CN210094213U - Rice, fishing and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system - Google Patents
Rice, fishing and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210094213U CN210094213U CN201920332259.4U CN201920332259U CN210094213U CN 210094213 U CN210094213 U CN 210094213U CN 201920332259 U CN201920332259 U CN 201920332259U CN 210094213 U CN210094213 U CN 210094213U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rice, fish and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system, which divides a pond into a breeding area, a water smooth area, a field plate and an open water buffer area; the water smooth area is positioned at the water outlet end of the culture area, and the bottom of the water smooth area is lower than the bottom of the culture area; the open water buffer zone is positioned at the water inlet end of the culture zone, and the bottom of the open water buffer zone is lower than the bottom of the culture zone; the field plate surrounds the culture area, the water smooth area and the open water buffer area and is in a concave shape, and a circular ditch is dug along the pond ridge at the edge of the field block; arranging a first water-resisting belt to divide the field block into a rice and shrimp breeding area and an ecological purification area; a second water-stop strip is arranged along the water flow direction from the water inlet end of the culture area far away from the pond ridge end, so that the water body circularly flows in an O shape along the culture area, the water smooth area, the rice and shrimp breeding area, the ecological purification area and the open water buffer area. The utility model provides a processing of the tail abandonment of high density breed and the fertilization problem of paddy field planting and breeding, realized the high-efficient utilization of system's resource, tail water, tail abandonment zero release.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the aquaculture field relates to a system is grown in circulation of rice fishing shrimp.
Background
The main modes of aquaculture in China include pond culture, cage culture, large-water-surface culture and industrialized (facility) culture. The existing aquaculture mode has different degrees of problems in the aspects of effective utilization of water resources, land (water area) resources and feed resources, and in the aspects of environmental impact resistance and environmental impact, extensive growth modes face great environmental, policy, social and other aspects of pressure, and the necessary conversion is urgently needed to be implemented.
Problems in pond culture:
(1) lack of good breed variety
At present, most aquaculture varieties are wild types which are not subjected to genetic improvement in a domestication process, have strong adaptability to changes of environmental temperature and the like, but are more expressed as poor adaptability to changes of aquaculture environments, such as density change, nutritional conditions, pathogen invasion and deteriorated water environments and the like. The scale and the benefit of the culture are uncontrollable.
(2) Aggravated environmental load in fishery waters
The ecological environment of fishery in China is deteriorated day by day, on one hand, a large amount of industrial and agricultural sewage rich in organic matters, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus and organic pesticides enters a culture water area, so that the culture water quality is deteriorated, and the survival and growth of culture species are seriously influenced; on the other hand, as the intensification degree of the aquaculture industry is deepened, a large amount of residual baits and the excrement of aquatic animals accelerate the endogenous pollution of the water body. Meanwhile, the aquaculture water body with intensified eutrophication needs to be replaced by new water, and tail water needs to be discharged, so that precious fresh water resources are wasted, and the environmental burden of surrounding lakes, rivers and other water areas is also intensified.
At present, the existing industrial aquaculture in China is mainly suitable for industrial aquaculture, relies on a large amount of infrastructure construction, has high investment and risk, high operation cost and high tail water purification cost, cannot be effectively combined with large-area pond aquaculture, and is gradually eliminated in production.
The development trend of social industrialization and the development level of a world advanced culture mode indicate that pond ecological industrialized circulating water culture is an important mode of future aquaculture, and the core characteristic of recycling purified aquaculture water is achieved, so that electricity, water and land are saved, the aquatic products are evenly listed, the tail water of aquaculture reaches the standard and is discharged even zero, and the strategic requirements of circular economy, energy conservation, emission reduction and economic growth mode conversion proposed by the current country are met. Based on the above, the applicant provides 'a pond (rice and fish) ecological industrialized circulating water culture and purification system', which realizes the recycling and regeneration of high-density culture waste. The high-density culture water tank of the system is a basic frame formed by connecting ferrochromium through gas welding, polyethylene canvas is laid on the bottom surface and the left and right side surfaces of the basic frame, although the polyethylene canvas has lower cost, the polyethylene canvas is easy to age, the service life is limited, and fish bodies are injured; in addition, the system is provided with a 2.2kW power submersible water-pushing aerator on the outer side frame of the water inlet of each water tank so as to push water flow, so that the energy consumption is high, the water flow efficiency is relatively low, residual bait and excrement are easily deposited on the surface of the polyethylene canvas, and the water quality in the water tank is influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a not enough of mode is planted to current aquaculture mode, paddy field, provide a system is planted in circulation of rice fishing shrimp, improve unit soil economic output, adopt the integrated mode of "high-yield high-efficient breed mode + ecological breed mode of rice shrimp", on the basis of fish is bred to the high-density high efficiency, adopt the rice to carry out purification treatment to breeding the tail water to make the unit area waters output improve, reach environmental benefit and economic benefits's unification, realize breeding production process quality of water up to standard, breed the water zero release.
The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme:
a rice, fish and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system divides a pond into a culture area 1 for high-density culture of fishes, a water smooth area 2, a field plate and an open water buffer area 8 along the water flow direction; the culture area 1 is close to a pond ridge and comprises a plurality of longitudinal cuboid culture water tanks side by side, the water smooth area 2 is positioned at the water outlet end of the culture area, and the open water buffer area 5 is positioned at the water inlet end of the culture area; the field plate surrounds the culture area 1, the water open area 2 and the open water buffer area 8 and is concave, and annular ditches are excavated along the pond ridge at the edge of the field block; a first water-resisting strip 6 is arranged at one side of the culture area far away from the pond ridge along the water inlet end of the culture area to divide the field block into a rice and shrimp breeding area and an ecological purification area; a second water-stop strip 7 is arranged along the water flow direction from the water inlet end of the culture area 1 far away from the pond ridge end, so that water circularly flows along the culture area 1, the water smooth area 2, the rice and shrimp breeding area, the ecological purification area and the open water buffer area 8 in an O shape.
The ratio of the length, the width and the height of the culture water tank is about 8.8:2: 1. Specifically, the specification of the cultivation water tank is as follows (outer size): length 22m, width 5m, height 2.5 m.
