CN108477028A - A kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method - Google Patents
A kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108477028A CN108477028A CN201810116750.3A CN201810116750A CN108477028A CN 108477028 A CN108477028 A CN 108477028A CN 201810116750 A CN201810116750 A CN 201810116750A CN 108477028 A CN108477028 A CN 108477028A
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252203 Clupea harengus Species 0.000 description 1
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- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001110084 Hilsa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000947101 Maccullochella peelii Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing methods, including establish fry rearing system and fry cultivating process stage by stage；Fry rearing system includes multiple culture ponds being arranged in parallel in water circulation processing system；Cultivating process includes following several stages to fry stage by stage：0~15 age in days fry opening is cultivated, 15~30 age in days fries temporarily cultivate by foster cultivation, 30~45 age in days fry transit acclimatization cultures, 45~90 age in days fry rearings, later stage.The present invention makes culture pond water quality easily controllable by fry rearing system, facilitates disease prevention and control and management, reduces the probability of disease infection fry by the gross, substantially increases the survival rate of fry rearing.Cultivating process greatly improves Australia dragon design spot survival rate of fish fry, aperture opening ratio and into pond survival rate the fry stage by stage, obtains higher productivity effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, are specifically related to a kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing side
Method.
Background technology
Australia dragon design spot (Maccullochella peelii), also known as black auspicious cod, river cod, river blackfish, Australia fresh water river blackfish
Deng China's Mainland is known as Australia dragon design spot, worm line river blackfish or worm line lithosporic, originates in the auspicious Darling R. stream of Australian southeast ink
Domain is one of the water warm freshwater fish of the main artificial propagation in four kinds of Australia.Its meat is solid, white and delicate, delicious flavour, nothing
Fishy smell, and the unique perfume for having one light, meat tenderness thorn is few, contains four kinds of abundant amino acid and EPA and DHA, nutritive value
It is quite high, it is known as " national treasure fish " laudatory title in Australia.The cultivation of China's Australia dragon design spot is also in the elementary step, only in Zhejiang
There are a small number of enterprise's experiment cultivation in river, Fujian, Anhui, a small amount of to sell, and are not widely popularized, domestic and international market space is huge.
Currently, the cultural technique of China's Australia dragon design spot there is a problem of it is very much, especially in fry cultivation stage, generally
That there is survival rates is too low, bait feeding is improper, culture pond management is lack of standardization, disease cannot be prevented reasonably in time etc. asks
Topic, so as to cause Australia dragon design spot fry incidence is high, survival rate is low, deficiency in economic performance leads to cultivated Australia dragon design in turn
Spot cannot be satisfied the market demand.Patent application 201610092394.7 discloses a kind of breeding method of Australia dragon design spot fry,
That there are survival rate of fish fry in implementation process is low for this method, and the speed of growth is slow, turns the problems such as bait success rate is low, in addition in culture pond
Water quality is unable to get stability contorting, this is also an important factor for causing the above problem to generate.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing methods.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, present invention employs following technical schemes：
A kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method：It is trained stage by stage including establishing fry rearing system and fry
Educate process；
The fry rearing system includes multiple culture ponds being arranged in parallel in water circulation processing system；
Cultivating process includes following several stages to the fry stage by stage：
1,0~15 age in days fry of stage opening is cultivated：The fry newly hatched is put into culture pond, water level in culture pond
0.25~0.35m, cultivation density 2.3~2.7 ten thousand tails/m of fry in culture pond2；0~4 age in days fry without bait feeding, 4~
15 age in days fries are open using animal bait, and the animal bait is fed 10~14 times daily, per day feeding volume etc.
