CN103493757B - Method for breeding and cultivating four generations of fish and shrimp seedlings in pond in one year - Google Patents
Method for breeding and cultivating four generations of fish and shrimp seedlings in pond in one year Download PDFInfo
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- CN103493757B CN103493757B CN201310402785.0A CN201310402785A CN103493757B CN 103493757 B CN103493757 B CN 103493757B CN 201310402785 A CN201310402785 A CN 201310402785A CN 103493757 B CN103493757 B CN 103493757B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding and cultivating four generations of fish and shrimp seedlings in a pond in one year. The method comprises the steps that first, parents are selected; second, pretreatment is conducted on the pond; third, the fish and shrimp seedlings are bred and cultivated. According to the breeding time and method, the first generation of the seedlings is obtained by breeding carassius auratus gibelio seedlings from April first to May fourth; the second generation of the seedlings is obtained by breeding chub, bighead and grass carp seedlings from May fifth to June sixth; the third generation of the seedlings is freshwater shrimp little specification seedlings, and the freshwater shrimp little specification seedlings are bred from June fifth to July twentieth; the fourth generation of the seedlings is freshwater shrimp large specification seedlings, and the freshwater shrimp large specification seedlings are bred from July twenty-first to December thirtieth. The overflow seedling breeding process comprises the steps that high-quality fish and shrimp seedlings are selected and bred in the overflow selection and breeding mode respectively for fish and shrimp seedlings which have already been bred and cultivated; proper fodders are fed for the fish and shrimp seedlings; fourth, water quality is adjusted and controlled; fifth, biological agents are properly used in the high-temperature season. The method for breeding and cultivating the four generations of the fish and shrimp seedlings in the pond in one year has the advantages that the four generations of high-quality fish and shrimp seedlings can be bred and cultivated in the pond in one year, the pond utilization rate is improved by one time, and economical benefits are improved by one time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates within 1 year, can breed and cultivate in breeding and breeding method of a kind of fishes and shrimps seed, particularly a kind of pond the method for four batches of fishes and shrimps seeds.
Background technology
With usual manner, breed and cultivate seed, within 1 year in same pond, can only breed and cultivate regrowth hair fishes and shrimps seed.First batch started to breed and cultivates the fry kinds such as grass, silver carp, flathead about May 5.Second batch started to cultivate an age large specification fry kind such as grass, silver carp, flathead or about June 20, started to breed and cultivate freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed about June 20.Above-mentioned usual manner pond availability is low, deficiency in economic performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect that can only breed and cultivate regrowth hair fishes and shrimps seed for 1 year for above-mentioned in same pond.A kind of method that can breed and cultivate four batches of fishes and shrimps seeds in same pond for 1 year is provided.By the method, within 1 year in same pond, can breed and cultivate four batches of high-quality fishes and shrimps seeds, pond availability can double, and economic benefit also can double.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: within a kind of pond 1 year, can breed and cultivate the method for four batches of fishes and shrimps seeds.The method is containing having the following steps:
One, Selection parent: first batch of parent who breeds hybridized prussian carp seed selects national Hongze aquatic products seed multiplication farm original seed hybridized prussian carp as female parent, selects the red carp in Jiangxi Dexing as male parent.Second batch of parent who breeds silver carp, bighead and grass carp seed selects respectively national Hanjiang seed farm silver carp, bighead and grass carp as parent.The 3rd batch of parent who breeds freshwater shrimp small dimension seed selects the Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province, the long good freshwater shrimp parent who swings lake and/or Gehu lake water inflow exit of a lake region growing.The 4th batch of freshwater shrimp shrimp seedling of cultivating freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed select the 3rd batch of individual body of breeding out reach 0.7-0.8cm freshwater shrimp small dimension seed.
Two, pretreatment is carried out in pond.
Concrete processing method is: selects a pond area be 3 mu cultivate commodity adult fish 3 years pond above.Aquatic products in pond need be gathered in the crops complete before draining on January 15.With the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of the tea dregs of rice, keep 0.15 meter of the pond depth of water average out to January 15 to January 20, soaks 5-8 hour after the tea dregs of rice, salt and water is mixed with the ratio of 5:0.1:10, to the aqueous solution 24-30 kilogram of splash in the pond water above-mentioned immersion tea dregs of rice and salt; January 26 discharged water in pond to make sunshine be exposed to the sun pond bottom to the pond sterilization that carries out disinfection, until sediment of pond tans by the sun into cracking gap, March 28, beginning was filled with clear water in pond, for seed breeding and cultivation are got ready.
Three, seed breeding and cultivation.