The cultivation water tank comprises a basic frame, stainless steel plates are laid on the bottom and the left and right side faces of the basic frame, a vertical water baffle 10 is arranged at the bottom of the water inlet end of the water tank to prevent the water inlet end of the cultivation water tank from returning, a water inlet end net grid 11 is arranged along the upper edge of the water baffle 10 to play a dual role of smooth water flow of the cultivation water tank and blocking, an air distribution tank 12 with an open upper part is arranged outside the water baffle 10 of the cultivation water tank, a horizontal air supply pipe 13 for supplying air by an air blower arranged on a ridge is arranged at the lower part of the air distribution tank 12, a plurality of L-shaped air distribution pipes 14 with equal distance are arranged at the top of the air supply pipe, and the air outlets of the air distribution; the air distribution pipes in the culture area are pushed by the same blower (the power of the blower is 5.5kW) to push water to enter the culture water tank through the front-section filter mesh to longitudinally flow and play a role in increasing dissolved oxygen; microporous aeration pipes 21 are distributed at the bottom of the culture water tank at equal intervals so as to be beneficial to the balance of dissolved oxygen of the water body in the whole tank; the air distribution pipe and the microporous aeration pipe are supplied with air by respective independent blowers, and the dissolved oxygen in water is maintained at 6-7 mg/L; the water outlet end of the cultivation water tank is provided with a water outlet end mesh grid 15.
The height of the water baffle 10 is 2/5-1/2 about the height of the cultivation water tank, and the width of the water baffle is equal to the width of the water tank. The air outlet of the air distribution pipe 14 is 0.15-0.3 m higher than the upper edge of the water baffle, and preferably 0.2 m. In the specific technical scheme, the height of the water baffle 10 is 1-1.25 m.
The utility model discloses arrange the gas distribution pipe in the gas distribution case, reduced rivers to the impact force of gas distribution pipe. The vertical tube of the air distribution tube 14 is connected with the air distribution branch tube 13, and the horizontal tube of the air distribution tube extends out of the air distribution box 12.
The number of the air distribution pipes 14 is 5-8, preferably 6.
The air supply pipe 13 of each cultivation water tank is communicated with an air supply main pipe of the blower, and a valve for controlling the air distribution is arranged at the air inlet of the air supply pipe 13.
As the utility model discloses lay the preferred technical scheme of micropore aeration pipe, vertically set up gas-supply pipe 20 along breeding the basin, lay micropore aeration pipe 21 along the gas-supply pipe equidistance and make it lay in breeding the basin bottom, two adjacent micropore aeration pipe 21 interval 2 m. The air pipes in the culture area are supplied with air by the same blower (with the blower power of 3.5 kW).
In order to facilitate the installation and the removal of the net sheets, the left side wall and the right side wall of the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the culture water tank are respectively provided with a clamping groove for fixing a water inlet end net grid and a water outlet end net grid.
The clamping groove is formed by welding a stainless steel square tube on the side wall. Preferably, two rows of clamping grooves are respectively arranged on the left side wall and the right side wall of the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the cultivation water tank, two layers of water inlet end net grids are arranged at the water inlet end of the cultivation water tank, and two layers of water outlet end net grids are arranged at the water outlet end of the cultivation water tank.
The water inlet end mesh and the water outlet end mesh are stainless steel wire meshes with meshes of 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5 cm.
Glass fiber reinforced plastic grids are respectively paved between the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the culture area and the culture water tank and the pond ridge which are close to the pond ridge to form a footpath 9. Furthermore, a glass fiber reinforced plastic grid is laid between two adjacent culture water tanks to form a footpath 9.
The basic frame is formed by welding 304 stainless steel pipes, and the bottom end of the basic frame is fixed at the bottom of the pond.
Be equipped with the machine of feeding at every cultivation basin front end, be equipped with fan-shaped baffle, be equipped with the rectangle baffle above fan-shaped baffle in the bait export the place ahead of machine of feeding, make the fodder from the accurate inside to the basin of below export, prevent that the machine of feeding from throwing the fodder out the basin and leading to extravagant.
A disinfection hanging bag is hung at the front section of the cultivation water tank.
Open water buffer 8 and water open area 2 are respectively arranged at the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the culture area 1, other animals and plants are not cultivated except for culturing phytoplankton, a natural water surface oxygen enrichment state is built, and water circulation and exchange around the water tank are facilitated. The bottom of the water open area 2 is lower than the bottom of the culture area 1 so as to be beneficial to installing a sewage collecting hopper and simultaneously beneficial to natural sedimentation of residual fish excrement and residual bait in the effluent of the culture area so as to purify the water quality; furthermore, the eel grass and the local native aquatic grass can be naturally sown in the water open area 2. The bottom of the pool of the open water buffer zone 8 is lower than the bottom of the culture zone 1 so as to prevent mud particles from entering the culture zone 1 along with water flow, the open water buffer zone 8 is free of shielding and covering, a large number of phytoplankton can be easily cultured, photosynthesis is enhanced, the dissolved oxygen of the water body is improved, and a living water source rich in primary productivity is provided for the culture zone.
The plane of the field plate is 0.8-1.0 m lower than the top of the ridge, the width of the upper plane of the annular ditch 5 is not less than 10m, and the ditch bottom of the annular ditch is 1.5-2 m lower than the plane of the field plate; the bottom of the culture area is lower than the bottom of the circular ditch by 60-80 cm; the bottom of the water open area 2 is 60-70 cm lower than the bottom of the culture area 1; the bottom of the open water buffer zone 8 is 20cm lower than the bottom of the culture zone 1; through reforming transform the pond, not only can guarantee the unobstructed of breed basin flowing water, can make the water only flow along the ring groove simultaneously according to the planting condition, teds or keeps the lower water level of field plate in order to do benefit to aquatic plant's growth to the field plate.
The method is characterized in that aquatic plants are planted on the slope surface of the circular ditch 5 surrounding the rice and shrimp planting area 3, the depth of the circular ditch is more than 1.5m, a good growing and inhabiting environment is mainly provided for cultured lobsters, the temperature of the bottom layer in summer is low, the high-temperature risk is favorably reduced, the yield and the quality of the crayfishes are improved, the crayfishes are used as one of plant nutrient sources of the crayfishes, and the dual functions of purifying water quality are achieved; rice is planted in the rice and shrimp planting area 3, a diving layer of the rice planting area not only has a large amount of biological bait resources, but also provides shading for the crayfish, provides a growing environment similar to a natural beach water area, the movement of the crayfish in the rice field is beneficial to removing pests, weeds and diseased leaves under the rice field, loosens soil and increases fertilizer for the rice field, water body free exchange of a circular ditch and a field plate is realized, solid waste discharged by the breeding area is adsorbed by a developed root system of the rice, waste is directly changed into valuable, and fertilizer required by the growth of the rice is converted into green and safe rice; anti-escape walls are arranged around the pond ridge corresponding to the rice and shrimp breeding area 3, and the bottoms of the anti-escape walls are inserted on the slope surface of the circular trench, so that the bottoms of the anti-escape walls are immersed in water when the circular trench is filled with water, crayfishes are prevented from reaching the slope surface of the circular trench close to the top of the pond ridge, and digging holes and escaping outside the pond are avoided; an isolation net is arranged in a circular ditch at the junction of the rice and shrimp breeding area and the ecological purification area to prevent lobsters from entering the ecological purification area.
