CN105981657A - Method for large-scale ecological aquaculture of coilia ectenes in greenhouse - Google Patents
Method for large-scale ecological aquaculture of coilia ectenes in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN105981657A CN105981657A CN201510052764.XA CN201510052764A CN105981657A CN 105981657 A CN105981657 A CN 105981657A CN 201510052764 A CN201510052764 A CN 201510052764A CN 105981657 A CN105981657 A CN 105981657A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for large-scale ecological aquaculture of coilia ectenes in a greenhouse. The method which adopts semi-running-water ecological aquaculture in the greenhouse includes: 1) water source selection; 2) aquaculture facility configuration; 3) ecological aquaculture; 4) adult fish harvest. Underground water of a deep well deeper than 30m is selected to serve as the water source, and an eel formula feed is used as a powdery formula feed. The method for large-scale ecological aquaculture is large in aquaculture scale, high in aquaculture density and high in yield, and coilia ectenes bred according to the method is high in survival rate and extremely high in nutritive value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of hairtail cultural method.
Background technology
In recent years, variation of ecology and environment was greatly the living environment destroying hairtail so that the total resources of hairtail seriously reduces.Have now and manually carry out hairtail cultivation, but existing hairtail artificial cultivation small scale, cultivation density is low, yields poorly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of cultivation scale is big, and cultivation density is high, the hairtail warmhouse booth large-scale ecological cultural method that yield is high.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions technical goal.
Hairtail warmhouse booth large-scale ecological cultural method, it thes improvement is that: using the cultivation of warmhouse booth semi-fluid Ecology, method is as follows:
1) water source is selected
Using deep-well subsoil water, source quality should meet the regulation of " water quality standard for fishery " GB11607-1989；
2) configuration breeding facility
(1) warmhouse booth
Warmhouse booth is steel frame construction, safety glass metope, arranges the best insulation construction, has preferable heat insulation effect, and wall sets 3-5 exhaust fan for ventilating；
(2) water-retention cement pit
Some water-retention cement pits are set in warmhouse booth, save deep-well subsoil water, be used for cultivating；In water-retention cement pit, water continues aeration；
(3) culturing pool
Some culturing pools are set in warmhouse booth；
Culturing pool is diameter 10-12m, the round pool of deep 1.8-2.0m, low shallow pot bottom-shape high in surrounding, middle at the bottom of pond, pool wall paints with nontoxic navy blue coating, top sets 4-6 the water inlet pipe along culturing pool circumference uniform distribution, water inlet pipe all becomes 40 ° of-50 ° of angles with culturing pool inwall bus, the water surface, and culturing pool center is provided with sewage disposal facility；
Culturing pool is the most sterilized, steep pond 50-70 days, the most again with bleaching powder or lime disinfection, drains water and dry at the bottom of pond after sterilization；
(4) aerator
It is equipped with micro-pore oxygenation machine in culturing pool, at the bottom of pond, is uniformly distributed micro-pore oxygenation dish 3-5, continue oxygen supplement；
(5) water quality online automatic detection equipment
Culturing pool is equipped with water quality online automatic detection equipment, shows the conventional physical and chemical index such as water body dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH in real time；
3) ecological cultivation
(1) culturing pool water inlet
Use in water-retention cement pit through the aeration water of more than 7 days, and with the bolting silk net filtration of 100 mesh, under fry, pond intakes in culturing pool for first 3 days, and initial depth of water 1-1.2m adds 0.2-0.3m later every day, water 0.2-0.3m is still overlapped every day after reaching depth of water 1.7-1.8m, the water of cistern is maintained at following condition: dissolved oxygen should be at 5-8mg/L, and pH is 6.8-8.5, water temperature 20-25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen concentration≤0.05mg/L, sub-nitrogen concentration≤0.01mg/L；
(2) seed rearing
