CN104839079B - A kind of utilization prawn culturing waste water indoor scale cultivates the method and facility of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs - Google Patents
A kind of utilization prawn culturing waste water indoor scale cultivates the method and facility of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs Download PDFInfo
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- CN104839079B CN104839079B CN201510309356.8A CN201510309356A CN104839079B CN 104839079 B CN104839079 B CN 104839079B CN 201510309356 A CN201510309356 A CN 201510309356A CN 104839079 B CN104839079 B CN 104839079B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses the method and facility of a kind of utilization prawn culturing waste water scale indoor culture Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, belong to the artificial breeding technology field of Fish.The present invention is by 0.07 ~ 0.2 hm of area using the facility of prawn culturing waste water large-scale cultivation Duo Lin Xi parent fishs22 ~ 3 mouthfuls of prawn culturing pond, 50m32 ~ 4, outdoor breeding wastewater degradation pond, positioned at indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop parent fish cultivation cement pit and pumping system composition.Prawn culturing middle and late stage breeding wastewater Jing biotechnology is processed by the present invention; degrade after its organic matter for many squama Xi parent fish large-scale cultivations of indoor cement pit; using the zooplankton in water body after degraded as parent fish additive of bait; the nutrition lacked during mixed feed can be supplemented, promotes female, male parent fish further ripe;Microalgae is then conducive to the cultivation water quality for stablizing parent fish.The inventive method can effectively utilizes prawn culturing waste water, reduce environmental pollution, improve the quality of workshop large-scale cultivation survival rate and germ cell in many squama Xi parent fishs rooms.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for massively culturing of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, specifically a kind of to utilize prawn culturing waste water room
The method and facility of interior large-scale cultivation Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, belongs to the artificial breeding technology field of Fish.
Background technology
Duo Lin XiSillago sihama Forskál, sand borer, ship fourth fish, the wheat head are commonly called as, body length is subordinate to up to 300mm
In PerciformessPerciformes, AnabantoideiPercoidei, perch SuperfamilyPercoidea, Xi sectionsSillaginidae, Xi belong toSillago.It is distributed widely in China coast and Australia, India, Indonesia, Philippine and Japan.Fishing season is with spring, summer
Two seasons were best fishing period, were the important economic fishs of China coast, once occupied considerable position in inshore fishing operation, but by
In overfishing in recent years, individuality becomes younger, and colony becomes littleization, and yield is reduced year by year.
Duo Lin Xi finished product fish specifications are little, and aquaculture management is relatively easy to, and cultivation survival rate is high and suitable various breeding way, Jing
Ji benefit is preferable, with wide industrialization breeding prospect.Patent CN102919186B is disclosed in wild many squama Xi parent fishs rooms
Cement pit is raised and train and the foster technology of the environmental condition of reinforced cultivating, feed collocation and pipe.But during parent fish rearing, because making in a large number
With chilled bait and artitificial food, water quality easily deteriorates, and changes water in a large number and be unfavorable for water stabilization, and transparency is high, and parent fish is easily received
Frightened and excitation activity, causes mechanical damage and dead, when solving this problem by cultivating Micro Algae, because of indoor luminosity deficiency, makes
Water quality is affected into algae death.How water colour is stably cultivated, become the technical barrier of parent fish rearing in many squama Xi rooms.Prawn is supported
Middle and late stage is grown, because of the accumulation of organic matter, in water body, has substantial amounts of Micro Algae(Mixed algae)With zooplankton and as breeding wastewater
And sea is entered, it is one of root of China South Sea coastal waters eutrophication.Prawn culturing waste water Jing degrades and uses Duo Lin Xi parent fishs
Indoor culture, in effectively stablizing water colour and water quality, and water body, zooplankton can be the additive of bait of parent fish, can be effectively
Improve the quality of the survival rate and ovum of parent fish.So far, with regard to using prawn culturing waste water large-scale cultivation Duo Lin Xi parent fishs
Facility and its method be still not seen reported.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that utilization prawn culturing waste water indoor scale cultivates Duo Lin Xi parent fishs,
The method is to adopt by prawn culturing pond, wastewater degradation pond, indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop, parent fish rearing pond and draw water
The cultivation facility of system composition, using prawn culturing middle and late stage breeding wastewater, by the process of waste water Jing biotechnology, degrading, which is organic
It is used for many squama Xi parent fish large-scale cultivations of indoor cement pit after matter, is added using the bait by the use of the zooplankton in water body as parent fish
Plus agent, microalgae is utilized for stablizing many squama Xi parent fish rearings water colour and water quality, can effectively improve workshop rule in many squama Xi parent fishs rooms
Modelling cultivating survival rate and the quality of germ cell.
