CN102090361A - Artificial breeding method for Acrossocheilus fasciatus - Google Patents
Artificial breeding method for Acrossocheilus fasciatus Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial breeding method for Acrossocheilus fasciatus, comprising the following steps: strengthening parent fish, spawning, collecting eggs, hatching and growing seedlings; accelerating maturity by utilizing granulated feed, wherein the content of the crude protein in the granulated feed is high; strengthening by utilizing granulated feed added with vitamin E, wherein the content of the crude protein in the granulated feed added with vitamin E is high; when water temperature is not lower than 22DEG C, accelerating oviposition by hastening parturition micro water changed once every 12 hours and a sand table; taking out of the sand table after the eggs are fertilized for 1-1.5 hours; when the water temperature is 23-25DEG C and the flow rate is 8-10 hours, replacing water once; hatching without direct irradiation of sunlight; when the water temperature is 22-25DEG C and the flow rate is 10-12 hours, replacing water once; and mixing an earthworm pulp serving as an opening bait with a powdery feed, and feeding. By utilizing the method provided by the invention, after artificial propagation, less parent fish die, and the parent fish can be repeatedly propagated; the oviposition rate can reach 70-85%, the hatching rate is 50-70%, and the fish fry survival rate can reach 60-80%; and great quantity of fish fries can be obtained, and seedling protection is provided for large-scale artificial breeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the raising technology of freshwater fish, be specifically related to the artificial breeding method of light lip fish.
Background technology
Light lip fish (Acrossocheilus fasciatus) belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Barbinae, light lip fish belongs to, mainly be distributed in ground such as China Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, move in the torrent environment such as mountain stream streams and rivers middle and upper reaches, happiness inhabits in the river small stream of gravel or the sandy end, water clear stream urgency, lays eggs when 18～27 ℃ of water temperatures, spawning season is generally for 5～August, breeding period is 6～July, for the famous and precious economic fish of streams property, has value of exploiting and utilizing; But because environmental condition runs down, wild smooth lip fish quantity sharply descends, and the breeding parent is also more and more rare, some waters even can't form reproductive population.At present mostly the seed of light lip fish culture is to adopt from the stream of nature and catches, though there is the oxytocins of employing to carry out the research of artificial induced spawning, therefore but only limit to the experimental study stage, and back 50% left and right sides parent population death of hastening parturition, can't form a whole set of technology that light lip fry kind with production application meaning is bred.
Summary of the invention
After technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of artificial propagation parent population death seldom, spawning rate is 70～85%, incubation rate is 50～70%, the prelarva survival rate is the artificial breeding method of 60～80% light lip fish.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the artificial breeding method of light lip fish comprises the steps:
A, parent population is strengthened: in autumn the previous year of breeding year, the male and female parent population is put in a suitable place to breed into spawning pond by the quantity ratio of 1:1.1～1.3, the pond water meter area of spawning pond is 50～70 square metres, the pond depth of water is 50～70 centimetres, put female parent population 4～5 tails in every cubic metre of pond water in a suitable place to breed, pond water dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 10～15 hours, after the pool water within water temperature surpasses 15 ℃ parent population is carried out following throwing feeding tube reason: throw something and feed with containing the pellet that mass content is not less than 41% crude protein, every day the pellet feeding volume be in the pond parent population gross weight 3.5～5%, respectively throw something and feed once 6 and 18 of every days, wherein 18 feeding volume is 70%, begin the mid-April in breeding year, need to add vitamin E in the pellet of throwing something and feeding, content of vitamin E is 5～10 milligrams in the 100 gram pellets.Feed through the pellet that gross protein value is higher, can promote the gonad development of parent population, the belly of raun expand gradually and soft, gonopore is ruddy, the body colour of milter is also gradually bright-coloured, rhynchodaenm pearl astropyle goes out, gently presses belly can flow out the milky seminal fluid, higher and add and the pellet of vitamin E reinforced cultivating is arranged about January through gross protein value again, the parent population gonad development is good, be in and treated the occurrence attitude, the quality of fertilized egg just better like this, spawning rate is also higher, and the lethality of the prelarva after the hatching is also lower.