Fish for wild seed from the Changjiang river, seed is identified, sterilization, rejects small fish, the seed of vigor difference；The long 3-5cm of selective body, the cutter long-tailed anchovy that size is close, vigor is good；Selecting and to operate by band water, action is wanted quickly, carefully；
After the seed of select is put into the 10min that sterilizes in preprepared 5 ‰ saline solution, connecting water with basin and scoop to culturing pool, cultivation density is 15-18 tail/m3；
(3) raise
After fry enters pond, the next morning starts the biological feeds such as cladocera, Copepods, rotifers of throwing something and feeding；Every morning 8 and at 5 in evening throw something and feed, and density of throwing something and feeding is 5-8ind./ml；By bait first with 5 ‰ saline solutions sterilization 2-3min before throwing something and feeding, then with the bolting silk net filtration of 40 mesh, removing macroplankton；Bait feeding accomplish fixed point, regularly, determine matter, quantitative；
When fry growth is to the long 10-14cm of body, body weight 6-10g, carry out a point pond；First water in culturing pool being emitted into about 0.3m during point pond, then go in preprepared culturing pool by a part of fry basin band water, controlling the breeding density behind point pond is 10-15 tail/m3；
Bait selects powder mixed feed, stir evenly with a small amount of water, the little group more than pinching into Semen phaseoli radiati size throws something and feeds, day feeding volume is the 2-3% of total fish weight: add Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) bimester of front in bait, the density of throwing something and feeding of Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is 3-5ind./ml, and before throwing something and feeding, Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) must be first with 5 ‰ saline solution sterilization 2-3min；First three day bait also needs add 5%Vc；Throw something and feed bimester after mixed feed；
Periodically check water quality index reading, and inspect the index such as ammonia nitrogen, sub-nitrogen concentration by random samples；Excreta at the bottom of periodic cleaning culturing pool；Often within 3-4 days, changing a water, quantity of exchanged water is in culturing pool the 1/3 of the water yield；
4) results adult fish: when average weight reaches 120-150g/ tail, harvesting.
As the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the described choosing source degree of depth is the deep-well subsoil water of more than 30m.
As present invention further optimization technical scheme, described powder mixed feed is eel compound feed.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the positive effect that:
1, the cultivation of warmhouse booth semi-fluid Ecology is used, an ecological environment being suitable for its growth is created to hairtail, significantly improving cultivation scale, cultivation density and yield, the hairtail drug residue cultivated also reaches the requirement of " fishery drugs residue limitation in pollution-free food aquatic products " NY 5070-2002.
2, using deep-well subsoil water, have abundant water resources, water quality is secure.
3, culturing pool is round pool, low shallow pot bottom-shape high in surrounding, middle at the bottom of pond, it is simple in pond, Excreta is in center set at the bottom of pond；Pool wall paints with nontoxic navy blue coating, builds living environment easily to hairtail.
4, water inlet pipe all becomes 40 ° of-50 ° of angles with culturing pool inwall bus, the water surface, makes to rotate into water during water, and in drive pond, Excreta is in center set at the bottom of pond, and is discharged by the sewage disposal facility in the middle of pond in time, it is ensured that water quality in pond.
5, the choosing source degree of depth is the deep-well subsoil water of more than 30m, further ensures water source quality.
6, powder mixed feed is eel compound feed, eel compound feed is nutritious, rich in proteins, various vitamin, remarkably promote the growth of hairtail, the hairtail protein content raised reaches more than 65%, fat content reaches more than 29%, and rich in phosphorus, ferrum, calcium, zinc, magnesium and vitamin A, B1, B2, cultivation survival rate improves 25%.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Hairtail warmhouse booth large-scale ecological cultural method, uses the cultivation of warmhouse booth semi-fluid Ecology.
