CN102007880A - Method for temporarily culturing female portunus trituberculatus indoors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for temporarily culturing female portunus trituberculatus indoors, which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: selecting a temporary-culturing pool; constructing the bottom of the pool; filling water in the pool; selecting healthy female portunus trituberculatus; and feeding fresh baits into the pool, etc. The method is used for temporarily culturing female portunus trituberculatus, and catching the female portunus trituberculatus until the market is tight around the Spring Festival, and the temporary-culturing period is 50 to 70 days. By using the method provided by the invention, the problems that a sand bed at the bottom of the original temporary-culturing pool for the female portunus trituberculatus is easy to blacken and stink, the quality of the cultivated water in the pool is deteriorated, portunus trituberculatus paranophrysiasis breaks out, and in the process of temporary culturing, the portunus trituberculatus performs mutual annihilation caused by insufficient baits for the portunus trituberculatus can be soled; and the method is simple in technical operation, and suitable to be applied to the indoor mass temporary-culturing of the female portunus trituberculatus.

Description

A kind of indoor temporary culture method of Portunus trituberculatus female crab

technical field

The present invention relates to a method for temporarily raising aquatic animals indoors, in particular to a method for temporarily raising female Portunus trituberculatus indoors.

Background technique

Portunus trituberculatus is commonly known as flying crab, sea crab, blue crab or large crab, etc. The largest individual can reach 700g. At present, artificial breeding has been carried out in all coastal provinces of my country, especially in northern provinces such as Shandong, Jiangsu and Hebei. The northern provinces are cold in winter, and often encounter irregular or/and long-term low temperatures. The seawater temperature can drop to about 0°C, which often makes it difficult for the cultured Portunus trituberculatus, especially the Portunus trituberculatus cultivated in autumn and winter, to successfully survive the winter. It is generally raised until late autumn and early winter, and then it is harvested and listed. But at this time, the portunus crabs are not plump enough, and the quality is not good; moreover, the portunus cultured in ponds usually have shortcomings such as black abdomen, and the market price is much lower than that of wild portunus; Breeding benefits of Portunus trituberculatus. If measures can be taken to ensure their safe overwintering, the sales and price will be very impressive when the market is tight around the Spring Festival. In particular, the price of female crabs is often twice as high as that of male crabs, which is quite profitable. However, the currently adopted method of overwintering Portunus trituberculatus causes serious cases of encephalomycosis in Portunus trituberculatus, and the mortality rate in some affected ponds is as high as 100%, which directly affects the economic benefits of breeding and the sustainable development of Portunus trituberculatus cultivation.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-yield, high-efficiency, environmental-friendly and disease-preventing method for indoor temporary cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention is a kind of indoor temporarily raising method of portunus trituberculatus female crab, and its characteristic is that, its steps are as follows:

(1) Temporary pond selection: In autumn and winter, choose the cement pond of the idle shrimp and crab nursery workshop, and soak it in 20×10 ^-6 ~40×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 1~2 days;

(2) Build the bottom of the pool: lay a layer of 5-10 cm thick gravel on the bottom of the holding pool, with a particle size of 2-4 mm, lay a layer of 80-100 mesh sieve on the gravel, and lay another layer on the sieve 5~20 cm thick fine sand, fine sand particle size 0.2~1.0 mm, lay PVC oxygen pipe on the sand layer;

(3) Add sea water: add sea water to the holding pool to keep the water depth on the sand layer at the bottom of the pool at 50-150 cm;

(4) Selection of healthy female crabs: Select mated female crabs with hard shells, strong vitality, normal body color and no injury on the body surface, and stock the female crabs when the natural water temperature drops to 12-14 °C. The size of the female crabs is 150-250 g/crab, stocking density 5~12/m ² ; before entering the holding pond, female crabs are soaked in 150×l0 ^-6 ~700×l0 ^-6 formaldehyde solution for 2~5 min;

(5) Feeding bait: Feed fresh bait blue clams, clams or small miscellaneous fish during temporary breeding; temporarily raise them at natural temperature for 50-70 days.