It is same as fry total weight；
2,15~30 age in days fry of stage is temporarily supported and cultivates：0.8~1.2m of water level in culture pond is controlled, fry in culture pond
Cultivation density 2.3~2.7 ten thousand tails/m2, continue to feed animal bait, feed daily 10~14 times, fry is accounted for per day feeding volume
The 45~55% of total weight；
3,30~45 age in days fry transit acclimatization culture of stage：Control 0.8~1.2m of water level, culture pond in the culture pond
Cultivation density 1.0~1.2 ten thousand tails/m of interior fry2, it starts simultaneously at and feeds mixed fodder, feed daily 10~14 times, it is described mixed
It closes feed to be made of animal bait and artifical compound feed, the feeding volume of the animal bait is according to original during feeding
The ratio of feeding volume 10~20% is reduced by day to 0, the feeding volume of the artifical compound feed according to final feeding volume 10~
20% ratio is increased by 0 by day；The original feeding volume of the animal bait accounts for the 45~55% of fry total weight, the people
The final feeding volume of work mixed feed accounts for the 4~6% of fry total weight；
4,45~90 age in days fry rearing of stage：0.8~1.2m of water level in culture pond is controlled, the cultivation of fry in culture pond
Density is to 0.5~0.7 ten thousand tails/m2, while artifical compound feed is fed, it feeds daily 10~12 times, fry is accounted for per day feeding volume
The 3~4% of total weight；
Stage 5, later stage cultivate：1.1~1.3m of water level in culture pond is controlled, the cultivation density 0.03 of fry in culture pond~
0.04 ten thousand tails/m2, while feeding artifical compound feed, feed daily 10~12 times, accounted for per day feeding volume fry total weight 3~
4%；
Water environment is in culture pond in the 1~stage of stage 5：16~20 DEG C of water temperature, PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content are small
In 0.01mg/L, dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L；The daily water internal circulating load of culture pond accounts for 8~10% of total Water in culture pond.
Further embodiment, the animal bait are fairy shrimp.
Further embodiment, the stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, the fry number in stage 4 and stage 5 in each culture pond
Amount control is in 2~30,000 tails, and the culture pond used in the stage 1 is made of rectangular slot, the stage 2, the stage 3, the stage 4
The middle culture pond used is made of circular trough respectively, and the culture pond used in the stage 5 is made of cement pit.
Further embodiment carries out sewage treatment after being fed every time in the stage 5 to the culture pond.
Further embodiment, the culture pond upstream are equipped with the water filling branch pipe of the water filling into the culture pond, the cultivation
Pond downstream is equipped with drainpipe, the drainpipe be vertically provided at the culture pond bottom surface and the drainpipe side offer into
Water hole, the drainpipe is interior to be equipped with the excessive comb being mounted at culture pond bottom drain holes, and the excessive comb upper end forms overflow
Mouthful, the height of the overflow port is concordant with the culture pond water surface, and the screen cloth for preventing fry from escaping is equipped at the inlet opening；It is described
When culture pond is made of rectangular slot, the water filling branch pipe includes being equipped with multiple apopores and flute pipe closed at both ends, the flute
Pipe setting is in described culture pond one end and vertical with the culture pond length direction；When the culture pond is made of circular trough, institute
It states water filling branch pipe water outlet front end and forms the elbow structure that can axially carry out 360 degree rotation around water filling branch pipe, the elbow structure
It is arranged at the culture pond edge.
Further embodiment, the excessive comb outlet are connected to blow down branch corresponding with the culture pond or return water branch
Pipe, the blow down branch are connected to biological purifying tank by blowdown manifold；The water circulation processing system includes along water (flow) direction
Return branch, return main, water treatment unit, water storage box, injection manifold and the water filling branch pipe being sequentially arranged.
Further embodiment, when the culture pond is made of rectangular slot, the culture pond bottom surface is from one end to the other end
It is obliquely installed and angle of inclination is 5~10 degree, the flute pipe is located at described higher one end in culture pond bottom surface, the drainpipe position
In described lower one end in culture pond bottom surface；When the culture pond is made of circular trough, the culture pond bottom surface is from edge in
Between tiltedly setting and angle of inclination is 3~5 degree, the elbow structure is located at the culture pond edge, and the drainpipe is described in
Among culture pond.
Further embodiment, the water filling branch water inlet tube front end are equipped with water regulating valve；The blow down branch is equipped with the
One control valve, the return branch are equipped with the second control valve.
Further embodiment, the culture pond is interior to be equipped with the gas tube being oxygenated into culture pond, the gas tube and equipment
Between air pump be connected.
Further embodiment, the rectangular slot and circular trough are located at multiple arranged for interval and make culture pond bottom surface
On hanging pier base；The rectangular slot and circular trough material are black glass steel, and the drainpipe, comb material of overflowing are
PVC。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) present invention is according to fry hatching situation, and has done sth. in advance fry opening compared with the prior art and fed animality
The time of bait, which greatly enhances the survival rates of dragon design spot fry.The breeding method of traditional dragon design spot fry make fry at
Motility rate only has 70~80%, and the invention enables dragon design spot survival rate of fish fry to be increased to 95%.I.e. when fry reaches 30 age in days
Transit domestication is proceeded by, has done sth. in advance the transit domestication time, has improved the speed of growth of dragon design spot fry.In addition the present invention passes through
The slowly ratio of adjustment mixed feed, transit tame time lengthening to 15 days or so, improve the success rate of transit domestication, once
Property turns the successful fry ratio of bait up to 85% or more, and survival rate is 90% or more, in fry rearing to 90 age in days, weight
Up to 30~40g, the present invention greatly reduces the rear current cost of dragon design spot fry rearing under the premise of ensureing survival rate.The present invention
The specification for improving commercialization fry makes raiser buy the survival rate cultivated after fry and greatly improves, increases culture efficiency.