Technical scheme is as follows:A kind of utilization prawn culturing waste water indoor scale cultivates the side of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs
Method, using following steps:
(1)Cultivate facility to build:Select 0.07 ~ 0.2 hm of area22 ~ 3 mouthfuls of prawn culturing pond, 50m3Outdoor breeding
2 ~ 3 mouthfuls of wastewater degradation pond, the parent fish positioned at indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop cultivate cement pit and pumping system;The prawn
Cultivating pool is cement pit, is equipped with drainage and aeration system;The controllable light parent fish rearing workshop refers to outfit control light, control
Temperature, water supply, the Duo Lin Xi parent fish rearings workshop of dirt eliminating function;Described pumping system refers to from prawn culturing pond rest grows useless
Water is evacuated to outdoor wastewater degradation pond and the water pump and pipeline in indoor parent fish rearing pond is evacuated to from degraded pond;
(2)Prawn culturing:By prawn culturing technical specification carry out disinfection pond, apply fertilizer, put Seedling and pipe support, in prawn culturing
The cultivation of prawn is carried out in pond, when prawn grows to long more than the 6cm of body, water is in yellow green or dark brown, transparency 25 ~
40cm, it is during pH value 7.5 ~ 9.0, stand-by;
(3)Prawn culturing wastewater degradation:Reach step(2)Water condition when, the water in prawn culturing pond is led to
Cross pumping system and be extracted into outdoor breeding wastewater degradation pond, natural lighting, the inflation of Jing aeration systems are cultivated 2 ~ 3 days, degrading waste water
Organic matter, makes Micro Algae and zooplankton further breed, and the prawn culturing waste water after being degraded is stand-by;
(4)Parent fish rearing:The prawn culturing waste water Jing after degrading is evacuated to into controllable light by pumping system Jing pumping system
Luminosity is adjusted to 1500 lx ~ 2500lx, screens many squama Xi of more than 40g by the parent fish cultivation cement pit in parent fish rearing workshop
As parent fish, it is 10 ~ 15 tails/m according to breeding density2Carry out parent fish rearing;Special many squama Xi mixed feeds are fed, every two days
The medium-and-large-sized zooplankton in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond is fed, daily ration of feeding is the 5 ~ 8% of fish body weight, feeds 2 times daily;Training
28 ~ 31 DEG C of water temperature is educated, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, DO 5.0 ~ 7.0mg/L of value change the prawn culturing after degraded daily
Waste water, day quantity of exchanged water 100% ~ 200%, inflation cultivates.
Preferably, the step(4)During parent fish rearing, 2000 lx of luminosity, 12 tails of breeding density/m2。
It is further preferred that the step(4)During parent fish rearing, 30 ± 0.5 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value are cultivated
8.2 ~ 8.5, DO 6.0 ± 0.5mg/L of value, day quantity of exchanged water 150%.
In the inventive method, during prawn culturing, dose will be adjusted according to shrimp pool substrate situation;Before prawn culturing
Phase, take interval to drive aerator according to water quality condition, subsequently gradually extend the aerator available machine time, to ensure water dissolved oxygen
Content is not less than 5mg/L.During parent fish rearing, bait feeding amount should suitably increase and decrease according to weather, water quality and situation of ingesting.