Preferably, the escape-proof wall is selected from a plastic net or a calcium-plastic plate; the isolation net is a plastic net.
Emergent aquatic plants are planted in the ecological purification area 8; the emergent aquatic plants are lotus roots, the row spacing of the lotus roots is 1-1.5 meters, the plant spacing is 1-1.5 meters, and the diffused lotus roots are removed at the end of each year; further, silver carps and bighead carps are intercropped in the ecological purification area, 10 silver carps per mu and 200-400 g/tail of specification, 5 bighead carps per mu and 200-400 g/tail of specification, and the silver carps and bighead carps reach the commodity specification in the same year.
The area ratio of the breeding area 1 to the rice and shrimp breeding area 3 is 1: 20-30, and the area ratio of the rice and shrimp breeding area 3 to the ecological purifying area 4 is 5-6: 1.
The rice, fishing and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system also comprises a sewage suction and discharge system, wherein the sewage suction and discharge system comprises a sewage collection tank 16, a discharge pipe and a three-stage sedimentation tank; the sewage collecting tank 16 is positioned at the water outlet end of the culture water tank and is used for collecting residual baits and fish excrement, the upper edge of the sewage collecting tank is lower than the upper edge of the culture water tank (the height of the upper edge of the sewage collecting tank is about 1/2 of the height of the upper edge of the culture water tank), a plurality of sewage collecting funnels 17 in an inverted square cone shape are arranged at the bottom of the sewage collecting tank 16, and a sewage discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the sewage collecting funnels 17 and is connected with the water inlet of the third-level sedimentation tank through a sewage discharge; tertiary sedimentation tank including the first order sedimentation tank that connects gradually, second level sedimentation tank and third level sedimentation tank, three sedimentation tank two liang are total to the wall, first order sedimentation tank and second level sedimentation tank are total to be equipped with the overflow mouth along being equipped with on the lateral wall of wall, second level sedimentation tank is total to be equipped with the delivery port bottom with the third level sedimentation tank, the supernatant fluid of third level sedimentation tank overflows to paddy field cultivation district, it causes sludge impact paddy field and certain COD is too high in the paddy field to avoid mud directly to discharge into the paddy field, the bottom of the year production finishes regularly clears up tertiary sedimentation tank bottom and gives up useless admittedly, spill into the rice shrimp and breed the district and be used as paddy field base fertilizer.
Preferably, every breed basin corresponds and sets up 4 dirty funnels of collection, not only can reduce the degree of depth of bottom funnel installation, effectively reduces material and construction cost, can effectively improve the collection rate of incomplete bait, excrement and urine in the tail water simultaneously. The sewage collecting hoppers of every two breeding water tanks are connected with the same sewage discharge pipe.
The three-stage sedimentation tank is located in a rice and shrimp breeding area and is of a brick-concrete structure, sedimentation materials are not placed in the tank, sediments are naturally settled, and wastewater directly overflows and enters a rice field for irrigation and fertilization. The total length of the three-stage sedimentation tank is 6-9 m, the width is 3m, the depth is 1.2-1.5 m, and the length of the first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage sedimentation tank and the third-stage sedimentation tank is equal. In order to realize circulation of supernatant overflowing from the third-stage sedimentation tank to obtain high resource fertilization, the third-stage sedimentation tank is preferably arranged at the water inlet end of the rice and shrimp breeding area close to the open water area.
The top of the three-stage sedimentation tank is provided with a cover plate, so that sundries such as rainwater, leaves and the like are prevented from entering the three-stage sedimentation tank.
Based on the utility model discloses the method that the system realized rice fishing shrimp kind and supported, include:
(1) putting the fish seeds in a culture water tank of the culture area;
(2) and daily management: maintaining the dissolved oxygen in the culture water tank at 6-7 mg/L; feeding expanded floating feed with protein over 32% in the culture area; a sewage pump is started to discharge sewage at regular time every morning and evening, and waste at the bottom of a sewage collection funnel is discharged to a third-stage sedimentation tank; a regular disinfection mode of iodine for low temperature and chlorine for high temperature is adopted;
(3) and tail water circulation purification of the culture area: kinetic energy is provided through the air distribution pipe, tail water in the culture area sequentially enters the culture area 1, the water smooth area 2, the rice and shrimp seed culture area, the ecological purification area and the open water buffer area 5, and fish excrement, residual bait and the like in the tail water are subjected to in-situ resource utilization through rice, aquatic plants, emergent aquatic plants and/or floating plants and then enter the culture area again.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
preparation before cultivation: in winter, draining pond water, cleaning the pond, sterilizing, drying the pond in the sun, and then fertilizing, field rotary tillage, anti-escape wall setting, circular ditch water injection and aquatic weed planting;
the method for planting the aquatic weeds comprises the following steps: the water inlet and the water outlet of the pond are provided with the separation net to prevent wild trash fish and the like from entering the pond; injecting new water into the circular ditch, planting aquatic weeds on the slope surface of the circular ditch surrounding the rice and shrimp planting area 3, wherein the distance between the aquatic weeds is 40-55 cm, and then continuously injecting the new water into the circular ditch to ensure that the water level just submerges the top of the aquatic weeds; the waterweeds are mainly planted with the waterweeds and the hydrilla verticillata, and a small amount of the spun gold grass and the tape grass (the total planting area of the waterweeds and the hydrilla verticillata in the annular ditch is 5-6: 1), so that the waterweeds can be ensured not to grow excessively according to the planting density, and the growth speed of the waterweeds and the water grass eating amount of the crayfish are kept balanced.
Ecological clean area: in 3-4 months, planting lotus roots in 8 ecological purification areas, wherein the row spacing of the lotus roots is 1-1.5 meters, and the plant spacing is 1-1.5 meters; silver carp and bighead carp are intercropped, 10 silver carp per mu, 200-400 g/tail specification, 5 bighead carp per mu, 200-400 g/tail specification.
A culture area: in the month of 4, a single fingerling is put into each breeding water tank, wherein the fingerlings are pelteobagrus fulvidraco and grass carp, the size of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerling is 40-60 fish/kg, and the size of the grass carp is 8-10 fish/kg.
And (3) feed management: feeding 32% protein expanded floating feed; feeding twice a day, pm10:00 and am15:00, wherein the feeding interval is 5s and the time duration is 10min, and the feeding is gradually adjusted according to weather, ingestion intensity and fish carrying amount. The amount of the feed is fed in a single time by stopping most of the fish from feeding and only leaving a small amount of fish to feed. And in the later stage, along with the growth of the fish body, the yield of the water tank is increased, the feeding frequency and the daily feeding amount are gradually increased, and the fish is fed for 1 time every 2-4 hours.