The method of the present invention is to temporarily raise female crabs until they are caught and sold on the market when the market is tight around the Spring Festival. , the relevant temperature generally refers to the water temperature measured at 10:00 in the morning.

In the technical scheme of the above-mentioned Portunus trituberculatus female crab indoor temporary cultivation method, the preferred technical features are:

1. In step (1), the area of the holding pond is preferably 10-50 m ² ;

2. In step (2), when constructing the bottom of the pond, a 0.5-1 m wide bait feeding area is left at the outlet of the holding tank. The bait feeding area is made of bricks, and then 80-100 mesh sieves are laid. Block fine sand.

3. In step (2), soak the gravel, sieve silk, fine sand and PVC aeration pipe with 5×10 ^-6 ~20×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 10~30 min before use;

4. In step (5), feed twice a day during temporary breeding, the amount of feeding in the evening accounts for 70% of the total daily feeding, and the amount of feeding in the morning accounts for 30% of the total daily feeding.

5. In step (5), when the water temperature in the holding pond is 11-14°C, the daily feeding amount of the female crab is 6-10% of its body weight; when the water temperature drops to 5-10°C, the daily feeding amount of the female crab is The amount of bait is 0-5% of its body weight (it is advisable to finish eating within 2-3 hours); when the water temperature is lower than 5°C, do not throw bait.

The method of the present invention preferably solves the problem of the blackening and smelly sand layer at the bottom of the portunus trituberculatus crab temporary breeding pond and the deterioration of water quality, the outbreak of encephalomycosis of portunus trituberculatus, the lack of bait and cannibalism of portunus trituberculatus crabs during the temporary cultivation process, etc. question. The method of interviewing is simple in technique and operation, and is suitable for large-scale temporary breeding of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs indoors.

Compared with the prior art, the main advantages of the inventive method and the further designed inventive method are:

(1) Feed high-quality fresh bait such as blue clams, clams and small miscellaneous fish to provide high-quality protein and enhance the ability of swimming crabs to resist cold and disease, thereby improving the survival rate of overwintering.

(2) Adjust the feeding amount in time according to the water temperature of the temporary culture and the feeding habits of the Portunus trituberculatus to solve the problems of insufficient or excessive bait for Portunus trituberculatus during the breeding process and the resulting mutual cannibalism of Portunus trituberculatus and deterioration of water quality in temporary cultivation.

(3) Simple double-layer pool bottom construction, the upper layer of fine sand is used for portunus trituberculatus to lurk and inhabit during the day, preventing cannibalism; the lower layer of gravel has water and air permeability, which promotes the flow of water at the bottom of the holding pool, and metabolizes the metabolism in the sand layer. The waste is taken away in time to provide a comfortable diving environment for Portunus trituberculatus and reduce the incidence of diseases. Further combined with fixed-point quantitative feeding technology, it has better solved the problems of black and smelly sand layer at the bottom of temporary breeding ponds, black belly of swimming crabs and deterioration of water quality in temporary breeding.

(4) Through various disinfection steps, combined with simple double-layer pool bottom measures, the temporary breeding environment is excellent, cutting off the transmission route of crab paracetabolism, and crab paracephalitiasis rarely occurs.

Detailed ways

The following further describes the specific technical solutions of the utility model, so that those skilled in the art can further understand the present invention, without constituting a limitation on the rights thereof.

Example 1. A method for indoor temporary cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs, the steps are as follows:

(1) Temporary pond selection: In autumn and winter, choose the cement pond in the idle shrimp and crab nursery workshop, and soak it in 20×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 2 days;

(2) Build the bottom of the pool: lay a layer of 5 cm thick gravel on the bottom of the holding pool, the particle size of the gravel is 2 mm, lay a layer of 80-mesh sieve on the gravel, and lay a layer of 5 cm thick fine sand on the sieve , the fine sand particle size is 0.2 mm, and PVC aeration pipes are laid on the sand layer;

(3) Add sea water: add sea water to the holding tank to keep the water depth on the sand layer at the bottom of the pool at 50cm;

(4) Selection of healthy female crabs: Select mated female crabs with hard shells, strong vitality, normal body color and no injuries on the body surface. When the water temperature in the holding pool drops to 12°C, the female crabs are stocked. The size of the female crabs is 150 g/ stocking density of 5 crabs/m ² ; female crabs were soaked in 150×l0 ^-6 formaldehyde solution for 2 min before entering the holding pond;

(5) Feeding bait: Feed fresh bait blue clams, clams or small miscellaneous fish during temporary breeding; temporarily raise them at natural temperature for 50 days.