(2) the present invention provides a kind of factory fry culture system, culture pond combination therein can be tens
A small-sized monomer culture pond is set up through parallel connection, and compared with prior art, the present invention can carry out efficient water quality to single culture pond
Regulation and control and management operation, realize the factory management of seedling cultivation, substantially increase the efficiency and benefit of fry rearing, further
It ensure that the survival rate of dragon design spot fry.The present invention makes each culture pond respectively constitute a cultivation unit, facilitates disease anti-
Control and management, reduce the probability of disease infection fry by the gross, substantially increase the survival rate of fry rearing.
Fry rearing is carried out using industrial circulating water system in the present invention, subtracts quantity of exchanged water early period, and keep water temperature, salt
Degree, ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen physical and chemical factor are stablized, and effectively reduce the growth differences between seed, that is, improve the consistent of seed size
Property.
(3) Australia dragon design spot fry happiness the moon, photophobia, rectangular slot and circular trough used in the present invention are inner wall black
Glass steel material, the material is opaque, this provides good light protected environment for the growth of dragon design spot fry, is conducive to the training of fry
It educates and grows.Entire fry rearing process uses different breeding grooves respectively according to the size and upgrowth situation of fry, such as
In the stage 1, Australia dragon design spot fry just hatches, and needs stable water environment, flow velocity cannot be too fast, selects rectangle
Slot, the water inlet of rectangular slot one end, the fry growth in this stage of architecture of other end water outlet and survival, and facilitate observation young
The development of fish and travelling situation, can develop for Australia dragon design spot larvae growth and provide stable Lentic environment, be conducive to Larval
With raising survival rate.And circular trough is since the circulating property of water is strong compared to rectangular slot, more conducively build
Slightly larger fry survives, such as the fry in the stage 2,3,4.It can according to the sum of fry in cultivation density and each culture pond
To learn, the rectangular slot, the circular trough of 3 kinds of different sizes and large-scale cement pond, each stage are all according to fry
Particular condition selects the type of culture pond, this makes the specification of fry more unified；In addition, avoiding frequent point pond, reduce
To the stress stimulation of fry, be conducive to growth and the survival rate of fry.
(4) the multiple culture ponds of the present invention can be used in parallel, is suitble to fry factory management.The culture pond is for fish
When seedling is cultivated, the water in the culture pond can form flow regime and may be implemented to filter by water circulation processing system, kill
Bacterium, oxygenation, precipitation, this provides excellent aquatic environment for the cultivation of fry, reduces disease, improve surviving for fry
Rate and the speed of growth.Water level is controllable when the culture pond uses, and when water level is excessively high, the water being more than can be from the water inlet of drainpipe
Hole enters in drainpipe, and enters the comb that overflows by the overflow port for comb upper end of overflowing, and then culture pond is discharged.The drainpipe and
On the one hand the setting of excessive comb can prevent fry from being escaped from by drainpipe, the comb that overflows, on the other hand can effectively reduce draining
Flow velocity, and then reduce flow when draining and the impact damage of fry is conducive to improve the survival rate of fry.
(5) flute Guan Nengrang water fillings flow of the present invention is uniformly flowed into culture pond by rectangular slot one end, forms miniflow
Water environment ensures that culture pond water environment is stablized.The culture pond inclined bottom surface that the rectangular slot is constituted is arranged that form one end high by one
Low structure is held, which makes the dirts such as superfine small remaining bait, subtle excrement in seedling raising process be easy to be concentrated in
Lowest point, and culture pond is discharged from the osculum of culture pond lowest point.
(6) elbow structure of the present invention can control direction and the flow velocity size of water filling flow, form miniflow water environment, protect
Culture pond water environment is demonstrate,proved to stablize.The culture pond inclined bottom surface that the circular trough is constituted is arranged to form edge senior middle school between low structure,
The structure makes in seedling raising process the dirts such as superfine small remaining bait, subtle excrement be easy to be concentrated in lowest point, and from
Culture pond is discharged in the osculum of lowest point among culture pond.
