CN103518657B - A kind of continental rise controlled water body intermediate cultivate method improving large nacre weed survival rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intermediate cultivation method for improving the survival rate of Pinctada maxima seedlings, which belongs to the technical field of shellfish cultivation; it consists of the following steps: select a shrimp pond of 5-20 mu, the water storage depth is 1.5-2.5m, and the pond The bottom is silt and sandy, and the drainage is convenient; fertilize and cultivate the bait of Monocellus algae, and put the shrimp seedlings of Litopenaeus vannamei, the body length is 1.0-1.5cm, and the density is 20,000-30,000/mu; when the size of the shellfish seedling reaches about 2mm , transfer the seedlings from the attachment plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag, with a density of 5000-6000 grains/bag, and then hang them in the shrimp pond; for breeding management, remove the attachments of the mesh bag every 5-7 days, and wash them Floating mud keeps the water flow inside and outside the mesh bag smooth; if the size reaches 6-8mm, replace it with a 20-mesh mesh bag with a density of 2500-3000 grains/bag; if the size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, replace it with a 10-mesh mesh bag with a density of 800-1000 grains per bag; the process has simple steps and low cost, and can effectively improve the survival rate of pinnacle oyster seedlings.

Description

A kind of intermediate breeding method for improving the survival rate of pinnacle oyster seedlings

technical field

The invention relates to a method for improving the survival rate of pinnacle oyster seedlings, in particular to an intermediate cultivation method for improving the survival rate of pinnata pinnata seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of shellfish cultivation.

Background technique

Pinctada maxima Jameson ( Pinctada maxima Jameson), also known as white butterfly oyster, is recognized as one of the ideal mother oysters for cultivating large and high-quality seawater pearls in the world. It is mainly distributed in the coastal waters of Australia in the South Pacific and Southeast Asian countries in the West Pacific; in In China, it is mainly distributed in the coastal areas of Hainan Province, Leizhou and Xuwen in the Leizhou Peninsula of Guangdong Province, and Weizhou Island in Guangxi. Since the mid-1980s, due to the serious pollution of the sea area and the destruction of the ecological environment, the survival rate of the large pearl oyster in the natural sea area has been low; coupled with excessive marine fishing, the large pearl oyster has faced survival difficulties in my country. Since the 1970s, many relevant scientific research units and scientific and technical personnel in our country have tried to solve the problem of seedling survival rate during sea area cultivation from different angles and ways, but have not been able to obtain a good solution, which seriously restricts It is driving the industrialization progress of my country's pinnacle oyster.

In order to solve the problem of low survival rate of Pearl oyster during cultivation in sea areas, Chinese researchers have carried out a lot of research, mainly summarized as follows: 1) Improvement of breeding cages; 2) Cultivation in the middle of indoor cement ponds. When the seed is transferred from the nursery pond to the sea area for cultivation, the main factors affecting the survival rate of the seed include changes in bait, environmental factors (temperature and salinity) and other biological predation. Therefore, choosing a bait organism rich and relatively stable environment can effectively improve the survival rate and growth rate of seedlings. Shrimp culture ponds contain a large number of diatoms and green algae and other single-celled algal food organisms, which can provide sufficient bait for shellfish. At the same time, prawns and shellfish are polycultured, and the cultured shellfish feed on phytoplankton, microorganisms, organic debris, and even prawn feces, which can reduce the deterioration of water quality caused by the decomposition of organic matter in the water body, and reduce the growth of harmful bacteria such as pathogens and Vibrio The place improves the breeding environment, is conducive to the rapid and healthy growth of prawns, and improves the utilization rate of bait. For example, Hu Jiacai et al. (1995) reported that the combined culture of near river oysters ( Ostrea rivularis ) and Japanese prawns ( Penaeus japonicus ) increased by 30% on average per mu of prawns, and the survival rate of oysters was 17% higher than that in natural sea areas. , The meat output rate increased by 20.3%.

The invention utilizes the cultivation of the pinnata juniper seedlings in the prawn pond, can effectively improve the survival rate of the seedlings, and has the advantages of simple operation, easy popularization, and the like.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an intermediate cultivation method for improving the survival rate of pinnata pinnata seedlings, which can effectively improve the survival rate of seedlings, and has the advantages of simple operation and easy popularization.

