CN103548722A - Hippocampus kelloggi ecological breeding method - Google Patents
Hippocampus kelloggi ecological breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 241001559433 Hippocampus kelloggi Species 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000001320 hippocampus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 101000831205 Danio rerio Dynein axonemal assembly factor 11 Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 102100024282 Dynein axonemal assembly factor 11 Human genes 0.000 claims description 16
- 241001559542 Hippocampus hippocampus Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 101000831210 Homo sapiens Dynein axonemal assembly factor 11 Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000595940 Notostraca Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238426 Anostraca Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000238582 Artemia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241001559417 Hippocampus trimaculatus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000985707 Hippocampus ramulosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001247203 Syngnathidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000496 cardiotonic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023597 hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Hippocampus kelloggi ecological breeding method. The Hippocampus kelloggi ecological breeding method comprises the steps of previous preparation, ecological breeding model establishment, newborn Hippocampus kelloggi breeding, Hippocampus kelloggi juvenile fish breeding and Hippocampus kelloggi adult fish breeding. The previous preparation includes reconstructing a shrimp seed breeding pond into a Hippocampus kelloggi breeding pond, and filling the pond with water after the pond is completely cleaned; ecological breeding model establishment includes in a microalgae cultivation stage, cultivating microalgae in water 3-5 days before Hippocampus kelloggi breeding, utilizing the microalgae as feedstuff of rotifers, artemia and fairy shrimps and improving water quality through photosynthetic bacteria; the newborn Hippocampus kelloggi breeding includes firstly measuring and controlling water quality, namely, detecting various indicators before stocking, then dividing the breeding stages into a breeding stage less than 15 days and a breeding stage between 15-30 days according to the duration of breeding days, and properly controlling the stocking density and feedstuff components of every breeding stage. The Hippocampus kelloggi ecological breeding method and artificial breeding method provide technical support and theoretical foundations for large-scale commercialized Hippocampus kelloggi breeding. By means of the Hippocampus kelloggi ecological breeding method, the breeding cost is reduced by 50%-60%, the quality of the breeding quality can be easily controlled by detecting various indicators before stocking, and high survival rate and growth rate of Hippocampus kelloggi can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hippocampus cultivation field, relate in particular to a kind of strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse.
Background technology
Hippocampus net-rope, Syngnathidae, Hippocampus.Mainly move in front sea region.China has 8 clock hippocampus, common are 6 kinds, wherein large hippocampus (Hippocampus ramulosus), hippocampus trimaculatus Leacs (Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach) and strain line hippocampus (Hippocampus kelloggi Jordan etSnyder) are main cultivation kind.Strain line hippocampus is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and coastal area, Hainan.Hippocampus is listed in rare traditional Chinese medicine, enjoys domestic and international market favor.There is strong body kidney tonifying, the effect that cardiac stimulant expedites the emergence of, hemostasis is brought down a fever, unsting to method phlegm dissipating bind, anti-inflammatory.Its purposes is wide, has a large circulation, and on market, supply falls short of demand.At present, the market price of hippocampus dry product 4200～18000 yuan/kilogram not etc., and do not live hippocampus price also at 70～300 yuan/tail not etc., if sell hippocampus parent, price at least also will 500 yuan/to more than.
According to current research in 2010, show, whole world hippocampus has 46 kinds at least, is all put into international ocean protection fish, and therefore, the trade of wild hippocampus is prohibited.Because hippocampus has high economic worth, the International Transaction amount of hippocampus is also at increasing year by year, and 2009 are only China's import Hippocampus dry product has reached 2/3 of the international hippocampus of 4000 Wan Zhi，Zhan market, more than 500,000,000 dollar of hand over foreign exchange.Due to hippocampus resource exhaustion, big bulge in price, supply falls short of demand, so industrial aquaculture is the important channel that solves hippocampus resource shortage.At home, existing more than 50 years of the history of hippocampus cultivation, but because fertility is low, disease prevents that the reason such as ineffective from causing lethality in breeding process to remain high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse, be intended to solve because hippocampus fertility is low, disease prevents that the reason such as ineffective from causing the high problem of lethality in breeding process.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse, and the step of the method comprises:
Step 1, early-stage preparations: hippocampus culturing pool is reconstructed by shrimp seedling pond, then water filling behind fully clear pond.
