CN207070757U - A kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system - Google Patents
A kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207070757U CN207070757U CN201720481822.5U CN201720481822U CN207070757U CN 207070757 U CN207070757 U CN 207070757U CN 201720481822 U CN201720481822 U CN 201720481822U CN 207070757 U CN207070757 U CN 207070757U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system, the system to be separated into culture zone, one-level biological cleaning area, Biological wetland purifying area, ecological purification gallery, the biological oxidation pool, buffering area by pond；Culture zone includes the cuboid tank multiple longitudinal directions side by side；Buffering area is located at culture zone water inlet end, and one-level biological cleaning area is located at culture zone water side, and the first irrigation canals and ditches of one-level biological cleaning area are communicated with Biological wetland purifying area, separated between Biological wetland purifying area and ecological purification gallery by fishing net；Ecological purification gallery communicates through the second irrigation canals and ditches with the biological oxidation pool, ecological purification gallery area and biological oxidation pool intersection installation water pump；The biological oxidation pool is located on the left of culture zone, distinguishes and separates with culture zone, one-level biological evolution, the biological oxidation pool is separated with buffering area by fishing net.The utility model realizes centralized high investment, high production, short-period efficient aquaculture model；Cultivation tail water passes through ecological purification, whole zero-emission.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to aquaculture field, is related to a kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and is with purification
System.
Background technology
The major way of China's aquaculture has pond culture, cage culture, big water surface aquaculture, batch production (facility) to support
Grow.Existing aquaculture pattern in water resource, soil (waters) resource, effective use aspects of feed resource, and to
The problem of imperial environment influences and influenceed to go back various degrees in terms of environment, extensive growth pattern has faced larger ring
The multi-party surface pressure such as border, policy, society, there is an urgent need to implement necessary transformation.
Problem present in pond culture：
(1), excellent breed variety lacks
Aquaculture kind is mostly without the wild type of the genetic improvement of family's process at present, and environment temperature etc. is changed
Adaptability is stronger, but more shows as the bad adaptability to breeding environment change, such as variable density, nutritional condition, pathogen
Infringement and deterioration water environment etc..Cultivation scale and benefit have uncontrollability.
(2), fisheries water carrying capacity of environment is aggravated
China fishery biologic environment is worsening, on the one hand, largely rich in organic matter, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus and organic agricultural chemicals
Industrial or agricultural sewage enters Cultivated water, causes cultivation water to deteriorate, and has a strong impact on the existence and growth of cultivation species；The opposing party
Face, with the intensification of aquaculture intensive degree, a large amount of residual baits and aquatic livestock excreta also accelerate water body endogenous
Pollution.The breeding water body of eutrophication aggravation simultaneously needs more to renew water, and tail water needs to discharge, and not only wastes the fresh water of preciousness
Resource, also exacerbate the environmental pressure in the waters such as surrounding lakes, river.
At present, domestic existing industrial aquaculture is primarily adapted for use in industrial aquaculture, by substantial amounts of infrastructure construction,
High investment excessive risk, operating cost is high, and tail water purification cost is high, and the pond culture failed with large area is effectively combined.
The development level indication of the industrialized development trend of society and the advanced aquaculture model in the world, pond ecological industrialization
Circulating water cultivation by be following aquaculture important model, core feature is utilized as with breeding water purification Posterior circle, economize on electricity,
Economize on water, save land, realize that aquatic products are balanced and list, the even zero-emission of cultivation tail water qualified discharge, meet following for current country's proposition
Ring economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction, the Strategic Demand transformed mode of economic growth.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency for existing aquaculture pattern, there is provided a kind of pond ecological industrialization
Circulating water cultivation and cleaning system, industrialization cyclic culture and ecological purification pattern are taken, on the basis that high density efficiently cultivates
On quantification is carried out to each links such as the water quality in production process, water temperature, bait, epidemic prevention, soil pick-up, sorting, harvesting, tail water processing
Artificial regulatory, breed variety is set to reach most fast speed of production under the best conditions, so that unit area waters output improves,
Quality does not decline, and in water purifying by ecological engineering means, aquatic economic animal and plant of arranging in pairs or groups, reaches environmental benefit and economy
The unification of benefit, realize breeding production process water quality reaching standard, cultivation water zero discharge.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Pond is separated into culture zone, one-level by a kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system, the system
Biological cleaning area, Biological wetland purifying area, ecological purification gallery, the biological oxidation pool, buffering area；Described buffering area is positioned at cultivation
Area's water inlet end, one-level biological cleaning area are located at culture zone water side, and the first irrigation canals and ditches of one-level biological cleaning area and Biological wetland are net
Change area to communicate, water side communicates with ecological purification gallery on the left of Biological wetland purifying area, Biological wetland purifying area and ecological purification
Separated between gallery by fishing net；Ecological purification gallery communicates through the second irrigation canals and ditches with the biological oxidation pool, in ecological purification gallery
Area and biological oxidation pool intersection installation water pump, make water flow into the biological oxidation pool from ecological purification gallery by water pump；Ecological oxygen
Change the pool to be located on the left of culture zone, the biological oxidation pool is distinguished and separated by color steel and culture zone, one-level biological evolution, biological oxidation
Being separated between the pool and buffering area by fishing net ensures that water enters buffering area from the biological oxidation pool.
Described culture zone includes the cuboid tank multiple longitudinal directions side by side；Each tank includes basic framework, on basis
The bottom surface of framework and the side laying polyethylene canvas of left and right two, are provided with grid in former and later two sides of basic framework, play
The double action of unimpeded tank current and block；Described grid is stainless steel steel wire grid or flase floor, preferably stainless steel
Steel wire grid, mesh 1.5*1.5cm, the trailing flank of tank are provided with sewage draining exit, and sewage draining exit is less than bottom of gullet 10cm.
