CN103636540A - Method for ecologically and early breeding Yangtze River coilia ectenes in pond greenhouse - Google Patents
Method for ecologically and early breeding Yangtze River coilia ectenes in pond greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636540A CN103636540A CN201310696482.4A CN201310696482A CN103636540A CN 103636540 A CN103636540 A CN 103636540A CN 201310696482 A CN201310696482 A CN 201310696482A CN 103636540 A CN103636540 A CN 103636540A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a method for ecologically and early breeding Yangtze River coilia ectenes in a pond greenhouse, and relates to coilia ectenes cultivation. The method comprises production steps of parent overwintering and strengthening cultivation, breeding parent stocking, mysis inoculation, daily management, fish fry number estimation and parent removing. The method is characterized in that when the water temperature of an outer pond is reduced to 7-8 DEG C from December to January in the following year, healthy two-age coilia ectenes without surface damage is taken as parent fish and transferred to the pond greenhouse for overwintering and strengthening cultivation; after the parent fish enters the greenhouse, 3 kilograms of exopalaemon carinicauda are put into the pound for each mu, and the mysis is inoculated; from the end of March to the middle ten days of April, the water temperature rises to 15-16 DEG C, overwintered and strengthened parent fish is picked and transferred to an ecological breeding pond, growth and feeding conditions of the fish fry are checked every one week, and the density of fish bait in water is adjusted according to the checked conditions; a seine is used for removing the parent fish in the middle ten days and last ten days of June, 1, 000-2, 000 fish fry can be generally seined each mu, the fish fry specification is that the total length is 7-10 cm and the weight is 1.8-2.5 g, and the fish fry can be taken as culturing offspring seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to-cultivate, especially the ecological early propagating technology of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond booth.
Background technology
Cutter long-tailed anchovy (
coilia ectenes), belong to Clupeiformes, Anchovy section, long-tailed anchovy genus, be commonly called as hairtail, rough cutter fish, Mao Huayu, beard fish, tapertail anchovy.Mainly be distributed in the yellow Bohai Sea of China and the East Sea one band, all maritime rivers are as all seen in the Liaohe River, Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Changjiang river, the Qiantang River, and it is with fine and tender taste, and delicious flavour and famous is the famous and precious migration fishes of enjoying one of " the Changjiang river three delicacies " good reputation.In recent years, due to the impact of the factors such as overfishing and the deterioration of the ecological environment, Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River resource sharply failed, and the market demand is growing on and on, even, to the awkward situation having price but no buyers, before and after the Clear and Bright of 2012, the cutter long-tailed anchovy market price of three liang of left and right specifications is up to 9000 yuan/jin.Along with the kind of culture fishery is upgraded and structural adjustment, as the kind of special cultivation, the cultivation of cutter long-tailed anchovy has also obtained very large development in view of its good economic worth, edibility and biological property.But at present, the Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River culture-cycle is relatively long, generally need 3-4, and mostly adopt extensive aquaculture model, cultivation density is low, cause pond turnover rate and availability low, Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond ecological breeding and artificial propagation under the natural normal temperature condition in area, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces could start in mid or late May, start to put the pool (fry specification 4-5cm) upper, the middle ten days in seed July that indoors artificial is bred, after approximately one month, to the fry that could grow to the drawn food manufactured feed of 7-10cm specification at the beginning of 8 months.If can do sth. in advance by artificial regulatory the artificial propagation of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River, for shifting to an earlier date the pool under seed, race against time, the fingerling specification in winter of such the 1st year is larger, can shorten the culture-cycle of cutter long-tailed anchovy, also can improve the rate of capital turnover, the pond utilization rate of raiser during whole cultivation.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the ecological early breeding method of a kind of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond booth.
