CN103518657B - A kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method improving large nacre weed survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method improving large nacre weed survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103518657B CN103518657B CN201310501542.2A CN201310501542A CN103518657B CN 103518657 B CN103518657 B CN 103518657B CN 201310501542 A CN201310501542 A CN 201310501542A CN 103518657 B CN103518657 B CN 103518657B
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- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004698 Polyethylene (PE) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000000538 Tail Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000000384 rearing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 21
- 230000000366 juvenile Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003203 everyday Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001522252 Crassostrea rivularis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001124325 Marsupenaeus japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255969 Pieris brassicae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001490476 Pinctada maxima Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009343 monoculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method improving large nacre weed survival rate, belong to technical field of shellfish culture; Be made up of following steps: the shrimp pool selecting 5-20 mu, water-storage depth 1.5-2.5m, the husky substrate of pond bed mud, enters draining conveniently; Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shrimp seedling, the long 1.0-1.5cm of body, density 2-3 ten thousand tails/mu; When spat seed size reaches about 2mm, seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, density 5000-6000 grain/bag, then hanging culture is on the shrimp pool; Aquaculture management, every 5-7 days, remove the attachment of mesh bag, clean mud scum, inside and outside keeping mesh bag, current are unobstructed; Specification reaches 6-8mm, uses 20 object mesh bags instead, density 2500-3000 grain/bag; Specification reaches 10.0-15.0mm, uses 10 order mesh bags instead, density 800-1000 grain/bag; This processing step is simple, and cost is lower, effectively can improve the survival rate of large nacre seed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method improving large nacre weed survival rate, be specifically related to a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method improving large nacre weed survival rate, belong to technical field of shellfish culture.
Background technology
Large nacre (
pinctada maximajameson), also known as white butterfly shell, be one of female shellfish of ideal of the large-scale high-quality sea water pearls of universally acknowledged cultivation, be mainly distributed in the Australia bank of the South Pacific Ocean and country in Southeast Asia's immediate offshore area of Western Pacific; Mainly be distributed in that Hainan Province is coastal in China, the Leizhou in the Lezhou Peninsula, Guangdong Province, Xuwen and Weizhou Island, Guangxi.After 20th century the mid-80s, because sea area is seriously polluted, ecotope wrecks, and causes large nacre low in the survival rate of natural waters; Add excessive marine fishing, large nacre has faced existence predicament in China.Since the seventies in last century, there are many relevant R&D institutions and scientific and technical personnel in China, try hard to from different perspectives and approach go to solve the survival rate problem of seed between sea area mature stage, but fail to obtain good solution, this seriously governs the Industrialization Progress of China's large nacre always.
In order to solve the problem of the low survival rate of large nacre between the mature stage of sea area, China scientific research personnel has carried out large quantifier elimination, is mainly summarized as follows: the 1) improvement of breeding cage; 2) indoor water mud sump Transitional culture.When seed is transferred to the breeding process of sea area from nursery pond, the principal element affecting weed survival rate comprises change and other microorganism predation etc. of bait, envirment factor (temperature and salinity).Therefore, food organisms are enriched, metastable environment effectively can improve seed survival rate and growth rate is selected.The Micro Algae food organisms such as a large amount of diatoms and green alga are contained in prawn culturing pond, can provide sufficient bait for shellfish.Simultaneously, prawn and shellfish are raised together with, cultivation shellfish with phytoplankton, microorganism, organic debris, even prawn ight soil for food, the water quality deterioration that water body causes because of organic substance decomposing can be reduced, decrease the place that the harmful bacteria such as pathogene, vibrios grows, improve breeding environment, be conducive to the quick healthy growth of prawn, and improve bait utilization.Such as, Hu Jiacai etc. (1995) report Crassostrea rivularis (
ostrea rivularis) and japonicus (
penaeus japonicus) cultivation of arranging in pairs or groups, prawn per mu yield improves 30% than contrast monoculture pond, and the survival rate raising 17% that oyster cultivates than natural waters, dressing percentage increase by 20.3%.
The advantages such as the present invention utilizes in Shrimp Pond-culture large nacre seed, effectively can improve the survival rate of seed, and have easy and simple to handle, easy popularization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method improving large nacre weed survival rate, effectively can improve the survival rate of seed, and have easy and simple to handle, the advantages such as easy popularization.
For realizing the object of foregoing invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
Improve a continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method for large nacre weed survival rate, comprise the steps:
(1) the shrimp pool is selected: select 5-20 mu pond, dike height 2.5-3.5m, the dark 1.5-2.5m of retaining, and the husky substrate of pond bed mud, enters draining conveniently;
(2) shrimp seedling is thrown in: Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shrimp seedling, the long 1.0-1.5cm of body, density 2-3 ten thousand tails/mu, Articial bait making of regularly throwing something and feeding;
(3) seed rearing: when large nacre seed size reaches about 2-3mm, seed is transferred to 60 order polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and then hanging culture is on the shrimp pool;
(4) aquaculture management: every 5-7 days, removes the attachment of mesh bag, cleans mud scum, and inside and outside keeping mesh bag, current are unobstructed, and and time-division seedling.
Described hanging culture density is 5000-6000 grain/bag.
Described and time-division seedling, namely seed size reaches 6-8mm, uses 20 object mesh bags instead, density 2500-3000 grain/bag; Seed size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, uses 10 order mesh bags instead, density 800-1000 grain/bag.