(water inlet is grid on front side of tank) pushes away aerator in water provided with diving on the outside of the water inlet of each tank, by latent
Water push away aerator in water promote water flow through front side grid enter tank longitudinal flow, and play a part of increase dissolved oxygen amount；In tank
Water inlet outer lateral extent bottom of gullet 50cm baffle plate, the high 50cm of baffle plate, anti-water stopping trough water inlet end time wide with tank are set
Water.Equidistantly it is used for micro-pore oxygenation provided with multiple bottom aeration plates in each bottom of gullet, bottom aeration plate is through gas distribution guard system
It is connected with air blower, triple valve is equipped with the air inlet pipe of each bottom aeration plate, for controlling throughput size.Aeration plate
Diameter 60cm, by adjusting aeration plate diameter, the appropriate oxygenation area radius for increasing water body and obtaining, more conducively full groove dissolved oxygen equilibrium.
Gas distribution guard system includes the gas distribution house steward being connected with blower export, water distribution branch pipe, the connection gas distribution of corresponding each tank setting
The air inlet pipe of branch pipe and bottom aeration plate, gas distributionbranch pipe arranged in parallel edge on the left surface of corresponding tank.Preferably, each
Bottom of gullet is equidistantly provided with 5 bottom aeration plates.Diving push away aerator in water and air blower power supply and pipeline it is individually arranged side by side, prevent
It is only unexpected.Dive under water and push away aerator in water power 2.2KW, 22 hours day operation time, 10:00-11:00、15:00-16:00 stops respectively
Machine 1 hour.Blower power 3KW, available machine time 18:00- next day 8:00, carry out micro-pore oxygenation.According to season and weather, suitably
Adjustment diving pushes away aerator in water and air blower available machine time, using water quality and dissolved oxygen as primary premise, financial cost is taken into account, by pushing away
Water dispenser pushes away water oxygenation and bottom aeration plate double oxygenation, maintains dissolved oxygen in water in 6-7mg/L.
Tank length-width ratio is 5:1.Specifically, tank specification is：20m*4m, along maintaining an equal level with the pond pool ridge on tank.In phase
Border on the river and be respectively equipped with corridor between groove, the tank on the nearly pond pool ridge and the pond pool ridge.
The basic framework of described tank is connected and composed by stainless steel ferrochrome gas welding, and basic framework bottom is fixed on pond bottom
Portion.
Consider the construction cost of tank：Brick wall concrete structure (construction cost, 700 yuan/m2), stainless steel
(construction cost, 1000 yuan/m2), polyethylene canvas material (construction cost, 400 yuan/m2), ecological, environmental protective characteristic, later maintenance and
The convenience of distributing adjustment, polyethylene canvas material is selected, its cost is minimum, can accomplish live according to breed variety, grow
Characteristic adjusts layout dimension.
Device for feeding fish bait is provided with each tank front end, fan shape baffle is provided with front of the bait outlet of device for feeding fish bait, is kept off in sector
Rectangle baffle plate is provided with above plate, feed is exported from below inside accurate screw clamp, prevents device for feeding fish bait from feed being dished out tank
Cause to waste outside.
Sterilization hanging bag is hung with the leading portion of tank.
Pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation described in the utility model also includes soil pick-up drainage with cleaning system,
Described soil pick-up drainage includes sewage sump, dirt sucking tube, sewage-collecting well, dredge pump, blow-off pipe, silt deposit pond；Described collection
Dirty groove is located at culture zone tail end (i.e. grid on rear side of tank) outside and is used to collect residual bait excreta, dirt collection groove width 50cm, sewage sump
Bottom be less than bottom of gullet 30cm, the front end of sewage sump communicates with the sewage draining exit of tank, and it is high that the tail end of sewage sump is provided with 80cm
Barricade, the barricade can intercept effective for tank solid waste and collect, prevent outside Pond Silt suck-back from entering sewage sump；In sewage sump
The interior each tank of correspondence is provided with sewage discharge tube, and sewage discharge tube communicates with the dirt sucking tube of dirt collection trench bottom, and sewage sump is through dirt sucking tube and dirt collection
Well connects, and the pvc pipe that sewage discharge tube is provided with plug and pull is used to control soil pick-up, blowdown；Described sewage-collecting well is cuboid deep-well, collection
The bottom of dirty well is less than bottom of gullet 2m, after dredge pump is opened, forms natural pressure suck-back, bottom of gullet discarded object (residual bait and
Excreta) through dirt sucking tube it is discharged into sewage-collecting well；Sewage-collecting well communicates through blow-off pipe with solid waste sedimentation basin, and solid waste sedimentation basin is wet positioned at ecology
In ground purifying area, solid waste sedimentation basin be surrounded by cobblestone filling form enclose the ridge, enclose ridge width 50cm, rise filtering make
With in solid waste sedimentation basin dispensing spiral shell (square Bellamya sp, 1-1.5kg/m2) form benthon purifying layer.
The bottom of sewage-collecting well is 1.5m*1.5m square, depth 5m.Sewage-collecting well is brick mix structure, and bottom is from top to bottom
Place mat 20cm thickness rubble, 10cm thickness cobblestones successively, play precipitation and filtration.Rain-proof cover is provided with the top of sewage-collecting well
Plate, the debris such as rainwater, leaf are avoided to enter sewage-collecting well, the damage in order to avoid control panel is drenched with rain.Described rainproof cover plate is aluminium alloy
" shape for hat " cover plate.The described long 5m of solid waste sedimentation basin, wide 4m, pond depth 1.8m.
It is different according to pond water level, hydraulic pressure and residual bait debris quantity, the power of dredge pump is adjusted, avoids blocking soil pick-up blowdown
System.The power 4KW of dredge pump, flow 80m3/ h, lift 20m, discharge diameter/suction bore 100mm/15mm, pump housing corrosion resistant
Erosion.