Embodiment 1:
1) water source is selected
The deep-well subsoil water using the degree of depth to be 30m, source quality meets the regulation of " water quality standard for fishery " GB11607-1989；
2) configuration breeding facility
(1) warmhouse booth
Warmhouse booth is steel frame construction, safety glass metope, arranges the best insulation construction, has preferable heat insulation effect, and wall sets 3 exhaust fans for ventilating；
(2) water-retention cement pit
Some water-retention cement pits are set in warmhouse booth, save deep-well subsoil water, be used for cultivating；In water-retention cement pit, water continues aeration；
(3) culturing pool
Some culturing pools are set in warmhouse booth；
Culturing pool is diameter 10m, the round pool of deep 1.8m, low shallow pot bottom-shape high in surrounding, middle at the bottom of pond, pool wall paints with nontoxic navy blue coating, top sets 4 water inlet pipes along culturing pool circumference uniform distribution, water inlet pipe all becomes 40 ° of angles with culturing pool inwall bus, the water surface, and culturing pool center is provided with sewage disposal facility；
Culturing pool is the most sterilized, steep pond 50 days, the most again with bleaching powder or lime disinfection, drains water and dry at the bottom of pond after sterilization；
(4) aerator
It is equipped with micro-pore oxygenation machine in culturing pool, at the bottom of pond, is uniformly distributed 3, micro-pore oxygenation dish, continue oxygen supplement；
(5) water quality online automatic detection equipment
Culturing pool is equipped with water quality online automatic detection equipment, shows the conventional physical and chemical index such as water body dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH in real time；
3) ecological cultivation
(1) culturing pool water inlet
Use in water-retention cement pit through the aeration water of more than 7 days, and with the bolting silk net filtration of 100 mesh, under fry, pond intakes in culturing pool for first 3 days, and initial depth of water 1m adds 0.2m later every day, water 0.2m is still overlapped every day after reaching depth of water 1.7m, the water of cistern is maintained at following condition: dissolved oxygen should be at 5-8mg/L, and pH is 6.8-8.5, water temperature 20-25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen concentration≤0.05mg/L, sub-nitrogen concentration≤0.01mg/L；
(2) seed rearing
Fish for wild seed from the Changjiang river, seed is identified, sterilization, rejects small fish, the seed of vigor difference；The long 3-5cm of selective body, the cutter long-tailed anchovy that size is close, vigor is good；Selecting and to operate by band water, action is wanted quickly, carefully；
After the seed of select is put into the 10min that sterilizes in preprepared 5 ‰ saline solution, connecting water with basin and scoop to culturing pool, cultivation density is 15-18 tail/m3；
(3) raise
After fry enters pond, the next morning starts the biological feeds such as cladocera, Copepods, rotifers of throwing something and feeding；Every morning 8 and at 5 in evening throw something and feed, and density of throwing something and feeding is 5-8ind./ml；By bait first with 5 ‰ saline solutions sterilization 2-3min before throwing something and feeding, then with the bolting silk net filtration of 40 mesh, removing macroplankton；Bait feeding accomplish fixed point, regularly, determine matter, quantitative；
When fry growth is to the long 10-14cm of body, body weight 6-10g, carry out a point pond；First water in culturing pool being emitted into about 0.3m during point pond, then go in preprepared culturing pool by a part of fry basin band water, controlling the breeding density behind point pond is 10-15 tail/m3；
Bait selects powder mixed feed, in the present embodiment, powder mixed feed is eel compound feed, stir evenly with a small amount of water, the little group more than pinching into Semen phaseoli radiati size throws something and feeds, day feeding volume is the 2-3% of total fish weight: the density of throwing something and feeding adding Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) bimester of front in bait is 3-5ind./ml, and before throwing something and feeding, Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) must first be sterilized 2-3min with 5 ‰ saline solutions；First three day bait also needs add 5%Vc；Throw something and feed bimester after mixed feed；
Periodically check water quality index reading, and inspect the index such as ammonia nitrogen, sub-nitrogen concentration by random samples；Excreta at the bottom of periodic cleaning culturing pool；Often within 3-4 days, changing a water, quantity of exchanged water is in culturing pool the 1/3 of the water yield；
4) results adult fish: when average weight reaches 120-150g/ tail, harvesting.
Embodiment 2:
1) water source is selected
The deep-well subsoil water using the degree of depth to be 35m, source quality meets the regulation of " water quality standard for fishery " GB11607-1989；
2) configuration breeding facility
(1) warmhouse booth
Warmhouse booth is steel frame construction, safety glass metope, arranges the best insulation construction, has preferable heat insulation effect, and wall sets 5 exhaust fans for ventilating；
