CN109349189A - A kind of shellfish of wave driving feeds cultivation apparatus and cultural method automatically - Google Patents
A kind of shellfish of wave driving feeds cultivation apparatus and cultural method automatically Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109349189A CN109349189A CN201811423028.0A CN201811423028A CN109349189A CN 109349189 A CN109349189 A CN 109349189A CN 201811423028 A CN201811423028 A CN 201811423028A CN 109349189 A CN109349189 A CN 109349189A
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- buoyancy tank
- bait
- shellfish
- net cage
- cultivates
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- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003711 photoprotective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 13
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 11
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000237516 Mizuhopecten yessoensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shellfishes of wave driving to feed cultivation apparatus and cultural method automatically, and described device includes that bait cultivates buoyancy tank, common buoyancy tank and aquaculture net cage, wherein the cabinet two sides that bait cultivates buoyancy tank are equipped with the common buoyancy tank;Hang the aquaculture net cage in the common buoyancy tank lower part;The top of the box that the bait cultivates buoyancy tank is arranged light transmission protective net, is divided into 3 regions by partition inside case, intermediate region is main raising chamber, and two side areas is to feed room;The main raising chamber bottom be equipped with bait can not by permeable filter screen, the permeable filter screen extend to it is described feed room bottom, feed room bottom and be additionally provided with unidirectionally through door, be connected by pipeline with the aquaculture net cage.Energy consumption is reduced compared with the type of rearing of land, simplifies shellfish culture process, illumination is sufficient and adjustable, and wave driving duration feeds the density requirements for reducing cultivation, and reduces the pollution to seawater.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to culturing marine products fields, and in particular to a kind of shellfish of wave driving feed automatically cultivation apparatus and
Cultural method.
Background technique
Buoyancy raft net cage culture is one of major way of shellfish culture, and the entire process that cultivates need to pass through selection and the storage of close shellfish
After feeding, oviposition, hatching, larval culture, the dispensing of attachment base, juvenile mollusk go out the series of processes such as pond is temporarily supported, young shellfish (centre) is cultivated,
Transport to related sea area is further cultivated, for having suitable for shellfish growth and development water temperature condition and not broadcasting the bottom of suitable for
Be proliferated substrate condition sea area, carry out floating raft type hang down cultivation be shellfish production major way.Floating raft type hangs down cultivation, is exactly
By spat by certain density in suitable container, it is hung at a certain distance with suitable water layer on the afloat buoyant raft of setting
It is formed.
However as shellfish culture area continuous expansion, buoyant raft density is continuously increased and shallow-sea ecology environment is unbalance etc.
There is the trend of cylinder mould cultivated shellfish death rate continuous improvement, causes economic loss to related breeding enterprise in factor.Separately
Outside, for existing buoyancy raft net cage culture there is also process very complicated, manual operation is coarse, strong etc. to algae environmental factor dependence in seawater
Shortcomings.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the shellfish that the present invention provides a kind of wave driving feeds cultivation apparatus and cultivation automatically
Method solves the quality problem that shellfish juvenile mollusk is formed, reduces energy consumption compared with the type of rearing of land, simplify shellfish culture
Process, illumination is sufficient and adjustable, and wave driving duration feeds the density requirements for reducing cultivation, reduces the pollution to seawater,
Compared with not feeding, only utilizing the aquaculture model of seawater microalgae itself, cultivation density is improved, accelerates and forms speed, is reduced
Risk of seawater itself the algae density variation to cultivation.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of shellfish of wave driving feeds cultivation apparatus automatically, including bait cultivates buoyancy tank, common buoyancy tank and culturing net
Case, wherein the cabinet two sides that bait cultivates buoyancy tank are equipped with the common buoyancy tank;Hang the culturing net in the common buoyancy tank lower part
Case;
The top of the box that the bait cultivates buoyancy tank is arranged light transmission protective net, is divided into 3 regions by partition inside case, intermediate
Region is main raising chamber, and two side areas is to feed room;The main raising chamber bottom be equipped with bait can not by permeable filter screen,
The permeable filter screen extend to it is described feed room bottom, feed room bottom and be additionally provided with unidirectionally through door, by pipeline with it is described
Aquaculture net cage is connected.
Preferably, the pipeline is soft rubber pipeline.
