CN102812912B - Large-scale family juvenile crab soil pool culture method for eriocheir sinensis - Google Patents
Large-scale family juvenile crab soil pool culture method for eriocheir sinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN102812912B CN102812912B CN201210308462.0A CN201210308462A CN102812912B CN 102812912 B CN102812912 B CN 102812912B CN 201210308462 A CN201210308462 A CN 201210308462A CN 102812912 B CN102812912 B CN 102812912B
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- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 241000371997 Eriocheir sinensis Species 0.000 title description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000371986 Eriocheir Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000034004 oogenesis Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000252069 Megalops Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000261642 Eupleurogrammus muticus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000056 copulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008144 egg development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016087 ovulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
一种中华绒螯蟹大规模家系蟹苗土池培育方法，其特征是它包括以下步骤：首先，选择一个水体流动性好的土池作为培育用池；其次，用筛绢网片将上述土池分割成若干个不影响水体流动的隔断；第三，将各家系抱卵母蟹单独放于笼中，再将装有母蟹的笼挂在对应的隔断中，控制水温和海水盐度并保持水体流动进行放幼；第四，放幼结束后移走装有母蟹的笼，进行家系幼体培育，直至长成大眼幼体；最后，在原隔断中进行水体淡化和最终的夜间灯光诱捕即完成蟹苗的培育。本发明对孵化池的要求低，但由于幼体生产环境直接与池底相接，池底微生物净化能力好，生产环境优良，因此用较少的池塘即可生产较多的家系蟹苗，并且每个家系出苗率和成活率均有大幅度提高。
A method for cultivating mitten crab seedlings in a large-scale family earthen pond is characterized in that it includes the following steps: first, selecting an earthen pond with good water fluidity as a pond for cultivation; secondly, dividing the above-mentioned earthen pond into Several partitions that do not affect the flow of the water body; third, put the oviposit female crabs of each family in separate cages, and then hang the cages containing the female crabs in the corresponding partitions to control the water temperature and salinity of the sea water and keep the water body flowing Carry out larvae; fourthly, remove the cage containing the female crab after larvae, and carry out family larvae cultivation until they grow into megalopa; finally, desalinate the water body and finally trap the crabs at night in the original partition to complete the crab larvae cultivation. The present invention has low requirements on hatching ponds, but since the larvae production environment is directly connected to the bottom of the pond, the purification ability of microorganisms at the bottom of the pond is good, and the production environment is excellent, so more family crab seedlings can be produced with fewer ponds, and each The emergence rate and survival rate of each family have been greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of culturing and reproducing of aquatic products, the breeding method of especially a kind of Eriocheir sinensia juvenile crab, the specifically extensive family juvenile crab soil of a kind of Eriocheir sinensia pond breeding method.
Background technology
Eriocheir sinensia is a kind of aquatic products that liked by the masses.Along with the development of Eriocheir sinensis industry, breeding enterprise and raiser are in great demand to the good juvenile crab of seed selection.Family selective breeding is one of main method of Eriocheir sinensia excellent strain seed selection at present.Existing Eriocheir sinensia family selective breeding seedling raising manners is broadly divided into single pond and grows seedlings and two kinds of net cage seedling nurseries, wherein grow seedlings and refer to the female crab of the oogenesis of post-coitum is placed in respectively to single native pond in single pond, because required native pond quantity is many, cost is high, and breeding environment homogeneity is poor, what therefore people generally adopted is net cage (pentahedron, end face is unenclosed construction) grow seedlings, net cage seedling nursery is that the female crab of oogenesis is loaded in net cage, put children and young growth all carries out in net cage, because being suspended in water body, can not touch at the end by net cage, the inner self-purification capacity of net cage is poor, the feed of throwing something and feeding stops up mesh at the bottom of can sinking to net cage, and then affect net cage water environment Water quality, affect emergence rate and survival rate, to this at present except increasing water body oxygen content, accelerate outside water body flow, the solution there is no, this just causes the emergence rate of the female crab young of current each family not high, can not large-scale production family juvenile crab, production cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing single pond and net cage family juvenile crab production method there is survival rate, the rate variance of emerging, the problem that cost is high, invents a kind of extensive family juvenile crab soil of Eriocheir sinensia pond breeding method that directly carries out juvenile crab production at Tu Chizhong.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The extensive family juvenile crab soil of an Eriocheir sinensia pond breeding method, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
First, select a good Tu Chi of water body flow to use pond as cultivating;
Secondly, with 60-80 object bolting silk net sheet, above-mentioned Tu Chi is divided into the partition that several do not affect water body flow, on each bolting silk net sheet, continue to use wire or cable pull and exceed the water surface more than 30 centimetres, the lower edge of each bolting silk net sheet connects a gabion, gabion pile things on, in the fluting at the bottom of pond, is filled with stone in gabion;
The 3rd, the female crab of oogenesis is put in cage, then the cage that female crab is housed is hung in corresponding partition, control water temperature and seawater salinity and keep water body flow to put children;
The 4th, put after children finishes and remove the cage that female crab is housed, carry out larval culture, until grow up to megalops larva;
Finally, in former partition, carry out water body desalination and final night lights is traped the cultivation that completes juvenile crab.