(1), the time of seed breeding and cultivation and method:
First batch is to breed and cultivate hybridized prussian carp seed April 1 to May 4.First method is; Adopt natural propagation method first to breed out hybridized prussian carp spray seedling.While breeding, select the well-developed triploid thelykaryon of sexual gland filial generation hybridized prussian carp for maternal.Selecting the red carp in Jiangxi Dexing is male parent.Ratio maternal and that male parent is thrown in is 5:1.In hatchery, water temperature reaches 17.5 ℃ when above.In hatchery, first carry out fish nest.By the parent fish of choosing put into hatchery allow its natural mating, lay eggs and be fertilized.Fertilized egg is attached on fish nest, and the fertilized egg embryo development that makes to be attached on fish nest by the method for Lotic hatching is sound.The hatching ovum that on fish nest, embryo development is sound is put into preprepared hatchery and with the hatching of hydrostatic strip-up, breed out spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond.Second method is; With artificial insemination method, first breed out hybridized prussian carp spray seedling.Select female parent and the male parent identical with above-mentioned first method.Ratio maternal and male parent is 10: 1.While breeding, water temperature should be more than 17.5 ℃.Use ocyodinic is hastened parturition, and ocyodinic consumption is: the ocyodinic that every kilogram of raun is used HCG500-1000 international unit to add LRH 15-25 microgram to be combined into is injected and hastened parturition.Every kilogram of milter is injected identical ocyodinic, and dosage is 50% of raun.Pitocin response time is 25 hours.Inject and after 25 hours, ordinary white basin is dried, then with towel, the water on the parent population body surface water of having caught and fish head is dried, female parent population fish-egg is clamp-oned in basin, the soon seminal fluid of milter of existing side by side is also clamp-oned in basin, then with feather or other soft materials, stir, seminal fluid and smart ovum are fully mixed and keep making for 2-3 minute ovum to be all fertilized.After fertilized egg stress release boot, stress relief flap, just put into hatchery and carry out Lotic hatching and breed out spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond.It is that hybridized prussian carp seed is cultivated in the pond of 3 mu that the spray seedling that above-mentioned two kinds of methods are bred out is put into area that pretreatment is good.The concrete grammar of cultivating hybridized prussian carp seed is: in pond, put hybridized prussian carp spray seedling 1,500,000 tails of long 0.5 cm of individual specification selecting with spilling water seed selection seedling method in a suitable place to breed, the colored seedling of 1,500,000 tail water are cultivated and grow into hybridized prussian carp seed to 30 angel's spray seedling in 25 days in pond.In cultivating hybridized prussian carp seed process, all need the Powdered serial feed of the hybridized prussian carp sprout feed of throwing something and feeding, particularly various hybridized prussian carps every day, and this crude protein content of feed should be not less than 36%.Before May 4, hybridized prussian carp seed being gone out to pond sells.
Second batch is to breed and cultivate silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed May 5 to June 4.First method is; By the insemination method of naturally hastening parturition, first breed out silver carp, bighead, grass carp spray seedling.In each parent fish, ratio maternal and male parent is 1: 1.The water temperature of breeding in the hatchery of spray seedling should reach more than 22 ℃.While hastening parturition, select the full silver carp of lower abdomen, bighead, grass carp parent to hasten parturition.Ocyodinic consumption: parent grass carp: the every kilogram of disposable injection ocyodinic of raun LRH-A 15 micrograms, the every kilogram of disposable injection ocyodinic of milter LRH-A 7.5 micrograms.Parent silver carp and bighead all adopt mixing ocyodinic to promote the sexual maturity.Concrete dosage and using method are: every kilogram of raun divides biphasic injection LRH-A 15 micrograms to add HCG 300 international units.Inject for the first time LRH-A 5 micrograms, after 8 hours, inject for the second time LRH-A 10 micrograms and add HCG 300 international units.Every kilogram of above-mentioned identical ocyodinic of milter injection, its dosage is 50% of raun dosage.Pitocin response time is 21 hours.21 hours relief parent populations of injection ocyodinic carry out natural spawning in hatchery.Second method is; Use dry method artificial insemination: ordinary white basin is dried, then with towel, the water on parent population body surface water and fish head is dried, raun fish-egg is clamp-oned in basin, the soon seminal fluid of milter of existing side by side is clamp-oned in basin, with feather or other soft materials, stir, seminal fluid and fish-egg are fully mixed evenly and keep making for 2-3 minute ovum all naturally to inseminate.The fertilized egg that above-mentioned two kinds of methods are produced is all directly moved to be put in hatchery and is made it hatch spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond, and by cultivating spray seedling after 5-6 days, to put into area that pretreatment is good be that silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed are cultivated in the pond of 3 mu.In cultivating process, all need the feed of throwing something and feeding every day, and the feed of cultivation grass carp seed is the Powdered feeds of various grass carps series, and its crude protein content should reach 30%.The feed of silver carp, bighead seed of throwing something and feeding be take soybean milk as main feed, the silver carp of also can throwing something and feeding, the Powdered serial feed of bighead, and its crude protein content of feed should be not less than 32%.Above-mentioned silver carp, bighead, grass carp spray seedling are cultivated in pond just becomes silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed for 25 days to 30 days afterwards.Before June 4, silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed being gone out to pond sells.
The 3rd batch is to breed and cultivate freshwater shrimp small dimension shrimp seedling June 5 to July 20.June 5 rose when water temperature reaches 25-26 ℃, and the gene of turning out in parent shrimp culture pond are good, strong stress resistance, stalwartness, action is active, appendage is complete, to put into area that pretreatment is good be the pond of 3 mu for 24 kilograms of female shrimps of the oogenesis of gonadal maturation.The female shrimp of oogenesis natural breed in pond goes out freshwater shrimp seedling.To the freshwater shrimp seedling Powdered feed of various freshwater shrimps series of throwing something and feeding, in its feed, crude protein content should reach 42%.In pond, cultivate the freshwater shrimp small dimension seed of cultivating individual long 0.7-08cm after 25 days to 30 days.Freshwater shrimp in pond is all fished for out to pond, and freshwater shrimp small dimension seed wherein can be used as the 4th batch and cultivates freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed.
The 4th batch is to cultivate freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed July 21 to December 30.Played the 3rd batch of long 75 kilograms of further freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds of cultivating of freshwater shrimp small dimension seed for 0.7-0.8cm of the healthy and strong individuality of turning out above throwing on July 21 in 3 mu of good large ponds of pretreatment.In pond, bighead, each 30 tails of chub fry are put in collocation in a suitable place to breed simultaneously.The serial Powdered feed of the various freshwater shrimps that need in feeding process to throw something and feed, in its feed, crude protein content should reach 40%.To December 30, can cultivate the freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed of individual long 2.5-3cm.Can cultivate simultaneously one age bighead, silver carp fingerling.Before January 15 next year by freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed and one age bighead, silver carp fingerling go out pond and sell.
