CN104872027B - Facility and method for indoor large-scale cultivation of larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama using prawn cultivation wastewater - Google Patents
Facility and method for indoor large-scale cultivation of larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama using prawn cultivation wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000073173 Sillago sihama Species 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002423 protozoacide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000145 Bacillolysin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000035092 Neutral proteases Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108091005507 Neutral proteases Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 8
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021405 artificial diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000489963 Anabantoidei Species 0.000 description 1
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276618 Perciformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276615 Percoidei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000168311 Sillago Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004602 germ cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a facility and a method for indoor large-scale cultivation of larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama using prawn cultivation wastewater and belongs to the technical field of artificial breeding of fishes. The facility comprises two to three prawn cultivation ponds 0.07hm<2> to 0.2hm<2> in area, two to four outdoor cultivation wastewater degradation ponds 50m<3> in volume, an indoor controllable light shop for larva and juvenile cultivation, and a pumping system. The cultivation wastewater of the mid-late phase of prawn cultivation is biologically treated, after organics in the wastewater are degraded, the wastewater is used for cultivating the larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama in an indoor cement pond on a large scale, zooplanktons in the degraded wastewater are used as feed additive, algal solution in the degraded wastewater is added to cultivation water for cultivating the larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama, the quality of the cultivation water can be stabilized, and the larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama are protected from being scared. The method and the facility have the advantages that prawn cultivation wastewater can be effectively utilized, environmental pollution is decreased, and survival rate of the larvae and juveniles of Sillago sihama in indoor shop large-scale cultivation is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for massively culturing of Duo Lin Xi Larva and fries, specifically a kind of useless using prawn culturing
In hydroecium, the method and its facility of large-scale cultivation Duo Lin Xi Larva and fries, belongs to the artificial breeding technology field of Fish.
Background technology
Duo Lin Xi Sillago sihama Forsk á l be under the jurisdiction of Perciformess Perciformes, Anabantoidei Percoidei,
Perch Superfamily Percoidea, Xi section Sillaginidae, Xi category Sillago.In Australia, India, Indonesia, Fei Lv
Guest and Japan are all distributed, and the coastal waters at China's Bohai and Yellow Seas, the East Sea and the South Sea is also all distributed, and body length is up to 300mm.Many squamas
Xi is commonly called as sand borer, ship fourth fish, the wheat head, and the fishing season fished for spring, two season of summer, as best fishing period, are the important economic fishs of China coast,
Once occupied considerable position in China coastal seas fishing operation, but due to overfishing in recent years, individuality became younger,
Colony becomes littleization, and yield is reduced year by year.
Duo Lin Xi finished product fish specifications are little, and aquaculture management is relatively easy to, and cultivation survival rate is high and breeding way is various, economic effect
It is beneficial preferable, with very wide breeding prospect.Patent CN102919186B discloses cement pit training in many squama Xi Larva and fries rooms
Environmental condition, feed collocation and the pipe educated supports technology.But in Larva and fry cultivating process, because using artitificial food, water quality in a large number
Easily deteriorate, and change water in a large number and be unfavorable for water stabilization, and transparency is high, Larva and fry is easily frightened and excitation activity, causes death,
When this problem is solved by cultivating Micro Algae, because indoor luminosity is not enough, cause algae dead and affect water quality.How stably to cultivate
Water colour, becomes the technical barrier that Larva and fry is cultivated in many squama Xi rooms.Prawn culturing middle and late stage, because of the accumulation of organic matter, in water body
There is substantial amounts of Micro Algae（Mixed algae）Sea is entered with zooplankton and as breeding wastewater, is China South Sea coastal waters eutrophy
One of root of change.Prawn culturing waste water Jing degrades and uses Duo Lin Xi Larva and fry indoor cultures, can effectively stablize water colour and water
In matter, and water body, zooplankton can be the additive of bait of Larva and fry, can effectively improve the survival rate of Larva and fry.It is so far
Only, the facility with regard to Duo Lin Xi Larva and fries are cultivated using prawn culturing waste water indoor scale and its method related side be there are no
The report in face.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of carry out indoor scale cultivation Duo Lin Xi Larva and fries using prawn culturing waste water
Facility and its method, the facility cultivated by prawn culturing pond, outdoor breeding wastewater degradation pond, indoor controllable light Larva and fry
Workshop and pumping system composition, the method are that degrading, which is organic by the process of prawn culturing middle and late stage breeding wastewater Jing biotechnology
It is used for many squama Xi Larva and fry large-scale cultivations of indoor cement pit after matter, the zooplankton in water body after degraded is added as bait
Plus agent, the algae solution in water body of degrading is added to during many squama Xi Larva and fries cultivate water bodys and is then conducive to stable cultivation water quality and makes many
Squama Xi Larva and fries exempt from frightened effect, can effectively utilizes prawn culturing waste water, reduce environmental pollution, improve many squama Xi young, young
Large-scale cultivation survival rate in workshop in fish room.
