CN103583428B - Method for cultivating loach larvae by arranging net cages in pond - Google Patents
Method for cultivating loach larvae by arranging net cages in pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN103583428B CN103583428B CN201310547137.4A CN201310547137A CN103583428B CN 103583428 B CN103583428 B CN 103583428B CN 201310547137 A CN201310547137 A CN 201310547137A CN 103583428 B CN103583428 B CN 103583428B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating loach larvae by arranging net cages in a pond to improve the rate of survival. The method mainly comprises the steps that firstly, the pond which is appropriate in area and water depth is selected, water is injected into the pond to clean and disinfect the pond, and palatable bait is prepared; secondly, the net cages with the total area being 10% of the area of the pond are arranged inside the pond, wherein each net cage conforms to the standard of (5-8)m*1m*0.7m, the net mesh is 60, the net cages are evenly arranged along the long edges of the pond in a multi-line and two-row mode, and the cage bottoms are close to the bottom of the pond but not make contact with the bottom mud when the net cages are fixed; thirdly, four submerged pumps are installed at the four corners of the pond, and pond circulating small-flow water is formed by adjusting the direction of a water outlet; fourthly, loach larvae are thrown into the net cages according to the demand of 2250-3000 loach larvae per square meter, the submerged pumps are started, and wheel animalcule and other palatable bait enter the net cages along water flow to be eaten by the loach larvae; fifthly, unobstructed exchanging of water inside and outside the net cages is guaranteed, and the bait is thrown into the net cages in due time to ensure adequate bait; sixthly, the loach larvae are moved out of the net cages when growing to be 2 centimeters long, the net is dragged out, aquatic insects in water are removed, then the loach larvae are moved to the pond to be bred, the bait is thrown into the pond in due time, and the loach larvae are bred to be larvae being 4 centimeters to 5 centimeters long.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field.Be specifically related to a kind of by arranging raising in cage loach fry effectively to improve the way of survival rate in pond.
Background of invention
Along with the raising of people's living standard, delicious flavour is had again a loach of medical value and is more and more subject to the favor of consumer, because natural loach resource far can not meet the needs in market, propagate loach fast development artificially, market is in great demand to large gauge loach fry in batch.Loach fry is cultivated and can be carried out at the water body such as cement pit and pond, and pond rearing fingerling has the advantages such as area is large, water environment stable, bait is easily cultivated, integrated cost is low, is the important channel of large-scale cultivation seed.But the problem that ubiquity loach fry cultivating survival rate is too low in pond culture process at present; according to our investigation statistics; loach water flower is cultivated 4-5cm size seedling seed survival rate in pond and be only 5-10%, the large-scale production of the too low serious restriction loach of seed rearing survival rate.The main cause one of low survival rate like this is caused to be that mud fish fry exists special external gill phase, namely after membrane, the gill filament exposed is had to stretch out the gill cavity to 15 these one-phases of age in days left and right, this in period fry feeding process, external gill is easily damaged or be absorbed in mud at the bottom of pond and cause fry death by suffocation in enormous quantities; Two is that growing in a large number of the aquatic insects such as dragonfly larva is especially easily brought out in the pond of cultivating mud fish fry after fertilising, and mud fish fry is preyed in a large number by aquatic insect and caused survival rate to reduce.Document and patent disclosed in existing part relate to pond rearing loach fry technology, and patent of invention (Authorization Notice No. CN101647420B) discloses the method for cultivating mud fish fry open-mouthed bait with bio-bacterial manure; Publication (CN102835336A) discloses the method that loach fry batch is bred, and its emphasis is in raising loach spawning rate; Publication (CN200810021131.2) discloses a kind of loach seedling cultivation technology, to splash soya-bean milk or paddy field aquaculture loach mainly through pond; Publication (CN102893936A) discloses a kind of Misgurnus auguillicaudatus offspring seed cultivation method, and the method is cement pit cultivating method; Publication (CN103109767A) discloses a kind of loach fish fry artificial cultivation method, and main 15 ages in days that adopt are front at indoor culture, transfer to outdoor cultivation after 15 ages in days; Publication (CN102405865A) discloses the breeding method of a kind of loach fry to summer flower fingerling, and main employing before and after mud fish fry 2cm specification adopts different oxygenation methods to improve weed survival rate; Publication (CN102763614A) discloses a kind of method using cage culture loach, and its innovative point is to adopt metal decking at the bottom of net cage, and paving mud carries out the breeding of mature loach, to solve into the low problem of the loach rate of recapture at the bottom of case; Above technology is all failed specific aim and is solved external gill rapid wear in pond rearing loach fry process, easily to suffocate and aquatic insect preys on this two key issues causing survival rate low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve and above-mentionedly cause the key issue that pond rearing loach survival rate is low, devise a kind of raising in cage mud fish fry that arranges in pond effectively to improve the method for survival rate.
