CN103270918B - Rice and shrimp joint culturing ecological breeding system and method - Google Patents
Rice and shrimp joint culturing ecological breeding system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103270918B CN103270918B CN201310173237.5A CN201310173237A CN103270918B CN 103270918 B CN103270918 B CN 103270918B CN 201310173237 A CN201310173237 A CN 201310173237A CN 103270918 B CN103270918 B CN 103270918B
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000000576 supplementary effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001530056 Athelia rolfsii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001284241 Metapenaeus bennettae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000292693 Poa annua Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008141 laxative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002475 laxative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice and shrimp joint culturing ecological breeding system and method. The rice and shrimp joint culturing ecological breeding system and method utilizes the biological cycle system in the natural world, the rice is planted quarterly, the field is vacant in winter and is used for raising chickens, shrimps bred in field furrows are utilized to prey on pests in the rice field, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides is avoided, water is purified, and pollution is reduced. The supplementary effect between animals and plants is utilized to carry out continuous culturing of the rice and shrimps, simultaneous breeding of the rice and shrimps is achieved, and the rice and shrimps are pollution-free and environment-friendly. Therefore, the rice and shrimp continuous culturing ecological breeding technical system is built up, and economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits are achieved synchronously.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to crops and aquaculture field, be specifically related to ecological cultivation system and the method for the common cultivation of a kind of rice shrimp.
[background technology]
Along with the deterioration of Rice Cropping environment, disease, insect pest, crop smothering are on the rise.In traditional mode of production, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals are commonly used, and this not only gives the edible hidden danger of bringing of rice, and meanwhile, heavy dressing laxative causes environmental pollution.In addition, polluted water is buckled in the independent cultivation of shrimp, destroys the cap of ecotope.
Ecologic planting cultivation is the inexorable trend of Agricultural Industrialization Development, be characterized according to the symbiosis complementarity principle between kind of cultivation animals and plants, utilize natural substance circulation system, by corresponding kind of cultural technique and control measures, make animals and plants growth jointly in certain breeding spaces and region, realize the object of keeping ecological balance, improve culture benefit.The developmental research that the present invention carries out based on above-mentioned background just.
[summary of the invention]
The object of this invention is to provide the continuous cropping of a kind of rice shrimp and maintain the ecological balance, and producing ecological cultivation system and the method for the rice of nuisanceless, environmental protection.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of rice shrimp makes ecological cultivation system altogether, it comprises ground, rice field, ridge, excavation described rice field and ridge between for the annular ditch of shrimp aquaculture, the field ditch that excavation is communicated with described annular ditch in ground, described rice field, irrigate machine room, be arranged on the multiple micro-pore oxygen increasing devices in annular ditch, described annular ditch has water inlet and discharge outlet, described water inlet is connected with described irrigation machine room by pipeline, described discharge outlet is connected with river by pipeline, described ridge top layer is higher than the field face on ground, described rice field, both are at a distance of 1～1.2 meter, described annular ditch width is 2.5～3.5 meters, the degree of depth is 0.8～1.2 meter.
Optimally, described ridge border is provided with fence.
Optimally, described field ditch has many, and does not communicate between field ditch described in many.
Rice shrimp makes a method for ecological cultivation system cultivation altogether, and it comprises the steps:
(a) storage is fertile: after a upper season paddy rice harvesting, raise chickens in the fields, plant grass, before next Rice Cropping, grass, dry field are turned in field in season, water filling enters field original straw, green grass are fermented;
(b) play field, rice transplanting: field is arranged smooth, carried out east-west direction rice transplanting according to 11～12 centimetres of 28～32 centimetres of line-spacings, spacing in the rows, and keep in rice field water level 2 centimetres of left and right;
(c) irrigate greatly deinsectization: upper water, water level reaches rice seedlings head ending, within 5～6 hours, completes the water time, and maintains high water level about 24 hours;
(d) put shrimp seedling: recover water level, put into shrimp seedling, regularly, quantitatively, fixed point feeding shrimp, shrimp food dispenser is at the outer circumferential side of annular ditch;
(e) micro-pore oxygenation: in shrimp developmental process, open micro-pore oxygen increasing device according to weather condition;
(f) repeatedly change water: in growth process of riceplant, repeatedly change water to replace agricultural chemicals deinsectization;
(g) shrimping, harvesting: around National Day, carry out shrimping then, treat that spike of rice grows up to, behind roasting field, carry out paddy rice harvesting.
Optimally, carrying out, step (b) is front, in field, executes a certain amount of efficient compound fertilizer, dish cake.
Optimally, front in step (d), after drained water, in annular ditch, be sprinkled into pulverized limestone or bleaching powder carries out disinfection.
Optimally, in step (d), the prawn seedling that starts for the 3rd day that discharges shrimp seedling carries out timing, quantitative, fixed point feeding.
Optimally, in step (f), in the time of booting stage and blooming stage water filling, water level is positioned at spike of rice head below.
Optimally, in growth process of riceplant, adopt manual type weeding.