Technical scheme is as follows：
（1）Facility is built：Select 0.07 ~ 0.2 hm of area22 ~ 3 mouthfuls of prawn culturing pond, 50m3Outdoor breeding waste water
Degraded pond 2 ~ 4, indoor controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop and pumping system；The prawn culturing pond is cement pit, is equipped with
Drainage and aeration system；Described Larva and fry cultivated workshop refers to outfit control light, temperature control, water supply, many squamas of dirt eliminating function
Xi Larva and fry cultivated workshops；Described pumping system refers to from prawn culturing pond rest grows waste water and is evacuated to outdoor wastewater degradation
Pond and the water pump and pipeline of indoor Larva and fry culture pond are evacuated to from degraded pond；
（2）Prawn culturing：The conventional malicious pool, Fei Tang are carried out by prawn culturing technical specification, Seedling is put and is managed and support, supported in prawn
Growing carries out the cultivation of prawn in pond, when prawn grows to long more than the 6cm of body, water is in yellow green or dark brown, and transparency 25 ~
40cm, it is during pH value 7.5 ~ 9.0, stand-by；
（3）Prawn culturing wastewater degradation：Reach step（2）Water condition when, by the water Jing in prawn culturing pond
Pumping system is extracted into outdoor breeding wastewater degradation pond, and natural lighting, inflation are cultivated 2-3 days, and the prawn culturing after being degraded gives up
Water, it is stand-by；
（4）Larva and fry is cultivated：By step（3）The prawn culturing waste water Jing pumping systems for obtaining Jing degradeds are evacuated to indoor cart
Between Duo Lin Xi Larva and fry culture ponds, luminosity is adjusted to 1500 lx ~ 2500lx, controls 27 ~ 33 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 26 ~ 33, pH
Value 8.0 ~ 8.5, aeration quantity is by 30L/m per hour3Aeration quantity be gradually increased to 60L/m3, degraded prawn culturing is changed daily to give up
Water, quantity of exchanged water progressively increase to 200% by initially daily 10% quantity of exchanged water；Prelarva hatches and starts within the 10th day daily or every other day morning
Soil pick-up once, absorbs bottom of pond dirt, residual bait, feed after mixed feed daily sooner or later each soil pick-up once, to keep nursery water quality clear
It is clean；
（5）Feeding and management：Prelarva hatches rear 2nd day initial feeding, feeds protozoacide 3 ~ 5/ml and S types wheel animalcule 2 ~ 3
The ages in days of individual/ml to 6 terminate；5 ~ 15 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of 2 ~ 3/ml of medium-sized wheel animalcule and Copepods naupliuss；10~
20 ages in days feed 0.5 ~ 1/ml of artemia nauplii；15 ~ 30 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of Copepods adult；Incubate in prelarva
Start within 3 days after change to add the algae solution in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond in culture pond water body, in making culture pond water body, algae solution is dense
Degree reaches 3 × 105~5×105Individual/ml, till stopping feeding wheel animalcule；25 ages in days start to feed Duo Lin Xi artifical compound feeds
And biological feed, mixed feed fed 4 ~ 6 times daily, and biological feed feeds 2 times daily.
In the inventive method, the step（3）During prawn culturing, dose will be adjusted according to shrimp pool substrate situation；
In prawn culturing early stage, take interval to drive aerator according to water quality condition, subsequently gradually extend the aerator available machine time, to ensure
The content of water dissolved oxygen is not less than 5mg/L.In Larva and fry cultivating process, bait feeding amount according to weather, water quality and should be ingested
Situation suitably increases and decreases.
