CN213881396U

CN213881396U - Annual large-scale aquaculture system for snail and shellfish aquatic products

Info

Publication number: CN213881396U
Application number: CN202022333967.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王智刚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-10-20
Filing date: 2020-10-20
Publication date: 2021-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to an annual large-scale aquaculture system for snail and shellfish aquatic products. The utility model provides a year-round scale cultivation system for snail, shellfish aquatic products, set up special three-dimensional cultivation pond in the facility, practiced thrift land resource, system operation is by intelligent control, scientific feeding, has utilized ecological chain circulating water processing system, has reduced running cost, has promoted the added value, and is energy-concerving and environment-protective, has realized that aquatic products are pollution-free, and the high yield of year-round is cultivated, and is sanitary safe, easily popularization, can satisfy the more extensive demand in market.

Description

Annual large-scale aquaculture system for snail and shellfish aquatic products

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of facility agriculture (fishery), in particular to a large-scale aquaculture technology and an annual production system for freshwater (such as snails, pearl oysters, ornamental snails, ornamental shells and the like), seawater (such as abalones, scallops, pearl oysters, sea cucumbers, sea urchins and the like) snails and shellfish aquatic products.

Background

With the development of society and the pursuit of human beings for high-quality life, high-quality aquatic resources are obtained in nature, and the huge demands of the market can not be met for a long time, so that various aquatic products are cultured artificially for many years, and the culture modes are various, namely, the five flowers and eight doors, and play a certain role in meeting the market supply in a certain period, but the traditional artificial culture mode not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also seriously pollutes the environment; because the artificial cultivation has certain requirements on seasonal temperature, the annual production cannot be realized; although the existing large-scale facility high-density circulating water culture is realized without discharge, the matched equipment of the culture facility and the water quality treatment system is expensive, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed for later maintenance, the professional skill is too strong, the culture can be carried out only by strong financial resources and technical support, the cultured variety is single, only a few aquatic product varieties with high additional values are limited, the culture of expensive facilities is not suitable for some aquatic products with low additional values, huge investment cannot be earned in income for several years, and the culture cannot be paid back, and a plurality of ordinary culturists are forbidden due to too high threshold.

Here and emphatically, for example, the freshwater aquaculture variety, namely the snail, which is a common name of various freshwater snails, such as stone snails, pit snails, Chinese round field snails, square field snails and the like, which are delicious and rich in nutrition, meanwhile, the method has extremely high medicinal value, and because of large market demand, the resources are increasingly exhausted due to over-fishing, the wild river snail is difficult to obtain in nature, part of species are endangered and extincted, and wild river snail natural enemies (such as snakes, rats, crabs, turtles, birds, frogs, fishes and the like) grow in the environments of paddy fields, lakes, ponds, swamps, rivers and the like, are often in a dry-wet alternating state, are influenced by the outside, and have extremely unstable water quality and water temperature, feeding and growing of river snail are stopped when the water temperature is above 30 ℃ or below 15 ℃, and the river snail falls into soil for hibernation when the water temperature is below 8 ℃. The wild spiral shells are often hungry and hungry in natural harsh living environments, so-called night foraging and mud drilling habits are formed by dealing with severe climates such as external cold, high temperature and drought and defending natural enemies in the process of the spiral shells evolving for many years, and the spiral shells have the opportunity to live only when being drilled into soil. The existing artificial breeding only needs to invest some fields, seedlings, feeds and manpower, simulates the natural state, soil with a certain thickness is paved at the bottom of the pool for the snail to hide, the breeding mode increases a little yield but is limited, has no resistance to natural disasters, has the same growth cycle as the wild ones, is full of moss on the snail shell, has parasites in the body and is not easy to clean, because the breeding of the river snails is egg birth, people often eat the snail meat to clamp the unborn young snails, the taste is particularly influenced, in addition, the difficulty is high when in catching, the yield is low, the size of the collected and caught products needs to be selected and kept, so that the labor cost is increased, the product quality is different, and various industrial and agricultural pollution and pesticide residues are difficult to avoid, so that the products obtained by the method have hidden troubles in the aspect of food safety.