(2), spilling water seed selection seed: respectively to the one batch of hybridized prussian carp seed that breeds, cultivates in Zhong Huo pond, hatchery, regrowth hair silver carp, grass carp, bighead seed, three batches of freshwater shrimp small dimension seeds and four batches of freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds use spilling water seed selection mode to select unblemished fish, shrimp seed.Concrete selection is: fry kind or shrimp seed that first will seed selection draw in the net to catch.The seed band water that draws in the net to catch is put into net cage, long 2.2 meters of cage size, wide 1.1 meters, dark 0.8 meter.Pulling net cage to make in net cage water be flowing water shape flows.Now in net cage, gene good seed good, strong stress resistance comes toward upstream with current, and the seed of swimming toward upstream is high-quality seed.Otherwise can not toward the seed of upstream trip, be exactly inferior seed.Select respectively hybridized prussian carp, silver carp, bighead and grass carp seed, freshwater shrimp small dimension seed and the freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed of high-quality.Wherein the individual specification length of the seed of hybridized prussian carp, silver carp, grass carp and bighead is 3-4 cm.The individual specification of freshwater shrimp small dimension seed is long is 0.7-0.8cm.The individual specification of freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed is long is 2.5-3cm.
(3), to the feed that it is box-like that each seed is fed; Each fishes and shrimps sprout feed all be take the silkworm chrysalis that vegetable protein is converted into animal protein and is made cured feed as main, and silkworm chrysalis should account for the more than 22% of feed total amount.Other feedstuffs of arranging in pairs or groups are mutually dried fish, dusty yeast, shrimp med, conch meal, soybean meal, flour.The weight ratio of each feedstuff is determined with the adjustment of state of the art formula.But in feed, crude protein content should reach the requirement of various fry kinds and shrimp seed.Above-mentioned Feed Energy improves the nutritional need of various fishes and shrimps seeds.In silkworm chrysalis, juvenile hormone can strengthen the immunologic function of fry kind and the premunition of enhancing fry kind.Cultivate physique strong, the fry kind of neat specification.Silkworm chrysalis moulting hormone can also improve molt rate, growth rate and the survival rate of freshwater shrimp seed.Can cultivate that physique is strong, neat specification and individual large freshwater shrimp seed.Take fishes and shrimps seed to the feedstuff feeding amount of fishes and shrimps seed every day is standard from the 5%-8% of weight.Throwing something and feeding every day three times, is respectively at 8 o'clock in the morning, 12: 30 noon and at 5 o'clock in afternoon.
Four, regulating and controlling water quality: the water depth of cultivating the pond of various fishes and shrimps seeds should be controlled between 0.45m-0.85m.High temperature season, when water temperature reaches 28-30 ℃, the pond water degree of depth should be controlled at 1.30m left and right.In pond, the pH value of water, dissolved oxygen amount and water transparency mainly regulate by fill with clear water in pond.Every 10 days of May was filled with clear water once in pond, and every 3 days of 6-August was filled with clear water once in pond, and to pond in fill with clear water once in every 7 days September to 12 part.Fill with generally at noon 12 o'clock clear water time.Available 3 writing brush water pumps are filled with clear water 2 hours in 3 mu of large ponds.Actual irrigation period and irrigation quantity should suitably be adjusted according to weather condition and water body situation.For increasing dissolved oxygen in water in pond, open the vertical type oxygenation machine oxygenation in pond noon every day, the oxygenation time is about 3 hours.Make like this water body in pond, water quality remain in good state, the pH value of water in pond is remained between 6.8-7.3.Make in pond more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water remains on 5.5 mg/litre.The transparency of water body in pond is remained between 20-30cm.
Five, high temperature season is suitably used biologic product.When reaching 30-35 ℃, uses temperature EM probiotic biologic product.Usage and dosage is: in every 666 cubic metres of pond waters, once use 1100ml EM probiotic.Within every 8 days, use once.
Advantage of the present invention has been to provide a kind of method that can breed and cultivate four batches of fishes and shrimps seeds in same pond for 1 year.By the method, within 1 year in same pond, can breed and cultivate four batches of high-quality fishes and shrimps seeds, pond availability is doubled, and economic benefit is also doubled.
Embodiment
Within in a kind of pond 1 year, can breed and cultivate the method for four batches of fishes and shrimps seeds.The method is containing having the following steps:
One, Selection parent.First batch of parent who breeds hybridized prussian carp seed selects national Hongze aquatic products seed multiplication farm original seed hybridized prussian carp as female parent, selects the red carp in Jiangxi Dexing as male parent.Second batch of parent who breeds silver carp, bighead and grass carp seed selects respectively national Hanjiang seed farm silver carp, bighead and grass carp as parent.The 3rd batch of parent who breeds freshwater shrimp small dimension seed selects the Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province, the long good freshwater shrimp parent who swings lake and/or Gehu lake water inflow exit of a lake region growing, the freshwater shrimp parent's who selects requirement is: lose that transgenosis is good, strong stress resistance, stalwartness, action is active, appendage is complete, gonadal maturation, female shrimp body is long more than 5.5 centimetres, and the length of male shrimp individuality is more longer than the length of female shrimp individuality.The 4th batch of freshwater shrimp shrimp seedling of cultivating freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed selects the 3rd batch of individual body of breeding out to reach the freshwater shrimp small dimension seed of 0.7-0.8cm.
Two, pretreatment is carried out in pond.
