CN104938381A - Sillago sihama forskal and prawn low soil pond polyculture method - Google Patents
Sillago sihama forskal and prawn low soil pond polyculture method Download PDFInfo
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000009344 polyculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000073173 Sillago sihama Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021405 artificial diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015784 hyperosmotic salinity response Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 description 12
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000489963 Anabantoidei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276615 Percoidei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000168311 Sillago Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009318 large scale farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sillago sihama forskal and prawn polyculture method in a low soil pond and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. According to the sillago sihama forskal and prawn low soil pond polyculture method, omnivorous fish of sillago sihama forskal with wide temperature tolerance and salt tolerance ranges and taking zooplankter as main baits is used for being subjected to polyculture with prawns in the low value soil pond, wherein the soil pond is located on intertidal zones or above the intertidal zones, the geology of the soil pond is mud, silt, sand mud, sand or gravel, the side slope of the soil pond is soil, and the low value soil pond is used for low-density low-output culturing through containing tide guiding water or drawing water. According to the sillago sihama forskal and prawn low soil pond polyculture method, plenty of demersal living beings, the zooplatker, dead prawns and the residual baits in the prawn soil pond culture are used, the stability of microalgae and the regulation and control over the water quality are facilitated, the morbidity of the prawns is reduced, the pond space is efficiently used, the output of the low value soil pond can be effectively improved, and the culture economic benefits of the low value soil pond is improved. The space is expanded for the large-scale culture of the sillago sihama forskal by use of the sillago sihama forskal and prawn low soil pond polyculture method, and the far-reaching significance for the mariculture structure adjustment is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Duo Lin Xi and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Duo Lin Xi Sillago sihama Forsk á l is under the jurisdiction of Perciformes Perciformes, Anabantoidei Percoidei, perch Superfamily Percoidea, Xi section Sillaginidae, Xi belong to Sillago, distribution is had in Australia, India, Indonesia, Philippine and Japan, also there is distribution in the coastal waters at China's Bohai and Yellow Seas, the East Sea and the South Sea, and body length can reach 300mm.Duo Lin Xi is commonly called as sand borer, ship fourth fish, the wheat head, the fishing season of fishing for spring, season in summer two for best fishing period, it is the important economic fish of China coast, once in China coastal seas fishing operation, considerable position was occupied, but due to overfishing in recent years, individuality becomes younger, and colony becomes littleization, and output reduces year by year.
Duo Lin Xi finished product fish specification is little, and aquaculture management is comparatively easy, and cultivation survival rate is high and breeding way is various, and better economic benefit, has very wide breeding prospect.Prawn is as the principal item of pond mariculture, a large amount of benthons is there is and the soft or hard degree, color, taste etc. of plankton Duo Lin Xi to feed is less demanding in breeding process, the zooplanktons such as the dead shrimp in edible prawn pond, residual bait, copepoda and cladocera; many squamas Xi and prawn are raised together with and be conducive to pond water quality regulation and control, reduce the prawn incidence of disease, more space, efficiency utilization pond, improve unit output and benefit, Duo Lin Xi and prawn Polyculture highly our research and exploitation.Up to now, there are no the report of raising together with related fields about Duo Lin Xi and prawn.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of many squamas Xi and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, the method can improve the output of low level Tu Tang effectively, improves its fanning economics, and creates conditions for the large-scale farming of many squamas Xi.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of Duo Lin Xi and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, comprise the steps:
(1) select low level Tu Tang, after draining the water from the pond, carry out dry disinfection; Described low value Tu Tang refers to: be positioned at more than intertidal zone or intertidal zone, and geology is mud, silt, husky mud, sand or gravel, and side slope is earth, carries out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density by receiving damp diversion or draw water;
(2) retaining, water body disinfection, cultivate biological feed: by receiving damp diversion or the mode of drawing water, retaining in selected pond, water level is made to reach 1.0m, then carry out water body disinfection with bleaching powder and tea bran, through 3 ~ 5 days lack of toxicity after water body disinfection, add urea, cultivation that superphosphate carries out underlying biological bait;
(3) seedling is thrown in: when in pond waters during underlying biological bait raised growth, throws in the prawn seedling 15 ~ 450,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; Throw in prawn seedling after 20 ~ 30 days, when prawn seedling reaches 3 ~ 5cm, throw in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 6 ~ 90,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2;
(4) daily management: to throw something and feed corresponding artificial diet according to prawn kind, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity is determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor; In the cultivation early stage of the long 1 ~ 3cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, in the cultivation mid-term of the long 3 ~ 10cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, grown up in the cultivation later stage of 10cm at prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume; Not throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Within every 20 days, to water filling in pond once high temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.5m;
(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: prawn adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.