High temperature season is avoided, dispensing Tilapia mossambica 300-500 tails/mu in one-level biological cleaning area, specification 10-12 tails/jin,
By Tilapia mossambica ingest tank discharge residual bait.
On 20-April 10 March, spiral shell (square Bellamya sp, 1-1.5kg/m are launched in Biological wetland purifying area2) and freshwater mussel
(hydriopsis cumingii and wrinkle hat freshwater mussel, 5/m2), life of being dwelt at described Biological wetland purifying area inclination erection multiple fishing nets composition bottom
Thing solid purifying area, fishing net are erected on the support connected and composed by stainless steel ferrochrome gas welding, increase benthon by fishing net
Living space, increase intercept water and purified effective area.Multirow water wing band is set in the described Biological wetland purifying area water surface, often gone
Spaced 1 meter of water wing sets water wing to be used to plant fluitante formation phytoplankton band, and often the water wing on row water wing band passes through floating
Rope connection, adjacent rows water wing band is indirectly every 6 meters.Utilize indigenous benthon and fluitante structure stereo biological wetland purification
Area.Contain high concentration solid waste (residual feed and excreta etc.), the predominantly nutriment such as organic nitrogen, phosphorus in the tail water of culture zone, into suction
The solid waste sedimentation basin of dirt, discharging pollution system, enters Biological wetland purifying area after cobblestone filters, and organic nitrogen, phosphorus are benthon spiral shells
Snail and the excellent natural bait of freshwater mussel, both purified and can promote bottom dwell economic living growth.
Described ecological purification gallery is provided with a plurality of emergent vegetation zone, and adjacent emergent vegetation zone is staggered, and forms " S " shape
Gallery, to increase water stream channel length, increase the Water warfare time；Floating is provided with ecological purification gallery non-emergent aquatic plants region
Floral region, described ecological purification gallery are provided with revetment purifying area around pond protecting slope revetment.In described ecological purification gallery
Set supports aquatic products kind：10 kgs/acre of freshwater shrimp, river crab crab species (/ jin of specification 50) 200/mu, (control is wild for mandarin fish 5-10 tails/mu
Trash fish).
Described emergent vegetation zone bottom includes color steel tile enclosing, and the emergent aquactic plant being planted in enclosing, enclosing bottom
Portion embedded depth 50cm, it is used to prevent the full pool overgrowing of lotus lotus root using enclosing.22 meters of described emergent aquactic plant belt length, it is wide 3 meters.It is described
Emergent aquactic plant be lotus lotus root.Preferably, described ecological purification gallery sets 3 emergent vegetation zones.
Described fluitante area includes being used for floating frame and the fluitante for planting fluitante, builds aquatic economy
Plant growth space, the area in fluitante area account for the 0.5-1% of ecological purification gallery area；Described floating frame include by
Framework, the fishing net being laid on framework made of pvc pipe, set two pvc pipes to improve floating frame along floating frame length direction and consolidate
Property, and floating frame is separated into 3 homalographic grids.Framework specification：Long * is wide=6m*1m.
Fluitante described in the utility model is water spinach, is planted May time, growth time May-November
(growth clarification time and fish body high-speed rapid growth time are more consistent), in the 6-9 month plant growth busy seasons, was gathered in 1 time per 15-20 days
Water spinach, not only play increase economic output but also effectively prevent excessive vegetative growth " the envelope pool ".
Described revetment purifying area is made up of the 3 row wild rice stems planted around pond protecting slope revetment, adjacent rows wild rice stem interval 2
Rice, bank protection effect is played, and there is deep purifying, beautify the environment, improve unit area economic output during water level height change
Effect.
The bottom on the described biological oxidation pool is provided with stratobios purifying layer, and topmost surface is provided with three-dimensional freshwater mussel purifying layer.
Described stratobios purifying layer is by dispensing spiral shell 0.5-1.kg/m2Form.The three-dimensional freshwater mussel purifying layer includes 3 meters of interval and set
The multirow freshwater mussel suspension strap put, it is used to hang freshwater mussel, adjacent two layers mesh bag distance 10-15 per 1 meter of suspension three-layer network bag of between-line spacing
Centimetre, each mesh bag hangs 3 freshwater mussels.Mesh bag can directly can also be tied up on buoyant rope by water wing fixation.Freshwater mussel selects triangle
Sail freshwater mussel.5 tails of mandarin fish/mu ,/mu of river crab 100,10 pounds/acre of freshwater shrimp are launched on the biological oxidation pool.The biological oxidation pool be mainly used in into
The purification of one step, stable buffering cultivation water, suitably cultivate planktonic organism, are easy to the biological disease-preventing of tank breeding water body.
Described buffering area area is 30-50m2, any biology of not breeding, nature buoyance is kept, cultivation is floating in right amount
Trip biology, strengthens photosynthesis, improves water body itself dissolved oxygen amount.
The power 3KW of described water pump, flow reach 80m3/h.Spring：Open 1 time within every 12 hours, shut down 6 hours, operation 6
Hour；Summer：Open 1 time, shut down 2 hours for every eight hours, run 6 hours；Autumn：Open 1 time, shut down 2 hours for every eight hours, fortune
Row 6 hours.
The utility model pond ecological industrializes circulating water cultivation and provides kinetic energy with cleaning system, relying primarily on water pump,
Diving pushes away aerator in water and provided supplemented by function, improves flowing purification efficiency, reaches " Running water never becomes putrid ", realize that water body is efficiently cultivating
Area, Biological wetland purifying area, ecological purification gallery, four pieces of biological oxidation pool functional area circulate, and complete cultivation tail water
Purification.
Pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and purification method are realized based on Tthe utility model system, including：
(1), fingerling is launched in the tank of culture zone；Tilapia mossambica is launched in one-level biological cleaning area；Purified in Biological wetland
Screw and freshwater mussel are launched by area, and set up water wing plantation water spinach in the water surface；In ecological purification gallery color steel tile enclosing, in enclosing
Plantation lotus lotus root forms a plurality of emergent vegetation zone, and adjacent emergent vegetation zone is staggered, and " S " shape gallery is formed, in ecological purification corridor
Road non-emergent aquatic plants region sets floating frame plantation water spinach to form fluitante area, and around pond protecting slope revetment plantation 3
Row wild rice stem forms revetment purifying area, covers and supports freshwater shrimp, river crab, mandarin fish；Spiral shell is launched on the biological oxidation pool and forms stratobios purification
Layer, 3 meters of topmost surface interval setting freshwater mussel suspension strap, it is used to hang freshwater mussel, adjacent two layers per 1 meter of suspension three-layer network bag of between-line spacing
10-15 centimetres of mesh bag distance, each mesh bag hang 3 freshwater mussels, form upper strata biological cleaning layer, and launch mandarin fish, river crab, green grass or young crops
Shrimp；
(2), daily management：Push away 22 hours water dispenser day operation time, 10:00-11:00、15:00-16:00 shuts down 1 respectively
Hour, promote water longitudinal flow in tank；Air blower run time is 18:00- next day 8:00, maintain dissolved oxygen amount in tank to exist
6-7mg/L；Feed the expanded buoyancy feeds of protein 32 % in culture zone；Daily dredge pump of opening carries out sink drain, and bottom of gullet gives up
Gurry is emitted into solid waste sedimentation basin through sewage sump, sewage-collecting well；Using the regular disinfection way of " low temperature iodine, high temperature chlorine "；
(3)：Culture zone tail water circularly purifying：Aerator in water is pushed away by water pump and diving kinetic energy is provided, culture zone tail water enters
Enter one-level biological cleaning area, ingested residual bait in tail water by Tilapia mossambica, tail water enters Biological wetland purifying area, with being precipitated by solid waste
The water for enclosing ridge filtration treatment in pond converges, and by spiral shell, freshwater mussel and fluitante purified treatment, reduces organic nitrogen and phosphorus in water and contains
Amount；Water enters ecological purification gallery, is acted on by the double purified of aquatic animals and plants in ecological purification gallery, into biological oxidation
The pool further purifies, stable buffering cultivation water, and last buffered area reenters culture zone.
Specifically：
Culture zone：In April, launch fingerling in each tank, fingerling is channel catfish, specification：30-200g/ tails,
1000-10500 tails, set mandarin fish can be mixed；
One-level biological cleaning area：In the first tenday period of a month in May, Tilapia mossambica is launched, mu puts 300-500 tails, specification 10-12 tails/jin；
Biological wetland purifying area：1-3 months, according to 5/m2Launch freshwater mussel；Late March-early April, according to 1-
1.5kg/m2Spiral shell is launched, and sets up fishing net and forms benthon solid purifying area；In May, in Biological wetland purifying area water
Face frame sets water wing, plants water spinach；
Ecological purification gallery：In 3-4 months, lotus lotus root is planted in color steel tile enclosing and forms a plurality of emergent vegetation zone, it is adjacent to endure
Water vegetational zone is staggered, and forms " S " shape gallery, and plants 3 row wild rice stems around pond protecting slope revetment and form revetment purifying area,
Ecological purification gallery set supports aquatic products kind：10 kgs/acre of freshwater shrimp, river crab crab species (/ jin of specification 50) 200/mu, mandarin fish 5-10
Tail/mu；In May, floating frame is set in ecological purification gallery non-emergent aquatic plants region, plants water spinach；
The biological oxidation pool：In 1-3 months, 3 meters of topmost surface interval setting freshwater mussel suspension strap, per between-line spacing, 1 meter is hung three layers
Mesh bag is used to hang freshwater mussel, 10-15 centimetres of adjacent two layers mesh bag distance, and each mesh bag hangs 3 freshwater mussels, and it is net to form upper strata biology
Change layer；Late March-early April, launch spiral shell 0.5-1kg/m2Stratobios purifying layer is formed, and launches 5 tails of mandarin fish/mu, river
10 pounds/acre of/mu of crab 100, freshwater shrimp.
Feed management：Feed expanded buoyancy feed；Day feeds twice, pm10:00, am15:00, each bait throwing in interval 5s,
Duration 10min, according to weather, the intensity of feeding and fish loading amount, gradually adjustment.Ingested with most only surplus a small amount of fishes that stop ingesting as list
The secondary amount fed.Later stage grows with fish body, and tank yield increases, and feeds number and day feeding volume is gradually increased, small every 2-4
When feed 1 time.
Periodically sterilization：The disinfection way of " low temperature is with iodine, high temperature with chlorine " is：When water temperature is less than 20 degree, used every 10-15 days
High iodine sterilizes 1 time；Water temperature is higher than 20 degree, hangs hanging bag in tank leading portion, is put into chlorine dioxide in hanging bag, was used every 10-15 days
Disinfection by chlorine dioxide 1 time.
Gather in industrial crops：6-9 months, 1 water spinach of harvesting per 15-20 days.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：
Tthe utility model system economic benefit and environmental benefit have concurrently, realize and the fingerling of cultivation is placed in tank, utilize
Oxygenation and promotion water circulation, realize centralized high investment, high production, short-period efficient aquaculture model；Tail water is cultivated by pond
Pool ecological purification, whole zero-emission, pond culture benefit is allowed to reach by certain Technology Integration Innovation and device systems development
The effect of batch production, and cultivation risk and input maintain reduced levels, effectively can be supported with reference to the large-scale pond of current National
Grow, realize the doulbe-sides' victory of fanning economics and environmental benefit.