Preferably, the step（4）When Larva and fry is cultivated, 2200 lx of luminosity controls 30 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 30, pH value
8.0。
It is further preferred that the neutral protein for accounting for biological feed quality 0.1 ~ 0.3% can also be contained in the biological feed
Enzyme.
Having the beneficial effect that relative to prior art of the invention：Prawn culturing middle and late stage breeding wastewater Jing is given birth to by the present invention
Thing technical finesse, is used for many squama Xi Larva and fry large-scale cultivations of indoor cement pit after its organic matter of degrading.After in prawn culturing
Phase, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton amount reproduction, the prawn of middle and late stage cannot be ingested zooplankton, now,
Eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is carried out aeration, is exposed to the sun, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of supporting for water body
Point, fast-growth, and then promote the growth of zooplankton；Using zooplankton in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond as Larva and fry
Additive of bait, supplement the nutrition that lacks in mixed feed；Algae solution in degraded water body is added into culture pond, then favorably
In the cultivation water quality for stablizing Larva and fry and Duo Lin Xi Larva and fries are made from scaring.The inventive method can effectively improve Duo Lin Xi
The quality of workshop large-scale cultivation survival rate and germ cell in Larva and fry room.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and
Do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
First, method
1st, cultivate facility to select：Choose the outdoor prawn culturing water of Guangdong Ocean University East Sea Island marine organisms study base
2 mouthfuls of mud sump, 0.1 hm of area2, and drainage and aeration system are equipped with, aeration system is turbine type aerator；50m3It is outdoor to support
Grow 4, wastewater degradation pond；Indoor controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop.
2nd, prawn culturing：
（1）After the water of outdoor prawn culturing cement pit is drained, per hectare is carried out disinfection with the quick lime of 1200kg；Jing 3 days,
After toxicity, filtered sea water is extracted, makes water level reach 1.5m；Apply carbamide 75kg/ hm2, calcium superphosphate 7.5kg/ hm2Training
Foster foundation bait is biological, and dose will be flexibly grasped according to situations such as the substrate of the shrimp pool；In water body during foundation bait raised growth, i.e.,
Water is in yellow green or dark brown, and 25 ~ 40cm of transparency, pH value throw in 0.8 ~ 1.0cm prawn larvaes, 150,000 tail, carry out 8.0
Prawn culturing；
（2）Cultivation early stage takes interval to drive aerator depending on water quality condition, subsequently gradually extends the available machine time, to ensure water
The content of dissolved oxygen is in more than 5mg/L；According to corresponding artificial diet is fed to species, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity also should
Depending on the factors such as size, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality according to shrimp, early stage is cultivated（Prawn body 1 ~ 3cm of length）Day throws
Bait amount for shrimp body weight 8 ~ 10%, cultivates mid-term（Prawn body 3 ~ 10cm of length）5 ~ 7%, the later stage 3 ~ 4% is cultivated, is repeatedly fed daily,
Night feeding volume accounts for 65%.
3rd, prawn culturing wastewater degradation：Prawn culturing middle and late stage, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton it is a large amount of
Breeding, and the prawn of middle and late stage cannot ingest zooplankton, now, the eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is extracted into 50m3
Outdoor breeding pond, carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun 3 days, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body, fast-growth to enter
And promote the growth of zooplankton；The biological feed that the final zooplankton obtained in degraded pond is cultivated as Larva and fry.
