CN103518657A - Intermediate cultivating method capable of improving survival rate of pinctada maxima spats - Google Patents
Intermediate cultivating method capable of improving survival rate of pinctada maxima spats Download PDFInfo
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- CN103518657A CN103518657A CN201310501542.2A CN201310501542A CN103518657A CN 103518657 A CN103518657 A CN 103518657A CN 201310501542 A CN201310501542 A CN 201310501542A CN 103518657 A CN103518657 A CN 103518657A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intermediate cultivating method capable of improving the survival rate of pinctada maxima spats and belongs to the technical field of shellfish culture. The intermediate cultivating method comprises the following steps of choosing 5-20 acres of shrimp pond with the water storage depth between 1.5m and 2.5m, applying fertilizers to cultivate unit-cell algae baits, putting litopenaeus vannamei shrimp seeds, transferring the seeds to 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bags from attachment boards when specifications of the spats reach about 2mm, then suspending and cultivating the spats in the shrimp pond, cultivating and managing the spats, clearing up attachment on the mesh bags every 5-7 days, cleaning up float sludge to keep smoothness of water inside and outside the mesh bags, using 20-mesh mesh bags when the specifications of the spats reach 6-8mm, and using 10-mesh mesh bags when the specifications of the spats reach 10.0-15.0mm. In addition, a bottom material of the bottom of the shrimp pond is sludge and sand, water can be drained in and out of the shrimp pond conveniently, the body length of each litopenaeus vannamei shrimp seed is 1.0-1.5cm, and the density of the litopenaeus vannamei shrimp seeds is 20,000-30,000 per acre. In the 60-mesh mesh bags, the density of the litopenaeus vannamei shrimp seeds is 5,000-6,000 per bag. In the 20-mesh mesh bags, the density of the litopenaeus vannamei shrimp seeds is 2,500-3,000 per bag. In the 10-mesh mesh bags, the density of the litopenaeus vannamei shrimp seeds is 800-1,000 per bag. The intermediate cultivating method is simple in step, low in cost and capable of effectively improving the survival rate of pinctada maxima spats.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves large nacre weed survival rate, be specifically related to a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method that improves large nacre weed survival rate, belong to shellfish culture technical field.
Background technology
Large nacre (<i TranNum="57">pinctada maxima</i>jameson), claiming again white butterfly shell, is one of female shellfish of ideal of the large-scale high-quality sea water pearls of universally acknowledged cultivation, is mainly distributed in the Australia bank of the South Pacific Ocean and country in Southeast Asia's immediate offshore area of Western Pacific; In China, be mainly distributed in that Hainan Province is coastal, the Leizhou in the Lezhou Peninsula, Guangdong Province, Xuwen and Weizhou Island, Guangxi.After 20th century the mid-80s, because sea area is seriously polluted, ecotope wrecks, and causes large nacre low in the survival rate of natural waters; Add excessive marine fishing, large nacre has faced existence predicament in China.Since the seventies in last century, there are many relevant R&D institution and scientific and technical personnel in China, try hard to from different perspectives and approach goes to solve the survival rate problem of seed between the mature stage of sea area, but fail to obtain good solution always, this is seriously restricting the Industrialization Progress of China's large nacre.
In order to solve the problem of the low survival rate of large nacre between the mature stage of sea area, China scientific research personnel has carried out a large amount of research, is mainly summarized as follows: the 1) improvement of breeding cage; 2) in the middle of indoor cement pit, be bred as.When seed, from nursery pond, transfer to the breeding process of sea area, the principal element that affects weed survival rate comprises the variation of bait, envirment factor (temperature and salinity) and other microorganism predation etc.Therefore, select that food organisms are abundant, metastable environment can effectively improve survival rate and the growth rate of seed.The Micro Algae food organisms such as a large amount of diatoms and green alga are contained in prawn culturing pond, can provide sufficient bait for shellfish.Simultaneously, prawn and shellfish are raised together with, cultivation shellfish take phytoplankton, microorganism, organic debris, even prawn ight soil is food, can reduce the water quality deterioration that water body causes because of organic substance decomposing, reduced the place that the harmful bacterias such as pathogene, vibrios grow, improved breeding environment, be conducive to the quick healthy growth of prawn, and improved bait utilization.For example, Hu Jiacai etc. (1995) reported Crassostrea rivularis (
ostrea rivularis) and japonicus (
penaeus japonicus) arranging in pairs or groups cultivates, prawn per mu yield improves 30% than contrast monoculture pond, and survival rate raising 17%, dressing percentage that oyster cultivates than natural waters increase by 20.3%.
The present invention utilizes in Shrimp Pond-culture large nacre seed, can effectively improve the survival rate of seed, and has the advantages such as easy and simple to handle, easy popularization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method that improves large nacre weed survival rate, can effectively improve the survival rate of seed, and there is the advantages such as easy and simple to handle, easy popularization.
For realizing the object of foregoing invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method that improves large nacre weed survival rate, comprises the steps:
(1) the shrimp pool is selected: select 5-20 mu pond, and the high 2.5-3.5m of dike, the dark 1.5-2.5m of retaining, the husky substrate of pond bed mud, enters draining conveniently;
(2) shrimp seedling is thrown in: Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shrimp seedling, the long 1.0-1.5cm of body, density 2-3 ten thousand tail/mus, the Articial bait making of regularly throwing something and feeding;
(3) seed rearing: when large nacre seed size reaches 2-3mm left and right, seed is transferred to 60 order polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, then hanging culture is on the shrimp pool;
(4) aquaculture management: every 5-7 days, remove the attachment of mesh bag, clean mud scum, keep the inside and outside current of mesh bag unobstructed, and and time-division seedling.