(7) water in culture pond of the present invention is successively through comb, return branch, return main, water treatment unit, the storage of overflowing
Water tank, injection manifold and water filling branch pipe form cycle.The present invention can be quick using the first control valve and the second control valve
Switch open type cultivation pattern and enclosed water cycling aquaculture model.That is the first control valve is opened, the second control valve closes, then is opening
Formula aquaculture model；First control valve closes, the second control valve is opened, then is enclosed water cycling aquaculture model.The present invention it is easy to operate,
Administrative convenience has been saved and has used water, improved culture efficiency.
(8) each individual culture pond has valve control water inlet, return water and blowdown in the present invention, can prevent from cultivating
Disease between pond infects, management regulation, safely controllable, reduces pollution.Using being followed into draining for factory fry culture pond
Ring processing system cultivates, and supplements new water day less than 10% of total Water in culture pond, changes water with tradition or flowing water culture compares,
Water-saving amount reaches 90% or more；More importantly greatly reduce the temperature control energy consumption in breeding process, energy saving 70% or more.This hair
It is bright provide a kind of factory fry culture pond into discharge cycle processing system, culture pond combination therein is tens
Small-sized monomer culture pond is set up through parallel connection, and compared with traditional major comonomer aquaculture pond, the present invention can carry out single culture pond high
The regulating and controlling water quality of effect and management operate, and realize the factory management of seedling cultivation.
(9) flow that the present invention is formed by the water circulation processing system, gas tube and water filling of batch production, can be abundant
Ensure that the water in culture pond is in high dissolved oxygen, the present invention realizes the cultivation of Australia dragon design spot fry batch production high density, it is seen that fish
Seedling cultivate effect it is notable.It is the configuration of the present invention is simple, easy-to-use, it is management regulation, controllable, reduce pollution, has saved with water,
Improve culture efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is rectangular slot structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is round slot structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that this culture pond is connected in parallel on the structural schematic diagram in water circulation processing system.
The meaning of label symbol is as follows in figure：
10- culture pond 11- drainpipe 12- inlet opening 13- overflow comb
14- overflow port 15- pier base 21- water filling branch pipes
21a- flute pipe 21b- elbow structure 22a- blow down branch 22b- return branch
23a- blowdown manifold 23b- return main's 24- biological purifying tanks
25- water treatment unit 26- water storage box 27- injection manifolds
28a- the first control valve 28b- the second control valve 29- water regulating valves
Specific implementation mode
More specific detail is made to technical solution of the present invention with reference to embodiment：
1, about fry rearing system
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1,2,4：The present invention includes multiple culture ponds 10 being arranged in parallel in water circulation processing system, described
10 upstream of culture pond is equipped with the water filling branch pipe 21 of the water filling into the culture pond 10, and 10 downstream of the culture pond is equipped with drainpipe
11, the drainpipe 11 is vertically provided at the culture pond bottom surface and the side of the drainpipe 11 and offers inlet opening 12, institute
The excessive comb 13 for being equipped with and being mounted at culture pond bottom drain holes in drainpipe 11 is stated, 13 upper end of excessive comb forms overflow port
14, the height of the overflow port 14 is concordant with 10 water surface of culture pond, and the net for preventing fry from escaping is equipped at the inlet opening 12
Cloth.The screen cloth specification：6~8 mesh, can play prevents fry from entering in drainpipe 11 from inlet opening 12.
The drainpipe 11,13 material of comb of overflowing are PVC, the diameter 0.12m of the excessive comb, 13 upper end of excessive comb
Overflow port flushed with the water surface in culture pond, the excessive comb 13 is connected to water return pipeline and blowdown in water circulation processing system
Pipeline, the excessive comb 13 have draining, blowdown and the effect for collecting fry concurrently.
When the culture pond 10 is made of rectangular slot, the water filling branch pipe 21 includes being equipped with multiple apopores and two end seals
The flute pipe 21a closed, the flute pipe 21a settings are in 10 one end of the culture pond and vertical with 10 length direction of the culture pond；Institute
State 10 bottom surface of culture pond be obliquely installed from one end to the other end and angle of inclination be 5~10 degree, the flute pipe 21a is located at the training
The higher one end in 10 bottom surface of pond is educated, the drainpipe 11 is located at described lower one end in culture pond bottom surface.
The gas tube being oxygenated into culture pond, the air pump phase of the gas tube and equipment room are equipped in the culture pond 10
Even.Gas in gas tube is supplied by the air pump mounted on equipment room, and air volume regulating valve is equipped on the gas tube.It is described
Gas tube is used for the gas needed for multiple coupled logical pneumatic head supplies, its air inlet is connected with air source, inflates
One end of head, which is stretched into, cultivates in water so that Xiang Shuizhong supplements air, can increase water oxygen level when water source dissolved oxygen deficiency.