The preferred method of described dry disinfection is: after the water in pond drains, and the per hectare quicklime of 750 ~ 1500kg carries out disinfection.
The preferred method of described water body disinfection is: carry out water body disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 12 ~ 15g/m
3, per hectare kills the fish in water body with the tea bran of 225 ~ 375kg.
Described cultivation biological feed refers to: after water body disinfection, and through 3 ~ 5 days lack of toxicity, the per hectare urea of 45 ~ 150kg, the superphosphate of 7.5 ~ 15.0kg carried out the cultivation of underlying biological bait.
Preferably, Duo Lin Xi of the present invention and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method can be following steps:
(1) select to be positioned at intertidal zone, geology is mud, silt, husky mud, sand or gravel, and side slope is earth, and carries out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density by drawing water, and after draining the water from the pond, the per hectare quicklime of 750 ~ 1500kg carries out disinfection;
(2) retaining, water body disinfection, cultivates biological feed; Making pond water level reach 1.0m by receiving damp diversion, carrying out water body disinfection with bleaching powder, making available chlorine in water body reach 12 ~ 15g/m
3, per hectare kills the fish in water body with the tea bran of 225 ~ 375kg; After water body disinfection, through 3 ~ 5 days lack of toxicity, the per hectare urea of 45 ~ 150kg, the superphosphate of 7.5 ~ 15.0kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;
(3) seedling is thrown in: when in pond waters during underlying biological bait raised growth, throws in the prawn seedling 15 ~ 450,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; Throw in prawn seedling after 20 ~ 30 days, when prawn seedling reaches 3 ~ 5cm, throw in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 6 ~ 90,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2;
(4) daily management: to throw something and feed corresponding artificial diet according to prawn kind, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity is determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor, in the cultivation early stage of the long 1 ~ 3cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, in the cultivation mid-term of the long 3 ~ 10cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, grown up in the cultivation later stage of 10cm at prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume; Not throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Within every 20 days, to water filling in pond once high temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.5m;
(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: prawn adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.
The Duo Lin Xi of further optimization and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method can also be following steps:
(1) select to be positioned at more than intertidal zone, geology is mud, silt, husky mud, sand or gravel, and side slope is earth, by receiving damp diversion, and being furnished with water pumper, the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density can be carried out, after draining the water from the pond, the quicklime of per hectare 1200kg carries out disinfection;
(2) retaining, water body disinfection, cultivate biological feed: sterilization 24h after, at the slack period of flood tide, by receive tide mode Na Shui enter pond, water inlet 20 mesh sieve tulles filter, and prevent macro-organism from entering pond; When pond water level reaches 1.0m, closed shutter; The tea bran of per hectare 300kg kills the fish in water body, noon next day, then carries out disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 12 ~ 15g/m
3; After 3 days, the urea of per hectare 75kg, the superphosphate of 7.5kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;
(3) seedling is thrown in: the 9th day, the underlying biological bait when in water body: when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, throws in the prawn seedling 300,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; During prawn seedling early growth to 3 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, the 28th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 60,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2;
(4) daily management: when prawn seedling grows to 2cm, to throw something and feed prawn manufactured feed, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, prawn seedling early growth to 3 ~ 10cm, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, and prawn seedling early growth is to the cultivation later stage being greater than 10cm, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity adjusts in time according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor simultaneously; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Every day, water filling once, to supplement the water yield of oozing out through sand ground, and was progressively flooded to 1.5m at the incoming tide; After rain, per hectare pond is watered the full pool with 150 ~ 300kg quicklime and splashes, to regulate the pH value of water body for 7.8 ~ 8.6;
(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: prawn adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.
The present invention is as follows relative to the beneficial effect of prior art: present invention utilizes a large amount of benthons in the breeding process of the prawn soil pool, zooplankton, dead shrimp, residual bait, be conducive to the stable of micro-algae and regulating and controlling water quality, reduce the prawn incidence of disease, space, efficiency utilization pond, effectively can improve the output of low value Tu Tang, improve its fanning economics.The present invention is that the large-scale cultivation of Duo Lin Xi has expanded space, has far reaching significance to mariculture structural adjustment.
Embodiment
Be described in further details the present invention below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for the present invention is described, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
One, method.
1, pond is selected: choose An Li village one, Dong Jian town, East Sea Island, economic development zone, Zhanjiang City open area 0.2 hm
2, be positioned at intertidal zone, geology is gravel, and side slope is earth, by receiving damp diversion, and is furnished with water pumper, aerator, can carry out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density.