Described hanging culture density is 5000-6000 grain/bag.
Described and time-division seedling, seed size reaches 6-8mm, uses 20 object mesh bags instead, density 2500-3000 grain/bag; Seed size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, uses 10 order mesh bags instead, density 800-1000 grain/bag.
Technique effect of the present invention is:
(1) prawn and shellfish are raised together with, cultivation shellfish take phytoplankton, microorganism, organic debris, even prawn ight soil is food, reduce the water quality deterioration that water body causes because of organic substance decomposing, reduced the place that the harmful bacterias such as pathogene, vibrios grow, improved breeding environment, be conducive to the quick healthy growth of large nacre, and improved bait utilization;
(3) adopt the method can effectively improve the survival rate of seed, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk reaches 60 ~ 70%, and than the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation improves 20 ~ 30%;
(3) this breeding method has the advantages such as easy and simple to handle, with low cost, easy popularization.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further explain the present invention, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
On April 23rd, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.The large nacre that utilization is introduced from Indonesia is bred progeny population as parent, and floating larvae is juvenile mollusk through 26 days growth settlement and metamorphosis, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, 6000/bag of density, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 10 mu, and the retaining degree of depth 1.8 m transfer to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.2cm shrimp seedling, 20,000 tail/mus, the Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 7 days, clean attachment and the mud of mesh bag outside; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 6.5mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 3000/bag of density; Through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 12.3mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 1000/bag of density again.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 67.4%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 41.2%.
Embodiment 2
On May 11st, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.The large nacre that utilization is introduced from Indonesia is bred progeny population as parent, and floating larvae is juvenile mollusk through 26 days growth settlement and metamorphosis, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, 5000/bag of density, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 5 mu, and the retaining degree of depth 1.5 m transfer to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.0cm shrimp seedling, 20,000 tail/mus, the Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 5 days, clean attachment and the mud of mesh bag outside; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 6.8mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 2500/bag of density; Through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 12.5mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 800/bag of density again.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 66.5%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 42.1%.
Embodiment 3
On June 2nd, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.The large nacre that utilization is introduced from Indonesia is bred progeny population as parent, and floating larvae is juvenile mollusk through 26 days growth settlement and metamorphosis, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, 5500/bag of density, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 20 mu, and the retaining degree of depth 2.5 m transfer to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.5cm shrimp seedling, 30,000 tail/mus, the Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 6 days, clean attachment and the mud of mesh bag outside; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 7.0 mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 3000/bag of density; Through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 13.4mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 900/bag of density again.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 67.7%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 40.3%.
Embodiment 4
On July 17th, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.The large nacre that utilization is introduced from Indonesia is bred progeny population as parent, and floating larvae is juvenile mollusk through 26 days growth settlement and metamorphosis, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, 5000/bag of density, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 10 mu, and the retaining degree of depth 2.0 m transfer to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.0cm shrimp seedling, 30,000 tail/mus, the Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 5 days, clean attachment and the mud of mesh bag outside; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 7.2mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 3000/bag of density; Through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 13.7mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 1000/bag of density again.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 65.8%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 39.2%.
Embodiment 5
On August 23rd, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.The large nacre that utilization is introduced from Indonesia is bred progeny population as parent, and floating larvae is juvenile mollusk through 26 days growth settlement and metamorphosis, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, 6000/bag of density, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 10 mu, and the retaining degree of depth 1.8 m transfer to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.2cm shrimp seedling, 2.5 ten thousand tail/mus, the Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 7 days, clean attachment and the mud of mesh bag outside; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 7.0mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 2500/bag of density; Through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 12.5mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, 800/bag of density again.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 68.3%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 42.6%.
Claims (3)
1. a continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method that improves large nacre weed survival rate, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) the shrimp pool is selected: select 5-20 mu pond, and the high 2.5-3.5m of dike, the dark 1.5-2.5m of retaining, take silt as substrate at the bottom of pond, enter draining conveniently;
(2) shrimp seedling is thrown in: Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shrimp seedling, the long 1.0-1.5cm of body, density 2-3 ten thousand tail/mus, the Articial bait making of regularly throwing something and feeding;
(3) seed rearing: when large nacre seed size reaches 2-3mm, seed is transferred to 60 order polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, then hanging culture is on the shrimp pool;
(4) aquaculture management: every 5-7 days, remove the attachment of mesh bag, clean mud scum, keep the inside and outside current of mesh bag unobstructed, and and time-division seedling.
2. a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method that improves large nacre weed survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described hanging culture density of step (3) is 5000-6000 grain/bag.
3. a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method that improves large nacre weed survival rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (4) described and time-division seedling, seed size reaches 6-8mm, uses 20 object mesh bags instead, density 2500-3000 grain/bag; Seed size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, uses 10 order mesh bags instead, density 800-1000 grain/bag.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106135079A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of cultchless oyster pond intermediate rearing |
| CN111771785A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-16 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for improving sea area culture survival rate of pinctada maxima seedlings |
| CN114600808A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-06-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Parent nacre pond ripening cultivation method |
| CN114600806A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Ripening promoting method for cultivating Xishi lingual parent shellfish by using pond algae |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106135079A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of cultchless oyster pond intermediate rearing |
| CN111771785A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-16 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for improving sea area culture survival rate of pinctada maxima seedlings |
| CN114600806A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Ripening promoting method for cultivating Xishi lingual parent shellfish by using pond algae |
| CN114600808A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-06-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Parent nacre pond ripening cultivation method |
| CN114600808B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-05-09 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating nacre Bei Qinbei in pond to promote maturation |
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