B, lay eggs and collect ovum: begin the mid-May of breeding year, at the bottom of the pond of spawning pond, be placed with 3～4 sand tables, the length that described sand table fills 8～9 cm thick rough sand in being is 50 centimetres, wide is 30 centimetres, height is 15 centimetres a square frame, the pond water flow velocity is controlled at changed water once in 12 hours, pond water temperature is controlled at and is not less than 22 ℃, allow parent population spawning and fertilization in described sand table, with 1～1.5 hour sand table of spawning and fertilization taking-up, put into the egg-collecting tank collection ovum of no sunlight direct projection, collection ovum mode is: sand table is immersed in the water of egg-collecting tank, with the rough sand in the have gentle hands founding dish, collect the fertilized egg that flies in the water with 40 purpose yarn tulles.Owing to hasten parturition without oxytocins, hasten parturition and changed water miniflow water once with 12 hours, can better induce the parent population natural spawning, spawning rate is also higher, has avoided oxytocins to cause the parent population phenomena of mortality; Water temperature is not less than 22 ℃, helps parent population and lays eggs, and sand table can promote that parent population lays eggs, and improves spawning rate; Just took out sand table behind the spawning and fertilization in 1～1.5 hour, reduce fertilized egg waft, can obtain more fertilized egg, collect fertilized egg after, spawning rate can reach 70～85%; The collection ovum carries out under no sunlight direct projection, can avoid fertilized egg to injure.
C, hatching: the fertilized egg of collecting is put into the hatching frame, described hatching frame is the several 60 purpose ryces of 40 centimetres of the length of sides, order, fertilized egg placement quantity is 3000～5000 in the described hatching frame, described hatching frame is put into no sunlight direct projection, the water temperature of Chi Shui is 23～25 ℃, dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 8～10 hours, the pond depth of water is that hatching obtains prelarva in 25～35 centimetres the hatchery, the yolk sac for the treatment of prelarva disappears prelarva is pulled out, and the Chi Shuixu that flows into the hatchery filters through 100 mesh sieve tulles; The pond water that filters can be avoided the impurity effect hatching, and water temperature is 23～25 ℃, and flow velocity is to change water once in 8～10 hours, hatches under the condition of no sunlight direct projection, and incubation rate is higher, can reach 50～70%.
D, grow seedlings: the water temperature that the prelarva of pulling out is put in a suitable place to breed into Chi Shui is 22～25 ℃, dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 10～12 hours, the pond depth of water is to cultivate in 40～50 centimetres the nursery pond, every cubic metre of Chi Shui puts prelarva 4000～8000 tails in a suitable place to breed, the top of this nursery pond is erected with sunshade, throw something and feed a week with the earthworm slurry that grinds earlier, per ten thousand tail prelarva earthworms every day slurry feeding volume is 10～12 grams, and average mark is thrown something and fed for four times, after the week, with earthworm slurry that grinds and crude protein content is that 40～45% mash feed mixes and throws something and feeds, earthworm slurry is 1:1～2 with the mass ratio of mash feed, every day feeding volume be in the pond prelarva gross weight 4～8%, early, in, respectively throw something and feed evening 1 time, cultivate to prelarva heavily be not less than 10 the gram, obtain light lip fry kind.Crude protein and essential amino acids content are all higher in the earthworm, and belong to light lip fish nature bait, as open-mouthed bait, the fine nutritional need that satisfies prelarva of energy, improve the survival rate of prelarva, after one week, mix with mash feed with earthworm and to throw something and feed, promptly can guarantee the nutrition of prelarva, be convenient to again, reduce feed cost when being convenient to propagate artificially with manufactured feed instructionization prelarva, water temperature is 22～25 ℃, flow velocity is to change water in 10～12 hours once to reach conditions such as the control of prelarva density, feed management and cooperate down, and the prelarva survival rate is higher, can reach 60～80%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that the artificial breeding method of light lip fish, strengthen by parent population, lay eggs and collect ovum, hatching and seedling raising process, earlier with the higher pellet of gross protein value, promote the gonad development of parent population, with adding the pellet of vitamin E reinforced cultivating is arranged with gross protein value is higher again, can allow the parent population gonad development better, the quality of fertilized egg is better, be not less than under 22 ℃ in water temperature, change water miniflow water once with 12 hours and hasten parturition, can induce parent population better to lay eggs, avoided oxytocins to cause the parent population phenomena of mortality, sand table with simulating nature can promote to lay eggs, spawning and fertilization just took out sand table in 1～1.5 hour, can collect more fertilized egg, and spawning rate can reach 70～85%; In water temperature is 23～25 ℃, and flow velocity is to change water once in 8～10 hours, hatches under the condition of no sunlight direct projection, and incubation rate is higher, can reach 50～70%; Water temperature is 22～25 ℃, and flow velocity is that to change that water once reaches in 10～12 hours be open-mouthed bait with the earthworm slurry earlier, mixes with mash feed with the earthworm slurry and throws something and feeds, both can improve the survival rate of prelarva, be convenient to the manufactured feed instructionization of prelarva again, help propagating artificially, the prelarva survival rate reaches 60～80%; Therefore the present invention manually breeds back parent population death seldom, but repeat reproduction, spawning rate can reach 70～85%, and incubation rate can reach 50～70%, and the prelarva survival rate can reach 60～80%, and the fry quantity that obtains is more, for scale artificial culture provides the seedling guarantee.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