Preferably, it is light material that the bait, which cultivates buoyancy tank and the tank material of common buoyancy tank,.
Wave driving based on above-mentioned apparatus feeds cultural method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1) the shellfish juvenile mollusk stage: the bait that land is cultivated is packed into bait and cultivates buoyancy tank, continues in main raising chamber
Proliferation;Juvenile mollusk unidirectionally by door, is fed room by locking;Bait cultivates buoyancy tank as wave floats up and down, shakes, main cultivation
The bait of room, which is crossed partition and continued into, feeds room;Fresh seawater floats up and down with cabinet into buoyancy tank is cultivated, and changes in real time
Water, juvenile mollusk excreta are entered after the seawater below buoyancy tank by feeding the permeable filter screen of room bottom again by main raising chamber bottom
Permeable filter screen enters main raising chamber, or crosses partition with wave and be directly entered main raising chamber;
Step 2) shellfish forming stage: unidirectionally by door, juvenile mollusk enters aquaculture net cage with seawater for unlock;It cultivates and floats when bait
It when case floats, according to water flow and gravity direction, is unidirectionally opened at this time by door, bait by the room of feeding enters culturing net with seawater
Case;When cultivating buoyancy tank sinking, water (flow) direction is on the contrary, driving prevents bait from flowing back into incubator unidirectionally by door closing;Shellfish
Class excreta enters surrounding seawater by the mesh of aquaculture net cage;
Step 3) auxiliary fodder or medicament are fed: when needing to add auxiliary fodder or medicament, being opened at the top of buoyancy tank
Light transmission protective net, or be directed through protective net, auxiliary fodder or medicament poured into and feed room;Auxiliary fodder or medicament pass through automatically
Pipeline slowly continues into aquaculture net cage.
Preferably, the bait is algae.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) water is changed in wave driving, solves the quality problem that shellfish juvenile mollusk is formed, reduces compared with the type of rearing of land
Energy consumption reduces process.
(2) illumination is sufficient and adjustable: cultivating buoyancy tank and is directly arranged on sea, no building blocks, and illumination is sufficient;It cultivates
Light transmission protective net at the top of buoyancy tank can adjust mesh size according to season and algal grown demand, guarantee what high density seaweed was cultivated
Intensity of illumination.
(3) wave driving adjustment algae density: although main cultivate indoor seaweed density height, and constantly proliferation, microalgae
Cabinet is cultivated as wave floats up and down, shakes, the seaweed of main raising chamber, which crosses partition and constantly enters, feeds room, can be according to seaweed
Growth rate and the height for feeding demand adjustment partition.
(4) wave driving is fed automatically.
(5) duration feed reduction cultivate density requirements: with it is intermittent feed mode compared with, duration feeds mode significantly
The requirement to algae density is fed is reduced, the marine buoyancy tank of cultivating that this structure is simple, inexpensive can meet feeding volume
Demand.
(6) duration feeds raising bait utilization: shellfish culture net cage is directly communicated with seawater, intermittent a large amount of throwings
Hello, lower than speed is fed, seaweed largely flows into surrounding seawater shellfish eating speed, causes to waste.Duration is fed on a small quantity,
Greatly improve bait utilization.
(7) reduce the pollution to seawater: the cultivation of microalgae can reduce seawater caused by high-density breeding shellfish excreta
The risk of eutrophication;Feeding on a small quantity for duration, reduces feedstuff feeding to seawater while greatly improving bait utilization
The risk of pollution.
(8) duration is fed can provide auxiliary fodder or medicament as needed.
(9) simplify shellfish culture process: juvenile mollusk directly transports mariculture platform to, simplifies shellfish culture process.
(10) shellfish culture is mutually promoted with microalgae cultivation: shellfish excreta provides organic fertilizer for microalgae;The light of microalgae
Cooperation provides oxygen with for juvenile mollusk, and the respiration of juvenile mollusk provides carbon dioxide for microalgae.
(11) compared with not feeding, only utilizing the aquaculture model of seawater microalgae itself, cultivation density is improved, is accelerated feeding
At speed, the variation of seawater itself algae density is reduced to the risk of cultivation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the shellfish of wave of the present invention driving feeds the structural schematic diagram of cultivation apparatus automatically;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that bait cultivates buoyancy tank.
