CN209914686U - Composite seed culture system for large-scale livestock and poultry breeding manure treatment - Google Patents
Composite seed culture system for large-scale livestock and poultry breeding manure treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN209914686U CN209914686U CN201920416488.4U CN201920416488U CN209914686U CN 209914686 U CN209914686 U CN 209914686U CN 201920416488 U CN201920416488 U CN 201920416488U CN 209914686 U CN209914686 U CN 209914686U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a compound breeding system for treating feces in large-scale livestock breeding, which comprises a plurality of livestock breeding units containing pig farms, planting units consisting of rice fields, forests, feces treatment pools, emergent aquatic plant planting areas, aquatic vegetable planting areas, vegetable greenhouses and submerged plant planting areas in sequence, and a plurality of aquaculture pools; the livestock and poultry breeding unit is communicated with the planting unit through a fecaluria conveying pipeline, a drainage ditch and a sewage inlet pipeline are arranged in/between the planting units, a fecaluria treatment pool is positioned between the forest and the emergent aquatic plant planting area, and a water pump is arranged in the excrement treatment pool; and the excrement and urine conveying pipeline conveys pig excrement and sewage in the pig farm to the planting unit in a biogas slurry or water-soaked excrement form or excrement and urine after dry-wet separation, the system is circularly operated and treated, and the pig excrement and sewage is emptied in advance in rainy seasons. Compared with the traditional wetland oxidation pond system mainly based on plants, which adopts land digestion and common biogas slurry treatment, the method realizes the high-efficiency resource utilization of livestock and poultry pollution and has good effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a compound ecological agriculture circulation kind breeding technical field, concretely relates to compound kind farming systems that is used for dirty processing of scale beasts and birds cultivation excrement.
Background
As an important part of agriculture, the livestock and poultry breeding industry has become a focus of general attention in the world, the first national pollution source census data in China shows that the nitrogen emission of agricultural production (including agriculture and livestock and poultry breeding industry) accounts for more than 50% of the total nitrogen emission of various productions, and the agricultural pollution becomes a primary factor influencing the water environment safety in China. Agricultural farmland is a main absorption mode of nitrogen pollution of livestock and poultry, and the farmland area of each region influences the consumption capacity of the nitrogen pollution of the livestock and poultry in the region to a great extent. The nitrogen pollution load of the average unit cultivated land area in the country reaches 138.36kg/hm2And the nitrogen pollution load of the unit cultivated land area is generally consistent with the nationwide distribution condition of the total nitrogen pollution generation amount. Research shows that the influence of factors such as soil texture, fertility, climate and the like is comprehensively considered, the agriculture policy of European Union stipulates that the limiting standard of annual nitrogen (N) application amount of manure is 170kg/hm2And the farmland and the water environment are easily polluted when the limit value is exceeded. Nowadays, the nitrogen production of livestock and poultry breeding in parts of China reaches 202.98kg/hm2Above, far exceeding this warning line, need to take effective measure to handle beasts and birds and breed the pollutant urgently to effective control and management beasts and birds of this region are bred and are caused the pollution threat to farmland and water environment. In addition, because of the use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers in the production of the planting industry, the farmland cultivated land has very limited capability of bearing and absorbing nitrogen pollution of livestock and poultry.
Taking pig raising as an example, a large-scale pig farm causes the sewage to be discharged too intensively, and serious pollution is brought to the surrounding environment. Taking organic nitrogen as an example, the fertilizer pollution accounts for 40%, the livestock manure pollution accounts for 35%, the livestock manure becomes one of the main pollution sources of non-point source pollution of the environment, 5.6 hundred million pigs are released in China, and 3.9-4.0 hundred million tons of fresh manure and urine can be generated by calculating that about 700kg of fresh manure and urine is produced by 1 pig per year, and the pig manure discharge causes serious pollution to the environment and huge waste of resources. At present, the domestic pig farm sewage treatment process mainly comprises 3 modes of land digestion, natural treatment and anaerobic digestion treatment:
1. and (4) a methane mode. Anaerobic digestion is a process that microorganisms utilize natural microorganisms or inoculated microorganisms to carry out complex catabolism on organic matters under an anaerobic condition to finally generate biogas and biogas manure, so that the odor of pig manure can be removed, and most parasites and harmful microorganisms can be killed. Compared with other treatment technologies, the anaerobic digestion technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, less secondary pollution, capability of generating clean biological energy, obvious environmental advantage and high input-output benefit, and is a sustainable treatment method. The anaerobic digestion process is divided into three modes of centralized gas supply, biogas power generation and multi-stage utilization of material resources taking biogas as a link, the biogas mode or the fermentation bed mode has high cost, complex process, high construction and operation cost, poor acceptance of culturists, low ecological efficiency and longer stagnation time, and the cultivation sewage can not be effectively treated due to the inflow of a large amount of sewage in rainy seasons.