And (3) regular disinfection: the disinfection mode of iodine used at low temperature and chlorine used at high temperature is as follows: when the water temperature is lower than 20 ℃, disinfecting for 1 time by using high iodine every 10 to 15 days; and (3) hanging a hanging bag at the front section of the water tank when the water temperature is higher than 20 ℃, putting chlorine dioxide into the hanging bag, and disinfecting 1 time by using the chlorine dioxide every 10-15 days.
And (3) breeding the rice and the shrimp:
a. stocking the shrimp larvae: feeding crayfish fries in months 4-5, wherein when the crayfish fries are fed, the water level of the pond is not higher than the field plate, so that the crayfish fries completely enter the circular ditch; wherein the stocking specification of the shrimp seeds is 180-220 tails/kg, and the stocking density of the shrimp seeds is 20-22 kg/mu; after the shrimp larvae are bred, the temperature is low, the breeding water level of the crayfishes in the annular ditch is kept at 60-90 cm, and aquatic plants can grow conveniently.
b. Rice planting: the rice seedling raising and transplanting method is the same as that of the conventional rice; sowing in the first ten days of 5 months, planting seedlings in the last ten days of 5 months, controlling the water level of a field plate to be kept at 5-10 cm, controlling the distance between rice plants to be 60-80 cm multiplied by 60-80 cm, controlling 10 jin of rice seeds to be left and right/mu, and planting 1-2 rice plants in each hole; the water bodies of the annular ditch and the field plate are freely exchanged, the crayfish can enter the field plate to perch, move or forage, the rice not only provides a perching place for the crayfish, but also can reduce the water temperature of the pond by 1-2 ℃ in summer, so that the crayfish can be kept at a proper temperature to quickly grow; according to the planting density, the cultivation water body can be effectively purified, and high-quality rice can be additionally obtained.
c. Planting and breeding management: in the crayfish breeding process, daily management work such as water level control, bait feeding, disease control and the like is carried out, effective tillering of rice is guaranteed through the water level control, rice straw lodging caused by severe weather such as storm and the like of the rice is prevented, meanwhile, artificial synthetic fertilizer and the like are not added, breeding waste inside a resource utilization system is recycled, the risk that the rice is infected with diseases and insect pests such as stem borers and rice planthoppers due to pesticide application is reduced, and the quality and the benefit of the rice are improved;
the water level is controlled as follows: after seedlings are planted for 2-3 weeks, rice enters the early stage of tillering, and the water level of the central field is preferably controlled to be 20-30 cm at the moment, so that tillering is facilitated; after the rice enters the tillering stage, the rice grows rapidly, the water level is gradually increased according to the plant height on the basis of the water level (20-30 cm), but the water level does not submerge heart leaves; in the stage of rice jointing and booting, the water level of a field in the center of the pond is kept at 50-80 cm, and chilo suppressalis and tryporyza incertulas are prevented; in the grouting and maturing period of the rice, the water level of the central field is kept at 5-10 cm, and rice planthoppers are prevented and controlled conveniently; in order to ensure the growth safety of aquatic animals, the field is not baked in high-temperature days, and the fields are properly baked at the beginning of 7 months and the beginning of 9 months; and finishing the filling in 10 months, and binding adjacent rice plants to prevent the rice straws from lodging.
d. Cultivating and catching commercial shrimps: in 6-8 months, after the crayfishes reach the standard of the market, catching the crayfishes by using a procambarus clarkii grading ground cage, only capturing commodity shrimps reaching the standard of the market according to the requirement, and enabling juvenile shrimps to escape freely in a grading area, so that the damage to the crayfishes in the capturing and sorting process is reduced, and the survival rate of the shrimps returning to the pond is improved; and continuing to carry out daily management such as bait feeding, disease control and the like on the crayfishes stored in the pond;
e. harvesting rice: in 11 ten days in the middle of the month, when 85-90% of rice ears and grain husks turn yellow, water in a pond field plate is slowly drained in windless and rainless weather according to weather forecast conditions, the time lasts for 7-15 days, the water level is preferably 3-5 cm every day, and rice is prevented from lodging due to the fact that water is quickly removed; after draining water, baking and drying the field plate until the soil is hard; when more than 95% of rice ears and grains turn yellow, seeds become hard and rice leaves turn yellow gradually, rice is harvested.
The rice variety is 46 south round-grained nonglutinous rice, is 1 half and a half longer than the conventional high-stalk indica rice, and further improves the purification effect of the rice and shrimp breeding area on the tail water of the breeding area.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses through certain integrated innovation of technique and equipment system development, it combines to synthesize the system of planting and breeding with high-density batch production farming systems and rice shrimp, let the pond culture benefit reach the effect of batch production, the ring groove and rice district constitute "the rice fishing is synthesized and is planted the district" environmental benefit outstanding, basin and buffer zone constitute "high density culture area" and breed the benefit outstanding, the processing of the tail abandonment of high density breed has not only been effectively solved, realize the utilization, the fertilization problem of planting and breeding the system in paddy field has also been solved, the high-efficient utilization of system resource has been realized, the tail water, the zero release of tail abandonment. And the culture risk and the investment are maintained at a lower level, and the win-win situation of culture economic benefit and environmental benefit can be realized by effectively combining the current nationwide large-scale pond culture.
The concrete expression is as follows:
(1) the culture area of the utility model takes stainless steel as material, is durable, and the laying of the stainless steel plate in the water tank does not damage the fish body and is not easy to deposit residual bait and excrement; high-density aquaculture is carried out in the aquaculture water tank, and a centralized high-input, high-output and short-period efficient aquaculture mode is realized;
(2) the water pushing efficiency is greatly improved by adjusting the water pushing mode at the water inlet end of the culture area and providing kinetic energy by the air blower at the water inlet end of the culture water tank, the water changing frequency in the water tank is increased, the flowing purification efficiency is greatly improved, the water body circularly flows in a field block and an open water buffer area formed by the culture area, the smooth water area, the rice and shrimp breeding area and the ecological purification area for culturing fishes at high density, the flowing water is not rotten, the solid excrement of the tail water provides rich fertilizer resources for rice, aquatic plants in the rice and shrimp breeding area and aquatic plants in the ecological purification area, the rice adsorption in the rice and shrimp breeding area is mainly used, the aquatic plants are purified as an auxiliary, the solid waste is recycled, the purification of the culture tail water is completed, the zero discharge of the waste is realized, and the water quality in the culture area reaches the fishery culture class 1 water standard;
(3) the cost of tail water circulation purification is reduced: the utility model discloses only need be equipped with the hydrologic cycle that an air-blower can realize whole ecosystem, this air-blower 5.5kW, can accomplish 6 basin entire system's hydrologic cycle, the comprehensive energy consumption is 3.3 degrees/(mu day), and the power consumption of the every square water body of high density breed district is only 0.2kW every day, saves 70% than the power consumption of the every square water body of conventional system 0.66kW every day, greatly reduced the power consumption. Meanwhile, the investment of pure factory culture is reduced: the circulating water culture mode formed by the industrial water tank high-efficiency culture and auxiliary purification system is combined with a pond soil pond according to local conditions, and has the advantages of easiness in manual control, land saving, water saving, low labor demand, high production rate, easiness in product capture, balanced marketing and the like.