Due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages: the present invention utilizes the nature biotechnology circulatory system, One-season Planting paddy rice, vacant field poultry in winter, utilize the harmful organisms in field ditch cultivation river prawn predation rice field, avoid the use of fertilizer and pesticide, purified water, reduced and pollute.Utilize the complementation between animals and plants to carry out the continuous cropping of rice shrimp, realize rice shrimp aquaculture and lay equal stress on, rice and shrimp are nuisanceless, environmental protection.Thereby build rice shrimp continuous cropping ecological culturex system, realized economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit and synchronously carry out.
[brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 is that rice shrimp of the present invention makes ecological cultivation system schematic diagram altogether;
Fig. 2 is location diagram between field, ridge and annular ditch in system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that rice shrimp of the present invention makes ecologic breeding mechanism schematic diagram altogether;
1, ground, rice field; 11, field ditch; 2, ridge; 3, annular ditch; 31, water inlet; 32, discharge outlet; 4, irrigate machine room; 5, fence; 6, micro-pore oxygen increasing device.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Rice shrimp as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 makes ecological cultivation system altogether, and other comprises ground, rice field, large section 1, ridge 2, excavates the field ditch 11 being communicated with annular ditch 3 at the annular ditch 3 between ground 1, rice field and ridge 2, excavation, the fence 5 that is centered around ridge 2 peripheries in ground, rice field 1.This ecological cultivation system also comprises the irrigation machine room 4 of building in this river bank, region, annular ditch 3 is provided with water inlet 31 and discharge outlet 32, water inlet 31 is connected to realize water by water inlet pipe with irrigation machine room 4 and injects field, and discharge outlet 32 is connected with river that by outlet pipe field telluric water is discharged.In the present invention, ground, rice field 1 area is 500～1000 hectares, and the width of annular ditch 3 is 2.5～3.5 meters, and its degree of depth is 0.8～1.2 meter.Evenly be provided with multiple micro-pore oxygen increasing devices 6 annular ditch 3 is interior.Ridge 2 is higher than ground, rice field 1, and both differences in height are 1～1.2 meter.
Field ditch 11 in ground, rice field 1 has many, and does not communicate between each.The furrow width of every field ditch 11 is 2～2.5 meters, and ditch depth is 0.7～0.8 meter.In the present embodiment, field ditch 11 excavates symmetrically in ground, rice field 1.
Rice shrimp of the present invention is made to ecological cultivation system framework altogether above and is illustrated, below rice shrimp is described in detail as cultural method altogether:
When after a upper season paddy rice harvesting, poultry in the fields, the winter grass of leaving grows wild.To spring in the coming year, in the middle ten days in April, grass is turned in field, dry field.Now, chicken manure just, straw stalk and green grass is by soft opening, and reaches the object of loose ground, sterilization.
In the first tenday period of a month in May, pour water to field.Under the irrigation of water, straw stalk, green grass etc. are submerged, and to its fermentation, rotten, form natural fertilizers.
To early June, beat field, make field smooth.For further getting fat, beating before field, can spill efficient compound fertilizer, dish cake etc. to executing in field.
Beating behind field is rice transplanting.It is 30cm that rice transplanting should be followed rice shoot line-spacing, and spacing in the rows is 11～12cm, and rice shoot should be according to east-west direction rice transplanting, ensured that like this in field, air permeability is better, thereby rice shoot root is not perishable, prevents the generation of banded sclerotial blight.Between transplanting date, the water level in field should remain on 2cm left and right.
After rice transplanting, carry out once going up greatly water with deinsectization.The water level of upper water will be done not say or talk seedling slightly, reaches the high water level time should be controlled at 5～6 hours, after peak level maintains about 24 hours, by water discharge completely, carries out unique once sterilizing simultaneously, in annular ditch, sterilizes once with pulverized limestone or bleaching powder.Maintain the normal growth water level of rice seedlings at Shang Shui.
Mid-July, in annular ditch, discharge shrimp seedling.Put after shrimp seedling feeding immediately, should start at the 3rd day feeding, the feeding of shrimp seedling should follow timing, quantitatively, the principle of fixed point.Fixed point is the periphery that food particle is sprinkled upon to annular ditch, makes shrimp automatically to corresponding location material feeding, to form its good life habit.
So far, paddy rice and shrimp grow jointly.In this growth cycle, can according to circumstances start micro-pore oxygen increasing device, when fine day, start micro-pore oxygenation, can increase the convection current of water, thereby make side under water be not easy to gather pernicious gas.When overcast and rainy, oxygen-increasing device provides enough oxygen, ensures that the oxygen amount of water Prawn needs.
In order to contain the growth of insect, in this growth cycle, should repeatedly discharge water, upper water, generally carry out 6～8 times, it has replaced tradition will make a call to medicine mode with expelling parasite every the two weeks left and right time, has effectively reduced pollution, meanwhile, repeatedly change the Fast Growth that water is also conducive to shrimp.On in Rise's boot period and blooming stage, when water, should notice that water level can not overflow to fringe head, thereby have influence on the plumpness of fringe grain.