2. And (4) land digestion. The land digestion is that the sewage is directly applied to the soil after anaerobic hydrolysis acidification treatment for a certain time, organic matters in the excrement sewage are decomposed by utilizing the combined action of soil microorganisms and plant root systems, the organic matters are converted into humus and fertilizer capable of being absorbed and utilized by plants for plant growth, and meanwhile, the sewage is purified and digested. The farmland is used for land absorption, so that the fertilizer usage amount can be reduced, the soil fertility can be maintained and improved, the granular structure of the soil is improved, the permeability, water holding capacity and fertilizer holding capacity of the soil are improved, and the growth of beneficial microorganisms is promoted, but on the premise that enough storage equipment or facilities (such as tanks and pools made of different materials or pits and ponds on the ground) and farmlands with enough areas nearby are required, if the nitrogen fertilizer application amount per hectare of farmland is 150-400 kg (counted by N), the excrement of ten-thousand pig farms needs to be absorbed by 90-235 hectare (equivalent to 1350-3525 mu) land, and the method is used for large-scale pig farms which are far away from cities and have enough land areas. In addition, as the sewage is inconvenient for long-distance transportation and can be only consumed in nearby land, research reports show that the economic transportation distance of the pig manure is within 13.3km, and the economic transportation distance of the sewage is greatly shortened. And also has the problems of feces and sewage storage, underground water pollution, livestock and poultry epidemic spread and the like.
3. And (6) naturally treating. The biological pond (such as an oxidation pond, a facultative pond, an anaerobic pond and an ecosystem pond) and an artificial wetland (surface flow or subsurface flow) are utilized to carry out precipitation, adsorption, filtration and other physical actions, and biological actions such as absorption and degradation of plants and microorganisms in the system, so that organic pollutants in sewage are degraded and purified, the biological pond is used for large-scale pig farms far away from cities, regions with underdeveloped economy, wide land, low land price and mild climate, particularly pig farms for sewage treatment by using mudflats, wastelands, forest lands or low lands, no complex equipment investment is needed, the management is convenient, the influence on the surrounding environment is small, and the treated reclaimed water can be used as fertilizer water returning field, fertilizer pond fish culture, or can be discharged after further treatment and reaches the standard. The disadvantages are that a certain land area is required, the purification effect is easily affected by the season and temperature change, and the groundwater is polluted to a certain extent. In addition, when the artificial wetland is used for treatment, the blockage is very easy to generate due to excessive suspended matters, thereby inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. In addition, the manure cleaning mode and the surrounding environment conditions of the pig farm also influence the selection and treatment effect of the treatment process, and the treatment process is not widely popularized except for the application in relatively large-scale pig farms in south China and warm areas.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The single method to among the above-mentioned prior art can't realize the dirty processing of scale beasts and birds cultivation excrement, solves the current beasts and birds pollution inefficiency, the poor problem of effect, the utility model discloses a main aim at provides a compound kind farming systems who is used for the dirty processing of scale beasts and birds cultivation excrement, establishes the scale near pig farm or beasts and birds cultivation farm and is every farmland system unit of 500 ability of one's land 1000 mu/ten thousand pigs, through the pipeline with natural pond liquid or the excrement and urine after the wet excrement form of water bubble or dry separation directly get into by a plurality of aquatic vegetables, aquatic vegetation, forest on water, reed or calamus, rice and aquaculture, the kind farming system unit that greenhouse vegetables constitute, constitute complete compound ecological cycle system through escape canal and sewage inlet pipe way.