On muting sandy ground with fresh air, build long 10 meters with cement, wide 5 meters, 3 of high 1.2 meters spawning ponds, put into clean Chi Shui, the pond depth of water is 60 centimetres, pond water dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, keeping the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 10～15 hours, in autumn the previous year of breeding year, be generally October and about, in each spawning pond, be one group and put 120 groups respectively in a suitable place to breed by the quantity ratio of male and female parent population 1:1.2,135 groups and 150 groups, do not throw something and feed when generally passing the winter when the pool water within water temperature surpasses 15 ℃ or routine is thrown something and fed feed by the parent population self-sow, need after the pool water within water temperature surpasses 15 ℃ parent population is thrown the feeding tube reason especially: the pellet with the crude protein that contains mass content 45% is thrown something and fed, every day the pellet feeding volume be in the pond parent population gross weight 3.5～5%, respectively throw something and feed once 6 and 18 of every days, wherein 18 feeding volume is 70%, begin the mid-April in breeding year, need to add vitamin E in the pellet of throwing something and feeding, content of vitamin E is 8 milligrams in the 100 gram pellets.Begin the mid-May in breeding year, at the bottom of the pond of spawning pond, to place 3～4 sand tables all the time, the length that sand table fills 8～9 cm thick rough sand in being is 50 centimetres, wide is 30 centimetres, height is 15 centimetres plastics or a wooden square frame, the pond water flow velocity is controlled at changed water once in 12 hours, pond water temperature is controlled at and is not less than 22 ℃, the parent population of the breeding spawning and fertilization in the sand table of arriving, parent population spawning and fertilization 1～1.5 hour, just this sand table is taken out, put into the egg-collecting tank collection ovum of no sunlight direct projection, collection ovum mode is: sand table is immersed in the water of egg-collecting tank, with the rough sand in the have gentle hands founding dish, collect the fertilized egg that flies in the water with 40 purpose yarn tulles, take out the sand table while of spawning and fertilization, need at the bottom of the pond, to put into the replacement sand table again, so that the usefulness of other parent population spawning and fertilization.120 groups spawning rate is that 83.6%, 135 group of spawning rate is that 78%, 150 group of spawning rate is 72%.The fertilized egg of collecting is put into the hatching frame, the hatching frame is 40 centimetres of the length of sides, the several 60 purpose ryces of order, place 4000 in fertilized egg in each hatching frame, to hatch frame and put into no sunlight direct projection, the water temperature of Chi Shui is 23～25 ℃, dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 8～10 hours, the pond depth of water is that hatching obtains prelarva in 25～35 centimetres the hatchery, the yolk sac for the treatment of prelarva disappears prelarva is pulled out, measures the wherein incubation rates of 6 hatching frames, is respectively 58.6%, 68%, 56.2%, 62.4%, 63.1%, 66.7%.The water temperature that the prelarva of pulling out is put in a suitable place to breed into Chi Shui is 22～25 ℃, dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 10～12 hours, the pond depth of water is to cultivate in 40～50 centimetres the nursery pond, every cubic metre of Chi Shui puts prelarva 6000 tails in a suitable place to breed, the top of this nursery pond is erected with sunshade, throw something and feed a week with the earthworm slurry that grinds earlier, per ten thousand tail prelarva earthworms every day slurry feeding volume is 10～12 grams, and average mark is thrown something and fed for four times, each about 6 hours at interval, after one week, be that 40～45% mash feed mixes and throws something and feeds with the earthworm slurry and the crude protein content that grind, earthworm is starched and the mass ratio of mash feed is 1:1～2, early stage earthworm slurry is that 1:1 is better with the mass ratio of mash feed, increase later on the ratio of mash feed gradually, reach 1:2 at last, every day feeding volume be in the pond prelarva gross weight 4～8%, early, in, respectively throw something and feed evening 1 time, cultivate to prelarva heavily be not less than 10 the gram, obtain light lip fry kind, nursery pond prelarva survival rate is about 72.5%.Above-mentioned Chi Shui injects cistern with well water earlier, then to the water aeration of cistern, measures and control water temperature, dissolved oxygen and the pH value of cistern, so that supply various ponds, especially the Chi Shuixu that flows into the hatchery is filtered through 100 mesh sieve tulles.
