CN106172169B - Internal circulation oxygenation device for fish culture pond and use method thereof - Google Patents
Internal circulation oxygenation device for fish culture pond and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106172169B CN106172169B CN201610633858.0A CN201610633858A CN106172169B CN 106172169 B CN106172169 B CN 106172169B CN 201610633858 A CN201610633858 A CN 201610633858A CN 106172169 B CN106172169 B CN 106172169B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
Abstract
An internal circulation oxygen increasing device for a fish culture pond and a using method thereof belong to the technical field of aquaculture, the device comprises a base, a submersible pump, a support, a water intake pipe, a three-way pipe, an air intake pipe, a water outlet pipe, a jet pipe, a remote control switch and a cable, wherein the submersible pump is arranged on the base and is connected with the water intake pipe, the water intake pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe through the three-way pipe, one horizontal port of the three-way pipe is connected with the water intake pipe, the other horizontal port of the three-way pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe, the port vertical to the water surface is connected with the air intake pipe, the water intake pipe and the water outlet pipe are connected on the same straight line through two horizontal ports of the three-way pipe, the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is arranged in the pond, the exchange and the oxygen increasing of the upper and lower, greatly reduces the occurrence probability of diseases caused by the putrefaction of pond bottom materials and the deterioration of water quality, improves the survival rate and the culture yield of fish pond culture, and achieves the purposes of improving the quality and enhancing the efficiency of pond culture production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an internal circulation oxygen increasing device for a fish culture pond and a using method thereof.
Background
The area of the aquaculture pond in China reaches 311.8 million hectares (national fishery statistics yearbook, 2015), and the method is a main carrier for aquaculture production of fishes in China. The pond culture environment is similar to the natural environment, the culture cost is lower, and the cultured fish products have excellent quality and are deeply loved by the consumers. Good water quality is a prerequisite condition for ensuring smooth fish pond culture, but in the fish pond culture process in China at present, some technical problems which need to be overcome urgently exist in the aspects of water quality regulation and management, such as: (1) because of the limitation of geographical conditions, water can be fed and drained only in the rising tide and falling tide processes in the pond culture process, and the overall water change rate is low; (2) in the culture process, because the culture water depth in the pond is higher (generally 2-3 meters), the exchange of an upper water layer and a lower water layer in the pond is not smooth, the problem of oxygen deficiency of a water body at the bottom of the pond is more prominent, and favorable conditions are provided for the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms; (3) the water volume in the aquaculture pond is huge, the aquaculture water in the aquaculture pond is in a static 'dead water' state most of time, and can not form circular flow in the pond, and the aquaculture input products such as baits and metabolic wastes such as excrement are scattered and accumulated at random in the pond, so that the aquaculture pond is not easy to concentrate and effectively clean. Therefore, the wastes such as residual baits and feces accumulated for a long time and the anoxic environmental conditions are easy to cause the rotten bottom of the pond and the deterioration of water quality, further cause diseases of the cultured fishes, and influence the survival rate and the yield of the cultured fishes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an internal circulation oxygen increasing device for a fish culture pond and a using method thereof, and solves the problems of pond rotting and water quality deterioration which are easily caused in the fish pond culture process in China. According to the invention, the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is arranged in the pond, so that the exchange and oxygen increasing of the upper and lower water layers are realized, the culture water in the pond is pushed to form internal circulation flow, the centralized cleaning of large-particle culture wastes is facilitated, an excellent fish growth environment is created, the occurrence probability of diseases caused by the corruption of pond bottom materials and the deterioration of water quality is greatly reduced, the survival rate and the quality and yield of fish pond culture are improved, and the purpose of improving the efficiency of pond culture production is achieved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an internal circulation oxygenation device for a fish culture pond comprises a base, a submersible pump, a support, a water intake pipe, a three-way pipe, an air intake pipe, a water outlet pipe, a jet pipe, a remote control switch and a cable, wherein the submersible pump is arranged on the base and is connected with the water intake pipe;
the air inlet pipe is an air inlet channel, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with a vertical port of the three-way pipe, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is exposed out of the water surface by 45-55cm and is fixedly kept upright through a floater on the water surface; when the submersible pump works, when water at the bottom of the pond flows through the three-way pipe at a high speed through the water intake pipe and enters the water outlet pipe, negative pressure formed in the pipeline brings air into the water through the air intake pipe, and the air is dispersed into micro bubbles at a high speed through the jet pipe and enters the water in the pond, so that high-efficiency oxygenation is realized, and meanwhile, the exchange between the water at the bottom of the pond and the water in the middle layer is also realized;
one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a horizontal port of the three-way pipe, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the jet pipe;
one end of the jet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe, the other end of the jet pipe is a jet water outlet, the diameter of the jet water outlet is changed into flat, and when the submersible pump operates, oxygen and water flow sucked and dissolved by the air inlet pipe are jointly ejected out at high speed through the flat water outlet of the jet pipe, so that the water body is pushed to rotate, and meanwhile, the oxygen increasing of the aquaculture water body is realized;
the support is provided with 3 branches, one branch of the support is fixed on the base, and the other two branches are respectively and fixedly used for supporting the three-way pipe and the joint of the water outlet pipe and the jet pipe;
the remote control switch is arranged in the shore control room and is connected with the submersible pump in the pond through a cable, and the submersible pump is remotely controlled to be turned on and off.