For realizing the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:

A kind of intermediate cultivation method that improves the survival rate of pinnacle oyster seedling, comprises the steps:

(1) Shrimp pond selection: choose a pond of 5-20 mu, with embankment height of 2.5-3.5m, water storage depth of 1.5-2.5m, bottom of the pond with sandy texture, and easy drainage;

(2) Shrimp feeding: Fertilize and cultivate the bait of Monocellular algae, put the shrimp seedlings of Litopenaeus vannamei, the body length is 1.0-1.5cm, the density is 20,000-30,000/mu, and the artificial bait is fed regularly;

(3) Seed cultivation: When the size of the pearl oyster seed reaches about 2-3mm, transfer the seed from the attached plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag, and then hang it in the shrimp pond;

(4) Breeding management: Every 5-7 days, remove the attachments of the mesh bag, wash the floating mud, keep the water flow inside and outside the mesh bag unimpeded, and divide the seedlings in time.

The hanging density is 5000-6000 grains/bag.

The timely division of seedlings, that is, when the seed size reaches 6-8mm, replace it with a 20-mesh mesh bag with a density of 2500-3000 grains/bag; if the seed size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, replace it with a 10-mesh mesh bag with a density of 800- 1000 grains/bag.

Technical effect of the present invention is:

(1) Shrimp and shellfish are polycultured, and the cultured shellfish feed on phytoplankton, microorganisms, organic debris, and even shrimp feces, which reduces the deterioration of water quality caused by the decomposition of organic matter in the water body, and reduces the growth of harmful bacteria such as pathogens and Vibrio The place improves the breeding environment, which is conducive to the rapid and healthy growth of the pearl oyster, and improves the utilization rate of bait;

(3) Adopting this method can effectively improve the survival rate of seedlings, and the survival rate of juvenile shellfish reaches 60-70%, which is 20-30% higher than the survival rate of sea area culture in the same period;

(3) The breeding method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and easy promotion.

Detailed ways

The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form.

Example 1

On April 23, 2012, Leizhou Haiwei Aquaculture Co., Ltd. The large pearl oyster introduced from Indonesia was used as the parent to breed the progeny group, and the planktonic larvae grew and metamorphosed into spat after 26 days, and then grew to a size of 2mm after 25 days. The seedlings were transferred from the attachment plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 6000 grains/bag, and they were suspended and raised in shrimp ponds. The area of the shrimp pond is 10 mu, and the water storage depth is 1.8 m. 25 days before the seedlings are transferred to the shrimp pond, fertilize and cultivate the bait of unicellular algae, put in 1.2cm shrimp seedlings, 20,000 tails/mu, and feed artificially formulated bait every day . Breeding management: every 7 days, clean the attachments and silt on the outside of the mesh bag; after 15 days of cultivation, the size of the spat reaches 6.5mm, and replace it with a 20-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 3000 grains/bag; after another 20 days For breeding, the size of juvenile shellfish reaches 12.3mm, and they are replaced with 10-mesh polyethylene mesh bags with a density of 1000 grains/bag. During the breeding period of shrimp ponds, the survival rate of juvenile shellfish was 67.4%, and the survival rate of sea area cultured in the same period was 41.2%.

Example 2

On May 11, 2012, Leizhou Haiwei Aquaculture Co., Ltd. The large pearl oyster introduced from Indonesia was used as the parent to breed the progeny group, and the planktonic larvae grew and metamorphosed into spat after 26 days, and then grew to a size of 2mm after 25 days. The seedlings were transferred from the attachment plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 5000 grains/bag, and were suspended in the shrimp pond. The area of the shrimp pond is 5 mu, and the water storage depth is 1.5 m. 25 days before the shellfish are transferred to the shrimp pond, fertilize and cultivate the bait of unicellular algae, put in 1.0cm shrimp seedlings, 20,000 tails/mu, and feed artificially formulated bait every day . Breeding management: every 5 days, clean the attachments and silt on the outside of the mesh bag; after 15 days of cultivation, the size of the spat reaches 6.8mm, and replace it with a 20-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 2500 grains/bag; after another 20 days For breeding, the size of juvenile shellfish reaches 12.5mm, and they are replaced with 10-mesh polyethylene mesh bags with a density of 800 grains/bag. During the breeding period of shrimp ponds, the survival rate of juvenile shellfish was 66.5%, and the survival rate of sea area cultured in the same period was 42.1%.