It is embodied in：
(1) cost of tail water circularly purifying, is reduced：Using natural ecosystems, to purify high-density breeding area tail water
For primary goal, " flowing water circulation " is realized between efficient culture zone and purifying area by the kinetic energy of oxygenation, accomplishes that " flowing water is not
It is rotten ", cultivation tail water realizes livestock waste renewable resources and palingenesis, culture zone water quality by the purifying area of meticulous scientific offering
Reach 1 grade of standard of fishery cultivating；Tail water solid feces are the economic aquatic plant of purifying area, the growth of animal provide it is abundant
Fertilizer and food resource, the suitable aquatic economic animal of collocation interplanting (foster), plant, benthon kind while purification,
Produce economic benefit；
(2) input of pure industrial aquaculture, is reduced：With reference to pond Tu Chi, suit measures to local conditions, efficiently supported by industrialization tank
Grow and aid in cleaning system form the set circulation flowing water aquaculture model, have it is easy to manually control, save land, economize on water, labour
Demand is few, productivity ratio is high, product is easily caught and balanced the advantages that listing.
(3), the per mu yield of conventional pond culture is typically in 1000kg or so, every square metre of the utility model culture zone yield
Highest can cultivate tail water whole process zero-emission in 50-100kg while unit area aquatic products yield is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model pond ecological industrializes circulating water cultivation and the schematic diagram of cleaning system；
In Fig. 1,1- culture zones, 2- one-level biological cleanings area, 3- Biological wetland purifying areas, 4- ecological purification gallerys, 5- lifes
State oxidation pond, 6- buffering areas, the irrigation canals and ditches of 7- first, the irrigation canals and ditches of 8- second, 9- tanks, 10- sewage sumps, emergent vegetation zone, 11- freshwater mussels are hanged
It is linked with.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described further with reference to embodiment.
In Jiangsu Fresh Water Aquatic Product Inst. Pukou base, construction have 1 set of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation with it is net
Change system.As shown in figure 1, pond is separated into culture zone 1, one-level biological cleaning area 2, Biological wetland purifying area 3, ecology by system
Purify gallery 4, the biological oxidation pool 5, buffering area 6；Culture zone 1 includes the cuboid tank 94 longitudinal directions side by side；Buffering area 6 is located at
The water inlet end of culture zone 1, one-level biological cleaning area 2 are located at the water side of culture zone 1；One-level biological cleaning area 2 purifies with Biological wetland
Separated by the pool ridge between area 3, communicated by the first irrigation canals and ditches 7；The left side water side of Biological wetland purifying area 3 and ecological purification corridor
Road 4 communicates, and is separated between Biological wetland purifying area 3 and ecological purification gallery 4 by fishing net；Ecological purification gallery 4 and ecology
Separated by the pool ridge between oxidation pond 5, communicated through the second irrigation canals and ditches, in the area of ecological purification gallery 4 and the boundary field of the biological oxidation pool 5
Water pump is installed at the ridge, water is flowed into the biological oxidation pool 5 from ecological purification gallery 4 by water pump；The biological oxidation pool 5 is located at culture zone
1 left side, the biological oxidation pool 5 are separated by color steel and culture zone 1, one-level biological evolution area 2, the biological oxidation pool 5 and buffering
Being separated between area 6 by fishing net ensures that water enters buffering area from the biological oxidation pool；Pond ecological industrialize circulating water cultivation with
Cleaning system is equipped with soil pick-up drainage, and soil pick-up drainage includes sewage sump 10, dirt sucking tube, sewage-collecting well, dredge pump, blowdown
Pipe, silt deposit pond；Sewage sump 10, which is located on the outside of the tail end of culture zone, to be used to collect residual bait excreta, 10 wide 50cm of sewage sump, bottom
Portion is less than bottom of gullet 30cm, and the front end of sewage sump 10 communicates with the sewage draining exit of tank 9, and tail end is provided with the high barricades of 80cm, the gear
Wall height can efficiently accomplish tank solid waste intercept collect, and prevent outside Pond Silt suck-back enter sewage sump and；In sewage sump
Each tank 9 is corresponded in 10 1 sewage discharge tube is set, sewage discharge tube communicates with the dirt sucking tube of the bottom of sewage sump 10, the outlet of dirt sucking tube
It is connected with the sewage-collecting well for being located at the pond pool ridge, the pvc pipe that each sewage discharge tube is provided with plug and pull is used to control soil pick-up, blowdown, real
Existing single sink drain；Sewage-collecting well is cuboid brick mix structure deep-well, and bottom is less than bottom of gullet 2m, is 1.5m*1.5m square
Shape, depth 5m, bottom place mat 20cm thickness rubble, 10cm thickness cobblestones successively from top to bottom, it is provided with the top of sewage-collecting well
Aluminium alloy " shape for hat " rainproof cover plate.Sewage-collecting well communicates through blow-off pipe with solid waste sedimentation basin, and it is net that solid waste sedimentation basin is located at ecological wetland
Change area in, solid waste sedimentation basin be surrounded by cobblestone filling form enclose the ridge, enclose ridge width 50cm, filtration.Row
More than the power 4KW of dirty pump, flow 80m3/ h, more than lift 20m, discharge diameter/suction bore 100mm/15mm, pump housing corrosion resistant
Erosion.After dredge pump is opened, form natural pressure suck-back bottom of gullet discarded object and enter sewage sump 10, dirt collection is discharged into through dirt sucking tube
Well, solid waste sedimentation basin is discharged into through blow-off pipe, solid waste sedimentation basin launches spiral shell (square Bellamya sp, 1-1.5kg/m2) form bottom and dwell life
Thing purifying layer, after benthon is handled enclosing the ridge by cobblestone enters Biological wetland purifying area.
