CN104126549A - Leech fry, snail and aquatic plant commensalism intermediate breeding method - Google Patents
Leech fry, snail and aquatic plant commensalism intermediate breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126549A CN104126549A CN201410359623.8A CN201410359623A CN104126549A CN 104126549 A CN104126549 A CN 104126549A CN 201410359623 A CN201410359623 A CN 201410359623A CN 104126549 A CN104126549 A CN 104126549A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 204
- 241000545744 Hirudinea Species 0.000 claims description 175
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000013368 commensalism Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035568 catharsis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 29
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000237903 Hirudo Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000099774 Cuscuta salina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237678 Hirudinidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000184734 Pyrus japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258623 Whitmania pigra Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a leech fry, snail and aquatic plant commensalism intermediate breeding method and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. According to the method, an ecotype leech fry commensalism breeding system is built, small snails and/or zooplanktons and/or nutrients are adopted as fodder of young leeches, the breeding system is stabilized through the purification capacity of aquatic plants, deterioration of water quality is avoided, the young leeches obtain rich nutrition through composite collocation and application of small snails, zooplanktons and nutrients, leech fries are good in activity, rapid in growth and low in casualty rate, the situation that as young leeches live in groups and climb to be groups seriously, serious death is caused when the young leeches can not obtain fodder is avoided, the rate of survival is improved in the leech fry breeding stage, the method is simple in process, technical feasibility is achieved, breeding enterprises and farmers can use the method conveniently, the technical advantages of maintaining good and stable breeding environment, reducing the risks of leech fry death and the like are achieved, and the method has wide application prospects in the field of national leech breeding.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to leech offspring seed cultivation method, especially adopt enclosure fence technology and water environment ecological control, set up the Ecology environment that is applicable to the growth of leech seed, obtain the thick breeding method of leech mark of neat specification leech seed.
Background technology:
Hirudinidae animal leech Whitmania pigra Whitman dry is all one of version < < Chinese pharmacopoeia > > in 2005 medicinal material leech main foundation raw material of including, the effect with " stimulating the menstrual flow, break tired, detumescence ", cure mainly blood stasis through closing, disease disease is gathered.Due to factor impacts such as environment, leech wild resource reduces day by day, and within 1984, leech has been put into the international Red Data Book of protection of animals.Because hirudiniculture industry is emerging aquaculture industry, cultivation basis is unsturdy, and technology is perfect not, and cultured output is generally not high, most output 50-200kg, and output is extremely unstable, need to develop the cultural technique method of stable high yield.
Hirudo provincialis mainly contains eurysome golden thread leech, Hirudo japonica, hiruto etc., all can take the method cultivation processing of Ecology to be used as medicine, and leech is less demanding to dissolved oxygen, and within 24h, leech has two peaks of ingesting.In each link of cultivation of leech, the key factor that affects cultured output is the quality of seedling and the survival rate of seedling; In conventional cultivation method, the survival rate of leech seedling is low, it is the key reason that causes hirudiniculture output not high, therefore be necessary to strengthen leech standardized operation in seedling stage, improve operation sequence, improve the survival rate in seedling stage and the neat degree of seed, in the practice process of cultivation leech, thick breeding method is put and marked to our exploitation and perfect a set of leech seed in a suitable place to breed.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, be mainly solve that anti-in paddy field cultivation leech seed process escapes, the technical problem of regulating and controlling water quality and high-servival rate.This technical method allows little spiral shell be evenly distributed on little enclosure region and pasture and water wherein, and after throwing in leech seedling, the leech seedling little spiral shell of eating food, thereby leech seedling can be uniformly distributed in little enclosure, prevents that leech seedling from piling up; Can reach seed rearing survival rate high, without technique effects such as stiff seedling old man seedling, neat specifications, unit are per mu yield can be stabilized in 100-200kg, is equivalent to every mu and cultivates thick seedling 80-300 ten thousand tails of mark.