Concrete processing method is: selects a pond area be 3 mu cultivate commodity adult fish 3 years pond above.Aquatic products in pond need be gathered in the crops complete before draining on January 15.With the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of the tea dregs of rice, keep 0.15 meter of the pond depth of water average out to January 15 to January 20, soaks 5-8 hour after the tea dregs of rice, salt and water is mixed with the ratio of 5:0.1:10, to the aqueous solution 24-30 kilogram of splash in the pond water above-mentioned immersion tea dregs of rice and salt; The sterilization of cleaning up the pond of the tea dregs of rice is conducive to prevent that pathogene from multiplying procreation.Prevent that disease from occurring.With the tea dregs of rice that contain TS, clean up the pond and do not injure shrimp and biological feed; Can guarantee like this biological feed of fish, shrimp seed.Feedstuff feeding amount can be reduced, Pollutant Source in Aquatic Environment can be reduced.January 26 was discharged water in pond, and excavated dark 30cm in pond bottom surrounding, the annular ditch of wide 50cm as drainage system to water in pond is all discharged.Make sunshine be exposed to the sun pond bottom to the pond sterilization that carries out disinfection, the microorganism in pond can be effectively protected in the luminous energy sterilization of cleaning up the pond, until sediment of pond tans by the sun into cracking gap,, accumulation has a large amount of residual bait organic matters during cultured fishes shrimps bait throwing in material in the pond in.These residual bait organic matters become the fertilizer grain of cultivating zooplankton under photosynthesis.This fertilizer grain can be cultivated plentiful as zooplanktons such as wheel animalcule, cladocera worms after pouring water.These zooplanktons can guarantee that the seed of fishes and shrimps can have agreeable to the taste zooplankton bait.March 28, beginning was filled with clear water in pond, for seed breeding and cultivation are got ready.
Three, seed breeding and cultivation.
(1), the time of seed breeding and cultivation and method:
First batch is to breed and cultivate hybridized prussian carp seed April 1 to May 4.First method is; Adopt natural propagation method light to breed out hybridized prussian carp spray seedling.During breeding, select the well-developed triploid thelykaryon of sexual gland filial generation hybridized prussian carp for maternal.Selecting the red carp in Jiangxi Dexing is male parent.Ratio maternal and that male parent is thrown in is 5:1.In hatchery, water temperature reaches 17.5 ℃ when above.In hatchery, first carry out fish nest.By the parent fish of choosing put into hatchery allow its natural mating, lay eggs and be fertilized.Fertilized egg is attached on fish nest, and the fertilized egg embryo development that makes to be attached on fish nest by the method for Lotic hatching is sound.The hatching ovum that on fish nest, embryo development is sound is put into preprepared hatchery and with the hatching of hydrostatic strip-up, breed out spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond.Second method is; With artificial insemination method, first breed out spray seedling.Select female parent and the male parent identical with above-mentioned first method.Ratio maternal and male parent is 10: 1.While breeding, water temperature should be more than 17.5 ℃.Use ocyodinic is hastened parturition, and ocyodinic consumption is: the ocyodinic that every kilogram of raun is used HCG500-1000 international unit to add LRH15-25 microgram to be combined into is injected and hastened parturition.Every kilogram of milter is injected identical ocyodinic, and dosage is 50% of raun.Pitocin response time is 25 hours.Inject and after 25 hours, ordinary white basin is dried, then with towel, the water on the parent population body surface water of having caught and fish head is dried, female parent population fish-egg is clamp-oned in basin, the soon seminal fluid of milter of existing side by side is also clamp-oned in basin.Then with feather or other soft materials, stir, seminal fluid and smart ovum are fully mixed and keep making for 2-3 minute ovum to be all fertilized.After fertilized egg stress release boot, stress relief flap, just put into hatchery and carry out Lotic hatching and breed out spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond.It is that hybridized prussian carp seed is cultivated in the pond of 3 mu that the spray seedling that above-mentioned two kinds of methods are bred out is put into area that pretreatment is good.The concrete grammar of cultivating hybridized prussian carp seed is: hybridized prussian carp spray seedling 1,500,000 tails that to put in a suitable place to breed by the individual specification length that spilling water seed selection seedling method is selected in pond be 0.5 cm.1,500,000 tail water flowers seedling are cultivated and grow into hybridized prussian carp seed to 30 angel's spray seedling in 25 days in pond.In cultivating hybridized prussian carp seed process, all need the Powdered serial feed of the hybridized prussian carp sprout feed of throwing something and feeding, particularly various hybridized prussian carps every day, and this crude protein content of feed should be not less than 36%.Before May 4, hybridized prussian carp seed being gone out to pond sells.Area is can cultivate hybridized prussian carp seed 136.50 ten thousand tails in the pond of 3 mu.Realize 13650 yuan of the output values, produce 10785 yuan of economic benefits.