Technical scheme of the present invention is survived the winter and reinforced cultivating by parent, breed with parent and put in a suitable place to breed, oppossum shrimp inoculation, daily management, fry estimates number and parent removes production stage composition, it is characterized in that in January December to next year, when outer pool water temperature drops to 7-8 ℃, choose body surface without wound, healthy, the cutter long-tailed anchovy adult fish of 2 full ages moves into as parent the reinforced cultivating of surviving the winter in the booth of pond, parent survives the winter and carry out pond desilting finishing before canopy, pond selects 2-3 mu area to be advisable, with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of quicklime 150 kg/ mu dry method, fresh waterflood 1 Zhou Houke is put fish, breeding density is 500-600 tail/mu, parent population enters after canopy, with the speed in the 1-3 ‰/sky salinity to 10% that progressively raises, water temperature remains on 9-16 ℃, throw in 6 jin of Exopalaemon carinicaudas that specification is 300-400 tail/jin for every mu, inoculation oppossum shrimp, bait throwing in every day 1 time, bait is shrimp pellet, mainly throws something and feeds and ingests to Exopalaemon carinicauda, a 1.5Kw aerator is put in each pond, the fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, and 8-10h starts shooting evening, bad weather increases the available machine time, when water temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in booth, do not change water, monthly change water 1 time in the time of 11-12 ℃, each quantity of exchanged water is no more than 20 %, within in the time of 13-16 ℃ every two weeks, change water 1 time, change water 30 %, while changing water, the inside and outside water temperature difference of canopy is less than 5 ℃ at every turn, to mid or late March, booth pond, pond salinity water is progressively adjusted downward to 3-5 ‰ by changing fresh water with the speed in 1-3 ‰/sky, arrive by the end of March to mid-April, water temperature is raised to 15-16 ℃, the parent who selects the strengthening of surviving the winter moves into ecology and breeds pond, the quicklime 150 kg/ mu dry method sterilization of cleaning up the pond for sterilization of cleaning up the pond, after thorough disinfection, intake, water filling 1 Zhou Houke is put fish, and salinity is at 2-3 ‰, the double-deck 60-120 mesh sieve of water inlet muzzle tulle bag filtration, until ecology, breeding pool inner water temperature is less than after 1 ℃ with the temperature difference in reinforced cultivating pond of surviving the winter, select the parent who breeds use and move into ecology and breed pond, require raun belly slightly to expand, milter can be extruded a small amount of seminal fluid, selected parent must be with water operation, breeding density 15-20 tail/mu, breeding with cutter long-tailed anchovy parent's bait is oppossum shrimp, inoculation method is: with 40-60 object mesh bag, in the pond booth of surviving the winter of oppossum shrimp resource, fish for oppossum shrimp, mesh bag will screen after fishing for, and rejects Exopalaemon carinicauda and the young wherein, to avoid white shrimp ingest ovum and the fry of cutter long-tailed anchovy, adopt and repeatedly fish on a small quantity and inoculate, during inoculation, in pond, open in advance aerator, dissolved oxygen content in water body in raising pond, guarantee to inoculate oppossum shrimp survival, oppossum shrimp inoculum concentration is 300-500 times of cutter long-tailed anchovy parental number, put in a suitable place to breed after parent, the aerator fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, the 5-8h that starts shooting evening, bad weather increases the available machine time, ecology is bred pool inner water temperature and is kept being not less than 16 ℃, too fast for preventing that fine day water temperature on daytime from raising, water temperature is more than 18 ℃, booth two is removed and is ventilated, generally to late May, in the time of water temperature 24-25 ℃, remove booth, put in a suitable place to breed in latter 1 month and do not change water, generally to mid-May, start to change water, monthly change water 1 time later, quantity of exchanged water general control is 20%, to keep the food organisms in pond, adopt 60-80 order guard pumping for water pump to change water, water inlet adopts double-deck 60-120 order mesh bag to filter, every 3-5 days detection pond food organisms density 1 time, if find, food organisms density is lower than 10/L, to from external source pond, drag for into biological feed and supplement in time, check week about fry growth and the situation of ingesting, according to inspection situation, adjust food density in water body simultaneously, generally to mid or late June, with 20 order leather strap nets, draw in the net, check and to draw in the net to remove parent by fry, avoid the parent fry that can ingest, cause survival rate of fish fry low, can move 1000-2000 tail fry, fry specification: total length 7-10cm, body weight 1.8-2.5g to for general every mu, now, fry can be used as the seed of normal cultivation.