(2) water-retention cement pit
Some water-retention cement pits are set in warmhouse booth, save deep-well subsoil water, be used for cultivating；In water-retention cement pit, water continues aeration；
(3) culturing pool
Some culturing pools are set in warmhouse booth；
Culturing pool is diameter 12m, the round pool of deep 2.0m, low shallow pot bottom-shape high in surrounding, middle at the bottom of pond, pool wall paints with nontoxic navy blue coating, top sets 6 water inlet pipes along culturing pool circumference uniform distribution, water inlet pipe all becomes 50 ° of angles with culturing pool inwall bus, the water surface, and culturing pool center is provided with sewage disposal facility；
Culturing pool is the most sterilized, steep pond 70 days, the most again with bleaching powder or lime disinfection, drains water and dry at the bottom of pond after sterilization；
(4) aerator
It is equipped with micro-pore oxygenation machine in culturing pool, at the bottom of pond, is uniformly distributed 5, micro-pore oxygenation dish, continue oxygen supplement；
(5) water quality online automatic detection equipment
Culturing pool is equipped with water quality online automatic detection equipment, shows the conventional physical and chemical index such as water body dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH in real time；
3) ecological cultivation
(1) culturing pool water inlet
Use in water-retention cement pit through the aeration water of more than 7 days, and with the bolting silk net filtration of 100 mesh, under fry, pond intakes in culturing pool for first 3 days, and initial depth of water 1.2m adds 0.3m later every day, water 0.3m is still overlapped every day after reaching depth of water 1.8m, the water of cistern is maintained at following condition: dissolved oxygen should be at 5-8mg/L, and pH is 6.8-8.5, water temperature 20-25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen concentration≤0.05mg/L, sub-nitrogen concentration≤0.01mg/L；
(2) seed rearing
Fish for wild seed from the Changjiang river, seed is identified, sterilization, rejects small fish, the seed of vigor difference；The long 3-5cm of selective body, the cutter long-tailed anchovy that size is close, vigor is good；Selecting and to operate by band water, action is wanted quickly, carefully；
After the seed of select is put into the 10min that sterilizes in preprepared 5 ‰ saline solution, connecting water with basin and scoop to culturing pool, cultivation density is 15-18 tail/m3；
(3) raise
After fry enters pond, the next morning starts the biological feeds such as cladocera, Copepods, rotifers of throwing something and feeding；Every morning 8 and at 5 in evening throw something and feed, and density of throwing something and feeding is 5-8ind./ml；By bait first with 5 ‰ saline solutions sterilization 2-3min before throwing something and feeding, then with the bolting silk net filtration of 40 mesh, removing macroplankton；Bait feeding accomplish fixed point, regularly, determine matter, quantitative；
When fry growth is to the long 10-14cm of body, body weight 6-10g, carry out a point pond；First water in culturing pool being emitted into about 0.3m during point pond, then go in preprepared culturing pool by a part of fry basin band water, controlling the breeding density behind point pond is 10-15 tail/m3；
Bait selects powder mixed feed, in the present embodiment, powder mixed feed is eel compound feed, stir evenly with a small amount of water, the little group more than pinching into Semen phaseoli radiati size throws something and feeds, day feeding volume is the 2-3% of total fish weight: the density of throwing something and feeding adding Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan), Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) bimester of front in bait is 3-5ind./ml, and before throwing something and feeding, Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) must first be sterilized 2-3min with 5 ‰ saline solutions；First three day bait also needs add 5%Vc；Throw something and feed bimester after mixed feed；
Periodically check water quality index reading, and inspect the index such as ammonia nitrogen, sub-nitrogen concentration by random samples；Excreta at the bottom of periodic cleaning culturing pool；Often within 3-4 days, changing a water, quantity of exchanged water is in culturing pool the 1/3 of the water yield；
4) results adult fish: when average weight reaches 120-150g/ tail, harvesting.
The application unit is cultivated in different culturing pools by the method for both examples above, also cultivates in full Artificial Soil pond simultaneously, and 2 culturing pools of each test are one group, and cultivation result is as follows:
Being cultivated by the cultural method of the present invention, survival rate significantly improves, and not only significantly increases hairtail body weight, and dramatically increases protein, fat content, and nutritive value is substantially close to wild hairtail.It is big that the present invention cultivates scale, and cultivation density is high, and yield is high, large-scale ecological cultural method preferably.
