CN103141426B - Method for efficiently breeding blue crabs - Google Patents
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- CN103141426B CN103141426B CN201310105409.5A CN201310105409A CN103141426B CN 103141426 B CN103141426 B CN 103141426B CN 201310105409 A CN201310105409 A CN 201310105409A CN 103141426 B CN103141426 B CN 103141426B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for efficiently breeding blue crabs. The method comprises the following steps: performing intermediate breeding on II-stage baby blue crabs in an outdoor cement pit greenhouse; disinfecting the water for breeding through an ultraviolet lamp and mounting an oxygenating device in a breeding pond; feeding big disinfected brine shrimps at regular time; exchanging 15% water per day; after the II-stage baby blue crabs grow and become V-stage baby blue crabs, putting juvenile crabs into the breeding pond at a sex ratio of female to male being 3:1; after ending mating, fishing out the male crabs; continuously breeding the female crabs; and when the water temperature is lower than 10 DEG C, putting the female crabs into the outdoor cement pit greenhouse for temporarily breeding and putting into the market before and after the Spring Festival, thereby greatly increasing the breeding yield and economic benefit. According to the method provided by the invention, the juvenile crabs are prevented from being killed by enemies and severe environment; the use ratio of baits is increased and the happening of diseases is reduced; the breeding yield of the blue crabs is increased by 26.99% and the breeding benefit is increased by 2.39 times, by adopting the method provided by the invention; the method can be widely applied to the breeding for the blue crabs; the energy conservation and the environment protection are realized; and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to swimming crab cultural technique field, relate to particularly the method for the efficient cultivation of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers.
Background technology
Portunus trituberculatus Miers (Portunus trituberculatus) is a kind of important marine economic animal, because its growth is fast, individual greatly, meat flavour is delicious, liked by the masses, has very high economic worth.Therefore it launches gradually as cultivation object, and cultured area is 500,000 mu at present, and output reaches 100,000 tons, has become one of leading kind of China's sea farming.In existing Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultural technique, at the beginning of general 5 months, put seedling, about October, go on the market, while throwing in seed, the sex ratio of swimming crab is not allocated, therefore have following problem: at the beginning of (1) 5 month, water temperature is unstable, harmful animal is more, and young crab phase lethality is higher; (2) in breeding process, (II to V phase children crab) large water surface fresh fairy shrimp adult of throwing something and feeding in earlier stage, bait utilization is low; (3) compare female crab, male crab disposition is violent, for grabbing bait, spouse etc., fights, and causes a large amount of swimming crabs dead; And while reaching commercial specification, 20 yuan of male crab price less thaies, and female crab is up to more than 50 yuan; (4) time of the year when autumn changes into winter, water temperature is lower, and swimming crab must be pulled out, 50 yuan of left and right of female crab price now, and swimming crab price is more than 100 yuan around the Spring Festival, price differs greatly.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that in prior art, Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultivation survival rate is low, male and female price variance is larger, the technical problem that will solve of the present invention is to provide the method for the efficient cultivation of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, use the method for the invention, II phase children crab carries out intermediate rearing in outdoor tank-culture booth, the death that can avoid young crab to be caused by harmful animal cannibalisation and adverse circumstances, increase fairy shrimp adult bait utilization, reduce the generation of disease; By improving female crab ratio in culturing pool, both reduced autotomy rate, ensure again the upper yellow rate (after female crab mating, sexual gland starts to breed, and forms crab oil) of female crab, improve cultured output, increase economic benefit; Utilize outdoor tank-culture booth to support temporarily, postpone female crab Time To Market, improve fanning economics.Adopt the inventive method can make Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultured output improve 26.99%, culture benefit improves 2.39 times, can be widely used in, in swimming crab cultivation, realizing energy-saving and environmental protecting, has significant economic benefit and social benefit.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals to be achieved.
A method for the efficient cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, it comprises the following steps:
(1) seed is selected: select the Portunus trituberculatus Miers II phase children crab that appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, health is energetic;
(2) outdoor tank-culture is built: in outdoor breeding pond, near discharge outlet place, build cement pit, the area ratio of cultivating pool area and cement pit is (50-60): 1, and cement pit bottom is husky earth matter, the high 1.5-1.8m of cement pit; Cement pit is divided into 2, and one of them cement pit is installed ultraviolet lamp, and as cistern, another cement pit is as young crab intermediate rearing pond; Top covers with film, and every square metre arranges 1-2 gas charging stone;
(3) juvenile horse crab is cultivated: fresh seawater is added in cistern, carry out ultraviolet radiation for sterilizing and disinfecting, in intermediate rearing pond, add the seawater through disinfection by ultraviolet light; According to cultivating pool area, according to the density of 2000 tail/mus, II phase juvenile horse crab is put into intermediate rearing pond, throw something and feed through the large halogen worm of sterilization; Change water 15% every day.