The present invention is to have created a set of parent of comprising to select with respect to the outstanding feature of prior art, environment is equipped with, breeding density, bait is thrown in, the rational cultivate mode of time period interdisciplinary science of salinity and water temperature regulate and control and daily management regulation and control, facilitate cutter long-tailed anchovy parent sexual gland premature ripening and breed, corresponding seed emerges and has done sth. in advance approximately 1 first quarter moon, guarantee can cultivate then the fingerling of large specification, in mid or late November, ecological early numerous fingerling average body length can reach 18-20cm, body weight 25.0-26.0g, and the general conventional long 10-12cm of fry average body, body weight 3.0-4.5g, the ratio that adopts ecological early numerous fingerling can make Second Year obtain listing specification the end of the year obviously improves, can shorten so the whole culture-cycle of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River, also can improve the rate of capital turnover of raiser during whole cultivation, pond utilization rate.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, is easy to be accepted and promote.
Embodiment
1) parent survives the winter and reinforced cultivating: in January December to next year, when outer pool water temperature drops to 7-8 ℃ of left and right, choose body surface and move into and in the plastic tunnel of pond, carry out overwintering culture as parent without wound, cutter long-tailed anchovy adult fish healthy, 2 full ages; Parent survives the winter and carry out pond desilting finishing before canopy, and pond selects 2-3 mu area to be advisable, and with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of quicklime 150 kg/ mu dry method, water filling (fresh water) 1 Zhou Houke is put fish; Breeding density is 500-600 tail/mu, and parent population enters after canopy, and with the speed in the 1-3 ‰/sky salinity to 10% that progressively raises, water temperature remains on 9-16 ℃, throws in 6 jin of small dimension Exopalaemon carinicaudas (specification 300-400 tail/jin) for every mu, inoculates oppossum shrimp; Bait throwing in every day 1 time, bait is shrimp pellet, mainly throws something and feeds and ingests to Exopalaemon carinicauda; A 1.5Kw aerator is put in each pond, the fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, and the 8-10h that starts shooting evening, bad weather increases the available machine time; When water temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in booth, do not change water as far as possible; In the time of 11-12 ℃, monthly change water 1 time, each quantity of exchanged water is no more than 20 %, in the time of 13-16 ℃, within every two weeks, changes water 1 time, changes water 30 % at every turn, and while changing water, the inside and outside water temperature difference of canopy is less than 5 ℃; General to mid or late March, booth pond, pond salinity water is progressively adjusted downward to 3-5 ‰ by changing fresh water with the speed in 1-3 ‰/sky;
2) breed with parent and put in a suitable place to breed: arrive by the end of March to mid-April, in booth, water temperature is raised to 15-16 ℃, the parent who selects the strengthening of surviving the winter moves into ecology and breeds pond, the quicklime 150 kg/ mu dry method sterilization of cleaning up the pond for sterilization of cleaning up the pond, water inlet (salinity is at 2-3 ‰) after thorough disinfection, water filling 1 Zhou Houke is put fish, the double-deck 60-120 mesh sieve of water inlet muzzle tulle bag filtration; Etc. ecology, breed pool inner water temperature and be less than after 1 ℃ with the temperature difference in reinforced cultivating pond of surviving the winter, select to breed and with parent, move into ecology and breed pond, require raun belly slightly to expand, milter can be extruded a small amount of seminal fluid, selected parent must be with water operation, breeding density 15-20 tail/mu;
3) oppossum shrimp inoculation: breeding with cutter long-tailed anchovy parent's bait is oppossum shrimp, inoculation method is: with 40-60 object mesh bag, in the pond booth of surviving the winter of oppossum shrimp resource, fish for oppossum shrimp, mesh bag must screen after fishing for, reject Exopalaemon carinicauda and the young wherein, adopt and repeatedly fish on a small quantity and inoculate, during inoculation, in pond, open in advance aerator, in raising pond, dissolved oxygen content in water body, guarantees to inoculate oppossum shrimp survival, and oppossum shrimp inoculum concentration is 300-500 times of cutter long-tailed anchovy parental number;
4) daily management: put in a suitable place to breed after parent, the aerator fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, the 5-8h that starts shooting evening, bad weather increases the available machine time; Ecology is bred pool inner water temperature and is kept being not less than 16 ℃, too fast for preventing that fine day water temperature on daytime from raising, and water temperature is more than 18 ℃, and booth two is removed and ventilated, and generally to late May, in the time of water temperature 24-25 ℃, removes booth; Put in a suitable place to breed in latter 1 month and do not change water, generally to mid-May, start to change water, monthly change water 1 time later, quantity of exchanged water general control is in 20% left and right, to keep the food organisms in pond, adopt 60-80 order guard pumping for water pump to change water, water inlet adopts double-deck 60-120 order mesh bag to filter; Every 3-5 days detection pond food organisms density 1 time, if find, food organisms density, lower than 10/L, drag for into biological feed and supplement in time from external source pond; Check week about fry growth and the situation of ingesting, according to inspection situation, adjust food density in water body simultaneously;
5) fry is estimated number, parent removes: generally to mid or late June, with 20 order leather strap nets (polythene net), draw in the net, check fry, draw in the net to remove parent, can move 1000-2000 tail fry to for general every mu, fry specification: total length 7-10cm, body weight 1.8-2.5g, now, fry can be used as the seed of normal cultivation, than the conventional fry breeding, do sth. in advance approximately 1 first quarter moon, under routine is bred condition, mid or late June fry total length also only have 2-5cm.