In figure: 1, bait cultivates buoyancy tank;2, common buoyancy tank;3, aquaculture net cage;4, light transmission protective net;5, partition;6, main training
Brood chamber;7, room is fed;8, unidirectionally pass through door;9, permeable filter screen;10, pipeline.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
A kind of shellfish of wave driving feeds cultivation apparatus automatically, as shown in Figure 1, including that bait cultivates buoyancy tank 1, common floating
Case 2 and aquaculture net cage 3, wherein the cabinet two sides that bait cultivates buoyancy tank 1 are equipped with the common buoyancy tank 2;Under the common buoyancy tank 2
Hang the aquaculture net cage 3 in portion.
As shown in Fig. 2, light transmission protective net 4 is arranged in the top of the box that the bait cultivates buoyancy tank 1, divided inside case by partition 5
For 3 regions, intermediate region is main raising chamber 6, and two side areas is to feed room 7;6 bottom of main raising chamber is equipped with bait can not
By permeable filter screen 9, the permeable filter screen 9 extend to it is described feed 6 bottom of room, feed 6 bottom of room and be additionally provided with unidirectionally
By door 8, it is connected by pipeline 10 with the aquaculture net cage 3.
The pipeline 10 is soft rubber pipeline, and it is lightweight that the bait, which cultivates buoyancy tank 1 and the tank material of common buoyancy tank 2,
Material, such as polystyrene material.
The light transmission protective net 4 can adjust mesh size according to season and algal grown demand, guarantee the training of high density seaweed
The intensity of illumination educated.
Embodiment 2
A kind of wave driving based on 1 described device of embodiment feeds cultural method, by taking scallop as an example, using microalgae conduct
Bait, the specific steps of which are as follows:
(1) the scallop juvenile mollusk stage:
Land cultivates Mirco algal food and transports mariculture device to, and investment bait cultivates buoyancy tank, continues to increase in main raising chamber
It grows.
It is locked unidirectionally by door, land Patinopecten yessoensis nursery is mature and juvenile mollusk after collecting seedling, without post-processing, directly fortune
To mariculture device, room is fed.
Bait cultivates buoyancy tank as wave floats up and down, shakes, and the seaweed of main raising chamber, which crosses partition and continues into, to be fed
Room provides bait for juvenile mollusk.According to seaweed growth rate and the height for feeding demand adjustment partition.
As wave floats up and down, fresh seawater cultivates buoyancy tank into bait with floating up and down for cabinet, changes water in real time,
Solve quality problem caused by juvenile mollusk excreta.
As wave floats up and down, juvenile mollusk excreta enters the sea below buoyancy tank by feeding the permeable filter screen of room bottom
Main raising chamber is entered by the permeable filter screen of main raising chamber bottom again after water, or crosses partition and constantly enters main raising chamber, is micro-
Algae provides organic fertilizer.
The photosynthesis of microalgae provides oxygen for juvenile mollusk, and the respiration of juvenile mollusk provides carbon dioxide for microalgae.
(2) scallop forming stage:
Unidirectionally by door, juvenile mollusk enters aquaculture net cage with seawater, forms into next stage for unlock.
When bait, which cultivates buoyancy tank, to float, according to water flow and gravity direction, unidirectionally opened at this time by door, seaweed is with sea
Water enters aquaculture net cage by the room of feeding;When cultivating buoyancy tank sinking, water (flow) direction is on the contrary, driving prevents unidirectionally by door closing
Seaweed flows back into incubator.By adjusting divider height, unidirectional by parameters such as the sizes of door, seaweed is automatically by soft company
Adapter tube road is continual to be entered in aquaculture net cage, provides bait for scallop.
Scallop excreta enters surrounding seawater by the mesh of aquaculture net cage, provides organic fertilizer for microalgae.
The photosynthesis of microalgae provides oxygen for scallop, and the respiration of scallop provides carbon dioxide for microalgae.