(4) regulate cultivation female-male proportion: when the Portunus trituberculatus Miers in intermediate rearing pond is developed to VI phase children crab, juvenile horse crab is pulled out, according to the ratio of male and female 3:1, in cultivating pool, thrown in juvenile horse crab, 800 every mu;
(5) later stage supports temporarily: the Portunus trituberculatus Miers in cultivating pool cultivated to late September, after mating finishes, by male crab listing; When water temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in late October cultivating pool, female crab is pulled out, then put back to intermediate rearing pond, the upper plastic film of cover, supports temporarily to the Spring Festival and goes on the market simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art:
(1) the present invention selects the new varieties seed of not carrying any disease, and during intermediate rearing, seawater used, for through disinfection by ultraviolet light seawater, is thrown something and fed through the bait of sterilization, can cut off the route of transmission of disease like this, kill young crab natural enemy, improve survival rate, realize energy-saving and emission-reduction;
(2) the fairy shrimp adult of throwing something and feeding in the little water body in intermediate rearing pond, young crab predation is easier, guarantees that bait makes full use of; In centre, pay for to educate on pond simultaneously and add a cover plastic film, promote water temperature, the young crab that can avoid extreme weather to cause is dead, improves survival rate;
(3) when putting seedling in cultivating pool, the female-male proportion of Portunus trituberculatus Miers is put in adjusting in a suitable place to breed, female-male proportion is set to 3:1, both reduced the male death of fighting and causing, guarantee again the upper yellow rate of female crab, improve female crab Yield and quality, female crab economic worth, far away higher than male crab, has improved the return rate of bait simultaneously.
(4) by the later stage, support temporarily, female crab went on the market about the Spring Festival, now the price of female crab be late October price more than one times, greatly improve female crab culture benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Cultural method cultivates routinely
(1) seed is selected:
The present embodiment is selected Portunus trituberculatus Miers " Huang selects No. 1 " the new varieties II phase children crab that appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, health is energetic; Vibrios, mold fungi are tested, white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is detected, guarantee that young crab do not carry above-mentioned specific pathogen; And appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, energetic, the complete wide 7 ± 0.5mm. of first
(2) become crab cultivation: at the beginning of 5 months, according to cultivating pool area, according to every mu of 2000 tail density, throw in seed; Early stage the fairy shrimp adult of throwing something and feeding, after VI phase children crab, the blue clam of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is body weight 8-15%; Manage same conventional method.
(3) male crab listing: after mating finishes, male crab listing, female crab continues to feed, and bait be take fresh and alive trash fish as main.
(4) female crab listing: when 10 ℃ of left and right of water temperature, female crab is caught out to listing.
Embodiment 2
Use technical solution of the present invention, but male and female are not set, do not form ratio.
(1) seed is selected: with embodiment 1.
(2) outdoor tank-culture is built: in outdoor breeding pond, near discharge outlet place, build cement pit, the area ratio of cultivating pool area and cement pit is 60:1, also can be in 50-60:1, to select a ratio, cement pit bottom is husky earth matter, the high 1.5m of cement pit can be also a numerical value in 1.5-1.8m; Staying 1 gate, is that 3:1 is divided into 2 by cement pit according to floor space ratio, and wherein Small cement pond is installed ultraviolet lamp, and as cistern, flood mud sump is as young crab intermediate rearing pond; Top covers with film, and every square metre arranges 1 gas charging stone;
(3) juvenile horse crab is cultivated: at the beginning of 5 months, will in cistern, fill with fresh seawater, open ultraviolet lamp disinfection 10 minutes, seawater after sterilization is added in intermediate rearing pond, be added into 1.2m; In intermediate rearing pond, inoculate chlorella, density reaches 2 * 10
6/ ml; According to culturing pool area, according to the density of 2000/mu, in cultivation pond, throw in II phase children crab; Regularly, quantitatively throw something and feed through the fairy shrimp adult of potassium permanganate sterilization, with bait, show a small surplus and be advisable; Top covers with film, and every square metre arranges 1 gas charging stone, changes water 15% every day.
(4) South China: when the Portunus trituberculatus Miers in intermediate rearing pond is developed to VI phase children crab, throw in juvenile horse crab in cultivating pool, 800 every mu; The blue clam that starts to throw something and feed, feeding volume is 8-15%, to remain and to be advisable on a small quantity; Manage same conventional method.
(5) later stage supports temporarily: the Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultivation in cultivating pool is at the beginning of 9 months, after mating finishes, by male crab listing; When in cultivating pool, water temperature is lower than 10 ℃, by female crab listing.