Having the beneficial effect that relative to prior art of the invention:Prawn culturing middle and late stage breeding wastewater Jing is given birth to by the present invention
Thing technical finesse, is used for many squama Xi parent fish large-scale cultivations of indoor cement pit after its organic matter of degrading.In prawn culturing middle and late stage,
Breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton amount reproduction, the prawn of middle and late stage cannot be ingested zooplankton, now, will
Eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun, and makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body,
Fast-growth, and then promote the growth of zooplankton;Using prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond medium-and-large-sized zooplankton as parent fish
Additive of bait, using interval feed by the way of, the nutrition lacked in can supplementing mixed feed promotes female, male parent fish to enter one
Step is ripe;Microalgae is then conducive to the cultivation water quality for stablizing parent fish.The inventive method can effectively improve workshop in many squama Xi parent fishs rooms
Large-scale cultivation survival rate and the quality of germ cell.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and
Do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 realizes the present invention using following steps:
First, method
1st, facility is selected:Choose the outdoor prawn culturing cement pit of Guangdong Ocean University East Sea Island marine organisms study base
2 mouthfuls, 0.07 hm of area2, and drainage and aeration system are equipped with, aeration system is turbine type aerator;50m3Outdoor breeding
3, wastewater degradation pond;Positioned at the cement pit in indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop.
2nd, prawn culturing:
(1)After the water of outdoor prawn culturing cement pit is drained, per hectare is carried out disinfection with the quick lime of 1200kg, through 5
My god, after toxicity, extract filtered sea water and enter in pond, make water level reach 1.5m;Apply carbamide 75kg/ hm2, calcium superphosphate
7.5kg/ hm2Carry out the biological culture of foundation bait;
(2)In water body during foundation bait raised growth, water is in dark brown, and 35 ~ 40cm of water quality transparency, adjustment pH value exist
8.0, throw in 2,250,000 tails of the prawn larvae/hm of 0.8 ~ 1.0cm2, carry out prawn culturing;Between cultivation early stage is taken depending on water quality condition
Have a rest out aerator, subsequently gradually extend the available machine time, to ensure the content of water dissolved oxygen in more than 5mg/L;
(3)According to corresponding artificial diet is fed to species, specification, early stage is cultivated(Prawn body 1 ~ 3cm of length)
Daily ration of feeding for shrimp body weight 8%, mid-term(Prawn body 3 ~ 10cm of length)5%, cultivation later stage daily ration of feeding for shrimp body weight 3%,
Repeatedly feed daily, night feeding volume accounts for the 65% of total feeding volume.
3rd, prawn culturing wastewater degradation:Prawn culturing middle and late stage, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton it is a large amount of
Breeding, and the prawn of middle and late stage cannot ingest zooplankton, now, the eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is extracted into 50m3
Outdoor breeding pond, carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun 3 days, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body, fast-growth to enter
And promote the growth of zooplankton;Obtain macrozooplankton, such as cladocera, Copepods, small-sized shell-fish etc..
4th, parent fish rearing:The Duo Lin Xi of screening more than 50g, are put into 3 and are located at indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop
30m3Cultivated in cement pit, breeding density is 12 tails/m2;Special many squama Xi mixed feeds are fed daily, are fed every two days
The medium-and-large-sized zooplankton in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond, to supplement the nutrition lacked in mixed feed, promotes female, male parent fish to enter
One step is ripe;Bait daily ration of feeding for fish body weight 6%, the bait throwing in time is in the morning 8: 00 or so and afternoon 17:00 or so, and root
Suitably increase and decrease according to weather, water quality and situation of ingesting;28 ~ 31 DEG C of water temperature of control, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, DO values 5.0 ~
7.0mg/L, day quantity of exchanged water 100% ~ 200%, the low light level, inflation.
2nd, result:This cultivates 706 tail of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, survival rate 89.9%.
Embodiment 2
First, method
1st, cultivate facility to select:Choose the outdoor prawn culturing water of Guangdong Ocean University East Sea Island marine organisms study base
2 mouthfuls of mud sump, 0.1 hm of area2, and drainage and aeration system are equipped with, aeration system is turbine type aerator;50m3It is outdoor to support
Grow 4, wastewater degradation pond;Indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop.