Claims (1)
1. the ecological early breeding method of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond booth, by parent, survived the winter and reinforced cultivating, breed with parent and put in a suitable place to breed, oppossum shrimp inoculation, daily management, fry estimates number and parent removes production stage composition, it is characterized in that in January December to next year, when outer pool water temperature drops to 7-8 ℃, choose body surface without wound, healthy, the cutter long-tailed anchovy adult fish of 2 full ages moves into as parent the reinforced cultivating of surviving the winter in the booth of pond, parent survives the winter and carry out pond desilting finishing before canopy, pond selects 2-3 mu area to be advisable, with the sterilization of cleaning up the pond of quicklime 150 kg/ mu dry method, fresh waterflood 1 Zhou Houke is put fish, breeding density is 500-600 tail/mu, parent population enters after canopy, with the speed in the 1-3 ‰/sky salinity to 10% that progressively raises, water temperature remains on 9-16 ℃, throw in 6 jin of Exopalaemon carinicaudas that specification is 300-400 tail/jin for every mu, inoculation oppossum shrimp, bait throwing in every day 1 time, bait is shrimp pellet, mainly throws something and feeds and ingests to Exopalaemon carinicauda, a 1.5Kw aerator is put in each pond, the fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, and 8-10h starts shooting evening, bad weather increases the available machine time, when water temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in booth, do not change water, monthly change water 1 time in the time of 11-12 ℃, each quantity of exchanged water is no more than 20 %, within in the time of 13-16 ℃ every two weeks, change water 1 time, change water 30 %, while changing water, the inside and outside water temperature difference of canopy is less than 5 ℃ at every turn, to mid or late March, booth pond, pond salinity water is progressively adjusted downward to 3-5 ‰ by changing fresh water with the speed in 1-3 ‰/sky, arrive by the end of March to mid-April, water temperature is raised to 15-16 ℃, the parent who selects the strengthening of surviving the winter moves into ecology and breeds pond, the quicklime 150 kg/ mu dry method sterilization of cleaning up the pond for sterilization of cleaning up the pond, after thorough disinfection, intake, water filling 1 Zhou Houke is put fish, and salinity is at 2-3 ‰, the double-deck 60-120 mesh sieve of water inlet muzzle tulle bag filtration, until ecology, breeding pool inner water temperature is less than after 1 ℃ with the temperature difference in reinforced cultivating pond of surviving the winter, select the parent who breeds use and move into ecology and breed pond, require raun belly slightly to expand, milter can be extruded a small amount of seminal fluid, selected parent must be with water operation, breeding density 15-20 tail/mu, breeding with cutter long-tailed anchovy parent's bait is oppossum shrimp, inoculation method is: with 40-60 object mesh bag, in the pond booth of surviving the winter of oppossum shrimp resource, fish for oppossum shrimp, mesh bag will screen after fishing for, and rejects Exopalaemon carinicauda and the young wherein, to avoid white shrimp ingest ovum and the fry of cutter long-tailed anchovy, adopt and repeatedly fish on a small quantity and inoculate, during inoculation, in pond, open in advance aerator, dissolved oxygen content in water body in raising pond, guarantee to inoculate oppossum shrimp survival, oppossum shrimp inoculum concentration is 300-500 times of cutter long-tailed anchovy parental number, put in a suitable place to breed after parent, the aerator fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, the 5-8h that starts shooting evening, bad weather increases the available machine time, ecology is bred pool inner water temperature and is kept being not less than 16 ℃, too fast for preventing that fine day water temperature on daytime from raising, water temperature is more than 18 ℃, booth two is removed and is ventilated, generally to late May, in the time of water temperature 24-25 ℃, remove booth, put in a suitable place to breed in latter 1 month and do not change water, generally to mid-May, start to change water, monthly change water 1 time later, quantity of exchanged water general control is 20%, to keep the food organisms in pond, adopt 60-80 order guard pumping for water pump to change water, water inlet adopts double-deck 60-120 order mesh bag to filter, every 3-5 days detection pond food organisms density 1 time, if find, food organisms density is lower than 10/L, to from external source pond, drag for into biological feed and supplement in time, check week about fry growth and the situation of ingesting, according to inspection situation, adjust food density in water body simultaneously, generally to mid or late June, with 20 order leather strap nets, draw in the net, check and to draw in the net to remove parent by fry, avoid the parent fry that can ingest, cause survival rate of fish fry low, can move 1000-2000 tail fry, fry specification: total length 7-10cm, body weight 1.8-2.5g to for general every mu, now, fry can be used as the seed of normal cultivation.