Embodiment 3
Utilize technical solution of the present invention to cultivate
A method for the efficient cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus Miers, it comprises the following steps:
(1) seed is selected: with embodiment 1;
(2) outdoor tank-culture is built: with embodiment 2;
(3) juvenile horse crab is cultivated: with embodiment 2;
(4) regulate cultivation female-male proportion: when the Portunus trituberculatus Miers in intermediate rearing pond is developed to VI phase children crab, adopt the mode of " photo-induction net is caught ", juvenile horse crab is pulled out, according to the ratio of male and female 3:1, in cultivating pool, throw in juvenile horse crab, 800 every mu; The blue clam that starts to throw something and feed, feeding volume is 8-15%, to remain and to be advisable on a small quantity; Manage same conventional method.
(5) later stage supports temporarily: the Portunus trituberculatus Miers cultivation in cultivating pool is at the beginning of 9 months, after mating finishes, by male crab listing; When water temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in cultivating pool, female crab is pulled out, then put back to intermediate rearing pond, cover upper plastic film simultaneously, bait be take fresh and alive trash fish as main, supports temporarily to the Spring Festival and goes on the market.
The culture efficiency of above 3 embodiment is in Table 1.
The culture efficiency of table 13 embodiment
Take Haifeng county, Changyi City aquaculture Co., Ltd is example: annual cultivation adopts high-efficiency breeding method, and " Huang selects No. 1, and " 100 mu, output reaches 9400 kilograms, more than 100 ten thousand yuan of net profits in cultivation.
Above embodiment is only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, but not is limited; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, the technical scheme that still can record previous embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.
Claims (2)
1. the method that Portunus trituberculatus Miers efficiently cultivates, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) seed is selected: select that appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, the wide 7 ± 0.5mm of full first, healthy children of energetic Portunus trituberculatus Miers II phase crab;
(2) outdoor tank-culture is built: in outdoor breeding pond, near discharge outlet place, build cement pit, the area ratio of cultivating pool area and cement pit is (50-60): 1, and cement pit bottom is husky earth matter, the high 1.5-1.8m of cement pit; Cement pit is divided into 2, and one of them cement pit is installed ultraviolet lamp, and as cistern, another cement pit is as young crab intermediate rearing pond, and top covers with film, and every square metre arranges 1-2 gas charging stone;
(3) juvenile horse crab is cultivated: fresh seawater is added in cistern, carry out ultraviolet radiation for sterilizing and disinfecting, in intermediate rearing pond, add the seawater through disinfection by ultraviolet light; According to cultivating pool area, according to the density of 2000 tail/mus, II phase juvenile horse crab is put into intermediate rearing pond, throw something and feed through the large halogen worm of sterilization; Change water 15% every day;
(4) regulate cultivation female-male proportion: when the Portunus trituberculatus Miers in intermediate rearing pond is developed to VI phase children crab, juvenile horse crab is pulled out, according to the ratio of male and female 3:1, in cultivating pool, thrown in juvenile horse crab, 800 every mu;
(5) later stage supports temporarily: the Portunus trituberculatus Miers in cultivating pool cultivated to late September, after mating finishes, by male crab listing; When water temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in late October cultivating pool, female crab is pulled out, then put back to intermediate rearing pond, the upper plastic film of cover, supports temporarily to the Spring Festival and goes on the market simultaneously.
2. the method for the efficient cultivation of a kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Portunus trituberculatus Miers is for " Huang selects No. 1 " new varieties.
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| CN201310105409.5A CN103141426B (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2013-03-28 | Method for efficiently breeding blue crabs |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103843700B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-08-26 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | A kind of method of indoor culture soft shell Portunus trituberculatus Miers |
| CN103875558A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Swimming crab breeding method |
| CN103875566A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Method for ecologically breeding portunus trituberculatus in ponds |
| CN105494180A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 苏州市相城区太平蟹业专业合作社 | High density crab culture method |
| CN105433049A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Preparation method of live bait for replacing artemia larva |
| CN107361000A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-21 | 安徽江鲜渔业有限公司 | A kind of crab cultural method |
| CN108077140A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-05-29 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of method of Portunus trituberculatus Miers and the environmentally friendly seawater pond culture of stichopus japonicus |
| CN112106707A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Mixed ecological breeding method for open sea swimming crabs and Chinese prawns |
| CN112471019B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏海洋大学 | Method for in-situ water treatment of portunus trituberculatus aquaculture pond |
| CN114223590A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-25 | 江苏海洋大学 | Method suitable for high-quality and high-efficiency culture of portunus trituberculatus in east-sea area |
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