(4) The utility model discloses be equipped with a plurality of dirty funnels of collection at every dirty tank bottom portion of collection, not only can reduce the degree of depth of bottom funnel installation, effectively reduce material and construction cost, can effectively improve incomplete bait in the tail water, faecal collection rate simultaneously, the discarded object solidification and the resource fertiliziation of being convenient for.
(5) The utility model discloses the rice uses the fish tail excrement of breeding the district tail aquatic as fertilizer, need not extra fertilization, clears away pest, weeds and sick leaf under the paddy field through the activity of crayfish in the paddy field, loosens the soil and increases fertilizer for the paddy field, and rice output can reach 360.5 kg/mu, and lobster output is more than 75 kg/mu.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a circulating rice, fish and shrimp planting and breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a culture area in the rice, fish and shrimp circulation planting and breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a cultivation water tank in the rice, fish and shrimp circulation planting and breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the water inlet end of the cultivation water tank in the rice, fish and shrimp circulation planting and breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the water outlet end of the cultivation water tank in the rice, fish and shrimp circulation planting and breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the microporous aeration pipes of the culture water tank in the rice, fish and shrimp circulation breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a rice and shrimp breeding area in the rice, fish and shrimp circulation breeding system of the utility model;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a three-stage sedimentation tank in the rice, fish and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system of the utility model;
in the figure, 1-a culture area, 2-a water-free area, 3-a rice and shrimp breeding area, 4-an ecological purification area, 5-a circular ditch, 6-a first water-resisting strip, 7-a second water-resisting strip, 8-an open water buffer area, 9-a footpath, 10-a water baffle, 11-a water inlet end grid, 12-an air distribution box, 13-an air supply pipe, 14-an air distribution pipe, 15-a water outlet end grid, 16-a sewage collection tank, 17-a sewage collection funnel, 18-an escape-preventing wall, 19-a pond ridge, 20-an air supply pipe and 21-a microporous aeration pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the following embodiments.
1 set of rice, fish and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system is built in Pukou base of fresh water aquatic product research institute in Jiangsu province, as shown in figures 1-8, the system divides a pond into a culture area 1 for high-density cultured fishes, a water smooth area 2, a field plate and an open water buffer area 8 along the water flow direction; the culture area 1 is close to a pond ridge and comprises 6 longitudinal cuboid culture water tanks side by side, the water smooth area 2 is positioned at the water outlet end of the culture area, and the open water buffer area 5 is positioned at the water inlet end of the culture area; the field plate surrounds the culture area 1, the water open area 2 and the open water buffer area 8 and is concave, and annular ditches are excavated along the pond ridge at the edge of the field block; a ridge is arranged on one side of the culture area far away from the pond ridge along the water inlet end of the culture area and serves as a first water-proof strip 6 to divide a field block into a rice and shrimp breeding area and an ecological purification area, anti-escape walls are arranged around the ridge corresponding to the rice and shrimp breeding area 3, and the bottoms of the anti-escape walls are inserted on the slope surface of the circular ditch, so that the bottoms of the anti-escape walls are immersed in water when water is injected into the circular ditch; an isolation net is arranged in a circular ditch at the junction of the rice and shrimp breeding area and the ecological purification area; a ridge is arranged along the water flow direction from the water inlet end of the culture area 1 far away from the pond ridge end to serve as a second water-resisting strip 7, so that water circularly flows along the culture area 1, the water open area 2, the rice and shrimp breeding area, the ecological purification area and the open water buffer area 8 in an O shape.
The plane of the field plate is 0.8-1.0 m lower than the top of the ridge, the upper plane width of the annular ditch 5 is 10m, and the ditch bottom of the annular ditch is 2m lower than the plane of the field plate; the bottom of the culture area is lower than the bottom of the circular ditch by 60-80 cm; the bottom of the open water area 2 is 60-70 cm lower than the bottom of the culture area 1, and the bottom of the open water buffer area 8 is 20cm lower than the bottom of the culture area 1.
The aquaculture water tank is 22m in length, 5m in width and 2.5m in depth and comprises a basic frame formed by welding 304 stainless steel pipes, the bottom end of the basic frame is fixed at the bottom of the pond, stainless steel plates are laid at the bottom and the left and right side surfaces of the basic frame, a water baffle 10 is arranged at the water inlet end of the aquaculture water tank, the height of the water baffle is 1.25m, the bottom of the aquaculture water tank is fixed on the stainless steel plate at the bottom, and the aquaculture water tank is as wide as the water tank; welding stainless steel square tubes above the water baffle on the left and right side walls of the water inlet end of the culture water tank to form two rows of clamping grooves, and inserting a stainless steel wire mesh with meshes of 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm into the clamping grooves to form a water inlet end grid 11 which is positioned on the upper edge of the water baffle 10; an air distribution box 12 with an upper opening is arranged on the outer side of the water baffle 10, a horizontal air supply pipe 13 for supplying air by a blower arranged on a ridge is arranged on the lower part of the air distribution box 12, 6L-shaped air distribution pipes 14 with equal distance are arranged on the top of the air supply pipe, the horizontal pipes of the air distribution pipes extend out of the air distribution box by 0.2m and the air outlets of the air distribution pipes face the culture water tank, so that the flow speed of the water body in the water tank is ensured to be 0.8m/s, and the flow speed of the water body in the circular ditch is 0.3 m/s; the air supply pipe 13 of each cultivation water tank is communicated with an air supply main pipe of the same blower (5.5 kW of blower power), and a valve for controlling air distribution is arranged at the air inlet of the air supply pipe 13; the air delivery pipes 20 are longitudinally arranged along the culture water tank, the microporous aeration pipes 21 are distributed along the air delivery pipes 20 at equal intervals and are laid at the bottom of the culture water tank, the distance between every two adjacent microporous aeration pipes 21 is 2m, so that the dissolved oxygen balance of the water body in the whole tank is facilitated, and the air delivery pipes in the culture area are supplied with air by the same air blower (the power of the air blower is 3.5 kW); maintaining the dissolved oxygen in water of the culture water tank at 6-7 mg/L through an air distribution pipe and a microporous aeration pipe; stainless steel square tubes are welded on the left side wall and the right side wall of the water outlet end of the culture water tank to form two rows of clamping grooves, and a stainless steel wire mesh with the mesh of 1.5cm multiplied by 1.5cm is inserted into the clamping grooves to form a water outlet end grid 15. Glass fiber reinforced plastic grids are respectively paved between the aquaculture water tanks close to the pond ridge and the pond ridge, and between two adjacent aquaculture water tanks at the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the aquaculture area to form a footpath 9. The front end of each cultivation water tank is provided with a bait casting machine, a fan-shaped baffle is arranged in front of a bait outlet of the bait casting machine, and a rectangular baffle is arranged above the fan-shaped baffle. A disinfection hanging bag is hung at the front section of the culture water tank and is used for hanging chlorine dioxide during high-temperature disinfection.