The area of described Tu Chi is 500-1500.
Each described partition is of a size of 3 meters * 10 meters, and each hangs up the female crab of 1 oogenesis in cutting off.
The upper edge of each described bolting silk net sheet exceeds the water surface more than 30 centimetres.
Put first 15 days of children with chlorophos, the tea tree dregs of rice, bleaching powder gradation sterilization female crab being put into cut off, to remove crustacean, fish and harmful microorganism.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention is by directly originating in the female young that crab is put of family oogenesis in the native pond separating with net sheet, the water body of each unit is all in flow regime, microorganism at the bottom of pond has good self-purification capacity, be conducive to improve the survival rate of the young, can make per mu yield juvenile crab family more than 20, each family juvenile crab output reaches more than 1 kilogram.
The present invention to hatchery require low, but because young production environment directly and at the bottom of pond is joined, at the bottom of pond, microbial cleaning ability is good, production environment is good, therefore emergence rate and survival rate are all improved largely, and breeding water body is in flow regime, breed condition homogeneity good, between each family, environmental deviation is less, and family is grown seedlings and between output effect, also had comparativity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of partition net sheet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Tu Chi of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1-2.
The extensive family juvenile crab soil of an Eriocheir sinensia pond breeding method, it comprises the following steps:
First, select a good Tu Chi of water body flow to use pond as cultivating;
Secondly, with 60-80 object bolting silk net sheet 1, above-mentioned native pond 2 is divided into several partitions that does not affect water body flow 3, as shown in Figure 2, on each bolting silk net sheet 1, continue to use wire or drag-line 4 strain and exceed 30 centimetres of the waters surface above (wherein optimum height be 40 centimetres or more than), the lower edge of each bolting silk net sheet 1 connects a gabion 5, gabion 5 pile things ons, in the fluting at the bottom of pond, are filled with stone 6 in gabion; As shown in Figure 1, the Tu Chi of 600 square metres of take may be partitioned into the partition of 20 3 meters * 10 meters as example, and coverage of water be take 500-1500 square metre as good.
The 3rd, put first about 15 days of children with chlorophos, the tea tree dregs of rice, bleaching powder gradation sterilization female crab being put into cut off, remove crustacean, fish and harmful microorganism, again the female crab of oogenesis is put in cage, again the cage that female crab is housed is hung in corresponding partition, each hangs 1 female crab in cutting off, and controls water temperature and seawater salinity and keeps water body flow to put children, should carry out micro-pore oxygenation to improve incubation rate during conditions permit; Put the approximately 3 days time of children.
The 4th, put after children finishes and remove the cage that female crab is housed, carry out larval culture, through I phase zoea, cultivate until V phase zoea finally carries out megalops larva cultivation, until grow up to megalops larva;
Finally, in former partition, megalops larva is carried out to water body desalination and final night lights is traped the cultivation that completes juvenile crab.
