CN100397983C - Ecological environment optimization regulation method for prawn breeding pool on alkaline land - Google Patents
Ecological environment optimization regulation method for prawn breeding pool on alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN100397983C CN100397983C CNB2006100436251A CN200610043625A CN100397983C CN 100397983 C CN100397983 C CN 100397983C CN B2006100436251 A CNB2006100436251 A CN B2006100436251A CN 200610043625 A CN200610043625 A CN 200610043625A CN 100397983 C CN100397983 C CN 100397983C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an ecological environment optimizing control method for prawn cultivating pond in saline soil, which comprises the following steps: firstly, organisms in a pond are killed by freezing in winter and sun shining, a plastic film enclosure is arranged in a dike slope of the pond, incoming water is filtered in a three-stage mode by a silk screen, and potassium chloride is applied into the water I the pond so that the Na<+>/K<+> concentration ratio of the water is from 20 to 50; secondly, the pond is sterilized twice by using bleaching powder with effective chlorine concentration of 6 ppm in 15th day and 35th day separately; thirdly, organic fertilizer liquid is applied to culture biological bait after chemical toxicity disappears, healthy prawn fry without prawn white spot syndrome is selected to breed, and that pathogen is carried in because of using alive bait is prevented; thirdly, no water change is maintained during a cultivation period. The present invention is widely suitable for lately developed ponds in beach saline soil and prawn saline soil ponds where the prawn white spot syndrome occurred in the previous year.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to breeding ecological environment optimization field in the aquaculture, be specifically related to the ecological environment optimization regulation method in prawn culturing pond, saline land.
Background technology
Since nationwide prawn white spot syndrome disease (WSS) outburst disease in 1993, the low ebb that the aquaculture of prawn has entered into.Though the scientific research input of the more than ten years of a large amount of human and material resources of warp and financial resources, but because the circulation of ocean and WSSV (WSSV) cause of disease host's popularity, this popularity disease is not effectively controlled in the coastal beach pond culture of China always, the annual still high tens yuan of meters of economic loss of causing for China's shrimp culture industry.
For avoiding the infection of WSSV, people begin to carry out the prawn pond culture in interior ground or coastal saline-alkali area away from the ocean, have reduced the generation of this disease effectively.Pond, saline land prawn culturing development speed is very fast at present, has formed to have fairly large industry.But, finding in popularization has two factors seriously to hinder the development of this industry: the one,, because the natural conditions in saline land are special, the exploitation prawn culturing is different from coastal tidal, the condition of employed saline groundwater intermediate ion ratio and nature seawater differs greatly, the growth of prawn is restricted, even also therefore takes place dead; The 2nd,, a lot of areas make that the prawn white spot syndrome disease also begins in prawn culturing pond, saline land to occur owing to put the shrimp seedling that carries WSSV in a suitable place to breed accidentally, also present the gesture of breaking out in certain areas.These two reasons have greatly influenced the healthy sustainable development of saline land shrimp culture industry.
Summary of the invention
The ecological environment optimization regulation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide prawn culturing pond, a kind of saline land makes the pond, saline land meet the suitable environment of prawn culturing, accomplishes to prevent the generation of shrimp disease simultaneously, particularly the prawn white spot syndrome disease.
The present invention is based upon the balance parameters that acquired prawn adapts to the main salt ion of saline land breeding water, found out that the various zooplanktons in pond, saline land, resting egg and wild assorted shrimp crab carry the character (host or physics carrier) of WSSV, and WSSV leaves the infection rule and the various planktonic generation cycle of host.
Again, saline and alkaline area often adopts saline groundwater and fresh water to transfer the method cultured prawn of converting or directly utilizing the saline groundwater that oozes out, but finds the prawn growth retardation, and lethality is higher.Discover that the chemical ion ratio of saline groundwater is compared with natural sea-water, particularly metal ion Na
+Height and K
-Ion ratio in the best living environment of low and prawn differs very big, and prawn can't adapt to and be difficult to survive.Therefore, must regulate or regulate and control, promptly keep prawn metal ion Na in the pond water of saline land to the breeding water in pond, saline land
+And K
-The adaptation of ion concentration.
Research is also found, WSSV is propagated mainly by two approach in the prawn pond culture of saline land: the one, itself carry by the shrimp seedling of putting in a suitable place to breed, usually wait the selection measure to putting the strict detection of shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, can cut off the shrimp seedling and itself carry the WSSV route of transmission; The 2nd, by the biological propagation of carrying of surviving the winter in the pond of having fallen ill the previous year, existing patent (ZL 99112369.7) has just obtained good effect in coastal beach prawn culturing, how to block the pond biotransmission WSSV that survives the winter, also have suitable limitation in the saline land.