The escape-proof wall is a plastic net; the isolation net is a plastic net.
The rice, fishing and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system also comprises a sewage suction and discharge system, wherein the sewage suction and discharge system comprises a sewage collection tank 16, a discharge pipe and a three-stage sedimentation tank; the sewage collecting tank 16 is positioned at the water outlet end of the breeding water tank and used for collecting residual baits and fish excretions, the sewage collecting tanks corresponding to 6 breeding water tanks are communicated, the upper edge of each sewage collecting tank is lower than the upper edge of each breeding water tank (a footpath at the water outlet end of a breeding area is positioned above the sewage collecting tank), 4 sewage collecting hoppers 17 in an inverted square cone shape are arranged at the bottom of the sewage collecting tank 16, and a sewage discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of each sewage collecting hopper 17 and is connected with a water inlet of a three-level sedimentation tank positioned in the breeding area of the rice and shrimp through a sewage discharge pipe; settling materials are not placed in the third-stage sedimentation tank, and a cover plate is arranged at the top of the third-stage sedimentation tank; the tertiary sedimentation tank includes first order sedimentation tank, second level sedimentation tank and the third level sedimentation tank that connects gradually, and specifications such as first order sedimentation tank, second level sedimentation tank and third level sedimentation tank, the size is: the length is 2m wide 3 meters X degree of depth 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, three sedimentation tank two liang are total to the wall, first order sedimentation tank and second level sedimentation tank are total to be equipped with the overflow mouth along being equipped with on the lateral wall of wall, the second level sedimentation tank is total to be equipped with the delivery port with the third level sedimentation tank lateral wall bottom, the supernatant fluid of third level sedimentation tank overflows to paddy field cultivation district, it causes mud impact paddy field and paddy field in mud directly to discharge into the paddy field to cause the COD too high, the deposit bottom the third level sedimentation tank is executed into rice shrimp seed cultivation district as fertilizer after the rice is reaped.
The area of the annular groove is 4300m by the upper plane of the annular groove 42(ii) a The area of the rice and shrimp breeding area 3 is 12600m2The area of the ecological purifying area 4 is 1/5 of the rice and shrimp breeding area 3.
In order to enable the water smooth area 2 and the open water buffer area 8 to meet the natural sedimentation rule, the length of the water smooth area 2 is controlled to be 20m, and the width of the water smooth area is controlled to be 40 m. The open water buffer 8 has a length of 20m and a width of 40 m.
Preparation before cultivation: in winter, draining pond water, cleaning the pond, sterilizing, drying the pond in the sun, and then fertilizing, field rotary tillage, anti-escape wall setting, circular ditch water injection and aquatic weed planting; wherein, disinfection, shine the pond, fertilize, field board rotary tillage adopt CN105379646A embodiment 1, the specific operation is: after cleaning the pond, stacking quicklime on the bottom of the pond according to the dosage of 75 kg/mu, adding a proper amount of water to ensure that the quicklime has a violent chemical action after meeting water, and splashing the bottom of the pond or the bank of the pond in the whole pond when the quicklime is hardened; after the pond is solarized for several days, the pond is dried and cracked at the bottom of the pond, and organic fertilizer (chicken manure) is applied as base fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: applying chicken manure to the annular ditch according to the ratio of 500 kg/mu, and applying the chicken manure to the field according to the ratio of 150 kg/mu; and (3) turning the field by adopting a rotary cultivator, wherein the rotary tillage depth is 10-15 cm, and mixing the chicken manure into soil. The method for planting the aquatic weeds comprises the following steps: the water inlet and the water outlet of the pond are provided with the separation net to prevent wild trash fish and the like from entering the pond; and (2) injecting new water into the annular groove, planting waterweeds on the slope surface of the annular groove surrounding the rice and shrimp planting area 3, wherein the distance between the waterweeds is 40-55 cm, and then continuously injecting the new water into the annular groove to ensure that the water level is just immersed at the top of the waterweeds, wherein the waterweeds mainly plant the elodea and the hydrilla verticillata, and a small amount of the spun gold grass and the tape grass (the total planting area of the elodea and the hydrilla verticillata in the annular groove: the total planting area of the spun gold grass and the tape grass is 5-6: 1).
A culture area: 6 aquaculture water tanks with net depth of 2.5m, aquaculture water depth of about 1.8-2.0 m and net aquaculture area of 600m in aquaculture area2. In the month of 4, a single fish species was put in each cultivation tank according to table 1.
And (3) feed management: feeding 32% protein expanded floating feed; feeding twice a day, pm10:00 and am15:00, wherein the feeding interval is 5s and the time duration is 10min, and the feeding is gradually adjusted according to weather, ingestion intensity and fish carrying amount. The amount of the feed is fed in a single time by stopping most of the fish from feeding and only leaving a small amount of fish to feed. And in the later stage, along with the growth of the fish body, the yield of the water tank is increased, the feeding frequency and the daily feeding amount are gradually increased, and the fish is fed for 1 time every 2-4 hours.
And (3) regular disinfection: the disinfection mode of iodine used at low temperature and chlorine used at high temperature is as follows: sterilizing with high iodine for 1 time every 10-15 days when the water temperature is not more than 20 deg.C; the water temperature is higher than 20 ℃, a hanging bag is hung at the front section of the water tank, chlorine dioxide is put into the hanging bag, and the hanging bag is disinfected by chlorine dioxide for 1 time every 10 to 15 days.
TABLE 1 basin stocking and yield
Ecological clean area: in 3-4 months, planting lotus roots in 8 ecological purification areas, wherein the row spacing of the lotus roots is 1-1.5 meters, and the plant spacing is 1-1.5 meters; silver carp and bighead carp are intercropped, 10 silver carp per mu, 200-400 g/tail specification, 5 bighead carp per mu, 200-400 g/tail specification.