4th, Larva and fry is cultivated：
（1）Nurturing an environment condition：Indoors in the culture pond of controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop, water temperature 27 ~ 33 is controlled
DEG C, salinity 26 ~ 33, pH value 8.0 ~ 8.5,600 ~ 1000Lux of intensity of illumination, aeration quantity is by 30L/m per hour3Aeration quantity gradually
Increase to 60L/m3, quantity of exchanged water progressively increases to 200% by initially daily 10% quantity of exchanged water；Prelarva hatches the 10th day and starts daily
Or morning soil pick-up once, absorbs bottom of pond dirt, residual bait every other day, feed after mixed feed daily sooner or later each soil pick-up once, to keep
Nursery water cleaning；
（2）Feeding and management：Prelarva hatches rear 2nd day initial feeding, feeds protozoacide 3 ~ 5/ml and S types wheel animalcule 2 ~ 3
The ages in days of individual/ml to 6 terminate；5 ~ 15 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of 2 ~ 3/ml of medium-sized wheel animalcule and Copepods naupliuss；10~
20 ages in days feed 0.5 ~ 1/ml of artemia nauplii；15 ~ 30 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of Copepods adult；Incubate in prelarva
Start within 3 days after change to add the algae solution in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond in culture pond water body, in making culture pond water body, algae solution is dense
Degree reaches 3 × 105~5×105Individual/ml, till stopping feeding wheel animalcule；25 ages in days start to feed Duo Lin Xi artifical compound feeds
And biological feed, mixed feed fed 5 times daily, and biological feed feeds 2 times daily.
2nd, result：This Duo Lin Xi survival rate of seedling 25.3%.
Embodiment 2
First, method
1st, cultivate facility to select：Choose the outdoor prawn culturing water of Guangdong Ocean University East Sea Island marine organisms study base
3 mouthfuls of mud sump, 0.07 hm of area2, and drainage and aeration system are equipped with, aeration system is turbine type aerator；50m3It is outdoor
Breeding wastewater degraded pond 3；Indoor controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop.
2nd, prawn culturing：
（1）After the water of outdoor prawn culturing cement pit is drained, per hectare is carried out disinfection with the bleaching powder of 750kg；Jing 5 days,
After toxicity, filtered sea water is extracted, makes water level reach 1.5m；Apply carbamide 105kg/ hm2, calcium superphosphate 10.5kg/ hm2
The basic food organisms of culture, dose will be flexibly grasped according to situations such as the substrate of the shrimp pool；In water body during foundation bait raised growth,
I.e. water is in yellow green or dark brown, and 25 ~ 40cm of transparency, pH value throw in 0.8 ~ 1.0cm prawn larvaes, 100,000 tail, enter 7.5
Row prawn culturing；
（2）Cultivation early stage takes interval to drive aerator depending on water quality condition, subsequently gradually extends the available machine time, to ensure water
The content of dissolved oxygen is in more than 5mg/L；According to corresponding artificial diet is fed to species, specification, daily ration, feeding quantity also should
Depending on the factors such as size, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding quality according to shrimp, early stage is cultivated（Prawn body 1 ~ 3cm of length）Day throws
Bait amount for shrimp body weight 8 ~ 10%, cultivates mid-term（Prawn body 3 ~ 10cm of length）5 ~ 7%, the later stage 3 ~ 4% is cultivated, is repeatedly fed daily,
Night feeding volume accounts for 60%.
3rd, prawn culturing wastewater degradation：Prawn culturing middle and late stage, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton it is a large amount of
Breeding, and the prawn of middle and late stage cannot ingest zooplankton, now, the eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is extracted into 50m3
Outdoor breeding pond, carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun 6 days, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body, fast-growth to enter
And promote the growth of zooplankton；The biological feed that the final zooplankton obtained in degraded pond is cultivated as Larva and fry.
4th, Larva and fry is cultivated；
（1）Nurturing an environment condition：Indoors in the culture pond of controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop, water temperature 27 ~ 33 is controlled
DEG C, salinity 26 ~ 33, pH value 8.0 ~ 8.5,600 ~ 1000Lux of intensity of illumination, aeration quantity is by 30L/m per hour3Aeration quantity gradually
Increase to 60L/m3, quantity of exchanged water progressively increases to 200% by initially daily 10% quantity of exchanged water；Prelarva hatches the 10th day and starts daily
Or morning soil pick-up once, absorbs bottom of pond dirt, residual bait every other day, feed after mixed feed daily sooner or later each soil pick-up once, to keep
Nursery water cleaning；
（2）Feeding and management：Prelarva hatches rear 2nd day initial feeding, feeds protozoacide 3 ~ 5/ml and S types wheel animalcule 2 ~ 3
The ages in days of individual/ml to 6 terminate；5 ~ 15 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of 2 ~ 3/ml of medium-sized wheel animalcule and Copepods naupliuss；10~
20 ages in days feed 0.5 ~ 1/ml of artemia nauplii；15 ~ 30 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of Copepods adult；Incubate in prelarva
Start within 3 days after change to add the algae solution in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond in culture pond water body, in making culture pond water body, algae solution is dense
Degree reaches 4 × 105~5×105Individual/ml, till stopping feeding wheel animalcule；25 ages in days start to feed Duo Lin Xi artifical compound feeds
And biological feed, mixed feed fed 4 times daily, and biological feed feeds 2 times daily.