Furthermore, the base is trapezoidal and is formed by concrete masonry and is located at the bottom of the pond.
Furthermore, the power of the submersible pump is 1-3kw and the submersible pump is fixedly arranged on the base.
Furthermore, the water intake pipe, the three-way pipe, the air inlet pipe, the water outlet pipe, the jet pipe and the support are all made of PPR materials.
The invention also provides a use method of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device for the fish culture pond, which comprises an internal circulation oxygen increasing device setting mode and an internal circulation setting mode;
the arrangement of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is that a base is respectively built at four corners of two diagonal lines at the bottom of the fish culture pond, the position of the base is 1.5-2 meters away from a ridge of the culture pond, and 1 internal circulation oxygen increasing device is respectively arranged on the base;
the internal circulation arrangement mode means that when 4 internal circulation oxygenation devices are simultaneously started, water flow ejected from the jet pipe pushes the aquaculture water to flow, and continuous circular flow of the water in the aquaculture pond is formed.
Furthermore, the internal circulation oxygenation device is started for 2-3 hours in the morning and in the evening and in the low oxygen state through the remote control switch, under the promotion of the internal circulation water flow of the aquaculture pond, large-particle wastes including excrement and residual baits are favorably concentrated at the bottom of the pond, and the pond is convenient to clean.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides an internal circulation oxygenation device for a fish culture pond and a using method thereof, wherein the internal circulation oxygenation device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, low in manufacturing cost and easy to install. According to the structural characteristics of the pond and the principle of engineering mechanics, when the internal circulation oxygen increasing device operates, the submersible pump operates to pump the bottom water to the middle upper water layer, so that the exchange of the upper and lower aquaculture water layers in the pond is realized, the uniformity of the water environment in the pond is favorably maintained, and the water quality condition at the bottom of the aquaculture pond can be effectively improved.
2. The invention provides an internal circulation oxygen increasing device for a fish culture pond and a using method thereof, wherein the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is connected with a water intake pipe, a water outlet pipe and an air intake pipe through a three-way pipe, air is sucked in under the action of negative pressure formed by water flow, and is dispersed into micro bubbles under the action of a jet pipe and is injected into a culture water body at a high speed, so that the high-efficiency oxygen increasing of the culture water body at the middle lower part in the pond is realized, the low-oxygen condition at the bottom of the pond can be effectively improved, the propagation of harmful microorganisms is inhibited, the oxygen increasing effect is better than that of a common oxygen increasing machine, and the.
3. According to the internal circulation oxygen increasing device for the fish culture pond and the using method thereof, the 1 internal circulation oxygen increasing device is respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the fish culture pond, so that a water body forms high-speed flow under the action of the submersible pump, the culture water body in the pond is pushed to form effective internal circulation flow, the residual bait, excrement and other metabolic wastes are favorably collected and removed at the bottom of the pond, the substrate environment can be effectively improved, and the situations of rotten pond and water quality deterioration are prevented.