The culture pond 10 is located at multiple arranged for interval and makes on the hanging pier base 15 in culture pond bottom surface, is convenient for pipeline
Design, adjustment, be also convenient for culture pond 10 installation, dismounting.10 material of the culture pond is fiberglass, appearance and size：Long 2.0m
× wide 0.6m × high 0.4m.
As shown in Figure 4：The outlet of excessive comb 13 is connected to blow down branch 22a corresponding with the culture pond or return water branch
Pipe 22b, the blow down branch 22a are connected to biological purifying tank 24 by blowdown manifold 23a；The water circulation processing system includes
Return branch 22b, return main 23b, water treatment unit 25, water storage box 26, the injection manifold 27 being sequentially arranged along water (flow) direction
And the water filling branch pipe 21.The water filling branch pipe 21 intakes front end equipped with water regulating valve 29.It is set on the blow down branch 22a
There is the first control valve 28a, the return branch 22b to be equipped with the second control valve 28b.
Multiple rectangular slots simultaneously be mounted on the same interior, the water filling branch pipe 21 with batch production water circular treatment system
System is connected, and gas tube is connected with main snorkel, and the gas in main snorkel is by the air pump gas supply mounted on equipment room, gas supply
Pressure adjustable.The fry for having particular/special requirement to water temperature for some, can also install electric heater unit in water circulation processing system
Deng guarantee water source temperature.Fry rearing water is marked in fry rearing pond 10,13 bottom of excessive comb is osculum, top
For spout hole 14.Water filling branch pipe 21 is for the water that injection matches with cultivated fry into fry rearing pond and supplement cultivating process
Middle water be lost, 21 water outlet of water filling branch pipe are located at the top in fry rearing pond, in 21 water inlet front end of water filling branch pipe
Water inlet switch (water regulating valve 29) is installed；Gas tube is used for the gas needed for multiple coupled logical pneumatic head supplies
Body, its air inlet are connected with air source (main snorkel), and one end of pneumatic head is stretched into water so that Xiang Shuizhong supplements air, is increased
Add oxygen content, air volume regulating valve is installed to adjust air demand on gas tube.The comb 13 that overflows is mounted on culture pond lower
On osculum, the vertical drain 11 being fabricated to by pvc pipe, 11 external application electric drill of drainpipe drills out several inlet openings 12, and net is used in combination
The screen cloth of 6~8 mesh of mesh wraps up, and prevents fry from escaping, and screen cloth will be by observing water yield periodic replacement and cleaning in anti-water-stop body
Impurity and worm for fishing block.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3：As different from Example 1：When the culture pond 10 is made of circular trough, the water filling branch pipe 21
Water outlet front end forms the elbow structure 21b that 360 degree rotation can be axially carried out around water filling branch pipe, the elbow structure 21b settings
At the culture pond edge.From edge to centre, tiltedly setting and angle of inclination are 3~5 degree for the culture pond bottom surface, the elbow
Structure 21b is located at the culture pond edge, and the drainpipe 11 is located among the culture pond.The circular trough appearance and size：
φ 1.0m × high 1.0m.
Multiple circular troughs are mounted on the same interior simultaneously, and multiple circular troughs pass through pipe with batch production water circulation processing system
Road is connected, and can carry out seedling cultivation on a large scale；The depth of water is maintained at 0.8m in circular trough, forms the cloudy life of Australia dragon design spot happiness
Long environment, each culture pond can launch the tail of Australia dragon design spot fry 3~50,000, carry out high density fry rearing.
Applied experiments are carried out to Australia dragon design spot fry rearing using the present invention, 20 culture ponds are set in the present invention
10, it needs to control at 16~22 DEG C breeding water during cultivation, at cultivation initial stage, 10~15 DEG C of natural temperature, in order to save
Aquaculture cost is saved, the first control valve 28a on blow down branch 22a is closed, using enclosed water cycling aquaculture model, in nursery stage
Between carry out water quality detection, for PH 7.5~8.5, dissolved oxygen 7mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.02mg/L, is fully able to meet Australia dragon
The needs of line spot fry rearing.During forming in the later stage, since natural temperature disclosure satisfy that cultivation needs, and blowdown is needed,
Therefore the second control valve 28b on return branch 22b is closed, using open type cultivation pattern.In addition, being supported in enclosed water cycling
It grows in pattern, as when fry infects germ or needs blowdown in a certain culture pond 10, can individually closed returning for this culture pond 10
The second control valve 28b on water branch pipe 22b opens the first control valve 28a on blow down branch 22a, can make remaining culture pond not
It is contaminated.The present invention realizes that Australia dragon design spot survival rate of fish fry up to 80% or more, obtains higher economic benefit, the present invention is same
It can also carry out using in the industrial aquaculture of other famous-brand and high-quality fish such as hilsa herring, river Puffer.