2nd, result：This Duo Lin Xi survival rate of seedling 27.8%.
Embodiment 3
First, method
1st, cultivate facility to select：Choose the outdoor prawn culturing water of Guangdong Ocean University East Sea Island marine organisms study base
2 mouthfuls of mud sump, 0.13 hm of area2, and drainage and aeration system are equipped with, aeration system is turbine type aerator；50m3It is outdoor
Breeding wastewater degraded pond 3；Indoor controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop.
2nd, prawn culturing；
（1）After the water of outdoor prawn culturing cement pit is drained, per hectare is carried out disinfection with the quick lime of 1200kg；Jing 3 days,
After toxicity, filtered sea water is extracted, makes water level reach 1.8m；Apply carbamide 120kg/ hm2, calcium superphosphate 12.0kg/ hm2
The basic food organisms of culture, dose will be flexibly grasped according to situations such as the substrate of the shrimp pool；In water body during foundation bait raised growth,
I.e. water is in yellow green or dark brown, and 25 ~ 40cm of transparency, pH value throw in 0.8 ~ 1.0cm prawn larvaes, 200,000 tail, enter 8.5
Row prawn culturing；
（2）Cultivation early stage should take interval to drive aerator depending on water quality condition, subsequently gradually extend the available machine time, to ensure pond
The content of water dissolution oxygen is in more than 5mg/L；Corresponding artificial diet, daily ration, feeding quantity are fed according to species, specification
Depending on should be according to factors such as the size of shrimp, survival rate, water quality, weather, feeding qualities, early stage be cultivated（Prawn body 1 ~ 3cm of length）Day
Daily ration, feeding quantity for shrimp body weight 8 ~ 10%, cultivates mid-term（Prawn body 3 ~ 10cm of length）5 ~ 7%, the later stage 3 ~ 4% is cultivated, is repeatedly thrown daily
Hello, night feeding volume accounts for 70%.
3rd, prawn culturing wastewater degradation：Prawn culturing middle and late stage, breeding water body eutrophication, microalgae and zooplankton it is a large amount of
Breeding, and the prawn of middle and late stage cannot ingest zooplankton, now, the eutrophic water in prawn culturing pond is extracted into 50m3
Outdoor breeding pond, carries out aeration, is exposed to the sun 3 days, makes the phytoplankton in water body make full use of the nutrient of water body, fast-growth to enter
And promote the growth of zooplankton；The biological feed that the final zooplankton obtained in degraded pond is cultivated as Larva and fry.
4th, Larva and fry is cultivated：
（1）Nurturing an environment condition：Indoors in the culture pond of controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop, water temperature 27 ~ 33 is controlled
DEG C, salinity 26 ~ 33, pH value 8.0 ~ 8.5,600 ~ 1000Lux of intensity of illumination, aeration quantity is by 30L/m per hour3Aeration quantity gradually
Increase to 60L/m3, quantity of exchanged water progressively increases to 200% by initially daily 10% quantity of exchanged water；Prelarva hatches the 10th day and starts daily
Or morning soil pick-up once, absorbs bottom of pond dirt, residual bait every other day, feed after mixed feed daily sooner or later each soil pick-up once, to keep
Nursery water cleaning；
（2）Feeding and management：Prelarva hatches rear 2nd day initial feeding, feeds protozoacide 3 ~ 5/ml and S types wheel animalcule 2 ~ 3
The ages in days of individual/ml to 6 terminate；5 ~ 15 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of 2 ~ 3/ml of medium-sized wheel animalcule and Copepods naupliuss；10~
20 ages in days feed 0.5 ~ 1/ml of artemia nauplii；15 ~ 30 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of Copepods adult；Incubate in prelarva
Start within 3 days after change to add the algae solution in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond in culture pond water body, in making culture pond water body, algae solution is dense
Degree reaches 3 × 105~4×105Individual/ml, till stopping feeding wheel animalcule；25 ages in days start to feed Duo Lin Xi artifical compound feeds
And biological feed, mixed feed fed time daily, and biological feed is fed 2 times daily, institute using in biological feed containing accounting for biology
The neutral protease of food quality 0.2%.