Example 2. A method for indoor temporary cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs, the steps are as follows:

(1) Temporary pond selection: In autumn and winter, choose the cement pond in the idle shrimp and crab nursery workshop, and soak it in 40×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 1~2 days;

(2) Build the bottom of the pool: lay a layer of 10 cm thick gravel on the bottom of the holding pool, the particle size of the gravel is 4 mm, lay a layer of 100-mesh sieve on the gravel, and lay a layer of 20 cm thick fine sand on the sieve , the fine sand particle size is 1.0 mm, and PVC aeration pipes are laid on the sand layer;

(3) Add sea water: add sea water to the holding tank to keep the water depth on the sand layer at the bottom of the pool at 150 cm;

(4) Selection of healthy female crabs: select mated female crabs with hard shells, strong vitality, normal body color and no injuries on the body surface. When the water temperature in the holding pool drops to 14 °C, the female crabs are stocked. The size of the female crabs is 250 g/ stocking density of 12/m ² ; female crabs were soaked in 700×l0 ^-6 formaldehyde solution for 5 min before entering the holding pond;

(5) Feeding bait: feed fresh bait blue clam, lugworm or small miscellaneous fish during temporary breeding; temporarily raise it at natural temperature for 70 days.

Example 3. In the step (1) of the indoor temporary culture method for Portunus trituberculatus female crabs described in Example 1 or 2: the area of the temporary culture pool is 10-50 m ² .

Example 4. In the step (2) of the indoor temporary cultivation method of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs described in embodiment 1 or 2: when constructing the bottom of the pond, a 0.5-1 m wide baiting area is left at the outlet of the temporary cultivation pond, The baiting area is built with bricks, and then 80-100 mesh sieves are laid to block the fine sand.

Example 5. In the step (2) of the indoor temporary cultivation method of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs described in Example 1 or 2: gravel, sieve silk, fine sand and PVC aeration pipeline are used before use with 5×10 ⁻⁶ ~20×10 Soak in ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 10-30 minutes.

Example 6. In the step (5) of the indoor temporary breeding method of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs described in Example 1 or 2: during temporary breeding, feed 2 times a day, and the amount of feeding in the evening accounts for 70% of the total amount of feeding in the day, and in the morning The feeding amount accounts for 30% of the total daily feeding amount.

Example 7. In the step (1) of the indoor temporary culture method of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs described in Example 1 or 2 or 6: in step (5), when the water temperature in the temporary culture pool is 11-14°C, the female crabs are daily dosed The amount of bait is 6-10% of its body weight; when the water temperature drops to 5-10°C, the daily feeding amount of female crabs is 0-5% of its body weight; no bait is fed when the water temperature is lower than 5°C.

Example 8. Experiment on indoor temporary culture of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs.