2, clean up the pond, retaining, sterilization, fertilising: drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 1200kg carries out disinfection; After 24h, at the slack period of flood tide, Na Shui enters pond, uses pumping for water pump simultaneously, and water inlet, pump outlet 20 mesh sieve tulles are filtered, and prevent macro-organism from entering pond; When water level reaches 1.0m, closed shutter, stops pumping; The tea bran of per hectare 300kg kills the fish in water body, noon next day, then carries out disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 15g/m
3; After 3 days, the urea of per hectare 75kg, the superphosphate of 7.5kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait.
3, seedling is thrown in: the 9th day, in water body when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, throws in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling 300,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; When prawn seedling early growth is to 2cm, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, namely the 32nd day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 90,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2.
4, daily management: cultivation (prawn grows to 2 ~ 3cm) daily ration of feeding in early stage is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, mid-term (prawn grows to 3 ~ 10cm) 5 ~ 7%, later stage (prawn grows to body and grows up in 10cm), daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume, should be noted that daily ration, feeding quantity should be determined according to factors such as the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding qualities simultaneously, adjusted in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Every day, water filling once, to supplement the water yield of oozing out through sand ground, and was progressively flooded to 1.5m at the incoming tide; After rain, per hectare pond is watered the full pool with 150 ~ 300kg quicklime and splashes, to regulate the pH value of water body for 7.8 ~ 8.0.
Two, result: Penaeus Vannmei adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.Through cultivation in 120 days, catch the Penaeus Vannmei 750.7kg of body weight 15 ~ 19g/ tail altogether, survival rate 73.6%; The Duo Lin Xi 554.9kg of body weight 40 ~ 50g/ tail, survival rate 68.5%.
Embodiment 2 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
One, method.
1, pond is selected: choose An Li village one, Dong Jian town, East Sea Island, economic development zone, Zhanjiang City open area 6 mu, be positioned on intertidal zone, geology is silt, and side slope is earth, by receiving damp diversion, and is furnished with water pumper, can carries out the pond of low-density low output cultivation.
2, clean up the pond, retaining, sterilization, fertilising: drain the water in pond, every mu carries out disinfection with the quicklime of 100kg; After 24h, at the slack period of flood tide, Na Shui enters pond, uses pumping for water pump simultaneously, and water inlet, pump outlet 20 mesh sieve tulles are filtered, and prevent macro-organism from entering pond; When water level reaches 1.0m, closed shutter, stops pumping; The tea bran of per hectare 375kg kills the fish in water body, noon next day, then carries out disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 12g/m
3; After 5 days, the urea of per hectare 150kg, the superphosphate of 15kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait.
3, seedling is thrown in: the 10th day, in water body when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, throws in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling 37.5 ten thousand tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, the 30th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 60,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2.
4, daily management: when prawn seedling early growth is to 2cm, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; Cultivation (prawn grows to 2 ~ 3cm) daily ration of feeding in early stage is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, mid-term (prawn grows to 3 ~ 10cm) 5 ~ 7%, later stage (prawn grows to body and grows up in 10cm), daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 65% of total feeding volume, should be noted that daily ration, feeding quantity should be determined according to factors such as the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding qualities simultaneously, adjusted in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Every day, water filling once, to supplement the water yield of oozing out through sand ground, and was progressively flooded to 1.5m at the incoming tide; After rain, per hectare pond 225kg quicklime is watered the full pool and splashes, to regulate the pH value of water body for 8.0 ~ 8.6.
Two, result: Penaeus Vannmei adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.Through cultivation in 118 days, catch the Penaeus Vannmei 2122.2kg of body weight 15 ~ 20g/ tail altogether, survival rate 78.6%; The Duo Lin Xi 881kg of body weight 40 ~ 50g/ tail, survival rate 79.8%.
Embodiment 3 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
One, method.
1, pond is selected: choose Qin Dou Zhen Haibian village one, Leizhou City open area 0.3 hm
2, be positioned at more than intertidal zone, geology is mud, silt, and side slope is earth, can store tide for intake, and is furnished with water pumper, can carry out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density;
2, clean up the pond, retaining, sterilization, fertilising: drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 1500kg carries out disinfection; After 24h, at the slack period of flood tide, Na Shui enters pond, and water inlet 20 mesh sieve tulles filter, and prevent macro-organism from entering pond; When water level reaches 1.0m, closed shutter; The tea bran of per hectare 300kg kills the fish in water body, noon next day, then carries out disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 15g/m
3; After 3 days, the urea of per hectare 75kg, the superphosphate of 7.5kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait.