2nd, result：This Duo Lin Xi survival rate of seedling 28.6%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of utilization prawn culturing waste water large-scale cultivation Duo Lin Xi Larva and fries, it is characterised in that：Using following tool
Body step：
（1）Facility is built：Select 0.07 ~ 0.2 hm of area22 ~ 3 mouthfuls of prawn culturing pond, 50m3Outdoor breeding wastewater degradation
2 ~ 4, pond, indoor controllable light Larva and fry cultivated workshop and pumping system；The prawn culturing pond is cement pit, is equipped with blowdown
System and aeration system；Described Larva and fry cultivated workshop refers to outfit control light, temperature control, water supply, the Duo Lin Xi of dirt eliminating function
Larva and fry cultivated workshop；Described pumping system refers to from prawn culturing pond rest grows waste water and is evacuated to outdoor wastewater degradation pond
And the water pump and pipeline of indoor Larva and fry culture pond are evacuated to from degraded pond；
（2）Prawn culturing：The conventional malicious pool, Fei Tang are carried out by prawn culturing technical specification, Seedling is put and is managed and support, in shrimp culture pond
The cultivation of prawn is carried out in the pool, when prawn grows to long more than the 6cm of body, water is in yellow green or dark brown, transparency 25 ~
40cm, it is during pH value 7.5 ~ 9.0, stand-by；
（3）Prawn culturing wastewater degradation：Reach step（2）Water condition when, the water Jing in prawn culturing pond is drawn water
System is extracted into outdoor breeding wastewater degradation pond, and natural lighting, inflation are cultivated 2-3 days, and the prawn culturing waste water after being degraded is treated
With；
（4）Larva and fry is cultivated：By step（3）It is many that the prawn culturing waste water Jing pumping systems of acquisition Jing degradeds are evacuated to indoor workshop
Lin Xi Larva and fry culture ponds, luminosity are adjusted to 1500 lx ~ 2500lx, control 27 ~ 33 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 26 ~ 33, pH value 8.0
~ 8.5, aeration quantity is by 30L/m per hour3Aeration quantity be gradually increased to 60L/m3, degraded prawn culturing waste water is changed daily, is changed
The water yield progressively increases to 200% by initially daily 10% quantity of exchanged water；Prelarva hatches and starts within the 10th day daily or every other day morning soil pick-up
Once, bottom of pond dirt, residual bait are absorbed, feed after mixed feed daily sooner or later each soil pick-up once, to keep nursery water cleaning；
（5）Feeding and management：Prelarva hatches rear 2nd day initial feeding, feeds protozoacide 3 ~ 5/ml and S types, 2 ~ 3/ml of wheel animalcule
Terminate to 6 ages in days；5 ~ 15 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of 2 ~ 3/ml of medium-sized wheel animalcule and Copepods naupliuss；10 ~ 20 days
Age feeds 0.5 ~ 1/ml of artemia nauplii；15 ~ 30 ages in days feed 0.2 ~ 0.5/ml of Copepods adult；After prelarva hatching
Start within 3 days to add the algae solution in prawn culturing wastewater degradation pond in culture pond water body, in making culture pond water body, algae solution concentration reaches
To 3 × 105~5×105Individual/ml, till stopping feeding wheel animalcule；25 ages in days start to feed Duo Lin Xi artifical compound feeds and life
Thing bait, mixed feed are fed 4 ~ 6 times daily, and biological feed feeds 2 times daily.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（3）During prawn culturing, before prawn culturing
Phase, the content of water dissolved oxygen are not less than 5mg/L.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）When Larva and fry is cultivated, luminosity 2200
Lx, controls 30 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 30, pH value 8.0.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the biological feed containing account for biological feed quality 0.1 ~
0.3% neutral protease.
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