(3) auxiliary fodder or medicament are fed:
When needing to add auxiliary fodder or related agents, the light transmission protective net at the top of bait cultivation buoyancy tank is opened, or
It is directed through protective net, auxiliary fodder or medicament are poured into and feed room.Auxiliary fodder or medicament are automatically slow through soft connecting pipe
Slowly in lasting entrance aquaculture net cage, increase the utilization rate of auxiliary fodder or medicament.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of shellfish of wave driving feeds cultivation apparatus automatically, which is characterized in that cultivate buoyancy tank, common buoyancy tank including bait
And aquaculture net cage, wherein the cabinet two sides that bait cultivates buoyancy tank are equipped with the common buoyancy tank;Hang institute in the common buoyancy tank lower part
State aquaculture net cage;
The top of the box that the bait cultivates buoyancy tank is arranged light transmission protective net, is divided into 3 regions, intermediate region by partition inside case
For main raising chamber, two side areas is to feed room;The main raising chamber bottom be equipped with bait can not by permeable filter screen, it is described
Permeable filter screen feeds room bottom described in extending to, and feeds room bottom and is additionally provided with unidirectionally through door, passes through pipeline and the cultivation
Net cage is connected.
2. a kind of shellfish of wave driving according to claim 1 feeds cultivation apparatus automatically, which is characterized in that the pipe
Road is soft rubber pipeline.
3. a kind of shellfish of wave driving according to claim 1 feeds cultivation apparatus automatically, which is characterized in that the bait
It is light material that material, which cultivates buoyancy tank and the tank material of common buoyancy tank,.
4. the wave that the shellfish based on a kind of described in any item wave drivings of claims 1 to 3 feeds cultivation apparatus automatically drives
It is dynamic to feed cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1) the shellfish juvenile mollusk stage: the bait that land is cultivated is packed into bait and cultivates buoyancy tank, continues to be proliferated in main raising chamber;
Juvenile mollusk unidirectionally by door, is fed room by locking;Bait cultivates buoyancy tank as wave floats up and down, shakes, main raising chamber
Bait, which is crossed partition and continued into, feeds room;Fresh seawater floats up and down with cabinet into buoyancy tank is cultivated, and changes water in real time, young
Shellfish excreta is entered after the seawater below buoyancy tank by feeding the permeable filter screen of room bottom again by the permeable of main raising chamber bottom
Filter screen enters main raising chamber, or crosses partition with wave and be directly entered main raising chamber;
Step 2) shellfish forming stage: unidirectionally by door, juvenile mollusk enters aquaculture net cage with seawater for unlock;When bait is cultivated on buoyancy tank
It when floating, according to water flow and gravity direction, is unidirectionally opened at this time by door, bait by the room of feeding enters aquaculture net cage with seawater;
When cultivating buoyancy tank sinking, water (flow) direction is on the contrary, driving prevents bait from flowing back into incubator unidirectionally by door closing;Shellfish
Excreta enters surrounding seawater by the mesh of aquaculture net cage;
Step 3) auxiliary fodder or medicament are fed: when needing to add auxiliary fodder or medicament, being opened saturating at the top of buoyancy tank
Photoprotection net, or it is directed through protective net, auxiliary fodder or medicament are poured into and feed room;Auxiliary fodder or medicament are automatically through pipeline
Slowly continue into aquaculture net cage.
5. a kind of wave driving according to claim 4 feeds cultural method, which is characterized in that the bait is algae.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201811423028.0A CN109349189B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Sea wave driven automatic shellfish feeding and breeding device and method |
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CN201811423028.0A CN109349189B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Sea wave driven automatic shellfish feeding and breeding device and method |
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CN109349189A true CN109349189A (en) | 2019-02-19 |
CN109349189B CN109349189B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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ID=65343000
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Cited By (5)
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CN110269019A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-24 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of batch production water pearl culture method |
CN110521650A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of multifunctional culture net cage |
CN110771545A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-11 | 浙江海洋大学 | Automatic oxygen suppliment and breed box with a net of changing water |
CN112314496A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-05 | 舟山君耀科技发展有限公司 | Aquaculture device utilizing wave energy |
CN113100147A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-13 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | Ecological shellfish culture pond and culture method thereof |
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JP5358860B1 (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-12-04 | 独立行政法人土木研究所 | Seaweed growth method and growth substrate that also serve as feed for algalivorous animals |
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CN110269019A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-24 | 湖南文理学院 | A kind of batch production water pearl culture method |
CN110521650A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of multifunctional culture net cage |
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