Details are as follows:
Mating ratio: hero: female=1:2-3.The male and female crab that gathered health when annual early November, temperature was spent lower than 15, carry on the back cyan, plumpness is good, leg is hard, male and female are separately put in a suitable place to breed in seawater pond, put close crab 300-500 jin in a suitable place to breed for every mu, cut piece throw something and feed reinforced cultivating more than 10 days with fresh seawater trash fish.According to family mating table, when seawater water temperature 9-11 spends at the beginning of mid-November to 12 month, the male and female crab of each family mark is put into independent crab pot mating, during water temperature stability, through mating in three days, can complete, After mating crab plastron and carapace laminating are not tight, very closely widely different with the laminating before mating, female crab copulatory opening periphery adularescent material, should be spermatophore, female crab ovulation in 5-6 hour after mating completes, in 1-2 days, female crab has ovulated substantially, and indivedual female crabs do not lay eggs.The female crab of oogenesis is concentrated and cultivated, and every mu of density is 500 jin of female crab left and right, and seawater salinity, at 15-20 ‰, is cut piece with fresh seawater trash fish (as eupleurogrammus muticus) and thrown something and fed, preferably micro-pore oxygenation.To about March 20 next year, with Polypropylence Sheet, cover cement pit or little Tu Chi, the female crab of oogenesis is put into temperature raising, breeding density is approximately 20/square meter, makes water temperature than the high 2-3 degree in outdoor pond.Temperature raising through about 20 days, can obviously impel the synchronism with batch female crab egg development, is conducive to put in batches children.To April 10, female crab extension cage is put into the single juvenile crab cultivation Tu Chi partition shown in Fig. 2 and put children.Put chlorophos, the tea tree dregs of rice, the bleaching powder gradation sterilization for water of front 15 Tianchis of children, remove crustacean, fish and harmful microorganism.Flea 1, flea 2 all be take phytoplankton as food, and flea 3 be take wheel animalcule as food later.Megalops larva finishes to need 7 day time from completing shell to desalination, and megalops larva seedling age starts desalination in the time of 2-3 days, and in former partition, desalination needs 4 days left and right time, during need continuous feeding and change water.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (5)
1. the extensive family juvenile crab of an Eriocheir sinensia soil pond breeding method, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
First, select a good Tu Chi of water body flow to use pond as cultivating;
Secondly, with 60-80 object bolting silk net sheet, above-mentioned Tu Chi is divided into the partition that several do not affect water body flow, on each bolting silk net sheet, continue to use wire or cable pull and exceed the water surface more than 30 centimetres, the lower edge of each bolting silk net sheet connects a gabion, gabion pile things on, in the fluting at the bottom of pond, is filled with stone in gabion;
The 3rd, the female crab of oogenesis is put in cage, then the cage that female crab is housed is hung in corresponding partition, control water temperature and seawater salinity and keep water body flow to put children;
The 4th, put after children finishes and remove the cage that female crab is housed, carry out larval culture, until grow up to megalops larva;
Finally, carry out water body desalination and final night lights is traped the cultivation that completes juvenile crab.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the area of described Tu Chi is 500-1500 square metre.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that each described partition is of a size of 3 meters * 10 meters, and each hangs up the female crab of 1 oogenesis in cutting off.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the upper edge of each described bolting silk net sheet exceeds the water surface more than 30 centimetres.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that putting first 15 days of children with chlorophos, the tea tree dregs of rice, bleaching powder gradation sterilization female crab being put into cut off, and removes crustacean, fish and harmful microorganism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210308462.0A CN102812912B (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2012-08-28 | Large-scale family juvenile crab soil pool culture method for eriocheir sinensis |
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| CN201210308462.0A CN102812912B (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2012-08-28 | Large-scale family juvenile crab soil pool culture method for eriocheir sinensis |
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| CN102812912B true CN102812912B (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103416334B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-05-13 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Method for improving uniformity of sizes of juvenile crabs |
| CN106172095B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2021-07-27 | 淮安市苏泽生态农业有限公司 | Breeding method of large-size Yangtze river system river crab fine breeds |
| CN109601450A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 钦州学院 | The method of improving the survival rate and feeding rate of Hepu mitten crab by controlling the salinity |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1296742A (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2001-05-30 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Technique for breeding stage-5 young crab in hot house |
| CN102106283A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-06-29 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Layered cage rearing device and using method thereof |
| CN202760008U (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-03-06 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Soil pond rearing device of Chinese mitten crab large-scale family juvenile crabs |
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- 2012-08-28 CN CN201210308462.0A patent/CN102812912B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1296742A (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2001-05-30 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Technique for breeding stage-5 young crab in hot house |
| CN102106283A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-06-29 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Layered cage rearing device and using method thereof |
| CN202760008U (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-03-06 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Soil pond rearing device of Chinese mitten crab large-scale family juvenile crabs |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 我国蟹类土池育苗技术研究进展;顾孝连;《海洋渔业》;20120130;110－115 * |
| 顾孝连.我国蟹类土池育苗技术研究进展.《海洋渔业》.2012,110－116. |
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