The present invention is achieved in that
1, specification is selected to be (50-100) × 30m
2, the pond of the dark 1.2m in pond, silt depth about 20cm at the bottom of pond;
2, to clean up the pond sterilization: first 10 days of input loach water flower, inject the new water of 60cm, every 667m
2sterilize with 200kg quicklime water full pool spilling head;
3, open-mouthed bait is cultivated: 4-5 days before loach water flower opening, discharges bio-bacterial manure cultivate food organisms with reference to patent of invention (Authorization Notice No. CN101647420B);
4, net cage is arranged: loach water flower puts front 1-2 days in a suitable place to breed, in pond, set up net cage, and the net cage gross area is about 10% of water surface area.Net cage 6 types, upper cover can be opened closed, and specification is (5-8) m × 1m × 0.7m, and mesh size is 60 orders.Evenly set up net cage by the long limit of net cage and pond minor face parallel direction at the water surface, net cage corner bamboo pole is fixed, and the long limit of net cage is inserted bamboo pole and fixed, straight not bed mud at the bottom of contact chamber at the bottom of guard box, better from bed mud 10-20cm effect at the bottom of case; Figure of description is shown in the signal distribution of net cage in pond;
5, pond miniflow cycle water: install four immersible pumps (or waterwheel aerator) in corner, pond, adjust direction, the mouth of a river, ensures when opening four or two, diagonal angle that Chi Shui circulates in pond by forming miniflow water along (inverse) clockwise; Figure of description is shown in the signal distribution of immersible pump (or waterwheel aerator) in pond;
6, loach water flower inlet: press 2250-3000 tail/m according to net cage area
2put into loach water flower, close net cage upper cover, opens immersible pump (or waterwheel aerator), and form pond microcirculation current, the agreeable to the taste bait such as the wheel animalcule cultivated in pond waters enters casing with miniflow water and ingested by mud fish fry;
7, daily management: clear up the foreign material that net cage body side adheres to every day in time, ensures that inside and outside net cage, current exchange unobstructed.Mud fish fry cartonning about 7 days, takes the circumstances into consideration to add fertilizer according to the abundance situation of food organisms in the water of pond, ensures that having enough agreeable to the taste bait can enter net cage with current in pond ingests for mud fish fry;
8, mud fish fry entered pond: through the cultivation of about 15 days, mud fish fry in net cage grows to about 2cm, now can knock-out number excessively, clear out net cage, the new water 20cm of filling is filtered with 60 mesh filter screens, and draw in the net aquatic insect in pond to remove, then mud fish fry is directly put into pond and proceed to next stage pond rearing.Now mud fish fry external gill disappears, and the complete gill cavity is formed, and mobility obviously increases, the planktons such as the cladocera can ingested in water body, again by the pond rearing of 10-15 days, mud fish fry grows up to the large size seedling seed of 4-5cm, can proceed to next stage cultivation.Because the risk of aquatic insect predation greatly reduces, survival rate significantly improves.
Compared with prior art, good effect of the present invention is: the mud fish fry of tool external gill grows in net cage, avoids to be absorbed in Pond Silt to damage external gill or death by suffocation; Aquatic insect in water body cannot enter in net cage, and the insects such as net cage has lid, dragonfly cannot lay eggs and hatch insect larvae by water body in casing, efficiently avoid the injury of aquatic insect to this vegetative stage mud fish fry, drastically increase survival rate; And, for want of aquatic insect bait in pond waters, aquatic insect quantity greatly reduces, draw in the net before passing through pond again to remove aquatic insect, later stage lays eggs the aquatic insect bait that becomes later stage loach fry on the contrary because individuality is little of growth, greatly reduce the predation of aquatic insect to mud fish fry, effectively improve the survival rate of cultivating seed in pond.Adopt the survival rate of this technology in net cage to reach 90%, full phase survival rate can reach 60%.