4. According to the invention, the internal circulation oxygenation devices are scientifically distributed at four corners of the bottom of the fish culture pond, so that multiple functions of exchange of upper and lower water layers, efficient oxygenation, internal circulation flow and the like in the culture pond can be realized simultaneously, the concentration and the cleaning of culture wastes such as residual baits, excrement and the like in the pond are facilitated, good water environment and substrate conditions are provided for the growth of pond culture fishes, and the fish culture pond has the characteristics of ecology, environmental protection and high efficiency, and can be widely applied to pond culture of various fishes.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an internal circulation oxygenation device for pond culture: 1. a base; 2. a submersible pump; 3. a support; 4. a jet pipe; 5. a water outlet pipe; 6. a remote control switch; 7. an air inlet pipe; 8. a three-way pipe; 9. a cable; 10. and (6) taking a water pipe.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the water circulation in the fish-farming pond according to the present invention: 11. a culture pond; 12. an internal circulation oxygenation device; 13. a water inlet gate; 14. a drainage gate (the direction of the dotted arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the flow of culture water in the pond).
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the embodiments.
Example (b): an internal circulation oxygen increasing device for a fish culture pond and a using method thereof.
In 2015, a pond culture engineering post team of a national flounder industry and technology system develops 1 internal circulation oxygenation device for fish pond culture, as shown in fig. 1, and the device comprises a base 1, a submersible pump 2, a support 3, a jet pipe 4, a water outlet pipe 5, a remote control switch 6, an air inlet pipe 7, a three-way pipe 8, a cable 9 and a water intake pipe 10. In a certain aquaculture company of Langya of Qingdao, an approximately square fish aquaculture pond with an area of 6 mu is used for internal circulation flow arrangement, and as shown in figure 2, the system comprises an aquaculture pond 11, an internal circulation oxygenation device 12, a water inlet gate 13 and a water discharge gate 14.
The structure of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device and the method for setting the internal circulation flow of the water body of the fish culture pond are explained in detail as follows:
1. internal circulation oxygenation device structure
(1) Base seat
The base is trapezoidal and is formed by pouring concrete, the height of the base is 30cm, the base is located at four corners of a diagonal line at the bottom of the pond, and the distance from the base to a pond ridge is 1.5 m.
(2) Submersible pump
The power of the submersible pump is 1kw, the three-phase motor has a lift of 8 meters and is fixedly arranged on the concrete base.
(3) Water intake pipe
The intake pipe is the PPR material, and the diameter is 32mm, and one end is connected with the immersible pump, and the other end is connected with the three-way pipe.
(4) Three-way pipe
The three-way pipe is made of PPR material, the inner diameter is 32mm, one horizontal port is connected with the water intake pipe, the other horizontal port is connected with the water outlet pipe, the diameter of the port vertical to the water surface is reduced to 25mm, and the three-way pipe is connected with the air intake pipe.
(5) Air inlet pipe
The air inlet pipe is made of PPR materials, has the diameter of 25mm and is an air inlet channel, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the three-way pipe in a reducing way, and the other end of the air inlet pipe is exposed out of the water surface by 50cm and is fixedly kept to be vertical through the water surface floater; when the water body flows through the three-way pipe from the water taking pipe and enters the water outlet pipe under the action of the submersible pump, negative pressure formed in the pipeline brings air into the water body through the air inlet pipe, the air is dispersed into micro bubbles under the high-speed flow of water flow, and the micro bubbles are dissolved and uniformly dispersed through the jet pipe and enter the water body of the pond, so that high-efficiency oxygenation can be realized.
(6) Water outlet pipe
The water outlet pipe is made of PPR material and has the diameter of 32mm, one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the three-way pipe, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the jet pipe;
(7) jet pipe
The jet pipe is made of PPR material, one end of the jet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe, the diameter of the jet pipe is 25mm, and the other end of the jet pipe is provided with a flat water outlet with a diameter varying. When the submersible pump is operated, oxygen and water flow which enter the water through the air inlet pipe and are dissolved in the water are jointly ejected out through the flat water outlet of the jet pipe at a high speed, so that a strong driving force for a water body is formed, and the synchronous oxygenation for the aquaculture water body can be realized.
(8) Support frame
The support is made of PPR materials and is provided with three branches, one branch is fixed on the base, and the other two branches are respectively fixed and supported at the connecting part of the three-way pipe, the water outlet pipe and the jet pipe to keep the water outlet pipe and the jet pipe of the internal circulation oxygenation device stable.