The above object of the utility model is realized through following technical scheme:
on the first hand, the compound breeding system for the large-scale livestock breeding manure treatment comprises a plurality of livestock breeding units containing pig farms, planting units sequentially consisting of rice fields, forests, manure treatment pools, emergent aquatic plant planting areas, aquatic vegetable planting areas, vegetable greenhouses and submerged plant planting areas, and a plurality of aquaculture pools; wherein:
the livestock and poultry breeding unit is communicated with the planting unit through a fecaluria conveying pipeline, a drainage ditch and a sewage inlet pipeline are arranged in/between the planting units, and a water pump is arranged in the sewage treatment tank;
the manure treatment pool is positioned between the forest and the emergent aquatic plant planting area;
the excrement conveying pipeline can convey the pig excrement sewage in the livestock and poultry breeding unit into the planting unit in a biogas slurry or water-soaked excrement form or excrement and urine after dry-wet separation, and the breeding scale of a pig farm in the livestock and poultry breeding unit is 500-mou/ten-thousand pigs according to the nutrient load concentration.
Further, breeding the periwinkle, the river snail or the freshwater mussel in the planting unit; reed or calamus are planted in the emergent aquatic plant planting area; planting lotus roots, water bamboo or cress in the aquatic vegetable planting area; the forest is planted with water-tolerant pond fir, pine or willow.
Further, each planting area adopts the form of polyculture aquatic animals, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: freshwater shrimps are cultured in the submerged plant area, loaches and finless eels are cultured in the aquatic vegetable planting area in a mixed mode, and crabs or crayfishes are cultured in the rice field in a mixed mode.
Further, the height of the enclosing ridge of the aquaculture pond is not less than 2 meters, the water depth is 3-5 meters, and one or more than two of herring, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, crucian carp and bream are cultured in the pond.
Furthermore, the compound seed culture system also comprises an oxygen increasing machine or a micro oxygen increasing device.
Further, the water in the drainage channel in the composite seed culture system is pumped to the sewage discharge pipeline for multiple times through a water pump to be circulated until the water reaches the standard of discharging outside.
Furthermore, the livestock and poultry breeding unit is a livestock and poultry farm for conventional breeding, and an impermeable membrane is laid at the bottom of the livestock and poultry breeding unit.
Furthermore, the size of the water inlet valve is adjusted according to different culture forms in the aquaculture pond to control the inflow pollution amount.
Further, the forest is used as a first pass unit of the water-soaked manure for livestock and poultry dry manure composting fermentation and organic fertilizer production or earthworm production directly, the manure is precipitated on the forest land, and the supernatant is circulated to the planting or breeding unit to promote compost production.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
adopt the utility model discloses a compound breed farming systems pollutes resourceful treatment to pig farm fecaluria, both directly absorb the nutrition, produce organic ecological plant product or aquatic animal, the clear water that the system purified also can reutilization, and this compound breed farming systems also can do the pig manure compost fermentation treatment place of the dry and wet separation of pig fecaluria. Compared with the traditional wetland oxidation pond system mainly based on plants, which adopts land digestion and common biogas slurry treatment, the method realizes the high-efficiency resource utilization of livestock and poultry pollution and has good effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite breeding system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composite breeding system in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, will be provided to better understand the functions and features of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the compound breeding system for scale livestock breeding manure treatment comprises a plurality of livestock breeding units containing pig farms, planting units sequentially consisting of rice fields, forests, manure treatment pools, emergent aquatic plant planting areas, aquatic vegetable planting areas, vegetable greenhouses and submerged plant planting areas, and also comprises a plurality of aquaculture pools, an aerator or a micro-aerator; wherein:
the livestock and poultry breeding units are communicated with the planting units through excrement and urine conveying pipelines, drainage ditches and sewage inlet pipelines are arranged in/between the planting units, and a water pump is arranged in the excrement and sewage treatment tank;
the manure treatment pool is positioned between the forest and the emergent aquatic plant planting area;
the excrement conveying pipeline can convey pig excrement sewage in the livestock and poultry breeding unit into the planting unit in a biogas slurry or water-soaked excrement form or excrement and urine after dry-wet separation, the pig farm in the livestock and poultry breeding unit has the breeding scale of 500 mu per ten thousand pigs according to the nutrition load concentration, the height of the ridge of the aquaculture pond is not lower than 2 meters, the water depth is 3-5 meters, and herrings, grass carps, silver carps, bighead carps, crucian carps or bream can be bred in the pond.