Example 3

On June 2, 2012, Leizhou Haiwei Aquaculture Co., Ltd. The large pearl oyster introduced from Indonesia was used as the parent to breed the progeny group, and the planktonic larvae grew and metamorphosed into spat after 26 days, and then grew to a size of 2mm after 25 days. The seedlings were transferred from the attachment plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 5500 grains/bag, and were suspended in shrimp ponds. The area of the shrimp pond is 20 mu, and the water storage depth is 2.5 m. 25 days before the shellfish are transferred to the shrimp pond, fertilize and cultivate the bait of unicellular algae, put in 1.5cm shrimp seedlings, 30,000 tails/mu, and feed artificially formulated bait every day . Breeding management: every 6 days, clean the attachments and silt on the outside of the mesh bag; after 15 days of cultivation, the size of the spat reaches 7.0 mm, and replace it with a 20-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 3000 grains/bag; after another 20 days For breeding, the size of juvenile shellfish reaches 13.4mm, and they are replaced with 10-mesh polyethylene mesh bags with a density of 900 grains/bag. During the breeding period of shrimp ponds, the survival rate of juvenile shellfish was 67.7%, and the survival rate of sea area cultured in the same period was 40.3%.

Example 4

On July 17, 2012, Leizhou Haiwei Aquaculture Co., Ltd. The large pearl oyster introduced from Indonesia was used as the parent to breed the progeny group, and the planktonic larvae grew and metamorphosed into spat after 26 days, and then grew to a size of 2mm after 25 days. The seedlings were transferred from the attachment plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 5000 grains/bag, and were suspended in the shrimp pond. The area of the shrimp pond is 10 mu, and the water storage depth is 2.0 m. 25 days before the shrimp seedlings are transferred to the shrimp pond, fertilize and cultivate the single-celled algae bait, put in 1.0cm shrimp seedlings, 30,000 tails/mu, and feed artificially formulated bait every day . Breeding management: every 5 days, clean the attachments and silt on the outside of the mesh bag; after 15 days of cultivation, the size of the spat reaches 7.2mm, and replace it with a 20-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 3000 grains/bag; after another 20 days For breeding, the size of juvenile shellfish reaches 13.7mm, and they are replaced with 10-mesh polyethylene mesh bags with a density of 1000 grains/bag. During the breeding period of shrimp ponds, the survival rate of juvenile shellfish was 65.8%, and the survival rate of sea area cultured in the same period was 39.2%.

Example 5

On August 23, 2012, Leizhou Haiwei Aquaculture Co., Ltd. The large pearl oyster introduced from Indonesia was used as the parent to breed the progeny group, and the planktonic larvae grew and metamorphosed into spat after 26 days, and then grew to a size of 2mm after 25 days. The seedlings were transferred from the attachment plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 6000 grains/bag, and they were suspended and raised in shrimp ponds. The area of the shrimp pond is 10 mu, and the water storage depth is 1.8 m. 25 days before the shellfish are transferred to the shrimp pond, fertilize and cultivate the bait of unicellular algae, put in 1.2cm shrimp seedlings, 25,000 tails/mu, and feed the artificial bait every day . Breeding management: every 7 days, clean the attachments and silt on the outside of the mesh bag; after 15 days of cultivation, the size of the spat reaches 7.0mm, and replace it with a 20-mesh polyethylene mesh bag with a density of 2,500 grains/bag; after another 20 days For breeding, the size of juvenile shellfish reaches 12.5mm, and they are replaced with 10-mesh polyethylene mesh bags with a density of 800 grains/bag. During the breeding period of shrimp ponds, the survival rate of juvenile shellfish was 68.3%, and the survival rate of sea area cultured in the same period was 42.6%.

Claims (1)

1. a method for cultivating in the middle of improving the survival rate of pearl oyster fronds, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: (1) Shrimp pond selection: choose a pond of 5-20 mu, with a dike height of 2.5-3.5m and a water storage depth of 1.5-2.5m. The bottom of the pond is made of sand, which is convenient for drainage; (2) Shrimp seed feeding: 25 days before the seedlings are transferred to the shrimp pond, fertilize and cultivate the bait of Monocystis prawns, and put in the shrimp seedlings of Litopenaeus vannamei, with a body length of 1.0-1.5 cm and a density of 20,000 to 30,000 fish/mu. Regular feeding Feeding artificial bait; (3) Seed cultivation: When the size of Pinctada oyster seed reaches 2-3mm, transfer the seed from the attached plate to a 60-mesh polyethylene mesh bag, and then hang it in the shrimp pond with a hanging density of 5000-6000 grains /bag; (4) Breeding management: every 5-7 days, remove the attachments of the mesh bag, wash the floating mud, keep the water flow inside and outside the mesh bag unimpeded, and divide the seedlings in time. The seedling size reaches 6-8mm, and replace it with a 20-mesh mesh Bags, density 2500-3000 grains/bag; seedling size reaches 10.0-15.0mm, replace with 10-mesh mesh bags, density 800-1000 grains/bag.