Technical scheme flow process of the present invention is: leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, comprise the following steps:
A. the thick cultivation of mark cultivating system early-stage preparations: comprise 1.. paddy field subregion: smooth paddy field culturing area is divided into culture zone and purification of water quality district; 2.. add water planting water, optimising and adjustment water quality; 3.. kill harmful organisms;
B. the structure of leech seed and snail and the thick culture system of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. planting aquatic plants, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; 2.. build leech snail habitat and water-changing tube road system: in little enclosure, planting aquatic plants and little enclosure inner side, all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, arrange water-changing tube road system, strengthen the inside and outside water body exchange of little enclosure; 3.. the little spiral shell of the breeding of throwing something and feeding in little enclosure is then as the edible bait of opening of leech seedling, and allows its self-sow; 4.. in little enclosure, put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed;
C. the thick culture system maintenance management of leech seed and snail and pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. regulation and control water quality, utilize water-changing tube road system, in little enclosure, change water oxygenation, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment in little enclosure; 2.. supplement the little spiral shell of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient; 3.. regulation and control water quality; 4.. prevent and cure diseases;
D. results are marked thick leech seed.
The concrete described paddy field cultivating system early-stage preparations of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. paddy field subregion: smooth paddy field culturing area is divided into hirudiniculture district and purification of water quality district; 2.. add water planting water, optimising and adjustment water quality; 3.. kill harmful organisms;
Described paddy field subregion: utilize said minuscule hole enclosure material that region, soil is divided into culturing area and purification of water quality region; Culture zone is set to a large enclosure, in large enclosure, little enclosure is set, and is rectangle or any uncertain shape; The wide 0.5-50.0m of little enclosure, take 1.0-2.0m as good, and enclosure length is determined according to landform, be can be 3-500m; Between little enclosure, preset clearance is convenient observes and feeding, and the spacing between little enclosure is 1-30m; Little enclosure and large enclosure Material texture are not limit, and closely perpendicular to the water surface, join end to end without interrupted, and enclosure material hole size can not get out as degree to put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed, and hole size and 70-90 order are to quite; Enclosure material lower end is embedded in mud, and the degree of depth is 10-30cm, the above enclosure height of earth 0.5-1.0m, and enclosure upper end is to putting the nearly horizontal buckling in inner side, region in a suitable place to breed, and the width of bending is 10-30cm; The outer purification of water quality of enclosure region can be dug and deeply fetch earth for increasing surrounding ridge, highly slightly lower than the height of enclosure material; The ratio in culturing area and purification of water quality region is 1-100: 1;
The described water planting water that adds, optimising and adjustment water quality: add the fresh water that meets water quality standard for fishery in the cultivating system of paddy field, filter with 60-90 order mesh bag, depth of water 10-50cm, cultivates optimising and adjustment water quality, makes water body fertile, alive, tender, refreshing;
The described harmful organisms of killing: in the cultivating system of paddy field, according to the conventional fish pond sterilizing method of cleaning up the pond, band water sterilization, kills leech harmful organisms in water body.