2, about fry cultivating process stage by stage
Cultivating process includes following several stages to fry stage by stage：
1,0~15 age in days fry of stage opening is cultivated：The fry newly hatched is put into the culture pond of rectangular slot composition,
The rectangular slot appearance and size is：Long 2.0m × wide 0.6m × high 0.4m, the fry quantity in rectangular slot are controlled 2~3
Ten thousand tails, 0.25~0.35m of water level in culture pond, cultivation density 2.3~2.7 ten thousand tails/m of fry in culture pond2.Cultivate pool inner water
Environment is：16~20 DEG C of water temperature, PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content are less than 0.01mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L；Culture pond is every
Day water internal circulating load accounts for 8~10% of total Water in culture pond.0~4 age in days fry utilizes without bait feeding, 4~15 age in days fries
Animal bait (fairy shrimp) is open, and the animal bait is fed 10~14 times daily, is equal to fish per day feeding volume
Seedling total weight.
Australia dragon design spot prelarva overall length after being cultivated by the stage 1 is 1.2~1.5cm, 0.2~0.5g of weight, fish
Seedling is open and survival rate reaches 95% or more.Opening time is not easy too early or too late, if feeding open-mouthed bait too early, not only
Fry is too small can not to feed and also result in culture pond water degradation, and unfavorable instead to the development of fry, fry is by internal
The nutrition of yolk bag can be for the nutritional need of own growth；If feeding open-mouthed bait too late, yolk bag in fry body
Nutrient consumption it is complete, be also unfavorable for fry growth, usually dragon design spot fry has begun travelling of scattering, then must throw immediately
Feed open-mouthed bait.
2,15~30 age in days fry of stage is temporarily supported and cultivates：Fry is transferred in the culture pond of circular trough composition, the circle
Slot appearance and size is：φ 1.0m × high 1.0m, the fry quantity control in the circular trough are controlled in 2~30,000 tails in culture pond
0.8~1.2m of water level, cultivation density 2.3~2.7 ten thousand tails/m of fry in culture pond2.Water environment is in culture pond：Water temperature 16~
20 DEG C, PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.01mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L；The daily water internal circulating load of culture pond accounts for cultivation
The 8~10% of total Water in pond.Continue to feed animal bait, feed daily 10~14 times, fry gross weight is accounted for per day feeding volume
The 45~55% of amount.Australia dragon design spot prelarva overall length is 1.5~1.9cm, 0.8~1.4g of weight after this stage cultivates.
3,30~45 age in days fry transit acclimatization culture of stage：Fry, which is transferred to appearance and size, is：φ 1.5m × high 1.2m
The culture pond that constitutes of circular trough in, fry quantity in the circular trough is controlled in 2~30,000 tails, is controlled in the culture pond
0.8~1.2m of water level, cultivation density 1.0~1.2 ten thousand tails/m of fry in culture pond2.Water environment is in culture pond：Water temperature 16~
20 DEG C, PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than 0.01mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L；The daily water internal circulating load of culture pond accounts for cultivation
The 8~10% of total Water in pond.It starts simultaneously at and feeds mixed fodder, feed daily 10~14 times, the mixed fodder is by animal
Property bait and artifical compound feed constitute, feed during the animal bait feeding volume according to original feeding volume 10~
20% ratio is reduced by day to 0, and the feeding volume of the artifical compound feed is according to the ratio of final feeding volume 10~20% by 0
Increase by day；The original feeding volume of the animal bait accounts for the 45~55% of fry total weight, the artifical compound feed
Final feeding volume accounts for the 4~6% of fry total weight.In this stage, after fry body is up to 3cm, fry is divided by body length
Grade, while apparent small and weak and lopsided postlarva is eliminated, postlarva is stopped eating 1 day before classification, to reduce postlarva stress reaction.