Therefore, the present invention optimizes regulate and control method: at first shine with winter freezing and sun lights, kill the pond life of survival naturally, the pond levee slope more than the water surface is established the plastic film fence simultaneously, in case near band WSSV crab class enters cultivating pool; When time-division in early spring cultivating pool is intake, successively use 40,80,200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk three-stage filtrations again, and the water in pond is applied potassium chloride adjusting water body Na
+/ K
+Ion concentration and is good with 40 in the 20-50 scope; After the pond intake back 15 days, add bleaching smart (effective chlorine density reaches 6ppm) for the first time; Water inlet back, pond the 35th day adds bleaching smart (effective chlorine density reaches 6ppm) again; The medicine virulence applies the fertilizer rich water that fermented after disappearing, and cultivates biological feed, and selects the health young shrimp of no prawn white spot syndrome virus or other serious infective pathogen body to put in a suitable place to breed, is strictly on guard against because of using living bait to bring pathogene into; Adopt during the breed and raise together with filter feeder or macrophyte regulation and control water quality and do not change water, add new water, must use silk cover filtering, with removal zooplankton and resting egg thereof as need with during keeping culturing.
The present invention effectively regulates the ecotope in prawn culturing pond, saline land, the generation of prevention prawn white spot syndrome disease, and simple and efficient, practical, be easy to promote remarkable in economical benefits.Thereby be widely applicable for beach saline land pond newly developed and pond, the sick prawn saline land of prawn white spot syndrome occurred in the previous year, with the healthy aquaculture of pond, effective guarantee saline land prawn.
Embodiment
1) time in autumn end to the early spring, drain the water in the pond of surviving the winter as far as possible, at first shine, kill the pond life of survival naturally with winter freezing and sun lights, more than the water surface, establish simultaneously the plastic film fence, in case near carry WSSV crab class etc. enter cultivating pool.
2) when time-division in early spring cultivating pool is intake, successively use 40,80,200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk three-stage filtrations, to remove zooplankton and resting egg thereof.
3) water to the pond applies the Na that potassium chloride is regulated pond water
+/ K
+Than reaching 20-50.This is to convert or directly utilize the saline groundwater that oozes out because prawn culturing pond, saline land water adopts saline groundwater and fresh water to transfer, compare often potassium deficiency with natural sea-water, therefore should make potassium chloride change the ion ratio of pond water, otherwise the ion ratio in the best living environment of ion ratio in the breeding water and prawn differs very big, prawn can't be regulated adaptation, can't survive at all; Even survive, physique is also very poor, poor growth, and disease very easily takes place.
4) after the pond intake back 15 days, add bleaching smart (effective chlorine density reaches 6ppm) or other active drug (as chlorophos) for the first time and kill the zooplankton that the zooplankton resting egg hatches.The assorted crab class in the open country of surviving in the residual hole of levee slope face around the prawn pond in addition, behind first time drug disinfection, fixed point is bleached smart water with high concentration and is killed;
5) pond water inlet back is the 35th day, add bleaching smart (effective chlorine density reaches 6ppm) or other active drug again and kill the zooplankton that remaining resting egg hatches, after treating medicine virulence disappearance (medication is 15 days usually), apply the fertilizer rich water that fermented, cultivate biological feed, and select the health young shrimp of no prawn white spot syndrome virus or other serious infective pathogen body to put in a suitable place to breed, and be strictly on guard against because of using living bait to bring pathogene into.
6) do not change water during culturing, can adopt and raise together with filter feeder (as Tilapia mossambica etc.) or macrophyte (as sea lettuce) regulation and control water quality.Add new water (salt water or fresh water) as need, must use silk cover filtering, to remove zooplankton and resting egg thereof.
Embodiment
Carry out in eriocheir sinensis field, the Huanghe delta, Shandong Province's Dongying city between in June, 2003 to September.Experiment is at 3 about 2.0m of the degree of depth, and area is 36 * 14m
2The pond in carry out.At first shine with winter freezing and sun lights, kill the pond life of survival naturally, the pond levee slope more than the water surface is established the plastic film fence simultaneously, in case near band WSSV crab class enters cultivating pool; When time-division in early spring cultivating pool filling subsurface brine and Huanghe water, successively use 40,80,200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk three-stage filtrations, prevent that the aquatile in the Huanghe water is brought into the pond; Pond water to local potassium deficiency applies potassium chloride adjusting water body ion concentration again, the potassium chloride of in the pond, splashing and melting, and consumption is 120g/m
3, make the Na of pond water
+/ K
+Concentration ratio reaches 40; After the pond intake back 15 days, add bleaching smart (effective chlorine density reaches 6ppm) for the first time; Water inlet back, pond the 35th day adds bleaching smart (effective chlorine density reaches 6ppm) again; After treating that the medicine virulence disappears, apply the fertilizer that fermented (chicken manure) rich water, cultivate natural biological bait, and select the health young shrimp of no prawn white spot syndrome virus or other serious infective pathogen body to put in a suitable place to breed, be strictly on guard against because of using living bait to bring pathogene into; And adopt and raise together with filter feeder Tilapia mossambica regulation and control water quality to keep not changing water during the breed, throw to Tilapia mossambica and raise about 0.5% fish body weight every day.