The structure of the concrete described leech seed of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark and snail and the thick culture system of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. planting aquatic plants, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; 2.. build leech snail habitat and water-changing tube road system: in little enclosure, planting aquatic plants and little enclosure inner side are all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, and little enclosure top arranges water-changing tube road system and/or the rainproof device that shelters from heat or light; 3.. the little enclosure open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding, the little spiral shell of breeding then of throwing something and feeding, and allow its self-sow; 4.. in little enclosure, put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed;
Described planting aquatic plants: in the culturing area planting aquatic plants comprising inside and outside big or small enclosure, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; The water plants of plantation comprises submerged plant and/or floating plant, spacing 0.5-10m between submerged plant, and floating plant accounts for the 2-30% of culturing area area; The planting aquatic plants time, for before putting leech seedling in a suitable place to breed, adds before and after water planting water;
Described structure habitat and water-changing tube road system: enclosure top arranges the rainproof device that shelters from heat or light, and generally uses the plastic film that plastic film and sunshade net or light transmission are low, reduces the light intensity of leech seedling nurturing period; In little enclosure, water plants and little enclosure inner side are all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, and leech accumulation has been avoided in sufficient habitat, facilitates leech to ingest and grows; Water-changing tube road system is set, by the outer water body of enclosure by pipe-line system and on aperture shunt, complete the inside and outside water exchange of little enclosure; Distance between aperture is 1.0-5.0m, is uniformly distributed, and supplements the living body baits such as the needed zooplankton of leech seed biological when changing water oxygenation;
The described little enclosure open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding: before throwing in leech seedling, at the culturing area then little spiral shell of throwing something and feeding, as the standby bait of leech seedling, allow little spiral shell be evenly distributed on little enclosure region and pasture and water wherein; After throwing in leech seedling, the leech seedling little spiral shell of eating food, thereby leech seedling can be uniformly distributed in little enclosure, prevents that leech seedling from piling up; While finding that the little spiral shell quantity of enclosure is rare, supplement fresh and alive agreeable to the taste then little spiral shell, generally within 2-7 days, throw something and feed once, each 50-500kg/ mu, and/or the agreeable to the taste zooplankton living body bait of the leech seed of throwing something and feeding is biological and/or the nutrient of splashing;
Describedly put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed: the leech seedling hatching is put in little enclosure region, and leech seedling is for just incubating seedling, acquisition pattern can be bought also can oneself hatching, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed be take morning at dusk as good, and it is 50-300 ten thousand tails that every mu of area is put quantity in a suitable place to breed.
System maintenance management is grown in the concrete described leech seed of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark and snail and the extensive cultivation of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. regulation and control water quality, utilize water-changing tube road system, to the oxygenation of washing by water in little enclosure, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment in little enclosure; 2.. supplement the little spiral shell of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient; 3.. regulation and control water quality; 4.. prevent and cure diseases;
Described regulation and control water quality: in the thick process of cultivation leech seedling mark, utilize the catharsis of water plants to breeding water body, by one or more method and measures in organic fertilizer, multidimensional, amino acid, water treatment element and the microorganism formulation of splashing, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment, supplement leech seed nutritional need, operation in 3-15 days once; By water-changing tube road system, by the outer water body of enclosure by pipe-line system and on aperture be diverted in little enclosure, complete the inside and outside water exchange of little enclosure, when changing water oxygenation, be that leech seed is supplemented the living body baits such as zooplankton biological;
The described little spiral shell of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding that supplements is as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient: after throwing in leech seedling, the leech seedling little spiral shell of eating food, while finding that the little spiral shell quantity of enclosure is rare, supplement fresh and alive agreeable to the taste then little spiral shell, generally within 2-7 days, throw something and feed once, each 50-500kg/ mu, and/or the agreeable to the taste zooplankton living body bait of the leech seed of throwing something and feeding is biological and/or the nutrient of splashing;
Described regulation and control water quality: in the thick process of leech seed mark, add with 60-90 order mesh bag, filter meet water quality standard for fishery fresh water, organic fertilizer, adds probiotics, regulation and control water quality, makes water quality fertile, tender, refreshing, alive, the algae very easily growing in removing water; After putting into leech seedling, progressively add high water level, after noting draining rainy day and noting rain, supplement fertilizer and nutrient;
Described preventing and curing diseases: it is main answering diseases prevention, and treatment is auxiliary, and regulating and controlling water quality is also a kind of disease-preventing method, and/or according to the conventional usage of aquatic products medicine, take and prevent and treat bacteriosis as main, the work of hirudiniculture control and prevention of disease carried out.