In view of the foregoing, the conventional aquaculture methods for snail and shellfish have various technical problems, so that the safe large-scale annual production of aquatic products has not been realized, and the market has difficulty in securing the huge demand for high-quality products of snail and shellfish aquatic products.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at solving the problems that the prior culture mode pollutes the environment, the product quality is unstable, the taste is poor, the fishing and harvesting difficulty is high, the yield is low, the capability of resisting natural disasters is poor, the culture seasonality is strong, and the annual production cannot be realized; the difficult problems such as big, the technical requirement height of facility culture investment in the past, the utility model provides a year round scale farming systems for spiral shell, shellfish aquatic products: the facility is internally provided with a single-layer or multi-layer rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond which is horizontally connected with the same layer, an operation channel is reserved between the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond and the flowing circulating water culture pond, a cover plate with escape prevention, shading and heat preservation functions is arranged above the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond, three-dimensional attachments for shellfish and snails to inhabit are arranged inside the culture pond, mud and sand for hiding are not needed to be provided, clear water culture of shellfish, snails and other aquatic products is realized, and part of the original habits of the shellfish, snails and other aquatic products are changed through simple domestication; the proper position of one end of the channel type culture pond is provided with a water feeding pipe which is used as a flowing water source of the channel, the water feeding pipe is connected with a water pump of the clean water reservoir, when the water pump works, a water body naturally flows in the channel, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is sufficient, the bottom section of the special culture pond is additionally provided with an oxygen increasing device and a plurality of flow guide and dirt cleaning baffles which can be adjusted up and down; at the tail end of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond, a plurality of overflow ports with gates (valves) of different heights are arranged, culture wastewater flows out of the overflow ports and automatically flows into an ecological sewage treatment system which is an energy-saving system without power source and is arranged in another area, the system consists of a plurality of purification treatment ponds and flows and operates by means of natural fall of water level, the sewage is firstly subjected to centrifugal solid-liquid separation, the water after the solid-liquid separation flows into a microorganism treatment pond, a filler with a porous structure is arranged in the pond and used for beneficial bacteria such as digestive bacteria and the like to adhere to, the microorganisms decompose toxic nitrite into nitrate without toxicity, the treated clean water flows into the next-stage purification treatment pond, plants such as fast-growing aquatic weeds, algae or aquatic vegetables and the like are planted in the pond, a light supplementing device and an aerating device are arranged at proper positions of each-stage biological treatment pond, and after the water quality reaches physicochemical indexes, the purified water flows into a purified water tank, the temperature adjusting process is rapidly finished in the pipeline while the purified water is supplied by a water source heat pump system in the lifting process, the sterilization is rapidly finished by a physical sterilization device, and then the purified water enters a flowing water culture system for circulation; in order to ensure the normal operation of the system, an emergency power supply system and various sensors are arranged at proper positions of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond system, and an intelligent system dynamically monitors physical and chemical indexes and dynamically implements regulation and control.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the annual large-scale aquaculture system for snail and shellfish:

1 is a rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond.

2 is a self-flowing ecological sewage treatment system.

And 3 is expressed as a clear water reservoir.

And 4, a water source heat pump system.

And 5 is denoted as an intelligent control system.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides a year-round scale farming systems for spiral shell, shellfish aquatic products: in facilities (such as idle houses, factory buildings, greenhouses, air cavities and the like) capable of resisting severe environments and blocking severe weather (wind prevention, waterlogging prevention, cold prevention, heat insulation and the like), a single-layer or multi-layer rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond 1 (constructed by building materials or other waterproof materials) horizontally connected with the same layer is arranged, an operation channel is reserved between the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond and the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond for convenient management, a cover plate with escape prevention, shading and heat preservation functions is arranged above the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond (a relatively comfortable environment is provided for aquatic products, the external temperature and illumination cannot influence the cover plate, and the cover plate is closed except feeding and management).