(9) Remote control switch
The remote control switch is arranged in the shore control room and is connected with the submersible pump in the pond through a cable, so that the submersible pump can be controlled to be turned on and off at regular time every day.
2. Method for setting water body internal circulation flow in aquaculture pond
(1) Installation method of internal circulation oxygenation device
The bottom of four corners of two diagonal lines of the fish culture pond is respectively built with a base, the position of the base is 1.5 meters away from the ridge of the culture pond, and 1 internal circulation oxygen increasing device is respectively arranged on the base.
(2) Internal circulation arrangement of aquaculture water body
The water body jet direction of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is consistent with the water inlet direction of the water inlet gate. When 4 internal circulation oxygenation devices are opened simultaneously, the rivers that jet-propelled in the efflux pipe can effectively promote the flow of aquaculture water body, forms the interior circulation flow that the water body lasts in the aquaculture pond. The aquaculture practitioner controls the internal circulation oxygenation device through the remote control switch, and opens 2-3 hours in the morning and in the evening at low oxygen every day, forms internal circulation water flow in the aquaculture pond, and is favorable for large-particle wastes such as excrement and residual bait to be concentrated at the bottom of the pond.
3. Internal circulation oxygenation setting example for paralichthys olivaceus aquaculture pond
In 2015, in 5 months, a fish culture pond (6 mu) is modified by using the internal circulation oxygenation device disclosed by the invention (shown in the attached figure 2). The bottom of four corners of two diagonal lines of the aquaculture pond 11 is respectively built with a base, the position of the base is 1.5 meters away from the ridge of the aquaculture pond, and 1 internal circulation oxygen increasing device with the power of 1KW is respectively arranged on the base. The water body jet direction of the internal circulation oxygenation device 12 is consistent with the water inlet direction of the water inlet gate 13.
And 5 months in 2015, after the installation and the test of the internal circulation oxygenation device are finished, stocking a flounder fry 20000 tails with the total length of 12-14cm in the aquaculture pond. Water quality index during cultivation: the water temperature is 3-28 ℃, the salinity is 28-32, and the daily water change rate is 50%. Feeding the fresh trash fish as the bait for culturing the paralichthys olivaceus for 2 times every day according to the weight of 2-3 percent, and reducing or stopping feeding at high temperature. In the culture process, the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is controlled by a remote control switch, and is started for 2-3 hours in the morning and in the evening at night and in the low oxygen state. When the internal circulation oxygenation device is started, the water flow speed is measured by the profile flow velocity meter, the flow velocity of the jet flow outlet end of the near internal circulation oxygenation device can reach 0.35m/S, the water flow speed of the middle section of the two internal circulation oxygenation devices can reach 0.22m/S, the average water flow speed in the pond can reach more than 0.1m/S, and the water body in the aquaculture pond can form high-efficiency internal circulation flow. When the culture water is discharged, large-particle wastes such as excrement and residual bait which are accumulated and piled are formed at the bottom of the pond, and the large-particle wastes can be conveniently cleaned up through the sewage suction pump, so that the direct discharge of the culture wastes is greatly reduced. In addition, after the internal circulation oxygenation device is started, the dissolved oxygen level is measured by using a YSI dissolved oxygen meter, the dissolved oxygen level of the pond culture water body can be increased by 25.9% after the internal circulation oxygenation device is started for 2 hours, and the dissolved oxygen level of the pond culture water body can be increased by 37.3% after the internal circulation oxygenation device is started for 4 hours. Meanwhile, the detection finds that the dissolved oxygen level of the water body at the bottom of the pond and the dissolved oxygen level of the water body on the surface layer of the pond are not different greatly, and the internal circulation oxygenation device shows that the oxygenation effect on the aquaculture water body is obvious. During the pond culture period of paralichthys olivaceus in 2015, the hypoxia and diseases of cultured fishes do not occur until 11 months, the average weight of the cultured paralichthys olivaceus reaches the marketing specification (more than 500 g), the survival rate in the culture period is 86%, the culture yield per unit area is 2150 kg/mu, the culture yield is more than 9 times of that of the traditional pond culture, and the culture effect is good.