The concrete described results of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark are marked thick leech seed: in annual June, when leech seedling total length mark slightly arrives 5-15cm, the thick leech seedling of mark is pulled from little enclosure out to minute foster or sale.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and utilize fully wide paddy field to build the thick environment of leech seed mark, construction meets required ecological factor and the nutritional need of the thick cultivation of leech seed mark, can utilize mud base ring border by Ecology, Optimal culture water quality, reach the thick cultivating survival rate of seed mark high, without the technique effect such as stiff seedling old man seedling, seed size be neat, seed rearing survival rate 80-90%, efficiently solves the low technical barrier of survival rate in hirudiniculture process.
Embodiment:
Technical scheme provided by the invention mainly comprises: the thick culture system maintenance management → results of the construction method → commensalism mark leech of paddy field cultivating system early-stage preparations → leech and snail and pasture and water commensalisms system.
Specific implementation process is as follows: leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, comprise the following steps:
A. the thick cultivation of mark cultivating system early-stage preparations: comprise 1.. paddy field subregion: smooth paddy field culturing area is divided into culture zone and purification of water quality district; 2.. add water planting water, optimising and adjustment water quality; 3.. kill harmful organisms;
B. the structure of leech seed and snail and the thick culture system of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. planting aquatic plants, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; 2.. build leech snail habitat and water-changing tube road system: in little enclosure, planting aquatic plants and little enclosure inner side, all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, arrange water-changing tube road system, strengthen the inside and outside water body exchange of little enclosure; 3.. the little spiral shell of the breeding of throwing something and feeding in little enclosure is then as the edible bait of opening of leech seedling, and allows its self-sow; 4.. in little enclosure, put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed;
C. the thick culture system maintenance management of leech seed and snail and pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. regulation and control water quality, utilize water-changing tube road system, in little enclosure, change water oxygenation, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment in little enclosure; 2.. supplement the little spiral shell of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient; 3.. regulation and control water quality; 4.. prevent and cure diseases;
D. results are marked thick leech seed.
The concrete described paddy field cultivating system early-stage preparations of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. paddy field subregion: smooth paddy field culturing area is divided into hirudiniculture district and purification of water quality district; 2.. add water planting water, regulation and control water quality, makes water body fertile, alive, tender, refreshing; 3.. kill harmful organisms;
Described paddy field subregion: utilize said minuscule hole enclosure material that region, soil is divided into culturing area and purification of water quality region; Culture zone is set to a large enclosure, in large enclosure, gapped little enclosure is set, and conveniently in gap, observes and feeding, and little enclosure is rectangle or any uncertain shape; Enclosure Material texture is not limit, and closely perpendicular to the water surface, joins end to end without interrupted, and enclosure material hole size can not get out as degree to put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed, and hole is generally 70-90 order; In the buried mud in lower end, the degree of depth is 10-30cm, soil above enclosure height 0.5-1.0m, and enclosure upper end is to putting the nearly horizontal buckling in inner side, region in a suitable place to breed, and the width of bending is 10-30cm; The wide 0.5-50.0m of little enclosure, take 1.0-2.0m as good, and enclosure length is definite according to landform, can be 3-500m, and the spacing between little enclosure is 1-30m; The outer purification of water quality of enclosure region can be dug and deeply fetch earth for increasing surrounding ridge, highly slightly lower than the height of enclosure material; The ratio in culturing area and purification of water quality region is 1-100: 1.
The described water planting water that adds: add the fresh water that meets water quality standard for fishery in the cultivating system of paddy field, filter with 60-90 order mesh bag, depth of water 10-50cm, cultivates regulation and control water quality, makes water body fertile, alive, tender, refreshing;
The described harmful organisms of killing: in the cultivating system of paddy field, according to the conventional fish pond sterilizing method of cleaning up the pond, band water sterilization, kills leech harmful organisms in water body.