2nd, prawn culturing:
(1)After the water of outdoor prawn culturing cement pit is drained, per hectare is carried out disinfection with 600kg bleaching powder, after 3 days, poison
Property after, extract filtered sea water and include in pond, make water level reach 1.8m;Apply carbamide 90kg/ hm2, calcium superphosphate
9.0kg/ hm2;
(2)In water body during foundation bait raised growth, in yellow green, 25 ~ 35cm of water quality transparency adjusts pH value to water
8.5,0.8 ~ 1.0cm prawn larvaes, 180,000 tail is thrown in, prawn culturing is carried out;Cultivation early stage should take interval to open increasing depending on water quality condition
Oxygen machine, subsequently gradually extends the available machine time, it is ensured that the content of water dissolved oxygen is in more than 5mg/L;
(3)According to feeding corresponding artificial diet to species, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity also should according to the size of shrimp,
Depending on the factors such as survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality, early stage is cultivated(Prawn body 1 ~ 3cm of length)Daily ration of feeding is shrimp body weight
10%, mid-term(3~10cm)6%, later stage daily ration of feeding is the 3% of shrimp body weight, repeatedly feeds daily, and night feeding volume accounts for 70%.
3rd, prawn culturing wastewater degradation:Prawn culturing middle and late stage, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton it is a large amount of
Breeding, and the prawn of middle and late stage cannot ingest zooplankton, now, the eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is extracted into 50m3
Outdoor breeding pond, carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun 3 days, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body, fast-growth to enter
And promote the growth of zooplankton;Obtain macrozooplankton, such as cladocera, Copepods, small-sized shell-fish etc..
4th, parent fish rearing:The Duo Lin Xi of screening more than 70g, are put into the 30m in indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop3Cement pit
In cultivated, breeding density be 13 tails/m2;Special many squama Xi mixed feeds are fed daily, feed prawn culturing every two days
The medium-and-large-sized zooplankton in wastewater degradation pond, to supplement the nutrition lacked in mixed feed, promote female, male parent fish further into
It is ripe;Daily ration of feeding for fish body weight 8%, the bait throwing in time is in the morning 9: 00 and afternoon 18:00, and according to weather, water quality and feelings of ingesting
Condition suitably increases and decreases;Control 28 ~ 31 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, DO 5.0 ~ 7.0mg/L of value, day quantity of exchanged water
100% ~ 200%, the low light level, inflation.
2nd, result:This cultivates 767 tail of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, survival rate 90.39%.
Embodiment 3
First, method
1st, cultivate facility to select:Choose the outdoor prawn culturing water of Guangdong Ocean University East Sea Island marine organisms study base
3 mouthfuls of mud sump, 0.13 hm of area2, and drainage and aeration system are equipped with, aeration system is turbine type aerator;50m3It is outdoor
Breeding wastewater degraded pond 2;Indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop.
2nd, prawn culturing:
(1)After the water of outdoor prawn culturing cement pit is drained, per hectare is carried out disinfection with 1200kg quick lime, after 4 days, poison
Property after, extract filtered sea water and include in pond, make water level reach 1.5m;Apply carbamide 120kg/ hm2, calcium superphosphate
12kg/ hm2;
(4)In water body during foundation bait raised growth, in yellow green, 25 ~ 35cm of water quality transparency adjusts pH value to water
7.5,0.8 ~ 1.0cm prawn larvaes, 200,000 tail is thrown in, prawn culturing is carried out;Cultivation early stage should take interval to open increasing depending on water quality condition
Oxygen machine, subsequently gradually extends the available machine time, to ensure the content of water dissolved oxygen in more than 5mg/L;
(5)According to feeding corresponding artificial diet to species, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity also should according to the size of shrimp,
Depending on the factors such as survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality, early stage is cultivated(Prawn body 1 ~ 3cm of length)Daily ration of feeding is shrimp body weight
10%, mid-term(3~10cm)7%, later stage daily ration of feeding is the 4% of shrimp body weight, repeatedly feeds daily, and night feeding volume accounts for 60%.