Technique effect of the present invention is:
(1) prawn and shellfish are raised together with, cultivation shellfish with phytoplankton, microorganism, organic debris, even prawn ight soil for food, reduce the water quality deterioration that water body causes because of organic substance decomposing, decrease the place that the harmful bacteria such as pathogene, vibrios grows, improve breeding environment, be conducive to the quick healthy growth of large nacre, and improve bait utilization;
(3) adopt the method effectively can improve the survival rate of seed, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is to 60 ~ 70%, and than the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation improves 20 ~ 30%;
(3) advantages such as this breeding method has easy and simple to handle, with low cost, easy popularization.
Embodiment
Explain the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
On April 23rd, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.Utilize the large nacre introduced from Indonesia to breed progeny population as parent, it is juvenile mollusk that floating larvae grew settlement and metamorphosis through 26 days, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and density 6000/bag, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 10 mu, water-storage depth 1.8 m, transfers to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.2cm shrimp seedling, 20,000 tails/mu, Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 7 days, the attachment outside cleaning mesh bag and mud; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 6.5mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 3000/bag; Again through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reaches 12.3mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 1000/bag.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 67.4%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 41.2%.
Embodiment 2
On May 11st, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.Utilize the large nacre introduced from Indonesia to breed progeny population as parent, it is juvenile mollusk that floating larvae grew settlement and metamorphosis through 26 days, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and density 5000/bag, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 5 mu, water-storage depth 1.5 m, transfers to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.0cm shrimp seedling, 20,000 tails/mu, Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 5 days, the attachment outside cleaning mesh bag and mud; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 6.8mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 2500/bag; Again through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reaches 12.5mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 800/bag.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 66.5%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 42.1%.
Embodiment 3
On June 2nd, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.Utilize the large nacre introduced from Indonesia to breed progeny population as parent, it is juvenile mollusk that floating larvae grew settlement and metamorphosis through 26 days, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and density 5500/bag, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 20 mu, water-storage depth 2.5 m, transfers to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.5cm shrimp seedling, 30,000 tails/mu, Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 6 days, the attachment outside cleaning mesh bag and mud; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 7.0 mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 3000/bag; Again through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reaches 13.4mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 900/bag.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 67.7%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 40.3%.
Embodiment 4
On July 17th, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.Utilize the large nacre introduced from Indonesia to breed progeny population as parent, it is juvenile mollusk that floating larvae grew settlement and metamorphosis through 26 days, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and density 5000/bag, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 10 mu, water-storage depth 2.0 m, transfers to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.0cm shrimp seedling, 30,000 tails/mu, Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 5 days, the attachment outside cleaning mesh bag and mud; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 7.2mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 3000/bag; Again through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reaches 13.7mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 1000/bag.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 65.8%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 39.2%.
Embodiment 5
On August 23rd, 2012, Leizhou Hai Wei aquaculture Co., Ltd.Utilize the large nacre introduced from Indonesia to breed progeny population as parent, it is juvenile mollusk that floating larvae grew settlement and metamorphosis through 26 days, then reaches 2mm specification through the growth of 25 days.Seed is transferred to 60 object polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and density 6000/bag, hanging culture is on the shrimp pool.Shrimp pool area is 10 mu, water-storage depth 1.8 m, transfers to the shrimp pool first 25 days spat, and Micro Algae bait is cultivated in fertilising, throws in specification 1.2cm shrimp seedling, 2.5 ten thousand tails/mu, Articial bait making of throwing something and feeding every day.Aquaculture management: every 7 days, the attachment outside cleaning mesh bag and mud; Through cultivation in 15 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reached 7.0mm, uses 20 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 2500/bag; Again through cultivation in 20 days, the specification of juvenile mollusk reaches 12.5mm, uses 10 order polyethylene mesh bags instead, density 800/bag.Between the finishing period of the shrimp pool, the survival rate of juvenile mollusk is 68.3%, and the same period, the survival rate of sea area cultivation was 42.6%.
Claims (1)
1. improve a continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method for large nacre weed survival rate, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) the shrimp pool is selected: select 5-20 mu pond, dike height 2.5-3.5m, the dark 1.5-2.5m of retaining, is substrate with silt at the bottom of pond, and it is convenient to enter draining;
(2) shrimp seedling is thrown in: transfer to the fertilising in first 25 days of the shrimp pool spat and cultivate Micro Algae bait, throw in Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shrimp seedling, the long 1.0-1.5cm of body, density 2-3 ten thousand tails/mu, Articial bait making of regularly throwing something and feeding;
(3) seed rearing: when large nacre seed size reaches 2-3mm, seed is transferred to 60 order polyethylene mesh bags from lamina affixad, and then hanging culture is on the shrimp pool, and hanging culture density is 5000-6000 grain/bag;
(4) aquaculture management: every 5-7 days, removes the attachment of mesh bag, cleans mud scum, and inside and outside keeping mesh bag, current are unobstructed, and and time-division seedling, seed size reaches 6-8mm, uses 20 object mesh bags instead, density 2500-3000 grain/bag; Seed size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, uses 10 order mesh bags instead, density 800-1000 grain/bag.
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| CN106135079A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-23 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | A kind of method of cultchless oyster pond intermediate rearing |
| CN111771785A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-10-16 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for improving sea area culture survival rate of pinctada maxima seedlings |
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| US6192833B1 (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2001-02-27 | Clemson University | Partitioned aquaculture system |
| JP3887319B2 (en) * | 2003-01-20 | 2007-02-28 | 株式会社陸上養殖工学研究所 | Seafood culture system and seafood culture method |
| TWM259474U (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-03-21 | Chuen-Lian Juang | 3D aquafarm equipment for fish, shrimp, and shellfish cultivation |
| CN100490639C (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-05-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating young shellfish during artificial breeding process |
| CN101248766A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2008-08-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Shrimp-fish-shellfish-algae multiple cultivation and water quality biological regulate and control system thereof |
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