The structure of the concrete described leech seed of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark and snail and the thick culture system of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. planting aquatic plants, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; 2.. build leech snail habitat and water-changing tube road system: enclosure top arranges the rainproof device that shelters from heat or light, in little enclosure, planting aquatic plants and little enclosure inner side are all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, and little enclosure top arranges water-changing tube road system; 3.. the little enclosure open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding, the little spiral shell of breeding then of throwing something and feeding, and allow its self-sow; 4.. in little enclosure, put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed;
Described planting aquatic plants: in the culturing area planting aquatic plants comprising inside and outside big or small enclosure, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; The water plants of plantation comprises submerged plant and/or floating plant, spacing 0.5-10m between submerged plant, and floating plant accounts for the 2-50% of culturing area area; The planting aquatic plants time, for before putting leech seedling in a suitable place to breed, adds before and after water planting water;
Described structure habitat and water-changing tube road system: enclosure top arranges the rainproof device that shelters from heat or light, and generally uses the plastic film that plastic film and sunshade net or light transmission are low, reduces the light intensity of leech seedling nurturing period; In little enclosure, water plants and little enclosure inner side are all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, and leech accumulation has been avoided in sufficient habitat, facilitates leech to ingest and grows; Water-changing tube road system is set, by the outer water body of enclosure by pipe-line system and on aperture shunt, complete the inside and outside water exchange of little enclosure; Distance between aperture is 1.0-5.0m, is uniformly distributed, and supplements the living body baits such as the needed zooplankton of leech seed biological when changing water oxygenation;
The described little enclosure open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding: before throwing in leech seedling, at the culturing area then little spiral shell of throwing something and feeding, as the standby bait of leech seedling, allow little spiral shell be evenly distributed on little enclosure region and pasture and water wherein; After throwing in leech seedling, the leech seedling little spiral shell of eating food, thereby leech seedling can be uniformly distributed in little enclosure, prevents that leech seedling from piling up; While finding that the little spiral shell quantity of enclosure is rare, supplement fresh and alive agreeable to the taste then little spiral shell, generally within 2-7 days, throw something and feed once, each 50-500kg/ mu, and/or the agreeable to the taste zooplankton living body bait of the leech seed of throwing something and feeding is biological and/or the nutrient of splashing;
Describedly put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed: the leech seedling hatching is put in little enclosure region, and leech seedling is for just incubating seedling, acquisition pattern can be bought also can oneself hatching, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed be take morning at dusk as good, and it is 50-300 ten thousand tails that every mu of area is put quantity in a suitable place to breed.
System maintenance management is grown in the concrete described leech seed of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark and snail and the extensive cultivation of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. regulation and control water quality, utilize water-changing tube road system, to the oxygenation of washing by water in little enclosure, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment in little enclosure; 2.. supplement the little spiral shell of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient; 3.. regulation and control water quality; 4.. prevent and cure diseases;
Described regulation and control water quality: in the thick process of cultivation leech seedling mark, utilize the catharsis of water plants to breeding water body, by one or more method and measures in organic fertilizer, multidimensional, amino acid, water treatment element and the microorganism formulation of splashing, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment, supplement leech seed nutritional need, operation in 3-15 days once; By water-changing tube road system, by the outer water body of enclosure by pipe-line system and on aperture be diverted in little enclosure, complete the inside and outside water exchange of little enclosure, when changing water oxygenation, be that leech seed is supplemented the living body baits such as zooplankton biological;
The described little spiral shell of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding that supplements is as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient: after throwing in leech seedling, the leech seedling little spiral shell of eating food, while finding that the little spiral shell quantity of enclosure is rare, supplement fresh and alive agreeable to the taste then little spiral shell, generally within 2-7 days, throw something and feed once, each 50-500kg/ mu, and/or the agreeable to the taste zooplankton living body bait of the leech seed of throwing something and feeding is biological and/or the nutrient of splashing;
Described regulation and control water quality: in the thick process of leech seed mark, add with 60-90 order mesh bag, filter meet water quality standard for fishery fresh water, organic fertilizer, adds probiotics, regulation and control water quality, makes water quality fertile, tender, refreshing, alive, the algae very easily growing in removing water; After putting into leech seedling, progressively add high water level, after noting draining rainy day and noting rain, supplement fertilizer and nutrient;
Described preventing and curing diseases: it is main answering diseases prevention, and treatment is auxiliary, and regulating and controlling water quality is also a kind of disease-preventing method, and/or according to the conventional usage of aquatic products medicine, take and prevent and treat bacteriosis as main, the work of hirudiniculture control and prevention of disease carried out.