More detailed scheme is shown in described in " embodiment ".
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is net cage and the immersible pump distribution schematic diagram in pond in the present invention;
1, the immersible pump of corner, pond installation; 2, the net cage arranged in pond;
Embodiment
2012-2013, we adopt this technology in multiple plants of place such as Gongan County, Jingzhou City of Hubei Province, Jingzhou Districts, and general effect is good.Below embodiment one:
1, select East and West direction rectangle pond, area is 50 × 30m
2, the dark 1.2m in pond, silt depth about 20cm at the bottom of pond;
2, to clean up the pond sterilization: first 10 days of input loach water flower, inject the new water of 60cm, every 667m
2to clean up the pond sterilization with 300kg fresh quicklime water full pool spilling head;
3, first 5 days of loach water flower opening, discharges bio-bacterial manure 20kg with reference to patent (Authorization Notice No. CN101647420B) in pond, discharges 5kg MAP simultaneously and cultivates food organisms;
4, net cage is arranged: loach water flower puts first 2 days in a suitable place to breed, in pond, arrange net cage, and cage size is 7.5m × 1m × 0.7m, and mesh size is 60 orders, and net cage 6 types, upper cover can be opened.20 net cages are set altogether, arrange along pond length to arranging 10 row 2, thing both sides respectively reserve the long water surface of 9-10m and install aerator, often interval 2m between row net cage, interval 5m between net cage row, net cage is from the ridge, pond 5m, and net cage corner bamboo pole is fixed, the long limit of net cage is evenly inserted 3 bamboo poles and is fixed, and keeps at the bottom of case from bed mud 10-20cm; Described net cage is self-control;
5, miniflow cycle water in pond is formed: install four immersible pumps in corner, pond, ensures that Chi Shui circulates in pond by counterclockwise forming miniflow water during unlatching; Described immersible pump is that market is purchased, and power is 0.75KW/ platform;
6, loach water flower inlet: 22500 tail loach water flower put into by each net cage, close net cage upper cover, and open four immersible pumps, the agreeable to the taste bait such as the wheel animalcule cultivated in pond waters enters casing with miniflow water and ingested by mud fish fry;
7, daily management: clear up the foreign material that net cage side adheres to every day in time, ensures that inside and outside net cage, current exchange unobstructed.Mud fish fry cartonning the 7th day, splashes 10kg bio-bacterial manure and 5kg MAP water and to topdress in pond;
8, mud fish fry enters pond: loach water flower cartonning 15 days, and the mud fish fry in net cage grows to 1.5-2.5cm, average size about 2cm, and knock-out is number excessively, and average every case fish 20500 tail, survival rate surpasses 90%.Mud fish fry bundle case is temporarily tied and is placed on one jiao, pond, removes net cage and bamboo pole, draw in the net the medium-and-large-sized aquatic insect in removing pond by 60 order mesh sheet, then directly pour fry into pond, proceed to the pond rearing stage.Within 16th day and the 23rd day, respectively 5kg fertilizer and 3kg MAP water are splashed and topdress;
Sampling check in 28th day, mud fish fry grows up to the large size seedling seed of 4-5cm, and full pond is deposited fish amount and reached 27.06 ten thousand tails, and full phase survival rate is 60.1%.