And (3) breeding the rice and the shrimp:
a. stocking the shrimp larvae: stocking crayfish fries in months 4-5, wherein when the crayfish fries are stocked, the water level of the pond is not higher than that of the central field block, so that the crayfish fries are all put into the circular ditches; wherein the stocking specification of the shrimp seeds is 200 tails/kg, and the stocking density of the shrimp seeds is 21 kg/mu; after the shrimp seedlings are bred, the temperature is low, and the breeding water level of the crayfishes in the annular ditch is kept at 30-60 cm, so that the water temperature rises quickly.
b. Rice planting: the rice variety is 46 Nanjing, and the rice seedling raising and transplanting method is the same as that of the conventional rice; sowing in the first ten days of the month 5, planting seedlings in the last ten days of the month 5, controlling the water level of a field plate to be kept at 5-10 cm, controlling the distance between rice plants to be 60-80 cm multiplied by 60-80 cm, planting rice seeds per mu about 10 jin, and planting 1-2 plants in each hole.
c. Planting and breeding management: in the crayfish breeding process, daily management work such as water level control, bait feeding, disease control and the like is carried out, effective tillering of rice is guaranteed through the water level control, rice straw lodging caused by severe weather such as storm and the like of the rice is prevented, meanwhile, the risk that the rice is infected with diseases and insect pests such as stem borers and rice planthoppers due to pesticide application is reduced, and the quality and the yield of the rice are improved;
the water level is controlled as follows: after seedlings are planted for 2-3 weeks, rice enters the early stage of tillering, and the water level of the central field is preferably controlled to be 20-30 cm at the moment, so that tillering is facilitated; after the rice enters the tillering stage, the rice grows rapidly, the water level is gradually increased according to the plant height on the basis of the water level (20-30 cm), but the water level does not submerge heart leaves; in the stage of rice jointing and booting, the water level of a field in the center of the pond is kept at 50-80 cm, and chilo suppressalis and tryporyza incertulas are prevented; in the grouting and maturing period of the rice, the water level of the central field is kept at 50-100 cm, and rice planthoppers are prevented and controlled conveniently; drying the fields at the beginning of 7 months and the beginning of 9 months properly; after the filling in the 10 months, the adjacent rice plants can be tied to prevent the rice straw from lodging.
d. Cultivating and catching commercial shrimps: after the crayfishes reach the standard of the market for 6-8 months, catching the crayfishes by using a procambarus clarkii grading ground cage (an authorized notice number CN 202435983U), only capturing the commercial crayfishes reaching the standard of the market as required, wherein the juvenile crayfishes can freely escape from a grading area, the damage to the crayfishes in the capturing and sorting process is reduced, and the survival rate of the returned crayfishes is improved; and continuing to carry out daily management such as bait feeding, disease control and the like on the crayfishes stored in the pond; the average output of the crayfishes is 78.1 kg/mu, and the market average price is 50 yuan/kg.
e. Harvesting rice: in 11 ten days in the middle of the month, when 85-90% of rice ears and rice husks turn yellow, according to the weather forecast condition, water in a central field block of the pond is slowly drained in windless and rainless weather for 7-15 days, the water level is preferably 3-5 cm every day, and the rice is prevented from lodging due to the fact that water is quickly removed; drying, and baking and sun-drying the central field until the soil is hard; when more than 95% of rice ears and grains turn yellow, seeds become hard and rice leaves gradually turn yellow, the rice is harvested, the rice yield is 360.5 kg/mu, the market price is 20 yuan/kg, and the economic rice yield is 7210 yuan/mu.
The water quality of the rice, fishing and shrimp circulating planting and breeding system changes:
in the period of 6-10 months, fishes are fed and grow vigorously, the feeding density in the culture water tank is high, and the total water quality (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and potassium permanganate indexes) is represented as that a culture area is larger than a water open area and a circular ditch area. The water quality monitoring data are shown in tables 2-6, it can be seen that the water body in the annular ditch and the rice planting area are in a free exchange state, and the root system absorbs a large amount of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body and soil during the vigorous growth period of the rice and naturally converts the nutrient elements into nutrient substances required by the growth of the rice, thereby playing the role of effectively purifying the water body.
TABLE 2 Total nitrogen variation (mg/l) in waters of different regions
| Time of day | Culture area | Region of free water | Front end of the ring channel region | Back end of the ring channel region |
| 6 months and 10 days | 3.07 | 1.53 | 0.97 | 0.97 |
| 6 months and 20 days | 1.51 | 1.24 | 1.13 | 0.97 |
| 6 months and 30 days | 1.35 | 0.57 | 0.70 | 0.45 |
| 7 month and 10 days | 1.53 | 0.93 | 1.11 | 2.03 |
| 7 month and 20 days | 1.53 | 0.98 | 1.03 | 0.68 |
| 7 month and 30 days | 1.27 | 1.51 | 1.02 | 1.13 |
| 8 month and 10 days | 2.71 | 3.21 | 2.02 | 2.19 |
| 8 month and 20 days | 2.46 | 1.75 | 2.15 | 1.67 |
| 8 month and 30 days | 2.48 | 2.82 | 2.79 | 2.04 |
| 9 month and 10 days | 1.81 | 1.34 | 1.52 | 1.49 |
| 9 month and 20 days | 1.87 | 1.28 | 2.46 | 1.52 |
| 9 month and 30 days | 2.77 | 2.53 | 2.53 | 1.67 |
| 10 months and 10 days | 2.39 | 2.21 | 2.06 | 2.25 |
| 10 months and 20 days | 3.42 | 4.24 | 2.4 | 2.17 |
Note: sampling points in the open water area: the water outlet end of the water open region close to the culture region is about the length 1/3 of the water open region; ring groove area front end sampling point: corresponding to the junction of the second waterproof strip 7 and the annular ditch along the water flow direction; ring groove area rear end sampling point: is positioned in the middle section of the ring ditch on the longer side of the ecological purification area (corresponding to the junction of the second water-resisting strip 7 and the ring ditch against the water flow direction).