The concrete described results of leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark are marked thick leech seed: in annual June, when leech seedling total length mark slightly arrives 5-15cm, the thick leech seedling of mark is pulled from little enclosure out to minute foster or sale.
This programme is in the cultivating system of paddy field, and comprehensive utilization hirudiniculture biology and water environment ecological control are set up the Ecology environment that is applicable to leech growth, and high-servival rate obtains the breeding method of the thick seed of leech mark; In this case, the thick survival rate 85-95% of leech seed mark left and right, has effectively solved the low technical problem of weed survival rate in hirudiniculture process.The embodiment that the present invention sets forth not is the restriction to the claims in the present invention, and the thick breeding method of different types of commensalism mark on biological significance and this area related personnel change and all fall into protection domain of the present invention according to conventional means and with foreseeable fine setting variation and program step.
Claims (5)
1. leech seed and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, comprise the following steps:
A. the thick cultivation of mark cultivating system early-stage preparations: comprise 1.. paddy field subregion: smooth paddy field culturing area is divided into culture zone and purification of water quality district; 2.. add water planting water, optimising and adjustment water quality; 3.. kill harmful organisms;
B. the structure of leech seed and snail and the thick culture system of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. planting aquatic plants, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; 2.. build leech snail habitat and water-changing tube road system: in little enclosure, planting aquatic plants and little enclosure inner side, all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, arrange water-changing tube road system, strengthen the inside and outside water body exchange of little enclosure; 3.. the little individual snail of the breeding of throwing something and feeding in little enclosure is then as the edible bait of opening of leech seedling, and allows its self-sow; 4.. in little enclosure, put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed;
C. the thick culture system maintenance management of leech seed and snail and pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. regulation and control water quality, utilize water-changing tube road system, in little enclosure, change water oxygenation, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment in little enclosure; 2.. supplement the little individual snail of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding as the edible bait of leech, supplement the needed food organisms of leech seed and/or nutrient; 3.. regulation and control water quality; 4.. prevent and cure diseases;
D. results are marked thick leech seed.
2. leech seed according to claim 1 and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, it is characterized in that described paddy field cultivating system early-stage preparations: comprise 1.. paddy field subregion: smooth paddy field culturing area is divided into hirudiniculture district and purification of water quality district; 2.. add water planting water, optimising and adjustment water quality; 3.. kill harmful organisms;
Described paddy field subregion: utilize said minuscule hole enclosure material that region, soil is divided into culturing area and purification of water quality region; Culture zone is set to a large enclosure, in large enclosure, little enclosure is set, and is rectangle or any uncertain shape; The wide 0.5-50.0m of little enclosure, take 1.0-2.0m as good, and enclosure length is determined according to landform, be can be 3-500m; Between little enclosure, preset clearance is convenient observes and feeding, and the spacing between little enclosure is 1-30m; Little enclosure and large enclosure Material texture are not limit, and closely perpendicular to the water surface, join end to end without interrupted, and enclosure material hole size can not get out as degree to put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed, and hole size and 70-90 order are to quite; Enclosure material lower end is embedded in mud, and the degree of depth is 10-30cm, the above enclosure height of earth 0.5-1.0m, and enclosure upper end is to putting the nearly horizontal buckling in inner side, region in a suitable place to breed, and the width of bending is 10-30cm; The outer purification of water quality of enclosure region can be dug and deeply fetch earth for increasing surrounding ridge, highly slightly lower than the height of enclosure material; The ratio in culturing area and purification of water quality region is 1-100: 1;
The described water planting water that adds, optimising and adjustment water quality: add the fresh water that meets water quality standard for fishery in the cultivating system of paddy field, filter with 60-90 order mesh bag, depth of water 10-50cm, cultivates optimising and adjustment water quality, makes water body fertile, alive, tender, refreshing;
The described harmful organisms of killing: in the cultivating system of paddy field, according to the conventional fish pond sterilizing method of cleaning up the pond, band water sterilization, kills leech harmful organisms in water body.