In one example, the planting units are used for culturing periwinkle, river snail or freshwater mussel, emergent aquatic plant planting areas are used for planting reed or calamus, aquatic vegetable planting areas are used for planting lotus roots, water bamboo or water cress, and forests are used for planting water-tolerant pond fir, pine trees or willow trees.
In one example, each growing area within the growing unit takes the form of a polyculture of aquatic animals, such as: freshwater shrimps are cultured in the submerged plant area, loaches and finless eels are cultured in the aquatic vegetable planting area in a mixed mode, and crabs or crayfishes are cultured in the rice field in a mixed mode.
In one example, water in a drainage ditch in the compound aquaculture system is pumped by a water pump to a sewage pipeline for circulation for multiple times until the drainage standard is reached and then drained.
In one example, the livestock and poultry breeding unit is a conventionally bred livestock and poultry farm, and the bottom is paved with an impermeable membrane.
In one example, the size of the water inlet valve is adjusted according to different culture forms in the aquaculture pond to control the inflow pollution amount.
In one example, the forest is used as a first pass unit of the water-soaked manure to perform livestock and poultry dry manure composting fermentation and produce organic fertilizer or directly produce earthworms, the manure is precipitated on the forest land, and the supernatant is circulated to a planting or breeding unit to promote composting production.
Take a certain large-scale pig farm in Fengtai county as an example, this farm is from the reality when handling sewage, and reasonable regularization pig farm construction carries out rainwater ditch excrement ditch separation transformation to whole pig house, and the dirty separation of rain promptly, greatly reduced waste water volume alleviates sewage treatment system's pressure. And secondly, packaging and collecting dry manure in the pigsty, reducing the amount of the pig manure entering a slag separation tank, formulating a whole water-saving system, reducing the amount of sewage, adding a screen mesh in the slag separation tank, and improving the slag separation effect. The anaerobic fermentation methane tank with slag separation, precipitation and solid-liquid separation is constructed in a matching way.
As shown in fig. 2, the composite ecological agricultural system is 800 mu, 4 ten thousand pigs are grown in a pig farm all the year round, and biogas slurry in the pig farm is treated by the composite ecological agricultural system of 800 mu. A special pipeline is established to convey biogas slurry to the composite agricultural ecological system, the pipeline is connected with a water inlet pipe of the composite agricultural ecological system, the biogas slurry in the pig farm is conveyed to a biogas slurry unit in the treatment system, and then a water pump passes the biogas slurry through a sewage inlet pipeline to add the biogas slurry to various culture areas in a concentration gradient manner. The sewage treatment method has the advantages that few points are placed in areas with high water quality requirements, multiple points can be placed in areas with more pollution tolerance, the water volume of the pond is protected by maintaining the water level of each pond opening, a circulating treatment unit is formed by the inflow and outflow of the pond, the sewage after circulating treatment can continuously participate in secondary or multiple circulation, and the next batch of biogas slurry is added until the pollution is less. When the water in the system is excessive, the pond water with clear water in the treatment unit can be directly discharged out of the system, and then the next batch of biogas slurry is introduced to continue the similar treatment.