Step 2, ecologic breeding mode construction: at micro-algae cultivation stage, cultivate first 3～5 days and carry out micro algae cultivation, using micro-algae as wheel animalcule, halogen worm, fairy shrimp bait, and carry out photosynthetic bacteria modify-water.
Step 3, nascent hippocampus cultivation: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed.Then according to the length of cultivation number of days, the cultivation stage is divided into cultivation <15 days, cultivates 15 days～30 days, then the breeding density of each stage breeding, bait composition are suitably controlled.
Step 4, the cultivation of hippocampus juvenile fish: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed.Then according to the length of cultivation number of days, the cultivation stage is divided into cultivation 30 days～55 days, 55 days～70 days, then the breeding density of each stage breeding, bait composition are suitably controlled.
Step 5, hippocampus adult fish culture: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed.Then the cultivation hippocampus of >70 days is carried out to the control of breeding density and bait, wherein breeding density is thought 80～200 tails/m
3the most suitable, bait with fresh and alive small shrimps for the most suitable.
Further, hippocampus culturing pool is reconstructed by shrimp seedling pond, and its specification is: 3m * 4m * 1.8m, water filling behind fully clear pond, depth of water 1m.
Further, micro-algae gross density is: 6 * 10
6～7.5 * 10
6/ ml.Micro-algae is mainly chlorella.
Further, hippocampus cultivates the front detection indices of putting in a suitable place to breed of any stage and all comprises: water temperature, salinity, PH, COD, illumination, transparency, NH
4 +～N, NH
3～N, NO
2 -～N, H
2s.
Further, nascent hippocampus cultivation is controlled each stage breeding method, and, when cultivating <15 days, breeding density can be suitably large, is generally 800～1000 tails/m
3, bait can be comprised of the fairy shrimp young, the wheel animalcule young (ratio 1:1); In cultivation, in the time of 15 days～30 days, breeding density can suitably reduce, and is generally 400～600 tails/m
3, bait can be comprised of fairy shrimp, copepod larva (ratio 1:1).
Further, the cultivation of hippocampus juvenile fish is controlled each stage breeding method, and, when cultivating 30 days～55 days, breeding density can be suitably large, is generally 300～400 tails/m
3, bait can copepod larva, artemia larvae, shrimp seedling (ratio 1:1:1) form; In cultivation, in the time of 55 days～70 days, breeding density can suitably reduce, and is generally 200～300 tails/m
3, bait can be by artemia nauplii, cladocera, small shrimps (ratio 1:1: 1) form.
Further, during cultivation, adopt and continue inflation and flowing water, water exchange capacity is 1/3; Throw something and feed bait 2～3 times of set time every day.
Strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse provided by the invention and artificial breeding method, for the cultivation of large-scale commercial strain line hippocampus provides technical support and theoretical foundation, pass through the inventive method, aquaculture cost has reduced by 50～60%, be easy to by putting front detection water quality indices in a suitable place to breed, control breeding water body quality, can also guarantee high-servival rate and the growth rate of hippocampus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse schematic flow sheet that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In conjunction with invention accompanying drawing 1, describe, the present invention is achieved in that a kind of strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse, and the step of the method comprises:
In step S101: early-stage preparations: hippocampus culturing pool is reconstructed by shrimp seedling pond, then water filling behind fully clear pond.
In step S102: ecologic breeding mode construction: at micro-algae cultivation stage, cultivate first 3～5 days and carry out micro algae cultivation, using micro-algae as wheel animalcule, halogen worm, fairy shrimp bait, and carry out photosynthetic bacteria modify-water.
In step S103: nascent hippocampus cultivation: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed.Then according to the length of cultivation number of days, the cultivation stage is divided into cultivation <15 days, cultivates 15 days～30 days, then the breeding density of each stage breeding, bait composition are suitably controlled.
In step S104: hippocampus juvenile fish cultivation: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed.Then according to the length of cultivation number of days, the cultivation stage is divided into cultivation 30 days～55 days, 55 days～70 days, then the breeding density of each stage breeding, bait composition are suitably controlled.
In step S105: hippocampus adult fish culture: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed.Then the cultivation hippocampus of >70 days is carried out to the control of breeding density and bait, wherein breeding density is thought 80～200 tails/m
3the most suitable, bait with fresh and alive small shrimps for the most suitable.