3. leech seed according to claim 1 and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, is characterized in that, the structure of leech seed and snail and the thick culture system of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. planting aquatic plants, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; 2.. build leech snail habitat and water-changing tube road system: in little enclosure, planting aquatic plants and little enclosure inner side are all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process, and little enclosure top arranges water-changing tube road system and/or the rainproof device that shelters from heat or light; 3.. the little enclosure open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding, the little individual snail of breeding then of throwing something and feeding, and allow its self-sow; 4.. in little enclosure, put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed;
Described planting aquatic plants: in the culturing area planting aquatic plants comprising inside and outside big or small enclosure, strengthening culturing area water purification ability; The water plants of plantation comprises submerged plant and/or floating plant, spacing 0.5-10m between submerged plant, and floating plant accounts for the 2-50% of culturing area area; The planting aquatic plants time, for before putting leech seedling in a suitable place to breed, adds before and after water planting water;
Described structure habitat and water-changing tube road system: enclosure top arranges the rainproof device that shelters from heat or light, with plastic film and sunshade net or the low plastic film of light transmission, reduce the light intensity of leech seedling nurturing period; In little enclosure, water plants and little enclosure inner side are all as the habitat in hirudiniculture process; Water-changing tube road system is set, by the outer water body of enclosure by pipe-line system and on aperture shunt, complete the inside and outside water exchange of little enclosure; Distance between aperture is 1.0-5.0m, is uniformly distributed, and supplements the living body baits such as the needed zooplankton of leech seed biological when changing water oxygenation;
The described little enclosure open-mouthed bait of throwing something and feeding: before throwing in leech seedling, at the culturing area then little individual snail of throwing something and feeding, as the standby bait of leech seedling, allow the even natural distribution of little individual snail on little enclosure region and pasture and water wherein; After throwing in leech seedling, the little individual snail of leech seedling food, thereby leech seedling can be uniformly distributed in little enclosure, prevents that leech seedling from piling up; While finding that the little individual snail quantity of enclosure is rare, supplement fresh and alive agreeable to the taste then little individual snail, generally within 2-7 days, throw something and feed once, each 50-500kg/ mu, and/or the agreeable to the taste zooplankton living body bait of the leech seed of throwing something and feeding is biological and/or the nutrient of splashing;
Describedly put leech seedling in a suitable place to breed: the leech seedling hatching is put in little enclosure region, and leech seedling is for just incubating seedling, acquisition pattern can be bought also can oneself hatching, and the time of putting in a suitable place to breed be take morning at dusk as good, and it is 50-300 ten thousand tails that every mu of area is put quantity in a suitable place to breed.