Claims (3)
1. a hairtail warmhouse booth large-scale ecological cultural method, it is characterised in that: using the cultivation of warmhouse booth semi-fluid Ecology, method is as follows:
1) water source is selected
Using deep-well subsoil water, source quality should meet the regulation of " water quality standard for fishery " GB11607-1989；
2) configuration breeding facility
(1) warmhouse booth
Warmhouse booth is steel frame construction, safety glass metope, arranges the best insulation construction, has preferable heat insulation effect, and wall sets 3-5 exhaust fan for ventilating；
(2) water-retention cement pit
Some water-retention cement pits are set in warmhouse booth, save deep-well subsoil water, be used for cultivating；In water-retention cement pit, water continues aeration；
(3) culturing pool
Some culturing pools are set in warmhouse booth；
Culturing pool is diameter 10-12m, the round pool of deep 1.8-2.0m, low shallow pot bottom-shape high in surrounding, middle at the bottom of pond, pool wall paints with nontoxic navy blue coating, top sets 4-6 the water inlet pipe along culturing pool circumference uniform distribution, water inlet pipe all becomes 40 ° of-50 ° of angles with culturing pool inwall bus, the water surface, and culturing pool center is provided with sewage disposal facility；
Culturing pool is the most sterilized, steep pond 50-70 days, the most again with bleaching powder or lime disinfection, drains water and dry at the bottom of pond after sterilization；
(4) aerator
It is equipped with micro-pore oxygenation machine in culturing pool, at the bottom of pond, is uniformly distributed micro-pore oxygenation dish 3-5, continue oxygen supplement；
(5) water quality online automatic detection equipment
Culturing pool is equipped with water quality online automatic detection equipment, shows the conventional physical and chemical index such as water body dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH in real time；
3) ecological cultivation
(1) culturing pool water inlet
Use in water-retention cement pit through the aeration water of more than 7 days, and with the bolting silk net filtration of 100 mesh, under fry, pond intakes in culturing pool for first 3 days, and initial depth of water 1-1.2m adds 0.2-0.3m later every day, water 0.2-0.3m is still overlapped every day after reaching depth of water 1.7-1.8m, the water of cistern is maintained at following condition: dissolved oxygen should be at 5-8mg/L, and pH is 6.8-8.5, water temperature 20-25 DEG C, ammonia nitrogen concentration≤0.05mg/L, sub-nitrogen concentration≤0.01mg/L；
(2) seed rearing
Fish for wild seed from the Changjiang river, seed is identified, sterilization, rejects small fish, the seed of vigor difference；The long 3-5cm of selective body, the cutter long-tailed anchovy that size is close, vigor is good；Selecting and to operate by band water, action is wanted quickly, carefully；
After the seed of select is put into the 10min that sterilizes in preprepared 5 ‰ saline solution, connecting water with basin and scoop to culturing pool, cultivation density is 15-18 tail/m3；
(3) raise
After fry enters pond, the next morning starts the biological feeds such as cladocera, Copepods, rotifers of throwing something and feeding；Every morning 8 and at 5 in evening throw something and feed, and density of throwing something and feeding is 5-8ind./ml；By bait first with 5 ‰ saline solutions sterilization 2-3min before throwing something and feeding, then with the bolting silk net filtration of 40 mesh, removing macroplankton；Bait feeding accomplish fixed point, regularly, determine matter, quantitative；
When fry growth is to the long 10-14cm of body, body weight 6-10g, carry out a point pond；First water in culturing pool being emitted into about 0.3m during point pond, then go in preprepared culturing pool by a part of fry basin band water, controlling the breeding density behind point pond is 10-15 tail/m3；
Bait selects powder mixed feed, stir evenly with a small amount of water, the little group more than pinching into Semen phaseoli radiati size throws something and feeds, day feeding volume is the 2-3% of total fish weight: add Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) bimester of front in bait, the density of throwing something and feeding of Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) is 3-5ind./ml, and before throwing something and feeding, Macrobrachium nipponensis or Macrobrachium nipponensis(de Haan) must be first with 5 ‰ saline solution sterilization 2-3min；First three day bait also needs add 5%Vc；Throw something and feed bimester after mixed feed；
Periodically check water quality index reading, and inspect the index such as ammonia nitrogen, sub-nitrogen concentration by random samples；Excreta at the bottom of periodic cleaning culturing pool；Often within 3-4 days, changing a water, quantity of exchanged water is in culturing pool the 1/3 of the water yield；
4) results adult fish: when average weight reaches 120-150g/ tail, harvesting.
Hairtail warmhouse booth large-scale ecological cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the described choosing source degree of depth is the deep-well subsoil water of more than 30m.
Hairtail warmhouse booth large-scale ecological cultural method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described powder mixed feed is eel compound feed.
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| CN106605619A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-03 | 庞倩媚 | Globefish breeding method and device |
| CN107173271A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-19 | 镇江江之源渔业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River scale breeding |
| CN107306861A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-03 | 舒城县万佛湖渔业总公司 | A kind of biological feed feeds the cultural method of fish seedling |
| CN107347744A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏中也食品进出口有限公司 | A kind of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River pond breeding method |
| CN109342684A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | A kind of rainbow trout breeding environment release system and its Environment release method for the detection of nucleic acid vaccine Environment release |
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