Part of the pig manure is directly collected or used for compost production on forest land units, and straws and the like are added for treatment to obtain organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is directly sold to production enterprises such as vegetables and the like and is also used for plants or fruit trees on pond ridges in the composite ecological system. In addition, if the pig manure has no prohibited drugs, organic products such as organic rice can be obtained by utilizing resource products after the pig manure is treated.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications to the present invention based on the above description. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments should not be construed as limitations of the invention, which are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A compound kind farming systems for dirty processing of scale beasts and birds breed excrement, its characterized in that includes:
a plurality of livestock and poultry breeding units containing pig farms;
the planting unit consists of a rice field, a forest, a fecal sewage treatment tank, an emergent aquatic plant planting area, an aquatic vegetable planting area, a vegetable greenhouse and a submerged plant planting area in sequence;
also comprises a plurality of aquaculture ponds;
wherein:
the livestock and poultry breeding unit is communicated with the planting unit through a fecaluria conveying pipeline, a drainage ditch and a sewage inlet pipeline are arranged in/between the planting units, and a water pump is arranged in the sewage treatment tank;
the manure treatment pool is positioned between a forest and emergent aquatic plants;
the excrement and urine conveying pipeline can convey the pig excrement and urine sewage in the livestock and poultry breeding unit into the planting unit in a biogas slurry mode, a water-soaked excrement mode or excrement and urine after dry-wet separation, and the pig farm in the livestock and poultry breeding unit sets the breeding scale to be 500-mou/ten-thousand pigs according to the nutrition load concentration.
2. The composite seed culture system of claim 1,
breeding the periwinkle snails, the field snails or the mussels in the planting unit;
reed or calamus are planted in the emergent aquatic plant planting area;
planting lotus roots, water bamboo or cress in the aquatic vegetable planting area;
the forest is planted with water-tolerant pond fir, pine or willow.
3. The composite seed culture system of claim 1, wherein the planting unit is adapted to contain therein a form of polyculture of aquatic animals, in particular: freshwater shrimps are cultured in the submerged plant area, loaches and finless eels are polycultured in the aquatic vegetable planting area, and crabs or crayfishes are polycultured in the rice field.
4. The compound breeding system of claim 1, wherein the height of the banks of the aquaculture pond is not less than 2 m, the water depth is 3-5 m, and one or more than two of herring, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp, crucian carp and bream are bred in the pond.
5. The composite seed culture system of claim 1, further comprising an oxygen or micro-oxygen increasing device.
6. The composite seed culture system of claim 1, wherein water in the drainage channel of the composite seed culture system can be pumped by the pump to a drain pipe for circulation a plurality of times until an exclusion criterion is met.
7. The compound breeding system of claim 1, wherein the livestock breeding unit is a conventional breeding livestock farm, and an impermeable membrane is laid on the bottom.
8. The composite aquaculture system of claim 1 wherein said aquaculture pond is sized to control the amount of influent contamination by adjusting the size of the influent valve according to different aquaculture styles.
9. The compound seed and culture system of claim 1, wherein the forests are used as first pass units of water-soaked manure for livestock and poultry dry manure composting fermentation, organic fertilizer production or earthworm production directly, the manure is deposited on the forest land, and the supernatant is circulated to the planting or culture unit to promote compost production.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109892232A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-18 | 上海海洋大学 | Aggregate species cultivating system and its application in scale animal and poultry cultivation treatment for cow manure |
| CN112425304A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 宁波圣捷喷雾泵有限公司 | Method for planting crops in desert |
| CN113692971A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽水部落环保科技有限公司 | Vegetable planting system based on biogas slurry purification |
| CN113875631A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-01-04 | 河海大学 | Chicken manure ecological treatment and recycling system and operation method |
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2019
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201920416488.4U patent/CN209914686U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109892232A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-18 | 上海海洋大学 | Aggregate species cultivating system and its application in scale animal and poultry cultivation treatment for cow manure |
| CN112425304A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 宁波圣捷喷雾泵有限公司 | Method for planting crops in desert |
| CN113692971A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽水部落环保科技有限公司 | Vegetable planting system based on biogas slurry purification |
| CN113692971B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-02-28 | 安徽水部落环保科技有限公司 | Vegetable planting system based on biogas slurry purification |
| CN113875631A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-01-04 | 河海大学 | Chicken manure ecological treatment and recycling system and operation method |
| CN113875631B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-09-30 | 河海大学 | Chicken manure ecological treatment and recycling system and operation method |
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