It is that Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shrimp seedling 22700 tails of 0.01 ± 0.01g (are amounted to 30,000 tails/667m that body weight is put in each pond in a suitable place to breed
2).Body weight (51.74 ± 19.63) g is raised together with in each prawn pond, 26 kilograms of the complete male boltis of long (13.60 ± 1.83) cm of body.Both were gathered in the crops simultaneously through 95 days raisings.
Obviously, adopt the present invention to optimize regulate and control method, not only the prawn white spot syndrome disease does not take place in prawn during culturing, and average survival 71.86%, is up to 86.38%, and is minimum above 60% yet; 555.15 kilograms/mu of average yields are up to 578 kilograms/mu.Prawn survival rate and output all obviously improve.
Claims (4)
1. the ecological environment optimization regulation method in prawn culturing pond, a saline land, at first shine the pond life that nature is killed survival with winter freezing and sun lights, pond levee slope more than the water surface is established the plastic film fence simultaneously, in case near band WSSV crab class enters cultivating pool; When time-division in early spring cultivating pool is intake, successively use 40,80,200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk three-stage filtrations, and the water in pond is applied potassium chloride adjusting water body ion concentration; Water inlet back, pond 15 and 35 days adds that bleaching is smart to carry out disinfection to the pond for twice; After treating that the medicine virulence disappears, apply the fertilizer rich water that fermented, cultivate biological feed, and select the health young shrimp of no prawn white spot syndrome virus to put in a suitable place to breed, be strictly on guard against because of using living bait to bring pathogene into; Filter feeder is raised together with in employing or macrophyte is regulated and control water quality to keep not changing water during the breed.
2. the ecological environment optimization regulation method in prawn culturing pond, saline land as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the Na of pond water
+/ K
+Concentration ratio is in the 20-50 scope.
3. the ecological environment optimization regulation method in prawn culturing pond, saline land as claimed in claim 1, the effective chlorine density that it is characterized in that the above-mentioned bleaching essence that applies is 6ppm.
4. the ecological environment optimization regulation method in prawn culturing pond, saline land as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the Na of above-mentioned pond water
+/ K
+Concentration ratio is 40.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100436251A CN100397983C (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2006-04-20 | Ecological environment optimization regulation method for prawn breeding pool on alkaline land |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100436251A CN100397983C (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2006-04-20 | Ecological environment optimization regulation method for prawn breeding pool on alkaline land |
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|---|---|
| CN1836501A CN1836501A (en) | 2006-09-27 |
| CN100397983C true CN100397983C (en) | 2008-07-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100436251A Expired - Fee Related CN100397983C (en) | 2006-04-20 | 2006-04-20 | Ecological environment optimization regulation method for prawn breeding pool on alkaline land |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102100205A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-22 | 中山大学 | Method for preventing and controlling shrimp infectious diseases by using Epinephelus malabaricus |
| CN105875395B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2019-01-25 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of construction method of Underground Water in Salinization Area prawn industrial cultivation pond green alga algae phase |
| CN114081005A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-25 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Construction method of ecosystem for salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN114885871B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-06-13 | 宁波大学 | Method for breeding sinonovacula constricta in inland saline-alkali soil |
| CN117016459A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-10 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali land litopenaeus vannamei breeding method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1117341A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-02-28 | 辛国魁 | Sea water for prawn breeding |
| CN1465232A (en) * | 2002-10-12 | 2004-01-07 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method for culturing crayfish in carbonate water type heavy salinized pool |
-
2006
- 2006-04-20 CN CNB2006100436251A patent/CN100397983C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1117341A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-02-28 | 辛国魁 | Sea water for prawn breeding |
| CN1465232A (en) * | 2002-10-12 | 2004-01-07 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method for culturing crayfish in carbonate water type heavy salinized pool |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 沿黄低洼盐碱地对虾养殖技术的研究. 栾治华等.海洋湖沼通报，第3期. 2003 |
| 沿黄低洼盐碱地对虾养殖技术的研究. 栾治华等.海洋湖沼通报，第3期. 2003 * |
| 盐碱地池塘养殖技术. 缴建华.淡水养殖，第5期. 2004 |
| 盐碱地池塘养殖技术. 缴建华.淡水养殖，第5期. 2004 * |
| 盐碱池塘实验围隔生态系统颗粒物沉积作用的研究. 赵文等.大连水产学院学报，第16卷第4期. 2001 |
| 盐碱池塘实验围隔生态系统颗粒物沉积作用的研究. 赵文等.大连水产学院学报，第16卷第4期. 2001 * |
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