Second batch is to breed and cultivate silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed May 5 to June 4.First method is; By the insemination method of naturally hastening parturition, first breed out silver carp, bighead, grass carp spray seedling.In each parent fish, ratio maternal and male parent is 1: 1.The water temperature of breeding in the hatchery of spray seedling should reach more than 22 ℃.While hastening parturition, select the full silver carp of lower abdomen, bighead, grass carp parent to hasten parturition.Ocyodinic consumption is: parent grass carp, the every kilogram of disposable injection ocyodinic of raun LRH-A 15 micrograms, the every kilogram of disposable injection ocyodinic of milter LRH-A 7.5 micrograms.Parent silver carp and bighead all adopt mixing ocyodinic to promote the sexual maturity, and concrete dosage and using method are: every kilogram of raun divides biphasic injection LRH-A 15 micrograms to add HCG 300 international units.Inject for the first time LRH-A 5 micrograms, after 8 hours, inject for the second time LRH--A10 microgram and add HCG 300 international units.Every kilogram of above-mentioned identical ocyodinic of milter injection, its dosage is 50% of raun dosage.Pitocin response time is 21 hours.21 hours relief parent populations of injection ocyodinic carry out natural spawning and insemination naturally in hatchery.Second method is; Use dry method artificial insemination: ordinary white basin is dried, then with towel, the water on parent population body surface water and fish head is dried, raun fish-egg is clamp-oned in basin, the soon seminal fluid of milter of existing side by side is clamp-oned in basin, with feather or other soft materials, stir, seminal fluid and fish-egg are fully mixed evenly and keep making for 2-3 minute ovum all naturally to inseminate.The fertilized egg that above-mentioned two kinds of methods are produced is all directly moved to be put in hatchery and is made it hatch spray seedling, and spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond.By cultivating spray seedling after 5-6 days, to put into area that pretreatment is good be that silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed are cultivated in the pond of 3 mu.Area is to amount to and put spray seedling 1,050,000 tails in a suitable place to breed in the pond of 3 mu.In cultivating process, all need the feed of throwing something and feeding every day.The feed of cultivating grass carp seed is the Powdered feed of various grass carp series, and its crude protein content should reach 30%.The feed of silver carp, bighead seed of throwing something and feeding be take soybean milk as main feed, the silver carp of also can throwing something and feeding, the Powdered serial feed of bighead, and its crude protein content of feed should be not less than 32%.Above-mentioned silver carp, bighead, grass carp spray seedling are cultivated and after 25 days to 30 days, just grow into silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed in pond.Before June 4, silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed being gone out to pond sells.Area is can cultivate silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed 90.30 ten thousand tails in the pond of 3 mu.Above-mentioned silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed go out pond can realize post sales 13545 yuan of the output values, produces 10545 yuan of economic benefits.
The 3rd batch is to breed and cultivate freshwater shrimp small dimension seed June 5 to July 20.From starting to select individual large good freshwater shrimp as parent 1-2 month.Female shrimp body length is more than 5.5 centimetres, and the length of male shrimp individuality is more longer than the length of female shrimp individuality.Parent shrimp is put into parent shrimp culture pond with the standard of thousand grams/acre of 30-40 and cultivates, and the ratio of its female shrimp and male shrimp is 3 ︰ 1.Initial stage in May can be seen indivedual shrimp with ovums, and along with water temperature raises, the ratio of shrimp with ovums increases gradually.Rose June 5 when water temperature reaches 25 ℃-26 ℃, gene are good, strong stress resistance, stalwartness, action is active, appendage is complete, to put into area that pretreatment is good be the pond of 3 mu for 24 kilograms of female shrimps of the oogenesis of gonadal maturation.The female shrimp body of oogenesis length should reach more than 5.5 centimetres.The female shrimp of oogenesis can go out freshwater shrimp seedling 240-300 ten thousand tails by natural breed in pond.To the freshwater shrimp seedling Powdered feed of various freshwater shrimps series of throwing something and feeding, in its feed, crude protein content should reach 42%, and above-mentioned Feed Energy improves the nutrient absorption rate of freshwater shrimp seedling.Freshwater shrimp seedling is cultivated 168 kilograms of the freshwater shrimp small dimension shrimp seedlings that just can reach individual long 0.7-0.8cm for 25 days to 30 days in pond.Realize 11760 yuan of the output values, produce 9360 yuan of economic benefits.Before July 20, freshwater shrimp in pond was all fished for out to pond, freshwater shrimp small dimension seed wherein can be used as the 4th batch and cultivates freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed.
The 4th batch is to cultivate freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed July 21 to December 30.Rose July 21 to the good area of pretreatment be in the pond of 3 mu, throw in above the further cultivation freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds of 75 kilograms of the 3rd batch of healthy and strong individuality length that turn out and that select with spilling water selection-breeding method freshwater shrimp small dimension shrimp seedlings that is 0.7-0.8cm.In pond, bighead, each 30 tails of chub fry are put in collocation in a suitable place to breed simultaneously.The serial Powdered feed of the various freshwater shrimps that need in feeding process to throw something and feed, in its feed, crude protein content should reach 40%.Above-mentioned Feed Energy improves the nutrient absorption rate of freshwater shrimp seed.To December 30, can cultivate 336 kilograms of the freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds of individual long 2.5-3cm.Realize 20160 yuan of the output values, produce 10410 yuan of economic benefits.Can cultivate simultaneously one age 15 kilograms of bighead, silver carp fingerlings.Realize 135 yuan of the output values, produce 105 yuan of economic benefits.Before January 15 next year by freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed and one age bighead, silver carp fingerling go out pond and sell, can realize 20295 yuan of the output values, produce 10515 yuan of economic benefits.
(2), spilling water seed selection seed: respectively to the one batch of hybridized prussian carp seed that breeds, cultivates in 3 mu of ponds, regrowth hair silver carp, grass carp, bighead seed, three batches of freshwater shrimp small dimension seeds and four batches of freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds use spilling water seed selection mode to select unblemished fish, shrimp seed.Concrete selection is: fry kind or shrimp seed that first will seed selection draw in the net respectively to catch.The seed band water that draws in the net to catch is put into net cage, long 2.2 meters of cage size, wide 1.1 meters, dark 0.8 meter.Pulling net cage to make in net cage water be flowing water shape flows.Now in net cage, gene good seed good, strong stress resistance comes toward upstream trip with the mobile of water, and the seed of swimming toward upstream is high-quality seed.Otherwise can not be exactly inferior first-class seed toward the seed of upstream trip.Select respectively hybridized prussian carp, silver carp, bighead, grass carp, small dimension freshwater shrimp and the large specification freshwater shrimp seed of high-quality.Wherein the individual specification length of hybridized prussian carp, silver carp, bighead and grass carp seed is 3-4 cm.The individual lengths of freshwater shrimp small dimension seed is 0.7-0.8cm.The individual length of freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed is 2.5-3cm.