In the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond, according to the characteristics of cultured species, a three-dimensional attachment for inhabitation is placed, the attachment can greatly increase the culture space of a water body, the culture density is effectively improved, concealed silt is not needed to be provided, clear water culture of shellfish, snails and other aquatic products is realized, the original partial habit of the shellfish, the snails and other aquatic products is changed through simple domestication, and a dormancy process is avoided; the proper position of one end of the channel type culture pond is provided with a water feeding pipe which is used as a flowing water source head of the channel, the water feeding pipe is connected with a water pump of the water purification pond, when the water pump works, water body naturally flows in the channel, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is sufficient. When the filter feeding snail and shellfish aquatic products are cultured, the following steps are carried out: scallop, the oyster, the spiral shell, pearl shell etc, the fodder of suspension needs to be thrown something and fed (concentrated microalgae, freeze the algae, organic piece etc.), wash away by rivers for avoiding the fodder, close the water pump this moment, make the pond water temporary stop circulation flow, for avoiding the fodder to sink the end, it leads to the fact the waste when straining food to influence it, the oxygenation device that sets up at the bottom of the pool starts temporarily, can stir the fodder, make the fodder suspension, make things convenient for it to strain the food, and the oxygen deficiency condition can not appear, at this in-process, can also observe its condition of eating, the adjustment volume of throwing something and feeding. In the scale annual production system, one aquatic product can be singly cultured, and a plurality of varieties can be mixedly cultured to form a complete ecological chain, so that resources are fully utilized.

At the tail end of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond, the overflow ports with the gates (valves) and a plurality of different heights are arranged, the diversion sewage disposal baffle is arranged at the bottom of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond, the water flow speed under the baffle is changed by up-down adjustment, the sewage in the pond can be efficiently cleared, and the culture wastewater flows out from the overflow pipe orifice and automatically flows into the ecological sewage treatment system.

The self-flowing ecological sewage treatment system 2 is arranged in another area of the culture pond and consists of a plurality of purification treatment ponds, the purification treatment ponds naturally flow and operate by means of water level drop, the sewage is firstly subjected to centrifugal solid-liquid separation by a centrifugal machine (solid dirt after solid-liquid separation can be used for culturing water earthworm red nematodes, and can also be directly dried and granulated for sale), the sewage after solid-liquid separation contains a large amount of toxic substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide, which are not beneficial to the normal growth of shellfish and snails, the sewage needs to be subjected to detoxification treatment, the sewage firstly flows into a microorganism treatment pond, a porous filler (such as biochemical cotton, medical stone, kaolin, vesuviate, activated carbon, biological ceramic, shells and the like) for attachment of beneficial bacteria such as digestive bacteria is arranged in the pond, the microorganism decomposes the toxic nitrite into nitrate without toxicity, and the treated clean water flows into the next-stage purification treatment pond, fast growing aquatic plants, algae or aquatic vegetables and other plants are planted in the pond, a light supplementing device and an aeration device are arranged at proper positions of each level of biological treatment pond to promote photosynthetic bacteria and aquatic plants to carry out efficient photosynthesis, the aquatic microorganisms and the plants can effectively absorb ammonia nitrogen in water to solve the eutrophication problem (aquatic plants in the pond need to keep proper growth density and can be frequently harvested to generate extra value), water reaching physical and chemical indexes flows into a water purification pond 3, the system automatically adjusts pH value (pH value) and other physical and chemical indexes, and in the process of lifting the water pump, a water source heat pump system 4 (a shading and heat insulating device is added above the pond, so that the energy loss of heat exchange is extremely small, the requirement of cultivation on water temperature can be met only by a low-power water source heat pump dynamically, and a system with enough size and size needs to be arranged, The water reservoir with the heat preservation function is used as a temperature energy source of the water source heat pump, heat energy and cold energy can be stored and extracted very conveniently, the function of the water reservoir can be exerted by the clean water reservoir, the energy consumed by the heat pump system in the work is very little, if the temperature of the aquaculture water is too high or too low, the required temperature can be adjusted in the pipeline rapidly by using the water source heat pump, the energy-saving effect is remarkable), the temperature adjustment process is completed in the pipeline rapidly while the aquaculture water is supplied, the sterilization is completed rapidly by the physical sterilization device, and the water reaching the standard enters the aquaculture system for circulation; in order to ensure the normal operation of the system, an emergency power supply system and various sensors are arranged at proper positions of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond system, and an intelligent control system 5 dynamically monitors physical and chemical indexes such as illumination, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value, salinity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, methane, sulfide and the like and dynamically implements regulation and control.