To the mid-autumn, National Day, shrimp grows up to individual, can carry out shrimping.Now, spike of rice grows up to, and bakes field, until carry out the harvesting of rice.
Can be found out by upper process, in the cycle that whole rice shrimp does altogether, not apply fertilizer, not spray any agricultural chemicals, really realize that crops are nuisanceless, green, environmental protection.The ecological circulation mechanism of whole process based on shown in Fig. 3:
Ridge, field poultry produce base manure, and the base manure in field ditch provides fertilizer to shrimp, thereby grows up to finished product shrimp; Base manure in field provides nutrition for paddy rice, and meanwhile, the shrimp in field ditch repeatedly goes up water paddy rice is carried out to deinsectization, thereby grows up to rice finished product.
Symbiosis complementarity principle between animals and plants of the present invention, utilizes natural substance circulation system, by corresponding kind of cultural technique, makes the growth jointly in certain breeding spaces and region of paddy rice and shrimp, realizes the object of keeping ecological balance, improve culture benefit.Utilize the harmful organisms in shrimps predation rice field, utilize paddy growth to absorb nutrition in water body, purify water, reduce the use of fertilizer and pesticide, reduce breeding wastewater impact to external world, realize the consumption reduction of taping the latent power, reduce and pollute, be conducive to preserve the ecological environment.
The present invention also can have other various embodiments; in the situation that not deviating from spirit of the present invention and essence; those skilled in the art can make according to the present invention various corresponding changes and distortion, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the scope of claim protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. rice shrimp makes an ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: it comprises that rice shrimp makes structure and the ecologic breeding process of ecological cultivation system altogether, wherein,
Build rice shrimp and make altogether ecological cultivation system, it comprises rice field (1), ridge (2), excavation in described rice field between (1) and ridge (2) for the annular ditch (3) of shrimp aquaculture, the field ditch (11) that excavation is communicated with described annular ditch (3) in (1) in described rice field, irrigate machine room (4), be arranged on the multiple micro-pore oxygen increasing devices (6) in annular ditch (3), described annular ditch (3) has water inlet (31) and discharge outlet (32), described water inlet (31) is connected with described irrigation machine room (4) by pipeline, described discharge outlet (32) is connected with river by pipeline, described ridge (2) top layer higher than described rice field the field face of (1), both are at a distance of 1 ~ 1.2 meter, described annular ditch (3) width is 2.5 ~ 3.5 meters, the degree of depth is 0.8 ~ 1.2 meter,
Ecologic breeding process comprises the steps,
(a) storage is fertile: after a upper season paddy rice harvesting, raise chickens in the fields, plant grass, before next Rice Cropping, grass, dry field are turned in field in season, water filling enters field original straw, green grass are fermented;
(b) play field, rice transplanting: field is arranged smooth, followed 11 ~ 12 centimetres of 30 centimetres of line-spacings, spacing in the rows and carry out east-west direction rice transplanting, and keep in rice field water level 2 centimetres of left and right;
(c) irrigate greatly deinsectization: upper water, water level reaches rice seedlings head ending, within 5 ~ 6 hours, completes the water time, and maintains high water level about 24 hours;
(d) put shrimp seedling: recover water level, put into shrimp seedling, regularly, quantitatively, fixed point feeding shrimp, shrimp food dispenser is at the outer circumferential side of annular ditch;
(e) micro-pore oxygenation: in shrimp developmental process, open micro-pore oxygen increasing device according to weather condition;
(f) repeatedly change water: in growth process of riceplant, repeatedly change water to replace agricultural chemicals deinsectization;
(g) shrimping, harvesting: around National Day, carry out shrimping then, treat that spike of rice grows up to, behind roasting field, carry out paddy rice harvesting.
2. rice shrimp according to claim 1 makes ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: described structure rice shrimp does in ecological cultivation system altogether, and ridge (2) border is provided with fence (5).
3. rice shrimp according to claim 1 makes ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: described structure rice shrimp does in ecological cultivation system altogether, and field ditch (11) has many, and does not communicate between field ditch (11) described in many.
4. make altogether ecological cultivation method according to the arbitrary described rice shrimp of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: step (b) is front carrying out, in field, execute a certain amount of efficient compound fertilizer, dish cake.
5. rice shrimp according to claim 4 makes ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: front in step (d), after drained water, in annular ditch, be sprinkled into pulverized limestone or bleaching powder carries out disinfection.
6. rice shrimp according to claim 4 makes ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: in step (d), the prawn seedling that starts for the 3rd day that discharges shrimp seedling carries out timing, quantitative, fixed point feeding.
7. rice shrimp according to claim 4 makes ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: in step (f), in the time of booting stage and blooming stage water filling, water level is positioned at spike of rice head below.
8. rice shrimp according to claim 4 makes ecological cultivation method altogether, it is characterized in that: in growth process of riceplant, adopt manual type weeding.
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| CN201310173237.5A CN103270918B (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2013-05-10 | Rice and shrimp joint culturing ecological breeding system and method |
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| CN114375892A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-22 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Rice and shrimp ecological circulation system and co-operation method thereof |
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