During cultivation, adopt and continue inflation and flowing water, water exchange capacity is 1/3; Throw something and feed bait 2～3 times of set time every day during cultivation.
Hippocampus culturing pool is reconstructed by shrimp seedling pond, and its specification is: 3m * 4m * 1.8m, water filling behind fully clear pond, depth of water 1m.Micro-algae gross density is: 6 * 10
6～7.5 * 10
6/ ml.Micro-algae is mainly chlorella.
Hippocampus cultivates the front detection indices of putting in a suitable place to breed of any stage and all comprises: water temperature, salinity, PH, COD, illumination, transparency, NH
4 +～N, NH
3～N, NO
2 -～N, H
2s.Nascent hippocampus cultivation is controlled each stage breeding method, and, when cultivating <15 days, breeding density can be suitably large, is generally 800～1000 tails/m
3, bait can be comprised of the fairy shrimp young, the wheel animalcule young (ratio 1:1); In cultivation, in the time of 15 days～30 days, breeding density can suitably reduce, and is generally 400～600 tails/m
3, bait can be comprised of fairy shrimp, copepod larva (ratio 1: 1).Specifically as shown in table 1, table 2:
Table 1 water quality observing and controlling: put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed
Each stage breeding method of table 2
The cultivation of hippocampus juvenile fish is controlled each stage breeding method, and, when cultivating 30 days～55 days, breeding density can be suitably large, is generally 300～400 tails/m
3, bait can copepod larva, artemia larvae, shrimp seedling (ratio 1:1:1) form; In cultivation, in the time of 55 days～70 days, breeding density can suitably reduce, and is generally 200～300 tails/m
3, bait can be by artemia nauplii, cladocera, small shrimps (ratio 1:1: 1) form.Specifically as shown in table 3, table 4:
Table 3 water quality observing and controlling: put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed
Each stage breeding method of table 4
| The cultivation stage | Breeding density | Bait forms |
| 30 days～55 days | 300～400 tails/m 3 | Copepod larva, artemia larvae, shrimp seedling (ratio 1:1:1) |
| 55 days～70 days | 200～300 tails/m 3 | Artemia nauplii, cladocera, small shrimps (ratio 1:1: 1) |
The water quality observing and controlling of hippocampus adult fish culture, as shown in table 5:
Table 5 water quality observing and controlling: put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed
Strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse provided by the invention and artificial breeding method, for the cultivation of large-scale commercial strain line hippocampus provides technical support and theoretical foundation, pass through the inventive method, aquaculture cost has reduced by 50～60%, be easy to by putting front detection water quality indices in a suitable place to breed, control breeding water body quality, can also guarantee high-servival rate and the growth rate of hippocampus.How in the morning or mating at dusk hippocampus.Between mating season, appetite slightly subtracts, and body colour subtracts and takes off, and male and female are chased mutually, flows side by side.When excitement reaches a climax, the postanal brood pouch of milter expands, and is transparence, and sack opens; Raun sexual organ are outstanding.Male and female afterbody is ganged up with mutually, and raun produces ovum in the brood pouch of milter, the ovum growth of being fertilized therein.Brood pouch during just mating is less, transparent, soft, along with the growth of part in bag, and large, look intensification that bag becomes.The milter of child-bearing phase is not liked and moves about, the pond bottom of often dwelling, and appetite falls sharply.The many seedlings that produce before dawn of male hippocampus, general a few minutes to tens minute complete.As affected by low temperature or other factors, also can postpone 1 day～3 days.The seedling quality of having produced is at short notice better, and the duration is long second-rate.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to and replace and improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse, is characterized in that, the step of this strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse comprises:
Step 1, early-stage preparations: hippocampus culturing pool is reconstructed by shrimp seedling pond, then water filling behind fully clear pond;
Step 2, ecologic breeding mode construction: at micro-algae cultivation stage, cultivate first 3～5 days and carry out micro algae cultivation, add photosynthetic bacteria simultaneously, using micro-algae as wheel animalcule, halogen worm, fairy shrimp bait, and carry out photosynthetic bacteria modify-water;
Step 3, nascent hippocampus cultivation: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed; Then according to the length of cultivation number of days, the cultivation stage is divided into cultivation and is less than 15 days, cultivates 15 days～30 days, then the breeding density of each stage breeding, bait composition are controlled;
Step 4, the cultivation of hippocampus juvenile fish: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed; Then according to the length of cultivation number of days, the cultivation stage is divided into cultivation 30 days～55 days, 55 days～70 days, then the breeding density of each stage breeding, bait composition are controlled;
Step 5, hippocampus adult fish culture: first carry out water quality observing and controlling, put front detection indices in a suitable place to breed; Then the hippocampus that is greater than 70 days to cultivating carries out the control of breeding density and bait, and breeding density is 80～200 tails/m
3, bait is fresh and alive small shrimps.
2. strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, hippocampus culturing pool is reconstructed by shrimp seedling pond, and specification is: 3m * 4m * 1.8m, water filling behind clear pond, depth of water 1m.
3. strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, micro-algae gross density is: 6 * 10
6～7.5 * 10
6/ ml; Micro-algae is mainly chlorella.
4. strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, hippocampus cultivates the front detection indices of putting in a suitable place to breed of any stage and comprises: water temperature, salinity, PH, COD, illumination, transparency, NH
4 +～N, NH
3～N, N0
2 -～N, H
2s.
5. strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, nascent hippocampus cultivation is controlled each stage breeding method, and, when cultivation is less than 15 days, breeding density is increased to 800～1000 tails/m
3, bait by the fairy shrimp young, the wheel animalcule young in proportion 1:1 form; In cultivation, in the time of 15 days～30 days, breeding density is reduced to 400～600 tails/m
3, bait by fairy shrimp, copepod larva in proportion 1:1 form.
6. strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the cultivation of hippocampus juvenile fish is controlled each stage breeding method, and, when cultivating 30 days～55 days, breeding density is increased to 300～400 tails/m
3, bait by copepod larva, artemia larvae, shrimp seedling in proportion 1:1:1 form; In cultivation, in the time of 55 days～70 days, breeding density is reduced to 200～300 tails/m
3, bait by artemia nauplii, cladocera, small shrimps in proportion 1:1:1 form.
7. strain line biological cultivation method of sea horse as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, during cultivation, adopts and continues inflation and flowing water, and water exchange capacity is 1/3; Throw something and feed bait 2～3 times of set time every day.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960185A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Ecological Japanese sea horse breeding method |
| CN103975880A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-13 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for mixed culture of hippocampus, abalone and gracilaria |
| CN104381172A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Ecological aquaculture method for sea horses |
| CN105145419A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-12-16 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Breeding method for obtaining hybrid advantages of hippocampus kelloggi |
| CN105475198A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 青岛浩然生态海洋水产科技有限公司 | Net cage culture method of young sea horses |
| CN105519471A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-04-27 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for mixed culture of hippocampi and Asterinidae |
| CN105724283A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-07-06 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for breeding seahorses through circulating water |
| WO2016141640A1 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-15 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Breeding method for rapid growth strain of hippocampus kelloggi |
| CN107484683A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-19 | 天津农学院 | The method of northern area kind hippocampus overwintering culture a kind of and kind hippocampus survive the winter RAS systems |
| CN110226534A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-13 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of extensive grey hippocampus low-quality seedling cultural method |
| CN110226542A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-13 | 莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司 | One kind is hung razor clam anti-season pond breeding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103975880A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-13 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for mixed culture of hippocampus, abalone and gracilaria |
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| CN105475198B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-07-06 | 青岛浩然生态海洋水产科技有限公司 | A kind of hippocampus seedling raising in cage method |
| CN105475198A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-13 | 青岛浩然生态海洋水产科技有限公司 | Net cage culture method of young sea horses |
| CN105724283A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-07-06 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for breeding seahorses through circulating water |
| CN105519471A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-04-27 | 福建港德水产有限公司 | Method for mixed culture of hippocampi and Asterinidae |
| CN107484683A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-19 | 天津农学院 | The method of northern area kind hippocampus overwintering culture a kind of and kind hippocampus survive the winter RAS systems |
| CN110226542A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-13 | 莆田市天然星农业开发有限公司 | One kind is hung razor clam anti-season pond breeding method |
| CN110226534A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-13 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of extensive grey hippocampus low-quality seedling cultural method |
| CN110226534B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2021-05-25 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Large-scale low-quality hippocampus japonicus fry breeding method |
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