Portunus trituberculatus temporary breeding ponds are 12 cement ponds in the shrimp and crab nursery workshop that are idle in autumn and winter in an aquatic nursery farm in Ganyu County. The bottom area of each pond is about ^{36m 2} . Soak in the solution for 2d. Lay about 8cm thick gravel at the bottom of the pool, spread a layer of 80-mesh sieve silk on it, and lay about 15cm thick fine sand on the sieve silk. A 0.8m wide bait feeding area is left at the drain, and the sand layer is blocked by laying bricks and then laying 80 mesh sieves. Lay PVC aeration pipes on the sand layer, and add sand to filter seawater until the water depth on the sand layer is about 100cm. Gravel, sieve silk, fine sand and PVC aeration pipes are disinfected with 10×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes before use. Select mated female crabs with hard shells, strong vitality, normal body color and no injuries on the body surface. When the water temperature in the holding pool drops to 13°C, the female crabs are stocked, the size is 215g/crab, and the stocking density is 10/m ² . Before entering the pool, female crabs are soaked in 300×l0 ^-6 formaldehyde solution for 4 minutes. During the temporary breeding process, fresh and live baits such as blue clams, clams and small miscellaneous fish were fed, and the bait was fed twice a day. When the water temperature in the pond is 11-14°C, the feeding amount of the swimming crab is 6-10% of the body weight; when the water temperature is 5-10°C, the feeding amount of the swimming crab is 0-5% of the body weight, and it is advisable to finish eating within 2 hours. Temporary 67d for sale. The experimental results are shown in the table below. After temporary breeding, Portunus trituberculatus can increase in value by 2.7 times as a whole, and the benefits are very significant.

the

Experimental indicators Assumed to be sold before respite For sale after respite Average weight of female crab (kg/36m ² ) 77.40 73.09 Average survival rate of female crabs (%) 100 84.6 Market price (yuan/kg) 60 240 Total output value (yuan) 4644 17542 Average temporary maintenance cost (yuan/36m ² ) - 5012 Benefit increase (fold) - 2.7

Claims (6)

1. a kind of Portunus trituberculatus female crab indoor temporarily raises method, it is characterized in that, its steps are as follows: (1) Temporary pond selection: In autumn and winter, choose the cement pond in the idle shrimp and crab nursery workshop, and soak it in 20×10 ^-6 ~40×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 1~2 days; (2) Build the bottom of the pond: Lay a layer of 5-10 cm thick gravel on the bottom of the holding pond, the grain size of the gravel is 2-4 mm, lay a layer of 80-100 mesh sieve on the gravel, and lay another layer on the sieve 5~20 cm thick fine sand, fine sand particle size 0.2~1.0 mm, lay PVC oxygen pipe on the sand layer; (3) Add sea water: add sea water to the holding tank to keep the water depth on the sand layer at the bottom of the pool at 50-150 cm; (4) Selection of healthy female crabs: Select mated female crabs with hard shells, strong vitality, normal body color and no injuries on the body surface. When the water temperature in the holding pond drops to 12-14 ℃, the female crabs are stocked. The size of the female crabs is 150 ~250 g/crab, stocking density 5~12/m ² ; before entering the holding pond, female crabs are soaked in 150×l0 ^-6 ~700×l0 ^-6 formaldehyde solution for 2~5 min; (5) Bait feeding: feed fresh bait blue clams, clams or small miscellaneous fish during temporary breeding; temporarily raise them at natural temperature for 50-70 days. 2. The indoor temporary culture method for Portunus trituberculatus female crabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (1), the area of the temporary culture pool is 10-50 m ² . 3. The method for indoor temporary cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (2), when constructing the bottom of the pond, a width of 0.5-1 m is left at the outlet of the temporary cultivation pond In the baiting area, the baiting area is made of bricks, and then 80-100 mesh sieves are laid to block the fine sand. 4. A method for indoor temporary cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in step (2), gravel, sieve silk, fine sand and PVC aeration pipeline are used with 5× Soak in 10 ^-6 ~20×10 ^-6 potassium permanganate solution for 10 ~ 30 min. 5. The indoor temporary breeding method for Portunus trituberculatus female crabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (5), during the temporary breeding, feeding is performed twice a day, and the amount of feeding in the evening accounts for the total amount of daily feeding 70% of the total amount of feeding in the morning accounted for 30% of the total daily feeding. 6. The method for indoor temporary cultivation of Portunus trituberculatus female crabs according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: in step (5), when the water temperature in the temporary cultivation pond is 11-14°C, the daily feeding amount of female crabs 6-10% of its body weight; when the water temperature drops to 5-10 ℃, the daily feeding amount of female crabs is 0-5% of its body weight; no baiting is given when the water temperature is lower than 5 ℃.