3rd, prawn culturing wastewater degradation:Prawn culturing middle and late stage, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton it is a large amount of
Breeding, and the prawn of middle and late stage cannot ingest zooplankton, now, the eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is extracted into 50m3
Outdoor breeding pond, carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun 5 days, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body, fast-growth to enter
And promote the growth of zooplankton;Obtain macrozooplankton, such as cladocera, Copepods, small-sized shell-fish etc..
4th, parent fish rearing:The Duo Lin Xi of screening more than 60g, are put into the 30m in indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop3Cement pit
In cultivated, breeding density be 15 tails/m2;Special many squama Xi mixed feeds are fed daily, feed prawn culturing every two days
The medium-and-large-sized zooplankton in wastewater degradation pond, to supplement the nutrition lacked in mixed feed, promote female, male parent fish further into
It is ripe;Daily ration of feeding for fish body weight 8%, the bait throwing in time is in the morning 8: 30 and afternoon 17:30, and according to weather, water quality and feelings of ingesting
Condition suitably increases and decreases;Control 28 ~ 31 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, DO 5.0 ~ 7.0mg/L of value, day quantity of exchanged water
100% ~ 200%, the low light level, inflation.
2nd, result:This cultivates 1039 tail of Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, survival rate 88.98%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that utilization prawn culturing waste water indoor scale cultivates Duo Lin Xi parent fishs, it is characterised in that:Using as follows
Step:
(1)Cultivate facility to build:Select 0.07 ~ 0.2 hm of area22 ~ 3 mouthfuls of prawn culturing pond, 50m3Outdoor breeding waste water
2 ~ 3 mouthfuls of degraded pond, the parent fish positioned at indoor controllable light parent fish rearing workshop cultivate cement pit and pumping system;The prawn culturing
Pond is cement pit, is equipped with drainage and aeration system;The controllable light parent fish rearing workshop refer to outfit control light, temperature control,
Water supply, the Duo Lin Xi parent fish rearings workshop of dirt eliminating function;Described pumping system refers to from prawn culturing pond rest grows waste water
It is evacuated to outdoor wastewater degradation pond and the water pump and pipeline in indoor parent fish rearing pond is evacuated to from degraded pond;
(2)Prawn culturing:By prawn culturing technical specification carry out disinfection pond, apply fertilizer, put Seedling and pipe support, in prawn culturing pond
The cultivation of prawn is carried out inside, when prawn grows to long more than the 6cm of body, water eutrophication is in yellow green or dark brown, transparency
25 ~ 40cm, it is during pH value 7.5 ~ 9.0, stand-by;
(3)Prawn culturing wastewater degradation:Reach step(2)Water condition when, by the water in prawn culturing pond by taking out
Water system is extracted into outdoor breeding wastewater degradation pond, and natural lighting, the inflation of Jing aeration systems are cultivated 2 ~ 3 days, right after being degraded
Shrimp aquaculture waste water, it is stand-by;
(4)Parent fish rearing:By step(3)Obtain the prawn culturing waste water Jing after degraded and controllable light parent fish is evacuated to by pumping system
Luminosity is adjusted to 1500 lx ~ 2500lx, screens many squama Xi conducts of more than 40g by the parent fish cultivation cement pit in cultivated workshop
Parent fish, is 10 ~ 15 tails/m according to breeding density2Carry out parent fish rearing;Special many squama Xi mixed feeds are fed, is fed every two days
The medium-and-large-sized zooplankton in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond, daily ration of feeding are the 5 ~ 8% of fish body weight, feed 2 times daily;Cultivate water
28 ~ 31 DEG C of temperature, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, DO 5.0 ~ 7.0mg/L of value are changed the prawn culturing after degraded daily and are given up
Water, day quantity of exchanged water 100% ~ 200%, inflation cultivates.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(3)During prawn culturing, before prawn culturing
Phase, the content of water dissolved oxygen are not less than 5mg/L.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)During parent fish rearing, 2000 lx of luminosity is put
Foster 12 tails of density/m2。
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)During parent fish rearing, cultivate water temperature 30 ±
0.5 DEG C, salinity 26 ~ 31, pH value 8.2 ~ 8.5, DO 6.0 ± 0.5mg/L of value, day quantity of exchanged water 150%.
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