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Cited By (10)
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CN103719006A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-16 | 上海市水产研究所 | Method for improving survival rate of coilia ectenes parents during artificial breeding period |
CN103960181A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-06 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Coilia nasus pond culture method with dace and caridina nilotica gracilipes as feed |
CN105379649A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-09 | 上海市水产研究所 | Ecological early-breeding method of rhodeus in greenhouse cement pond |
CN105393958A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-16 | 上海市水产研究所 | Current year fish fingerling indoor cement pool high density aquaculture method for bigmouth grenadier anchovy artificial breeding |
CN105981657A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-10-05 | 江苏省农业科学院泰州农科所 | Method for large-scale ecological aquaculture of coilia ectenes in greenhouse |
CN107211924A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-09-29 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of method of cabezon indoor artificial propagation |
CN107223598A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-10-03 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of age knife long-tailed anchovy pond tandem ecology breeds cultural method |
CN107347744A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏中也食品进出口有限公司 | A kind of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond breeding method |
CN112352712A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-12 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | Artificial propagation method of sinocyclocheilus rhinoceros |
CN115669576A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-02-03 | 上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站) | Method for improving overwintering survival rate of coilia ectenes second-instar fingerlings |
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CN103404462A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-11-27 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for cultivating fries of coilia ectenes in soil pond |
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CN103026987A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2013-04-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | Indoor cement pond culture technique of Yangtze River Coilia ectenes |
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Cited By (15)
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CN103719006A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-16 | 上海市水产研究所 | Method for improving survival rate of coilia ectenes parents during artificial breeding period |
CN103719006B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-06-06 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of method for improving knife long-tailed anchovy parent survival rate during artificial breeding |
CN103960181A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-08-06 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Coilia nasus pond culture method with dace and caridina nilotica gracilipes as feed |
CN103960181B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2016-01-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of method of dace and the pond culture of caridina nilotica gracilipes supporting supply cutter long-tailed anchovy |
CN105981657A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2016-10-05 | 江苏省农业科学院泰州农科所 | Method for large-scale ecological aquaculture of coilia ectenes in greenhouse |
CN105379649A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-09 | 上海市水产研究所 | Ecological early-breeding method of rhodeus in greenhouse cement pond |
CN105393958A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-16 | 上海市水产研究所 | Current year fish fingerling indoor cement pool high density aquaculture method for bigmouth grenadier anchovy artificial breeding |
CN107211924A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-09-29 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of method of cabezon indoor artificial propagation |
CN107223598A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-10-03 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of age knife long-tailed anchovy pond tandem ecology breeds cultural method |
CN107223598B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-09-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | A kind of age knife long-tailed anchovy pond tandem ecology breeding cultural method |
CN107211924B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2020-01-10 | 上海市水产研究所 | Indoor artificial propagation method for sebastes marmoratus |
CN107347744A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏中也食品进出口有限公司 | A kind of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond breeding method |
CN112352712A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-12 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | Artificial propagation method of sinocyclocheilus rhinoceros |
CN112352712B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-06-07 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | Artificial propagation method of sinocyclocheilus rhinoceros |
CN115669576A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-02-03 | 上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站) | Method for improving overwintering survival rate of coilia ectenes second-instar fingerlings |
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