Single tank 4m*20m=80m2, totally 4 tanks, efficient culture zone area 320m2.Edge and pond Tang Geng on tank
Maintain an equal level, corridor is equipped between adjacent tank, between the tank on the nearly pond pool ridge and the pond pool ridge.Each tank is included by not
The basic framework that connects and composes of rust steel ferrochrome gas welding, basic framework bottom are fixed on pond bottom, in the bottom surface of basic framework and
The side laying polyethylene canvas of left and right two, stainless steel steel wire grid, mesh are provided with former and later two sides of basic framework
1.5*1.5cm.The trailing flank of tank is provided with sewage draining exit, and sewage draining exit is less than bottom of gullet 10cm.Outside the water inlet of each tank 9
Side frame pushes away aerator in water provided with diving, by diving push away aerator in water promote water flow through front side grid enter tank longitudinal flow；
Lateral extent bottom of gullet 50cm sets baffle plate outside the water inlet of tank 9, and the high 50cm of baffle plate, wide with tank, anti-water stopping trough enters
Water end (W.E.) backwater.Equidistantly be provided with 5 diameter 60cm bottom aeration plate in each bottom of gullet, bottom aeration plate through gas distribution pipe with
Air blower connects, and triple valve is equipped with the air inlet pipe of each bottom aeration plate, for controlling throughput size.Diving pushes away water
The power supply and pipeline of aerator and air blower are individually arranged side by side.Dive under water and push away aerator in water power 2.2KW, 22 hours day operation time,
10:00-11:00、15:00-16:00 shuts down 1 hour respectively.Blower power 3KW, available machine time 18:00- next day 8:00, enter
Row micro-pore oxygenation.Water oxygenation and bottom aeration plate double oxygenation are pushed away by pushing away water dispenser, maintains dissolved oxygen in water in 6-7mg/L.
Each tank front end is provided with device for feeding fish bait, is provided with fan shape baffle in front of the bait outlet of device for feeding fish bait, is provided with above fan shape baffle
Rectangle baffle plate.It is provided with the leading portion of tank when sterilization hanging bag is used for high-temperature sterilization and hangs chlorine dioxide.
Tilted in Biological wetland purifying area 3 and set up multiple fishing nets composition benthon solid purifying area；It is net in Biological wetland
Change area's water surface and multirow water wing band is set, adjacent rows water wing band is indirectly every 6 meters, and often spaced 1 meter of row water wing sets water wing to be used for
Plant fluitante and form phytoplankton band, and the water wing on every row water wing band is connected by buoyant rope.
Ecological purification gallery 4 is provided with 3 color steel tile enclosings, and lotus lotus root is planted in enclosing and forms emergent vegetation zone, very water is planted
22 meters of thing belt length, wide 3 meters, adjacent emergent vegetation zone is staggered, and forms " S " shape gallery；3 are floated in non-emergent aquatic plants region
Row floating frame, often row floating frame specification be long * it is wide=6m*1m, two pvc pipes are set along floating frame length direction, and lay frame fishing
Net is used to plant water spinach composition fluitante area, area 18m2；The 3 row wild rice stems around the plantation of pond protecting slope revetment form revetment
Purifying area, 2 meters of adjacent rows wild rice stem interval.Set supports freshwater shrimp, river crab, mandarin fish.
Launch spiral shell 0.5-1.kg/m in the bottom on the biological oxidation pool 52, stratobios purifying layer is formed, topmost surface is provided with
Three-dimensional freshwater mussel purifying layer, three-dimensional freshwater mussel purifying layer include the multirow freshwater mussel suspension strap of the 3 meters of settings in interval, per 1 meter of suspension of between-line spacing
Three-layer network bag, 10-15 centimetres of adjacent two layers mesh bag distance, each mesh bag hang 3 freshwater mussels (hydriopsis cumingii).Launch mandarin fish, river
Crab, freshwater shrimp.
Fingerling is launched in the tank of culture zone；Tilapia mossambica is launched in one-level biological cleaning area；Thrown in Biological wetland purifying area
Screw and freshwater mussel are put, and water wing plantation water spinach is set up in the water surface；In ecological purification gallery color steel tile enclosing, planted in enclosing
Lotus lotus root forms a plurality of emergent vegetation zone, and adjacent emergent vegetation zone is staggered, and forms " S " shape gallery, non-in ecological purification gallery
Emergent aquactic plant region sets floating frame plantation water spinach to form fluitante area, and plants 3 row hays around pond protecting slope revetment
It is white to form revetment purifying area, cover and support freshwater shrimp, river crab, mandarin fish；Spiral shell, which is launched, on the biological oxidation pool forms stratobios purifying layer, on
3 meters of layer water surface interval setting freshwater mussel suspension strap, it is used to hang freshwater mussel, adjacent two layers mesh bag per 1 meter of suspension three-layer network bag of between-line spacing
10-15 centimetres of distance, each mesh bag hang 3 freshwater mussels, form upper strata biological cleaning layer, and launch mandarin fish, river crab, freshwater shrimp.
Push away 22 hours water dispenser day operation time, 10:00-11:00、15:00-16:00 shuts down 1 hour respectively, promotes water to exist
Longitudinal flow in tank；Air blower run time is 18:00- next day 8:00, maintain tank in dissolved oxygen amount in 6-7mg/L；Cultivation
Feed the expanded buoyancy feeds of protein 32 % in area；Daily dredge pump of opening carries out sink drain, bottom of gullet discarded object through sewage sump,
Sewage-collecting well is emitted into solid waste sedimentation basin；Using the regular disinfection way of " low temperature iodine, high temperature chlorine "；The power 3KW of water pump, stream
Amount reaches 80m3/ h, spring：Open 1 time within every 12 hours, shut down 6 hours, run 6 hours；Summer：Open 1 time for every eight hours, shut down 2
Hour, run 6 hours；Autumn：Open 1 time, shut down 2 hours for every eight hours, run 6 hours.
Culture zone tail water circularly purifying：Aerator in water is pushed away by water pump and diving kinetic energy is provided, culture zone tail water enters one
Level biological cleaning area, ingested residual bait in tail water by Tilapia mossambica, tail water enters Biological wetland purifying area, with process solid waste sedimentation basin
The water for enclosing ridge filtration treatment converges, and by spiral shell, freshwater mussel and fluitante purified treatment, reduces organic nitrogen and phosphorus content in water；Water
Into ecological purification gallery, act on by the double purified of aquatic animals and plants in ecological purification gallery, enter into the biological oxidation pool
The purification of one step, stable buffering cultivation water, last buffered area reenters culture zone.