Claims (1)
1. a method for raising in cage loach fry is set in pond, as described in following step:
1) pond is selected: select specification to be (50-100) × 30m
2, the pond of the dark 1.2m in pond, mud degree of depth 20cm at the bottom of pond;
2) to clean up the pond sterilization: first 10 days of input loach water flower, inject the new water of 60cm, every 667m
2sterilize with 300kg quicklime water full pool spilling head;
3) bait is cultivated: 4-5 days before loach water flower opening, discharges bio-bacterial manure 20kg in pond, discharges 5kg MAP simultaneously and cultivates food organisms;
4) net cage is arranged: loach water flower puts front 1-2 days in a suitable place to breed, in pond, arrange net cage, and the net cage gross area is 10% of water surface area; Net cage 6 types, upper cover can be opened, and specification is 5-8m × 1m × 0.7m, and mesh size is 60 orders; Net cage is set up at the water surface by the long limit of net cage and pond minor face parallel direction, net cage is conducive to pond water under arranging and stirring with the immersible pump set up in corner, pond or waterwheel aerator and forms miniflow cycle water for principle, along pond, long frame side establishes 2 row, net cage corner bamboo pole is fixed, insert bamboo pole in the middle part of the long limit of net cage to fix, straight not bed mud at the bottom of contact chamber at the bottom of guard box, from bed mud 10-20cm at the bottom of case;
5) miniflow cycle water in pond is formed: install four compact submersible pumps in corner, pond, adjust direction, the mouth of a river, ensures that Chi Shui circulates in pond by counterclockwise forming miniflow water during unlatching;
6) loach water flower inlet: press 2250-3000 tail/m according to net cage area
2put into loach water flower, close net cage upper cover, opens four or two, diagonal angle immersible pump or waterwheel aerator, and form pond microcirculation current, the agreeable to the taste bait of the wheel animalcule cultivated in pond waters enters casing with miniflow water and ingested by mud fish fry;
7) daily management: clear up the foreign material that net cage body side adheres to every day in time, ensures that inside and outside net cage, current exchange unobstructed; Mud fish fry cartonning 7 days, takes the circumstances into consideration to add fertilizer according to the abundance situation of food organisms in the water of pond, ensures that having enough agreeable to the taste bait can enter net cage with current in pond ingests for loach fry;
8) mud fish fry entered pond: through the cultivation of 15 days, mud fish fry in net cage grows to 2cm, now can knock-out number excessively, clear out net cage, and draw in the net aquatic insect in pond to remove, then mud fish fry is directly put into pond and proceed to next stage pond rearing, now mud fish fry external gill disappears, the complete gill cavity is formed, mobility obviously increases, the cladocera plankton that can ingest in water body, then passes through the pond rearing of 10-15 days, mud fish fry grows up to the size seedling seed of 4-5cm, can proceed to next stage cultivation.
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| CN201310547137.4A CN103583428B (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2013-11-07 | Method for cultivating loach larvae by arranging net cages in pond |
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| CN103583428A CN103583428A (en) | 2014-02-19 |
| CN103583428B true CN103583428B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| CN104082194B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2016-11-16 | 管昌宝 | A kind of seedlings cultivating method of two step flow process Misgurni anguillicaudatis |
| CN104126527A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2014-11-05 | 潼南县岭骏养殖场 | Ecological breeding method for paddy field loaches |
| CN104054603A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-24 | 怀远县渔业科技发展有限责任公司 | Technical method for pollution-free cultivation of loaches through wooden boxes |
| CN104126533B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-06-01 | 澧县卧龙港泥鳅养殖专业合作社 | A kind of high-survival rate loach breeding method |
| CN104719217A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-24 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | Parent-tor-brevifilis net cage breeding method |
| CN105230534B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2018-05-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | A kind of method of rice field circular groove ecological breeding loach fry |
| CN105230545A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-01-13 | 广西壮族自治区水产科学研究院 | Breeding method for loach through net cages |
| CN106172169B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2021-07-09 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Internal circulation oxygenation device for fish culture pond and use method thereof |
| CN107372222B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2021-01-15 | 何亮 | Method for breeding medicinal loaches |
| CN111727912A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-02 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Striped mullet seawater pond circulating water seedling raising method |
| CN111838054B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-03-18 | 嵊泗县东海贻贝科技创新服务有限公司 | Cultivation pool with mud spreading device and use method |
| CN114594207B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-12-02 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for testing toxicity of rice disease and pest control agent on crustacean aquatic organisms in field |
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| CN102763614A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-11-07 | 董在好 | Method for culturing mud fish by using net cage |
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