4. leech seed according to claim 1 and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, it is characterized in that, system maintenance management is grown in leech seed and snail and the extensive cultivation of pasture and water commensalism mark: comprise 1.. and training water changes water oxygenation: utilize water-changing tube road system, to the oxygenation of washing by water in little enclosure, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment in little enclosure; 2.. supplement the little individual snail of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding as the edible bait of leech, and/or the needed food organisms of supplementary leech seed and/or nutrient; 3.. regulation and control water quality; 4.. prevent and cure diseases;
Described training water changes water oxygenation: in the thick process of cultivation leech seedling mark, utilize the catharsis of water plants to breeding water body, by one or more method and measures in organic fertilizer, multidimensional, amino acid, water treatment element and the microorganism formulation of splashing, improve the water quality condition of breeding environment, supplement leech seed nutritional need, operation in 3-15 days once; By water-changing tube road system, by the outer water body of enclosure by pipe-line system and on aperture be diverted in little enclosure, complete the inside and outside water exchange of little enclosure, when changing water oxygenation, be that leech seed is supplemented the living body baits such as zooplankton biological;
The described little individual snail of the breeding then of throwing something and feeding that supplements is as the edible bait of leech, and/or the needed food organisms of supplementary leech seed and/or nutrient: after throwing in leech seedling, the little individual snail of leech seedling food, while finding that the little individual snail quantity of enclosure is rare, supplement fresh and alive agreeable to the taste then little individual snail, generally within 2-7 days, throw something and feed once, each 50-500kg/ mu, and/or the agreeable to the taste zooplankton living body bait of the leech seed of throwing something and feeding is biological and/or the nutrient of splashing;
Described regulation and control water quality: in the thick process of leech seed mark, add with 60-90 order mesh bag, filter meet water quality standard for fishery fresh water, and/or organic fertilizer, and/or add probiotics, optimising and adjustment water quality, makes water quality fertile, tender, refreshing, alive; After putting into leech seedling, progressively add high water level, after noting draining rainy day and noting rain, supplement fertilizer and/or nutrient;
Described preventing and curing diseases: it is main answering diseases prevention, and treatment is auxiliary, and regulating and controlling water quality is also a kind of disease-preventing method of the best, and/or according to the conventional usage of aquatic products medicine, take and prevent and treat bacteriosis as main, the control and prevention of disease work of thick nurturing period of leech seed mark carried out.
5. leech seed according to claim 1 and snail and the thick breeding method of pasture and water commensalism mark, it is characterized in that, described results are marked thick leech seed: in the annual 6-7 month, when leech seedling total length mark slightly arrives 5-15cm, the thick leech seedling of mark is pulled from little enclosure out to minute foster or sale.
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| CN104304196A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 湖州南浔康利源特种水产专业合作社 | Leech seed production method |
| CN104904663A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 广西复鑫益生物科技有限公司平南分公司 | High-density artificial culturing method of wide body leeches |
| CN104920273A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-23 | 荆州市南欣商贸有限公司 | Leech ecologicalization purse net cultivation method |
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| CN107155982A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-15 | 吴江市明星产业种养殖中心 | A kind of hirudiniculture method |
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| CN109122429A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-04 | 重庆铭实农业科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of eurysome golden thread leech soil pond culture synergy mode |
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| CN104904663A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-09-16 | 广西复鑫益生物科技有限公司平南分公司 | High-density artificial culturing method of wide body leeches |
| CN104920273A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-23 | 荆州市南欣商贸有限公司 | Leech ecologicalization purse net cultivation method |
| CN105284688A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 唐雷 | Sweet-water fish culturing method |
| CN105284746A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-03 | 重庆市中药研究院 | High-efficiency Hirudo nipponia intercropping method |
| CN106035237A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 南京农业大学 | Fine feeding method for indoor culture of leeches |
| CN105994175A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Ecological three-dimensional culturing method of leeches and loaches |
| CN105994175B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2019-05-28 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | A kind of leech and loach ecology stereoscopic cultivation method |
| CN107155982A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-15 | 吴江市明星产业种养殖中心 | A kind of hirudiniculture method |
| CN107155982B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2021-02-19 | 吴江市明星产业种养殖中心 | Leech culture method |
| CN107279067A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-10-24 | 南宁学院 | A kind of cultural method of leech |
| CN109122429A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-01-04 | 重庆铭实农业科技开发有限责任公司 | A kind of eurysome golden thread leech soil pond culture synergy mode |
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