Claims (3)
1. An internal circulation oxygenation device for a fish culture pond is characterized by comprising a base, a submersible pump, a support, a water intake pipe, a three-way pipe, an air intake pipe, a water outlet pipe, a jet pipe, a remote control switch and a cable, wherein the submersible pump is arranged on the base, the power of the submersible pump is 1-3kw, the submersible pump is fixedly arranged on the base, the submersible pump is connected with the water intake pipe, the water intake pipe is connected with the air intake pipe and the water outlet pipe through the three-way pipe, the diameter of the water intake pipe is 32mm, one horizontal port of the three-way pipe is connected with the water intake pipe, the other horizontal port of the three-way pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe, the port vertical to the water surface is connected with the air intake;
the jet pipe is positioned above the submersible pump, and one end of the air inlet pipe, which is far away from the three-way pipe, is in a T shape;
the air inlet pipe is an air inlet channel, the diameter of the air inlet pipe is 25mm, the water taking pipe is an inverted L-shaped straight pipe, one end of the water taking pipe is connected with a vertical port of the three-way pipe, and the other end of the water taking pipe is exposed out of the water surface by 45-55cm and is fixedly kept to be vertical through a floater on the water surface;
one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with a horizontal port of the three-way pipe, the other end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the jet pipe, and the diameter of the water outlet pipe is 32 mm;
one end of the jet pipe is connected with the water outlet pipe, the other end of the jet pipe is a jet water outlet, the diameter of the jet pipe connected with the water outlet pipe is 25mm, the diameter of the jet water outlet is reduced to be flat, and when the submersible pump operates, oxygen and water flow sucked by the air inlet pipe and dissolved jointly pass through the flat water outlet of the jet pipe to be ejected at high speed, so that the water body is pushed to rotate, and meanwhile, the aeration of the aquaculture water body is realized;
the support is provided with 3 branches, one branch of the support is fixed on the base, and the other two branches are respectively and fixedly used for supporting the three-way pipe and the joint of the water outlet pipe and the jet pipe;
the remote control switch is arranged in the onshore control room and is connected with a submersible pump in the pond through a cable to remotely control the opening and closing of the submersible pump, and the water intake pipe, the three-way pipe, the air intake pipe, the water outlet pipe and the jet pipe are all made of PPR materials;
the use method of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device for the fish culture pond comprises the setting of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device and the setting mode of the internal circulation;
the arrangement of the internal circulation oxygen increasing device is that a base is respectively built at the bottoms of four corners of two diagonal lines of a fish culture pond, the position of the base is 1.5-2 meters away from a ridge of the culture pond, 1 internal circulation oxygen increasing device is respectively arranged on the base, and the area of the pond is 6 mu;
the internal circulation setting mode means that when 4 internal circulation oxygen increasing devices are simultaneously started, the water flow ejected from the jet flow pipe pushes the aquaculture water to flow, and the continuous internal circulation flow of the water in the aquaculture pond is formed;
the internal circulation oxygenation device is started for 2-3 hours in the morning and at the evening and in the low oxygen state through the remote control switch, under the promotion of the internal circulation water flow of the aquaculture pond, large-particle wastes including excrement and residual baits are favorably concentrated at the bottom of the pond, and the pond is convenient to clean.
2. The internal circulation oxygen increasing device for the fish culture pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base is trapezoidal and is constructed by concrete and is located at the bottom of the pond.
3. The internal circulation oxygen increasing device for the fish culture pond as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water intake pipe, the three-way pipe, the air intake pipe, the water outlet pipe, the jet pipe and the support are all made of PPR material.
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| CN108496877B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-09-04 | 徐州嘉农农业发展有限公司 | Culture pond cleaning and oxygenation all-in-one machine and use method thereof |
| CN108308089A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-24 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of closed flowing water fish culture apparatus |
| CN110800683A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-18 | 梁通粦 | Bionic fishy-free fish culture system and fish culture equipment applying same |
| CN112106718A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-22 | 宁波大学 | Ecological experimental pond of breeding |
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| CN203313905U (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-12-04 | 鹤山市鸿堡机械设备有限公司 | Fishpond aerating device |
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| CN102010079A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-04-13 | 宁波大学 | Underwater swimming type jet oxygen-increasing machine |
| CN203313905U (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-12-04 | 鹤山市鸿堡机械设备有限公司 | Fishpond aerating device |
| CN103583428A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-19 | 华中农业大学 | Method for cultivating loach larvae by arranging net cages in pond |
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