TABLE 3 Total phosphorus Change (mg/l) in Water of different areas
| Culture area | Region of free water | Front end of the ring channel region | Back end of the ring channel region | |
| 6 months and 10 days | 0.36 | 0.19 | 1.00 | 0.32 |
| 6 months and 20 days | 0.25 | 0.17 | 0.19 | 0.44 |
| 6 months and 30 days | 0.18 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.11 |
| 7 month and 10 days | 0.25 | 0.16 | 0.1 | 0.72 |
| 7 month and 20 days | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.78 |
| 7 month and 30 days | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.57 |
| 8 month and 10 days | 0.32 | 0.19 | 0.19 | 0.55 |
| 8 month and 20 days | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0.47 |
| 8 month and 30 days | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.27 |
| 9 month and 10 days | 0.24 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.26 |
| 9 month and 20 days | 0.34 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.25 |
| 9 month and 30 days | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.23 |
| 10 months and 10 days | 0.34 | 0.24 | 0.28 | 0.10 |
| 10 months and 20 days | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.08 |
TABLE 4 nitrite nitrogen variation (mg/l) in different zones of water
TABLE 5 variation of permanganate index in water in different regions
| Culture area | Region of free water | Front end of the ring channel region | Back end of the ring channel region | |
| 6 months and 10 days | - | - | - | - |
| 6 months and 20 days | 21.8 | 23 | 13.1 | 24.3 |
| 6 months and 30 days | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.0 |
| 7 month and 10 days | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 4.4 |
| 7 month and 20 days | 3.5 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.9 |
| 7 month and 30 days | 5.8 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 5.6 |
| 8 month and 10 days | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
| 8 month and 20 days | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.6 |
| 8 month and 30 days | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.5 |
| 9 month and 10 days | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.7 |
| 9 month and 20 days | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 6.7 |
| 9 month and 30 days | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
| 10 months and 10 days | 5.1 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.0 |
| 10 months and 20 days | 5.9 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 5.8 |
TABLE 6 Ammonia nitrogen change (mg/l) in different zones of water
Claims (10)
1. A circulating planting and breeding system for rice, fish and shrimps is characterized in that a pond is divided into a culture area for high-density fish culture, a water smooth area, a field plate and an open water buffer area by the system; the aquaculture area is close to the pond ridge and comprises a plurality of longitudinal cuboid aquaculture water tanks side by side, the water open area is positioned at the water outlet end of the aquaculture area, and the bottom of the water open area is lower than the bottom of the aquaculture area; the open water buffer area is positioned at the water inlet end of the culture area, and the bottom of the open water buffer area is lower than the bottom of the culture area; the field plate is concave around the culture area, the water open area and the open water buffer area, and a circular ditch is excavated at the edge of the field along the pond ridge; a first water-resisting strip is arranged along the water inlet end of the culture area to divide the field block into a rice and shrimp seed culture area and an ecological purification area; a second water-stop strip is arranged along the water flow direction from the water inlet end of the culture area far away from the pond ridge end, so that the water body circularly flows along the culture area, the water smooth area, the rice and shrimp breeding area, the ecological purification area and the open water buffer area in an O shape.
2. The circulating rice, fish and shrimp planting and breeding system of claim 1, wherein the cultivation water tank comprises a base frame, stainless steel plates are laid on the bottom, the left side and the right side of the base frame, a water baffle is arranged at the bottom of the water inlet end of the water tank, a water inlet end net grid is arranged along the upper edge of the water baffle, an air distribution box with an upper opening is arranged outside the water baffle, a horizontal air supply pipe is arranged at the lower part of the air distribution box, 5-8 equidistant L-shaped air distribution pipes are arranged at the top of the air supply pipe, and the air outlets of the air distribution pipes are higher than the upper edge of the water baffle and face the cultivation water tank; arranging microporous aeration pipes at the bottom of the culture water tank at equal intervals; arranging a water outlet end net grid at the water outlet end of the culture water tank; wherein the height of the water baffle is 2/5-1/2 of the height of the cultivation water tank; the air outlet of the air distribution pipe is 0.15-0.3 m higher than the upper edge of the water baffle.
3. The circulating rice, fish and shrimp planting and breeding system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the left and right side walls of the water inlet and outlet ends of the cultivation water tank are respectively provided with a clamping groove for fixing the water inlet end net grid and the water outlet end net grid.
4. The circular rice, fish and shrimp planting and breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the plane of the field plate is 0.8-1.0 m lower than the top of the pond ridge, the width of the upper plane of the circular ditch is not less than 10m, and the bottom of the circular ditch is 1.5-2 m lower than the plane of the field plate; the bottom of the culture area is lower than the bottom of the circular ditch by 60-80 cm; the bottom of the water open area is 60-70 cm lower than the bottom of the culture area; the bottom of the open water buffer zone is 20cm lower than the bottom of the culture zone.
5. The circulating breeding system for rice, fishery and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that water plants are planted on the slope of the ring ditch around the rice and shrimp planting area; arranging escape-proof walls along the periphery of the pond ridge corresponding to the rice and shrimp culture area, and inserting the bottoms of the escape-proof walls on the slope surface of the circular trench so that the bottoms of the escape-proof walls are immersed in water when the circular trench is filled with water; an isolation net is arranged in a circular ditch at the junction of the rice and shrimp breeding area and the ecological purification area.
6. The circulating breeding system for rice, fish and shrimp according to claim 1, characterized in that emergent aquatic plants are planted in the ecological purification area to intercropped silver carps and bighead carps.
7. The circulating rice, fish and shrimp breeding system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area ratio of the breeding area to the rice and shrimp breeding area is 1: 20-30, and the area ratio of the rice and shrimp breeding area to the ecological purifying area is 5-6: 1.
8. The circulating rice, fish and shrimp planting and breeding system of claim 1, further comprising a sewage suction and discharge system, wherein the sewage suction and discharge system comprises a sewage collection tank, a sewage discharge pipe and a three-stage sedimentation tank; the sewage collecting tank is positioned at the water outlet end of the culture water tank, the upper edge of the sewage collecting tank is lower than the upper edge of the culture water tank, a plurality of inverse square conical sewage collecting funnels are arranged at the bottom of the sewage collecting tank, and a sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of each sewage collecting funnel and is connected with a water inlet of the third-stage sedimentation tank through a sewage discharge pipe; the three-stage sedimentation tank comprises a first-stage sedimentation tank, a second-stage sedimentation tank and a third-stage sedimentation tank which are sequentially connected, the three sedimentation tanks are two-two wall-sharing, the first-stage sedimentation tank and the second-stage sedimentation tank are provided with overflow ports along the upper edge of the side wall of the wall-sharing wall, the second-stage sedimentation tank and the third-stage sedimentation tank are provided with water outlets at the bottom of the side wall of the wall-sharing wall, and the supernatant of the third-stage sedimentation tank overflows to the rice and shrimp breeding area.
9. The circulating rice, fish and shrimp planting and breeding system of claim 8, wherein each cultivation water tank is provided with 4 sewage collecting hoppers.
10. The circulating breeding system for the rice, the fishing and the shrimps as claimed in claim 8, wherein the third-stage sedimentation tank is located in the rice and shrimp breeding area, and no sedimentation material is placed in the tank.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109757322A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-17 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of rice fishing shrimp circulation breeding system and rice fishing shrimp species support method |
| CN111758630A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding crayfish and controlling blue algae in rice field by utilizing microporous aeration oxygenation |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109757322A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-17 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of rice fishing shrimp circulation breeding system and rice fishing shrimp species support method |
| CN111758630A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding crayfish and controlling blue algae in rice field by utilizing microporous aeration oxygenation |
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