4,45~90 age in days fry rearing of stage：Fry, which is transferred to appearance and size, is：The circular trough of φ 2.0m × high 1.3m
In the culture pond of composition, the control of fry quantity in the circular trough in 2~30,000 tails, control water level 0.8 in culture pond~
1.2m, the cultivation density of fry is to 0.5~0.7 ten thousand tails/m in culture pond2.Water environment is in culture pond：16~20 DEG C of water temperature,
PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content are less than 0.01mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is more than 6mg/L；The daily water internal circulating load of culture pond accounts in culture pond
The 8~10% of total Water.Artifical compound feed is fed simultaneously, is fed daily 10~12 times, fry total weight is accounted for per day feeding volume
3~4%.It is cultivated by this stage, Australia dragon design spot fish fry specification is 30~40g up to 10~12cm, weight, and fry survives
Rate reaches 95%.
Stage 5, later stage cultivate：Fry is transferred in the culture pond of cement pit composition, cement pit appearance and size is：φ2.0m
× high 1.3m, bottom of pond is to centroclinal, the gradient 3%, and there is an osculum at pond center, diameter 15cm, the fry number in the culture pond
It measures and controls 1.1~1.3m of water level in 2~30,000 tails, control culture pond, cultivation density 0.03~0.04 ten thousand of fry in culture pond
Tail/m2.Water environment is in culture pond：16~20 DEG C of water temperature, PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content are less than 0.01mg/L, and dissolved oxygen is big
In 6mg/L；The daily water internal circulating load of culture pond accounts for 8~10% of total Water in culture pond.Artifical compound feed is fed simultaneously, daily
It feeds 10~12 times, the 3~4% of fry total weight is accounted for per day feeding volume.This stage cement pit has valve control water inlet, return water
And blowdown, and micro-pore oxygenation technology is used, microporous aeration disc is installed in each pond, ensures that water-soluble oxygen is not less than 7mg/L.This rank
Section carries out blowdown to fry rearing pond daily, and blowdown number is equal with number is fed.Fry is averaged during 10~15cm of body length, often
20 days or so point seedlings, seedling separation interval number of days, which gradually increases the body until seed is averaged and grows, later reaches 15cm.Seedling separation utilizes
It is of different sizes and separate the fry of different size to go up sieve diameter according to different seedling separations sieve for seedling separation sieve.This stage cultivation 40~
60 days, you can obtain Australia dragon design spot fingerling, 70~100g of average weight, you can carry out large-scale industrialized cultivation.In addition,
Cultivation popularization can be carried out, the fingerling of raiser's purchase is large size fingerling, improves the survival rate and culture efficiency of cultivation.
Culture and collection about fairy shrimp：Indoor culture fairy shrimp uses fiberglass sink, and sink is washed, is added
Enter culture water, 28 ± 1 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 20 ‰~25 ‰, fairy shrimp bait is chlorella, is fed daily twice, according to one
The ingest daily amount of 300,000 cell pellet algaes of tail fairy shrimp is fed, and daily ration, feeding quantity can be adjusted according to water colour, light after each bait throwing in
Light stirring, increases dissolved oxygen in water, and by the culture of 3~5d, it is i.e. collectable spare that fairy shrimp density reaches 400~600/ml.
In the mixed feed, protein content is 45~55%, and fat content accounts for 15~25%, mineral complex
Additive amount be 8~10%, the additive amount of vitamin is 2~5%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method：It is cultivated stage by stage including establishing fry rearing system and fry
Process；
The fry rearing system includes multiple culture ponds (10) being arranged in parallel in water circulation processing system；
Cultivating process includes following several stages to the fry stage by stage：
1,0~15 age in days fry of stage opening is cultivated：The fry newly hatched is put into culture pond, water level 0.25 in culture pond~
0.35m, cultivation density 2.3~2.7 ten thousand tails/m of fry in culture pond2；0~4 age in days fry is without bait feeding, 4~15 ages in days
Fry is open using animal bait, and the animal bait is fed 10~14 times daily, is equal to fish per day feeding volume
Seedling total weight；
2,15~30 age in days fry of stage is temporarily supported and cultivates：0.8~1.2m of water level in culture pond is controlled, the cultivation of fry in culture pond
Density 2.3~2.7 ten thousand tails/m2, continue to feed animal bait, feed daily 10~14 times, fry gross weight is accounted for per day feeding volume
The 45~55% of amount；
3,30~45 age in days fry transit acclimatization culture of stage：Control 0.8~1.2m of water level in the culture pond, fish in culture pond
Cultivation density 1.0~1.2 ten thousand tails/m of seedling2, start simultaneously at and feed mixed fodder, feed daily 10~14 times, the mixing is raised
Material is made of animal bait and artifical compound feed, and the feeding volume of the animal bait is fed according to original during feeding
The ratio of amount 10~20% is reduced by day to 0, and the feeding volume of the artifical compound feed is according to final feeding volume 10~20%
Ratio is increased by 0 by day；The original feeding volume of the animal bait accounts for the 45~55% of fry total weight, the hand fit
The final feeding volume of feed accounts for the 4~6% of fry total weight；
4,45~90 age in days fry rearing of stage：0.8~1.2m of water level in culture pond is controlled, the cultivation density of fry in culture pond
To 0.5~0.7 ten thousand tails/m2, while artifical compound feed is fed, it feeds daily 10~12 times, fry gross weight is accounted for per day feeding volume
The 3~4% of amount；
Stage 5, later stage cultivate：1.1~1.3m of water level in culture pond is controlled, the cultivation density 0.03~0.04 of fry in culture pond
Ten thousand tails/m2, while artifical compound feed is fed, it feeds daily 10~12 times, the 3~4% of fry total weight is accounted for per day feeding volume；
Water environment is in culture pond in the 1~stage of stage 5：16~20 DEG C of water temperature, PH7.5~8.5, ammonia-nitrogen content is less than
0.01mg/L, dissolved oxygen are more than 6mg/L；The daily water internal circulating load of culture pond accounts for 8~10% of total Water in culture pond.
2. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The animal bait
For fairy shrimp.
3. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The stage 1, stage
2, stage 3, the fry quantity in stage 4 and stage 5 in each culture pond is controlled in 2~30,000 tails, is used in the stage 1
Culture pond is made of rectangular slot, the stage 2, the stage 3, and the culture pond used in the stage 4 is made of circular trough respectively, described
The culture pond used in stage 5 is made of cement pit.
4. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is every in the stage 5
It is secondary feed after to the culture pond carry out sewage treatment.
5. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The culture pond (10)
Upstream is equipped with the water filling branch pipe (21) to the culture pond (10) interior water filling, and culture pond (10) downstream is equipped with drainpipe
(11), the drainpipe (11) is vertically provided at the culture pond bottom surface and the side of the drainpipe (11) and offers inlet opening
(12), the excessive comb (13) being mounted at culture pond bottom drain holes, the excessive comb (13) are equipped in the drainpipe (11)
Upper end forms overflow port (14), and the height of the overflow port (14) is concordant with culture pond (10) water surface, at the inlet opening (12)
The screen cloth for preventing fry from escaping is installed；When the culture pond (10) is made of rectangular slot, the water filling branch pipe (21) includes
Equipped with multiple apopores and flute pipe (21a) closed at both ends, flute pipe (21a) setting the culture pond (10) one end and with
Culture pond (10) length direction is vertical；When the culture pond (10) is made of circular trough, water filling branch pipe (21) water outlet
Front end forms the elbow structure (21b) that 360 degree rotation can be axially carried out around water filling branch pipe, elbow structure (21b) setting
At the culture pond edge.
6. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The excessive comb (13)
Outlet is connected to blow down branch (22a) corresponding with the culture pond or return branch (22b), and the blow down branch (22a) is logical
It crosses blowdown manifold (23a) and is connected to biological purifying tank (24)；The water circulation processing system includes being sequentially arranged along water (flow) direction
Return branch (22b), return main (23b), water treatment unit (25), water storage box (26), injection manifold (27) and described
Water filling branch pipe (21).
7. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The culture pond (10)
When being made of rectangular slot, culture pond (10) bottom surface is obliquely installed from one end to the other end and angle of inclination is 5~10 degree,
The flute pipe (21a) is located at the culture pond (10) higher one end in bottom surface, and the drainpipe (11) is located at the culture pond bottom
The lower one end in face；When the culture pond (10) is made of circular trough, the culture pond bottom surface from edge to intermediate tiltedly setting and
Angle of inclination is 3~5 degree, and the elbow structure (21b) is located at the culture pond edge, and the drainpipe (11) is located at the training
It educates among pond.
8. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The water filling branch pipe
(21) water inlet front end is equipped with water regulating valve (29)；The blow down branch (22a) be equipped with the first control valve (28a), described time
Water branch pipe (22b) is equipped with the second control valve (28b).
9. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The culture pond (10)
It is interior equipped with the gas tube being oxygenated into culture pond, the gas tube is connected with the air pump of equipment room.
10. Australia dragon design spot fry factory culturing method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The rectangular slot
And circular trough is located at multiple arranged for interval and makes on the hanging pier base (15) in culture pond bottom surface；The rectangular slot and
Circular trough material is black glass steel, and the drainpipe (11), comb (13) material of overflowing are PVC.
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Application publication date: 20180904 |