(3), to the feed that it is box-like that each seed is fed; Each fishes and shrimps sprout feed all be take the silkworm chrysalis that vegetable protein is converted into animal protein and is the main cured feed of making.Silkworm chrysalis should account for the more than 22% of feed total amount.Other feedstuffs of arranging in pairs or groups are mutually dried fish, dusty yeast, shrimp med, conch meal, soybean meal, flour.The weight ratio of each feedstuff is determined with the adjustment of state of the art formula.But in feed, crude protein should reach the requirement of various fry kinds and shrimp seed.Above-mentioned Feed Energy improves the nutritional need that various fishes frighten seed.In silkworm chrysalis, juvenile hormone can strengthen the immunologic function of fry kind and the premunition of enhancing fry kind.Cultivate physique strong, the fry kind of neat specification.Silkworm chrysalis moulting hormone can also improve molt rate, growth rate and the survival rate of freshwater shrimp seed.Can cultivate that physique is strong, neat specification and individual large freshwater shrimp seed.Take fishes and shrimps seed to the feedstuff feeding amount of fishes and shrimps seed every day is standard from the 5%-8% of weight.Throwing something and feeding every day three times, is respectively at 8 o'clock in the morning, 12: 30 noon and at 5 o'clock in afternoon.
Four, regulating and controlling water quality: the water depth of cultivating the pond of various fishes and shrimps seeds should be controlled between 0.45-0.85m.High temperature season, when water temperature reaches 28-30 ℃, pond water severity control is in 1.30m left and right.In pond, the pH value of water, dissolved oxygen amount and water transparency mainly regulate by fill with clear water in pond.Every 10 days of May was filled with clear water once in pond.Every 3 days of 6-August was filled with clear water once in pond.To pond in fill with clear water once in every 7 days September to 12 part.Fill with generally at noon 12 o'clock clear water time.Available 3 writing brush water pumps are filled with clear water 2 hours in 3 mu of large ponds.Actual irrigation period and irrigation quantity should suitably be adjusted according to weather condition and water body situation.For increasing dissolved oxygen in water in pond, open the vertical type oxygenation machine oxygenation in pond noon every day, the oxygenation time is about 3 hours.Make like this water body in pond, water quality remain in good state.The pH value of water in pond is remained between 6.8-7.3.Make in pond more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water remains on 5.5 mg/litre.The transparency of water body in pond is remained between 20-30cm.Such water body can effectively be controlled the generation of the various damage by disease and insect of fishes and shrimps, generally does not need to use antibiotics.
Five, high temperature season is suitably used biologic product.When reaching 30-35 ℃, uses temperature EM probiotic biologic product.Usage and dosage is: in every 666 cubic metres of pond waters, once use 1100ml EM probiotic.Within every 8 days, use once.EM probiotic biologic product can decompose the poisonous and harmful substances such as the ammoniacal nitrogen that produces in pond waters, nitrous acid nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide.Can build good water area ecological environment like this.Can effectively control the generation of various damage by disease and insect.
The cultivating pool of 3 mu of areas that the application's patent is used, the gross output value of 1 year four batches of fishes and shrimps seed is 59250 yuan.Totle drilling cost is 18045 yuan, and gross profit is 41205 yuan.The output value per mu is 19750 yuan, and cost per mu is 6015 yuan, and profit per mu is 13735 yuan.
Claims (1)
1. in pond, within 1 year, can breed and cultivate a method for four batches of fishes and shrimps seeds, it is characterized in that: the method is containing having the following steps:
One, Selection parent: first batch of parent who breeds hybridized prussian carp seed selects national Hongze aquatic products seed multiplication farm original seed hybridized prussian carp as female parent, selects the red carp in Jiangxi Dexing as male parent; Second batch of parent who breeds silver carp, bighead and grass carp seed selects respectively national Hanjiang seed farm silver carp, bighead and grass carp as parent; The 3rd batch of parent who breeds freshwater shrimp small dimension seed selects the Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province, the long good freshwater shrimp that swings lake and/or Gehu lake water inflow exit of a lake region growing as parent; The 4th batch of freshwater shrimp shrimp seedling of cultivating freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed selects the 3rd batch of individual body of breeding out to reach the freshwater shrimp small dimension seed of 0.7-0.8cm;
Two, pretreatment is carried out in pond:
Concrete processing method is: selects a pond area be 3 mu cultivate commodity adult fish 3 years pond above, aquatic products in pond need be gathered in the crops complete before draining on January 15, January 15 to January 20 is with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of the tea dregs of rice, keep 0.15 meter of pond depth of water average out to, after the tea dregs of rice, salt and water is mixed with the ratio of 5:0.1:10, soak 5-8 hour, to the aqueous solution 24-30 kilogram of splash in the pond water above-mentioned immersion tea dregs of rice and salt; January 26 discharged water in pond to make sunshine be exposed to the sun pond bottom to the pond sterilization that carries out disinfection, until sediment of pond tans by the sun into cracking gap, March 28, beginning was filled with clear water in pond, for seed breeding and cultivation are got ready;
Three, seed breeding and cultivation:
(1), the time of seed breeding and cultivation and method:
First batch is to breed and cultivate hybridized prussian carp seed April 1 to May 4, first method is: adopt natural propagation method first to breed out hybridized prussian carp spray seedling, while breeding, select the well-developed triploid thelykaryon of sexual gland filial generation hybridized prussian carp for maternal, selecting the red carp in Jiangxi Dexing is male parent, maternal and male parent input ratio be 5:1, when in hatchery, water temperature reaches more than 17.5 ℃, in hatchery, first carry out fish nest, by choose parent fish put into hatchery and allow its natural mating, lay eggs and be fertilized, fertilized egg is attached on fish nest, the fertilized egg embryo development that makes to be attached on fish nest by the method for Lotic hatching is sound, the hatching ovum that on fish nest, embryo development is sound is put into preprepared hatchery and with the hatching of hydrostatic strip-up, breed out spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond, second method is: with artificial insemination method, first breed out hybridized prussian carp spray seedling, select female parent and the male parent identical with above-mentioned first method, ratio maternal and male parent is 10: 1, while breeding, water temperature should be more than 17.5 ℃, use ocyodinic is hastened parturition, ocyodinic consumption is: the ocyodinic that every kilogram of raun is used HCG500-1000 international unit to add LRH 15-25 microgram to be combined into is injected and hastened parturition, every kilogram of milter is injected identical ocyodinic, dosage is 50% of raun, pitocin response time is 25 hours, inject and after 25 hours, ordinary white basin is dried, then with towel, the water on the parent population body surface water of having caught and fish head is dried, female parent population fish-egg is clamp-oned in basin, the soon seminal fluid of milter of existing side by side is also clamp-oned in basin, then with feather or other soft materials, stir, seminal fluid and smart ovum are fully mixed and keep making for 2-3 minute ovum to be all fertilized, after fertilized egg stress release boot, stress relief flap, just putting into hatchery carries out Lotic hatching and breeds out spray seedling, in hatchery, cultivate spray seedling after 5-6 days and can go out pond, it is that hybridized prussian carp seed is cultivated in the pond of 3 mu that the spray seedling that above-mentioned two kinds of methods are bred out is put into area that pretreatment is good, the concrete grammar of cultivating hybridized prussian carp seed is: hybridized prussian carp spray seedling 1,500,000 tails of putting long 0.5 cm of individual specification selecting by spilling water seed selection seedling method in pond in a suitable place to breed, 1,500,000 tail water flowers seedling are cultivated and grow into hybridized prussian carp seed to 30 angel's spray seedling in 25 days in pond, in cultivating hybridized prussian carp seed process every day the Powdered serial feed of hybridized prussian carp seed that all needs to throw something and feed, this crude protein content of feed should be not less than 36%, before May 4, hybridized prussian carp seed being gone out to pond sells,
Second batch is to breed and cultivate silver carp May 5 to June 4, bighead, grass carp seed, first method is: with naturally hastening parturition, insemination method is first bred out silver carp, bighead, grass carp spray seedling, in each parent fish, ratio maternal and male parent is 1: 1, the water temperature of breeding in the hatchery of spray seedling should reach more than 22 ℃, while hastening parturition, select the full silver carp of lower abdomen, bighead, grass carp parent hasten parturition, ocyodinic consumption: parent grass carp: the every kilogram of disposable injection ocyodinic of raun LRH-A 15 micrograms, the every kilogram of disposable injection ocyodinic of milter LRH-A 7.5 micrograms, parent silver carp and bighead all adopt mixing ocyodinic to promote the sexual maturity, concrete dosage and using method are: every kilogram of raun divides biphasic injection LRH-A 15 micrograms to add HCG 300 international units, inject for the first time LRH-A 5 micrograms, after 8 hours, inject for the second time LRH-A 10 micrograms and add HCG 300 international units, every kilogram of above-mentioned identical ocyodinic of milter injection, its dosage is 50% of raun dosage, pitocin response time is 21 hours, and 21 hours relief parent populations of injection ocyodinic carry out natural spawning and insemination naturally in hatchery, second method is: use dry method artificial insemination, ordinary white basin is dried, then with towel, the water on parent population body surface water and fish head is dried, raun fish-egg is clamp-oned in basin, the soon seminal fluid of milter of existing side by side is clamp-oned in basin, with feather or other soft materials, stir, seminal fluid and fish-egg are fully mixed evenly and keep making for 2-3 minute ovum all naturally to inseminate, the fertilized egg that above-mentioned two kinds of methods are produced is all directly moved to be put in hatchery and is made it hatch spray seedling, spray seedling was cultivated after 5-6 days in hatchery can go out pond, by cultivating spray seedling after 5-6 days, to put into area that pretreatment is good be that silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed are cultivated in the pond of 3 mu, in cultivating process, all need the feed of throwing something and feeding every day, the feed of cultivating grass carp seed is the Powdered feed of various grass carp series, and its crude protein content should reach 30%, the feed of cultivating silver carp, bighead seed be take soybean milk as main feed, also can throw something and feed silver carp, the Powdered serial feed of bighead, its crude protein content of feed should be not less than 32%, above-mentioned silver carp, bighead, grass carp spray seedling are cultivated in pond just becomes silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed in 25 days to 30 days afterwards, before June 4, silver carp, bighead, grass carp seed is gone out to pond and sells,