3, seedling is thrown in: the 9th day, in water body when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, throws in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling 300,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; When prawn seedling early growth is to 2cm, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, namely the 30th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 7.5 ten thousand tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2.
4, daily management: cultivation (prawn grows to 2 ~ 3cm) daily ration of feeding in early stage is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, mid-term (prawn grows to 3 ~ 10cm) 5 ~ 7%, later stage (prawn grows to body and grows up in 10cm), daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume, should be noted that daily ration, feeding quantity should be determined according to factors such as the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding qualities simultaneously, adjusted in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Every day, water filling once, to supplement the water yield of oozing out through sand ground, and was progressively flooded to 1.5m at the incoming tide; After rain, per hectare pond is watered the full pool with 150 ~ 300kg quicklime and splashes, to regulate the pH value of water body for 7.8 ~ 8.2.
Two, result: Penaeus Vannmei adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.Through cultivation in 110 days, catch the Penaeus Vannmei 813.4kg of body weight 10 ~ 15g/ tail altogether, survival rate 72.3%; The Duo Lin Xi 574.2kg of body weight 35 ~ 45g/ tail, survival rate 63.8%.
Embodiment 4 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
One, method.
1, pond is selected: choose South Mountain town, Xiashan District, Zhanjiang City Hu Cunyi open area 0.33 hm
2, be positioned at more than intertidal zone, geology is gravel, and side slope is earth, can store tide for intake, and is furnished with water pumper, can carry out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density;
2, clean up the pond, retaining, sterilization, fertilising: drain the water in pond, the quicklime of per hectare 750kg carries out disinfection; After 24h, at the slack period of flood tide, Na Shui enters pond, and water inlet 20 mesh sieve tulles filter, and prevent macro-organism from entering pond; When water level reaches 1.0m, closed shutter; The tea bran of per hectare 300kg kills the fish in water body, noon next day, then carries out disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 12g/m
3; After 4 days, the urea of per hectare 45kg, the superphosphate of 12kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait.
3, seedling is thrown in: the 11st day, in water body when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, throws in the Penaeus Vannmei seedling 22.5 ten thousand tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; During prawn seedling early growth to 4 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, the 35th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 7.5 ten thousand tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2.
4, daily management: when prawn seedling early growth is to 2cm, to throw something and feed prawn manufactured feed, cultivation (prawn grows to 2 ~ 3cm) daily ration of feeding in early stage is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, mid-term (prawn grows to 3 ~ 10cm) 5 ~ 7%, later stage (prawn grows to body and grows up in 10cm), daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, night, feeding volume accounted for 65 ~ 70% of total feeding volume, should be noted that daily ration, feeding quantity should be determined according to factors such as the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding qualities simultaneously, adjust in time; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Every day, water filling once, to supplement the water yield of oozing out through sand ground, and was progressively flooded to 1.5m at the incoming tide; After rain, per hectare pond 300kg quicklime is watered the full pool and splashes, to regulate the pH value of water body for 8.0 ~ 8.5.
Two, result: Penaeus Vannmei adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.Through cultivation in 120 days, catch the Penaeus Vannmei 966kg of body weight 15 ~ 20g/ tail altogether, survival rate 80.5%; The Duo Lin Xi 943.2kg of body weight 40 ~ 50g/ tail, survival rate 78.6%.
Claims (6)
1. the Xi of squama more than and a prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:
(1) select low level Tu Tang, after draining the water from the pond, carry out dry disinfection; Described low value Tu Tang refers to and is positioned at more than intertidal zone or intertidal zone, and geology is mud, silt, husky mud, sand or gravel, and side slope is earth, carries out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density by receiving damp diversion or draw water;
(2) retaining, water body disinfection, cultivate biological feed: by receiving damp diversion or the mode of drawing water, retaining in selected pond, water level is made to reach 1.0m, then carry out water body disinfection with bleaching powder and tea bran, through 3 ~ 5 days lack of toxicity after water body disinfection, add urea, cultivation that superphosphate carries out underlying biological bait;
(3) seedling is thrown in: when in pond waters during underlying biological bait raised growth, throws in the prawn seedling 15 ~ 450,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; Throw in prawn seedling after 20 ~ 30 days, when prawn seedling reaches 3 ~ 5cm, throw in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 6 ~ 90,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2;
(4) daily management: to throw something and feed corresponding artificial diet according to prawn kind, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity is determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor; In the cultivation early stage of the long 1 ~ 3cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, in the cultivation mid-term of the long 3 ~ 10cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, grown up in the cultivation later stage of 10cm at prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, and every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume; Not throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Within every 20 days, to water filling in pond once high temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.5m;
(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: prawn adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.
2. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, it is characterized in that: described dry disinfection refers to: after the water in pond drains, the per hectare quicklime of 750 ~ 1500kg carries out disinfection.
3. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, is characterized in that: described water body disinfection refers to: carry out water body disinfection with bleaching powder, make available chlorine in water body reach 12 ~ 15g/m
3, per hectare kills the fish in water body with the tea bran of 225 ~ 375kg.
4. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, it is characterized in that: described cultivation biological feed refers to: after water body disinfection, through 3 ~ 5 days lack of toxicity, the per hectare urea of 45 ~ 150kg, the superphosphate of 7.5 ~ 15.0kg carried out the cultivation of underlying biological bait.
5. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 1 and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:
(1) select to be positioned at intertidal zone, geology is mud, silt, husky mud, sand or gravel, and side slope is earth, and carries out the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density by drawing water, and after draining the water from the pond, the per hectare quicklime of 750 ~ 1500kg carries out disinfection;
(2) retaining, water body disinfection, cultivates biological feed; Making pond water level reach 1.0m by receiving damp diversion, carrying out water body disinfection with bleaching powder, making available chlorine in water body reach 12 ~ 15g/m
3, per hectare kills the fish in water body with the tea bran of 225 ~ 375kg; After water body disinfection, through 3 ~ 5 days lack of toxicity, the per hectare urea of 45 ~ 150kg, the superphosphate of 7.5 ~ 15.0kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;
(3) seedling is thrown in: when in pond waters during underlying biological bait raised growth, throws in the prawn seedling 15 ~ 450,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; Throw in prawn seedling after 20 ~ 30 days, when prawn seedling reaches 3 ~ 5cm, throw in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 6 ~ 90,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2;
(4) daily management: to throw something and feed corresponding artificial diet according to prawn kind, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity is determined according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor, in the cultivation early stage of the long 1 ~ 3cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, in the cultivation mid-term of the long 3 ~ 10cm of prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, grown up in the cultivation later stage of 10cm at prawn body, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume; Within every 20 days, to water filling in pond once high temperature or low temperature season suitably increase water filling number of times, and flood to 1.5m;
(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: prawn adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.
6. Duo Lin Xi according to claim 5 and prawn low level soil pool polyculture method, is characterized in that: be following steps:
(1) select to be positioned at more than intertidal zone, geology is mud, silt, husky mud, sand or gravel, and side slope is earth, by receiving damp diversion, and being furnished with water pumper, the pond of the low output cultivation of low-density can be carried out, after draining the water from the pond, the quicklime of per hectare 1200kg carries out disinfection;
(2) retaining, water body disinfection, cultivate biological feed: sterilization 24h after, at the slack period of flood tide, by receive tide mode Na Shui enter pond, water inlet 20 mesh sieve tulles filter, and prevent macro-organism from entering pond; When pond water level reaches 1.0m, closed shutter; The tea bran of per hectare 300kg kills the fish in water body, noon next day, then carries out disinfection with bleaching powder, makes available chlorine in water body reach 12 ~ 15g/m
3; After 3 days, the urea of per hectare 75kg, the superphosphate of 7.5kg carry out the cultivation of underlying biological bait;
(3) seedling is thrown in: the 9th day, the underlying biological bait when in water body: when cladocera, copepods and other zooplankton raised growths, throws in the prawn seedling 300,000 tails/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm size
2; During prawn seedling early growth to 3 ~ 5cm, zooplankton raised growth again in water body, the 28th day, throws in the Duo Lin Xi seedling 60,000 tails/hm of 2 ~ 3cm size
2;
(4) daily management: when prawn seedling grows to 2cm, to throw something and feed prawn manufactured feed, daily ration of feeding is 8 ~ 10% of shrimp body weight, prawn seedling early growth to 3 ~ 10cm, daily ration of feeding is 5 ~ 7% of shrimp body weight, and prawn seedling early growth is to the cultivation later stage being greater than 10cm, daily ration of feeding is 3 ~ 4% of shrimp body weight, every day repeatedly throws something and feeds, and night, feeding volume accounted for 60 ~ 70% of total feeding volume, notices that daily ration, feeding quantity adjusts in time according to the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality factor simultaneously; Need not to throw something and feed specially Duo Lin Xi feed; Every day, water filling once, to supplement the water yield of oozing out through sand ground, and was progressively flooded to 1.5m at the incoming tide; After rain, per hectare pond is watered the full pool with 150 ~ 300kg quicklime and splashes, to regulate the pH value of water body for 7.8 ~ 8.6;
(5) catch and catch, gather in the crops: prawn adopts cage shrimping method results, and many squamas Xi then draining catches.
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