Effects of the invention

The purpose of arranging the special rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond is to fully utilize the field and the space and realize high-density three-dimensional culture, so that the culture pond is easy to manage, saves energy and maximizes benefits; in the culture process, according to the feeding condition of aquatic products such as shellfish, snails and the like, the immunity of organisms can be improved greatly by scientific feeding, so that the organisms can grow rapidly and have consistent specifications in a very short period, the organisms are easy to catch, and a large amount of manpower is saved; the most important thing is that a safe and comfortable environment is created for the growth of the shellfish, natural enemies do not need to be avoided, the temperature suitable for the growth is always kept, the original partial habit of the shellfish is changed through simple domestication, the hidden mud and sand do not need to be provided, the dormancy is also not needed, the annual clear water culture of shellfish, snails and other aquatic products is really realized, and the culture mode has the advantages that the product is clean and sanitary, the washing is easy, the earthy taste is avoided, and the meat quality is more delicious; the river snails cultivated by the method can not eat unborn snails when being eaten, and the taste is better.

The utility model has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, practice thrift land resource, have energy-conservation, environmental protection, no emission, with low costs, consume energy few, be convenient for the management maintenance, the advantage of easy popularization, the product specification of output is even unanimous, and sanitary safety can satisfy the more extensive demand in market, has realized multiple fresh water, sea water spiral shell, and aquatic products such as shellfish are pollution-free, and scale anniversary high yield is cultivated.

Claims

1. A year-round large-scale aquaculture system for snail and shellfish aquatic products is characterized in that: a single-layer or multi-layer rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond which is horizontally connected with the same layer is built in the facility, an operation channel is reserved between the two ponds, a cover plate with escape prevention, shading and heat preservation functions is arranged above the culture pond, and three-dimensional attachments for the shellfish and the snail to inhabit are placed in the culture pond; arranging an intelligent monitoring control system in a rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond system; one end of a rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond is provided with a water feeding pipe as a flowing water source head of a channel, the water feeding pipe is connected with a water lifting pump of a water purification pond, a water source heat pump system is used for rapidly completing a temperature adjusting process in a pipeline while feeding water by the water lifting pump, and a physical sterilization device is used for sterilizing; arranging an oxygen increasing device and a flow guide and dirt removal baffle which can be adjusted up and down on the bottom of the culture pond in sections; arranging a plurality of overflow gaps with gates/valves at different heights at the tail end of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond; and a self-flowing ecological sewage treatment system and a clean water tank which are matched with the culture pond are arranged in the other area.

2. The annual scale aquaculture system for the aquatic products of snails and shellfish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part is provided with a single-layer or multi-layer revolving channel type flowing circulating water culture pond which is provided with an escape-proof, shading and heat-insulating cover plate and is horizontally connected with the same layer.

3. The annual scale aquaculture system for the aquatic products of snails and shellfish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the rotary channel type flowing circulating water culture pond is provided with an oxygenation device and a diversion decontamination baffle plate with the height capable of being adjusted up and down in sections, and the tail end of the culture pond is provided with a plurality of sluice/valve overflow ports for adjusting different water levels.

4. The annual scale aquaculture system for the aquatic products of snails and shellfish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-flowing ecological sewage treating system consists of several purifying tanks, and is operated by means of natural water level difference, and the sewage is first centrifugally solid-liquid separated, the water after solid-liquid separation flows into the first stage microbe treating tank, the treated clear water flows into the next stage treating tank, fast growing aquatic weed, algae or aquatic vegetable is planted in the treating tank, and the biological treating tanks are provided with light replenishing unit and aerating unit, and the intelligent control system regulates the physical and chemical indexes to reach the required standard and then flows into the next stage water purifying tank.

5. The annual scale aquaculture system for the aquatic products of snails and shellfish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water source heat pump system consists of an intelligently controlled water source heat pump and a matched water pool for storing and extracting temperature energy by the heat supply pump.