 2 DEG C, chooses the pond crayfish seedling of neat specification, physique stalwartness, size 1cm, and described shrimp seedling is the desalination shrimp seedling cultivated under Variation of Salinity Condition below 0.3% 1 ~ 2 day, puts 5 ~ 60,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu.To be in the wind when putting seedling mouth, to avoid stormy waves that shrimp seedling is got on field bund and suffer a loss.
(7) feedstuff feeding: pond crayfish feed of only throwing something and feeding, loach is not thrown specially and raises.Pond crayfish feed ingredient is: barley 17%, lower margin powder 12%, soya-bean cake 15%, dish cake 12%, clear chaff 17.2%, fish meal 22%, bone meal 4%, trace element 0.5%, salt 0.3%.According to the life habit of shrimp, throw something and feed and want timing, determine matter, quantitative, multiple spot throws something and feeds; Season to be seen simultaneously, sees weather, see water quality, see the throwing amount of situation determination feed of ingesting.In the pond crayfish seedling of just having put in a suitable place to breed 1 week, as in water, zooplankton is many, feed can not be thrown; As Chi Shui is comparatively clear, zooplankton is few, then throw something and feed every day 4 times, throws something and feeds day 3 ~ 4 times after 15 days, throws something and feeds every day middle and later periods 2 ~ 3 times, but feeding volume is at dusk 2/3 of day feeding volume.
Daily management main points:
(1) cultivation is early stage.One is that breeding feed is biological; Two is throw something and feed in good time, and after shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, what especially put in a suitable place to breed is the desalination seedling of about 1cm, and ability of looking for food is low, suitably increases the throwing amount of raising, the agreeable to the taste feed of high-quality of throwing something and feeding in time; Three is that early stage water level is more shallow, and Chi Shui be prevented too fertile, adds new water in time; Four is note water temperature, and especially early seedling is supported temporarily, and because temperature is low, water temperature controls to strengthen especially, avoids causing jump in temperature because putting, changing the reason such as water, cold air in a suitable place to breed, causes death of seedling.
(2) mid-term is cultivated.This phase water temperature is higher, is prawn disease suffering season, should note water quality adjustment, diseases prevention and work of throwing something and feeding, and avoids feed spoilage, throws and raise surplus, occur raising the nose above water to breathe phenomenon; Regularly to splash quicklime and to throw something and feed pharmaceutical chemistry; Oxygen increasing equipment oxygenation should be made full use of, the resistivity to adverse circumstances under very high morning, ensure safe production in summer.
(3) later stage is cultivated.This shrimp growth in period is very fast, and individual large, food ration increases, and should increase the throwing amount of raising in time; Notice that in pond, pond crayfish, with or without floating head phenomenon, is concerned about weather forecast, carries out and accept preparation, will notice that cold air invasion and attack cause water temperature to plunge and cause into shrimp death especially, receive shrimp in good time.
Above content described in this specification is only made for the present invention illustrating.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment; only otherwise depart from the content of specification of the present invention or surmount this scope as defined in the claims, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (7)
1. loach breeding method supported by pond crayfish pool cover, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) prepare cultivating pool, surrounding keeps the sun off without high-lager building and trees, enters drainage ditch unobstructed, and electric power mates, and oxygenation facility is complete;
(2) cultivating pool uses medicine thorough disinfection before putting in a suitable place to breed, and sterilization of cleaning up the pond is carried out for 1 month before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed;
(3) clean up the pond after sterilization, putting seedling water inlet in first 7 days, fertilising, culture pond water inlet PEF mesh bag filters, and prevents wild fishes and fish-egg etc. from entering pond; First water filling 20 ~ 30cm in pond, every mu of fertilizer 200 ~ 300 kilograms executed through fermentation, after Exposure to Sunlight a couple of days, water level adds to 50 ~ 60cm;
(4) pasture and water or algae is planted;
(5) by the end of June, put mud fish fry in a suitable place to breed, choose size 3 ~ 5cm mud fish fry, sterilize 10 minutes with the saline solution dipping bath of 0.3% before putting in a suitable place to breed, put 0.7 ~ 0.8 ten thousand tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu;
(6) after July 5, put pond crayfish seedling in a suitable place to breed, pond water temperature difference controls at 1 ~ 2 DEG C, chooses the pond crayfish seedling of neat specification, physique stalwartness, size 1cm, puts 5 ~ 60,000 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu;
(7) feedstuff feeding: pond crayfish feed of only throwing something and feeding, loach is not thrown specially and raises.
2. loach breeding method supported by the pond crayfish pool according to claim 1 cover, it is characterized in that: cultivating pool 1 ~ 1.5 mu described in step (1), the cultivating pool depth of water 0.8 ~ 1.5m, aspect ratio is with 3:1.
3. loach breeding method supported by the pond crayfish pool according to claim 1 cover, it is characterized in that: the soil property of beach pin platform described in step (1) is hard, and width is 1 ~ 2m, and platform is 40 ~ 80cm place under water.
4. loach breeding method supported by the pond crayfish pool according to claim 1 cover, it is characterized in that: described in step (3), polyethylene mesh bag specification is 80 orders.
5. loach breeding method supported by the pond crayfish pool according to claim 1 cover, it is characterized in that: the transparency 25 ~ 35cm of water described in step (3), water colour is yellow green, has plankton.
6. loach breeding method supported by the pond crayfish pool according to claim 1 cover, it is characterized in that: shrimp seedling described in step (6) is the desalination shrimp seedling cultivated under Variation of Salinity Condition below 0.3% 1 ~ 2 day.
7. loach breeding method supported by the pond crayfish pool according to claim 1 cover, it is characterized in that: described in step (7), pond crayfish feed ingredient is: barley 17%, lower margin powder 12%, soya-bean cake 15%, dish cake 12%, clear chaff 17.2%, fish meal 22%, bone meal 4%, trace element 0.5%, salt 0.3%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310491964.6A CN104542368A (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2013-10-21 | Method for breeding loach in macrobrachium pond in mixed mode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310491964.6A CN104542368A (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2013-10-21 | Method for breeding loach in macrobrachium pond in mixed mode |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104938381A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-30 | 广东海洋大学 | Sillago sihama forskal and prawn low soil pond polyculture method |
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| CN105994040B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2018-11-27 | 湖南文理学院 | Rice field shrimp, loach mix ecological three-dimensional culture equipment and cultural method |
| CN105994087A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 天津现代晨辉科技集团有限公司 | Fish, shrimp and vegetable symbiotic culture method |
| CN107360994A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-21 | 李辉 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of loach |
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