1st, each functional unit input situation：
Efficient culture zone 1 puts channel catfish in a suitable place to breed, the expanded buoyancy feed of de novo protein 32%, launches once within 1 year, supports
Grow April in cycle to November.
No. 1 tank launches mantissa：1000 tails, specification：200g, mix the set tail of grass carp 100, specification 150g；
No. 2 tanks launch mantissa：10500 tails, specification：31.3g；
No. 3 tanks launch mantissa：13500 tails, specification：31.3g；
No. 4 tanks launch mantissa：Mantissa：1000 tails, specification：200g, mix the set tail of mandarin fish 1000.
One-level biological cleaning area 2：In the first tenday period of a month in May, more than 22 degree of water temperature (be averaged surface temperature in the daytime) is treated, launches Tilapia mossambica,
300-500 tails/mu, specification 10-12 tails/jin.
Biological wetland purifying area area 500m2, including solid waste sedimentation basin 20m2；20-April 10 March, according to 1-
1.5kg/m2Launch spiral shell, 5/m2Launch freshwater mussel；In May, water spinach is planted in water surface water wing.
4.5 mu of ecological purification gallery, plantation lotus lotus root, water spinach, wild rice stem, covers and supports mandarin fish, freshwater shrimp, river crab；In 3-4 months, plant
Kind lotus lotus root and wild rice stem, launch aquatic products kind：10 kgs/acre of freshwater shrimp, river crab crab species (/ jin of specification 50) 200/mu, mandarin fish 5-
10 tails/mu；May, in floating frame plantation water spinach.
7 mu of the biological oxidation pool, 1-3 months hang freshwater mussel；On 20-April 10 March, launch spiral shell 0.5-1kg/m2, throw simultaneously
Put 5 tails of mandarin fish/mu ,/mu of river crab 100,10 pounds/acre of freshwater shrimp.
2nd, basic condition and output are cultivated：
Monthly regular growth measurement on the 10th, total length, body weight, flesh quality analysis；Breeding process, water quality, bait management are proper
When the more conventional fish pond frequent activity of fish body, in " motion " build, quality is preferable, annual substantially disease-free generation.
Supporting region year output：Conventional 110 pounds/acre of fish (Tilapia mossambica, mandarin fish, flower silver carp, megalobrama amblycephala, wild small fish),
20 pounds/acre of freshwater shrimp, 30 pounds/acre of lobster；Wild rice stem：200 jin, 600 jin of lotus root, 2000 jin of water spinach.
Efficient culture zone output see the table below 1：
The cultivation channel catfish input and output of the tank of table 1. is detailed
The supporting area's input and output of the ecology of table 2. are detailed
Note：The supporting area of ecology (including one-level biological cleaning area, Biological wetland purifying area, ecological purification gallery, biological oxidation
The pool) utilize principle：Premised on the purification of pond industrialized aquaculture tail water, economy class aquatic animal (freshwater shrimp, cray, sieve are selected
Non- fish, flower silver carp, megalobrama amblycephala etc.), water plant, benthon structure stereo ecological purifying area, increase economic efficiency and environment
Benefit.
Total Economic and Efficiency Analysis：
Total materialization input：Industrialize 95260 yuan of tank (1-3 tanks), supporting 5620 yuan of the area of ecology, total materialization input
100880 yuan, it need to separately count 20000 yuan of human cost；
Gross Output, 164917 yuan of tank, supporting 44250 yuan of the area of ecology, add up to 209167 yuan of the output value；Actual purification area 13
Mu, 15493 yuan of per mu yield value, 8021 yuan of mu benefit.
3rd, effects of purification quality is analyzed：
Monthly 3 periodic detection water samples.No. 1 point water sample is the water sample handled by the biological oxidation pool, and No. 2 point water samples are foster
Water sample in area's tank is grown, No. 3 point water samples are the cultivation tail water handled by one-level biological cleaning area, and No. 4 point water samples are by giving birth to
The water sample of thing wetland purification area processing, No. 5 point water samples are the water sample handled by ecological purification gallery.
Analysis is understood：With the raising of fish loading amount, water body total nitrogen, total phosphorus are in rise trend；High-density breeding area water sample (2
Number point), cultivation tail water (No. 3 points) total nitrogen, total phosphorus is horizontal is higher than other point positions.Whole circulating water body total nitrogen, total phosphorus seasonal variations
Trend is consistent.Culture zone total nitrogen is in 4 class water quality standards (water environment quality standard GB3838-2002), by aquatic animals and plants
Comprehensive purifying, it is rapidly reached 2 class water quality standards.Total phosphorus is up to 3 class standards (nearly 2 class) after purification.Cultured water and ammonia nitrogen are
The content highest in high-density breeding tank, other samples are because water body flow amount is big, the catharsis of aquatic animals and plants,
Respective concentration obtains rapid dilution and declined.No. 2 point cultured waters are essentially 2 times of No. 1 point, maintain comparatively safe level.Say
Bright Tthe utility model system effectively can reduce Eutrophic Extent in high-density breeding area tail water by direct in-situ, reach nearly 2 class
Water quality standard, the Tail water reuse of all round process zero.Both more conventional cultivation effectively increased culture benefit and cultivation quality, while itself
The use of tail water filter-cleaning cycles is effectively realized, realizes water saving, zero-emission.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system, it is characterised in that pond is separated into cultivation by the system
Area, one-level biological cleaning area, Biological wetland purifying area, ecological purification gallery, the biological oxidation pool, buffering area；Described culture zone
Including the cuboid tank multiple longitudinal directions side by side；Described buffering area is located at culture zone water inlet end, and one-level biological cleaning area is located at
Culture zone water side, the first irrigation canals and ditches of one-level biological cleaning area communicate with Biological wetland purifying area, on the left of Biological wetland purifying area
Water side communicates with ecological purification gallery, is separated between Biological wetland purifying area and ecological purification gallery by fishing net；Ecology
Purification gallery communicates through the second irrigation canals and ditches with the biological oxidation pool, in ecological purification gallery area and biological oxidation pool intersection installation water
Pump, water is set to flow into the biological oxidation pool from ecological purification gallery by water pump；The biological oxidation pool is located on the left of culture zone, biological oxidation
The pool is distinguished and separated by color steel and culture zone, one-level biological evolution, is separated between the biological oxidation pool and buffering area by fishing net
Opening ensures that water enters buffering area from the biological oxidation pool.
2. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that Mei Geshui
Groove includes basic framework, in the bottom surface of basic framework and the side laying polyethylene canvas of left and right two, before and after basic framework
Two sides are provided with grid；The trailing flank of tank is provided with sewage draining exit, and sewage draining exit is less than bottom of gullet 10cm.
3. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that each
On the outside of the water inlet of tank aerator in water is pushed away provided with diving；Lateral extent bottom of gullet 50cm sets gear outside the water inlet of tank
Plate, it is the high 50cm of baffle plate, wide with tank；Equidistantly it is used for micro-pore oxygenation provided with multiple bottom aeration plates in each bottom of gullet,
Bottom aeration plate is connected through gas distribution guard system with air blower, and triple valve is equipped with the air inlet pipe of each bottom aeration plate；
Each tank front end is provided with device for feeding fish bait, is provided with fan shape baffle in front of the bait outlet of device for feeding fish bait, is provided with above fan shape baffle
Rectangle baffle plate.
4. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that adjacent
Corridor is respectively equipped between tank, the tank on the nearly pond pool ridge and the pond pool ridge.
5. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that described
Pond ecological, which industrializes circulating water cultivation and cleaning system, also includes soil pick-up drainage, and described soil pick-up drainage includes collection
Dirty groove, dirt sucking tube, sewage-collecting well, dredge pump, blow-off pipe, silt deposit pond；Described sewage sump, which is located on the outside of the tail end of culture zone, to be used
In collecting residual bait excreta, dirt collection groove width 50cm, the bottom of sewage sump is less than bottom of gullet 30cm, the front end of sewage sump and tank
Sewage draining exit communicate, tail end is provided with the high barricades of 80cm；Each tank is corresponded in sewage sump and is provided with sewage discharge tube, sewage discharge tube and dirt collection
The dirt sucking tube of trench bottom is communicated, and sewage sump is connected through dirt sucking tube with sewage-collecting well, and sewage discharge tube is provided with the pvc pipe of plug and pull；It is described
Sewage-collecting well be cuboid deep-well, the bottom of sewage-collecting well is less than bottom of gullet 2m；Sewage-collecting well is through blow-off pipe and solid waste sedimentation basin phase
Logical, solid waste sedimentation basin be located in ecological wetland purifying area, solid waste sedimentation basin be surrounded by cobblestone fill form enclose the ridge,
Benthon purifying layer is provided with solid waste sedimentation basin.
6. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that sewage-collecting well
Depth is 5m, bottom place mat 20cm thickness rubble, 10cm thickness cobblestones successively from top to bottom；Rain-proof is provided with the top of sewage-collecting well
Cover plate.
7. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that described
Biological wetland purifying area tilt set up multiple fishing nets form benthon solid purifying area；In described Biological wetland purifying area
The water surface sets multirow water wing band, and often spaced 1 meter of row water wing sets water wing to be used to plant fluitante formation phytoplankton band.
8. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that described
Ecological purification gallery is provided with a plurality of emergent vegetation zone, and adjacent emergent vegetation zone is staggered, and forms " S " shape gallery；Ecological net
Change gallery non-emergent aquatic plants region and be provided with fluitante area；Ecological purification gallery purifies around pond protecting slope revetment provided with revetment
Area.
9. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 8 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that described
Emergent vegetation zone bottom includes color steel tile enclosing and the emergent aquactic plant being planted in enclosing；Described emergent aquactic plant belt length 22
Rice, it is wide 3 meters；
Described fluitante area includes being used for floating frame and the fluitante for planting fluitante, the area in fluitante area
Account for the 0.5-1% of ecological purification gallery area；Described floating frame includes the framework made of pvc pipe, is laid on framework
Fishing net, two pvc pipes are set along floating frame length direction；
Described revetment purifying area is made up of the 3 row wild rice stems planted around pond protecting slope revetment, 2 meters of adjacent rows wild rice stem interval.
10. pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation according to claim 1 and cleaning system, it is characterised in that described
The bottom on the biological oxidation pool is provided with stratobios purifying layer, and topmost surface is provided with three-dimensional freshwater mussel purifying layer；
The three-dimensional freshwater mussel purifying layer includes the multirow freshwater mussel suspension strap of the 3 meters of settings in interval, per 1 meter of suspension three-layer network bag of between-line spacing
For hanging freshwater mussel, 10-15 centimetres of adjacent two layers mesh bag distance, each mesh bag hangs 3 freshwater mussels.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107410140A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-12-01 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system |
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| CN107410140A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-12-01 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of pond ecological industrialization circulating water cultivation and cleaning system |
| CN108260550A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-10 | 江苏省渔业技术推广中心 | A kind of method for treating pond industrialization system cultivation flume fish saprolegniasis |
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| CN109122529A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-04 | 成都通威水产科技有限公司 | A kind of half batch production pond inner-circulative culture system |
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| CN109792966B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-06-22 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Novel circulating water ecological breeding community in pond |
| CN111226849A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 珠海市永诚现代农业发展有限公司 | Natural ecological breeding system |
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