The 3rd batch is to breed and cultivate freshwater shrimp small dimension seed June 5 to July 20, from starting to select individual large good freshwater shrimp as parent 1-2 month, female shrimp body length is more than 5.5 centimetres, the length of male shrimp individuality is more longer than the length of female shrimp individuality, parent shrimp is put into parent shrimp culture pond with the standard of thousand grams/acre of 30-40 and cultivates, and the ratio of its female shrimp and male shrimp is 3 ︰ 1, initial stage in May can be seen indivedual shrimp with ovums, along with water temperature raises, the ratio of shrimp with ovums increases gradually, June 5 rose when water temperature reaches 25-26 ℃, the gene of turning out in parent shrimp culture pond are good, strong stress resistance, healthy and strong, action is active, appendage is complete, it is the pond of 3 mu that 24 kilograms of the female shrimps of oogenesis of gonadal maturation are put into area that pretreatment is good, the female shrimp of oogenesis natural breed in pond goes out freshwater shrimp seedling, to the freshwater shrimp seedling Powdered feed of various freshwater shrimps series of throwing something and feeding, in its feed, crude protein content should reach 42%, in pond, cultivate the freshwater shrimp small dimension seed of cultivating individual long 0.7-0.8cm after 25 days to 30 days, before July 20, freshwater shrimp in pond was all fished for out to pond, freshwater shrimp small dimension seed wherein can be used as the 4th batch and cultivates freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed,
The 4th batch is to cultivate freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed July 21 to December 30, played the 3rd batch of long 75 kilograms of further freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds of cultivating of freshwater shrimp small dimension seed for 0.7-0.8cm of the healthy and strong individuality of turning out above throwing on July 21 in 3 mu of good large ponds of pretreatment, in pond, bighead is put in collocation in a suitable place to breed simultaneously, each 30 tails of chub fry, the Powdered feed of various freshwater shrimp series needs in feeding process to throw something and feed, in its feed, crude protein content should reach 40%, to December 30, can cultivate the freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed of individual long 2.5-3cm, can cultivate simultaneously one age bighead, silver carp fingerling, before January 15 next year by freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed and one age bighead, silver carp fingerling goes out pond and sells,
(2), spilling water seed selection seed: respectively to breeding in Zhong Huo pond, hatchery, one batch of hybridized prussian carp seed cultivating, regrowth hair silver carp, grass carp, bighead seed, three batches of freshwater shrimp small dimension seeds and four batches of freshwater shrimp large size seedling seeds use spilling water seed selection mode to select unblemished fish, shrimp seed, concrete selection is: fry kind or shrimp seed that first will seed selection draw in the net respectively to catch, the seed band water that draws in the net to catch is put into net cage, long 2.2 meters of cage size, wide 1.1 meters, dark 0.8 meter, pull net cage to make in net cage water be flowing water shape and flow, now in net cage, gene are good, the good seed of strong stress resistance comes toward upstream with current, and the seed of swimming toward upstream is high-quality seed, otherwise can not be exactly inferior seed toward the seed of upstream trip, selects respectively the hybridized prussian carp of high-quality, silver carp, bighead and grass carp seed, freshwater shrimp small dimension seed and freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed, wherein hybridized prussian carp, silver carp, the individual specification length of the seed of grass carp and bighead is 3-4 cm, the individual specification of freshwater shrimp small dimension seed is long is 0.7-0.8cm, and the individual specification of freshwater shrimp large size seedling seed is long is 2.5-3cm,
(3), to the feed that it is suitable that each seed is fed, the feed of each fishes and shrimps seed all be take the silkworm chrysalis that vegetable protein is converted into animal protein and is the main cured feed of making, silkworm chrysalis should account for the more than 22% of feed total amount, other feedstuffs of arranging in pairs or groups are mutually dried fish, dusty yeast, shrimp med, conch meal, soybean meal, flour, the weight ratio of each feedstuff is determined with the adjustment of state of the art formula, but in feed, crude protein content should reach the requirement of various fry kinds and shrimp seed, above-mentioned Feed Energy improves the nutritional need of various fishes and shrimps seeds, in silkworm chrysalis, juvenile hormone can strengthen the immunologic function of fry kind and the premunition of enhancing fry kind, cultivate physique strong, the fry kind of neat specification, silkworm chrysalis moulting hormone can also improve the molt rate of freshwater shrimp seed, growth rate and survival rate, physique can be cultivated strong, neat specification and individual large freshwater shrimp seed, take fishes and shrimps seed to the feedstuff feeding amount of fishes and shrimps seed every day is standard from the 5%-8% of weight, throw something and feed every day three times, it is respectively at 8 o'clock in the morning, 12: 30 noon and at 5 o'clock in afternoon,
Four, regulating and controlling water quality: the water depth of cultivating the pond of various fishes and shrimps seeds should be controlled between 0.45m-0.85m, high temperature season, when water temperature reaches 28-30 ℃, the pond water degree of depth should be controlled at 1.30m left and right, the pH value of water in pond, dissolved oxygen amount and water transparency mainly regulate by fill with clear water in pond, every 10 days of May was filled with clear water once in pond, every 3 days of 6-August was filled with clear water once in pond, to pond in fill with clear water once in every 7 days September to 12 part, fill with generally at noon 12 o'clock clear water time, available 3 writing brush water pumps are filled with clear water 2 hours in 3 mu of large ponds, actual irrigation period and irrigation quantity should suitably be adjusted according to weather condition and water body situation, for increasing dissolved oxygen in water in pond, open the vertical type oxygenation machine oxygenation in pond noon every day, the oxygenation time is about 3 hours, make like this water body in pond, water quality remains in good state, the pH value of water in pond is remained between 6.8-7.3, make in pond more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water remains on 5.5 mg/litre, the transparency of water body in pond is remained between 20-30cm,
Five, high temperature season is suitably used biologic product, uses EM probiotic biologic product when temperature reaches 30-35 ℃, and usage and dosage is: in every 666 cubic metres of pond waters, once use 1100ml EM probiotic, within every 8 days, use once.
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