Embodiment 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, the different just pond depth of waters be 50 centimetres, male and female parent population quantity is than 1:1.1, the crude protein quality content of pellet is 5 milligrams of content of vitamin E in 41%, the 100 gram pellet, measures the back spawning rate in 70～80% scopes; Place 3000 in fertilized egg in each hatching frame, incubation rate is in 57～70% scopes; Every cubic metre of Chi Shui puts prelarva 4000 tails in a suitable place to breed in the nursery pond, and survival rate is 78.2%.
Embodiment 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, the different just pond depth of waters be 70 centimetres,, male and female parent population quantity is than 1:1.3, the crude protein quality content of pellet is 10 milligrams of content of vitamin E in 48%, the 100 gram pellet, measures the back spawning rate in 75～85% scopes; Place 5000 in fertilized egg in each hatching frame, incubation rate is in 50～62% scopes; Every cubic metre of Chi Shui puts prelarva 8000 tails in a suitable place to breed in the nursery pond, and survival rate is 63.7%.
The foregoing description only is to explanation of the present invention, and is all applicable in interest field of the present invention, can be long rice, wide 6 meters and high 1.2 meters as spawning pond, or long 10 meters, wide 7 meters and high 1.2 meters, or long 9 meters, wide 7 meters and high 1 meter etc., do not enumerate one by one at this.
Claims (1)
1. the artificial breeding method of light lip fish is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, parent population is strengthened: in autumn the previous year of breeding year, the male and female parent population is put in a suitable place to breed into spawning pond by the quantity ratio of 1:1.1～1.3, the pond water meter area of spawning pond is 50～70 square metres, the pond depth of water is 50～70 centimetres, put female parent population 4～5 tails in every cubic metre of pond water in a suitable place to breed, pond water dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 10～15 hours, after the water temperature of pool water within surpasses 15 ℃ parent population is carried out following throwing feeding tube reason: throw something and feed with containing the pellet that mass content is not less than 41% crude protein, every day the pellet feeding volume be in the pond parent population gross weight 3.5～5%, respectively throw something and feed once 6 and 18 of every days, wherein 18 feeding volume is 70%, begin the mid-April in breeding year, need to add vitamin E in the pellet of throwing something and feeding, content of vitamin E is 5～10 milligrams in the 100 gram pellets;
B, lay eggs and collect ovum: begin the mid-May of breeding year, at the bottom of the pond of spawning pond, be placed with 3～4 sand tables, the length that described sand table fills 8～9 cm thick rough sand in being is 50 centimetres, wide is 30 centimetres, height is 15 centimetres a square frame, the pond water flow velocity is controlled at changed water once in 12 hours, pond water temperature is controlled at and is not less than 22 ℃, allow parent population spawning and fertilization in described sand table, with 1～1.5 hour sand table of spawning and fertilization taking-up, put into the egg-collecting tank collection ovum of no sunlight direct projection, collection ovum mode is: sand table is immersed in the water of egg-collecting tank, with the rough sand in the have gentle hands founding dish, collect the fertilized egg that flies in the water with 40 purpose yarn tulles;
C, hatching: the fertilized egg of collecting is put into the hatching frame, described hatching frame is the several 60 purpose ryces of 40 centimetres of the length of sides, order, fertilized egg placement quantity is 3000～5000 in the described hatching frame, described hatching frame is put into no sunlight direct projection, the water temperature of Chi Shui is 23～25 ℃, dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 8～10 hours, the pond depth of water is that hatching obtains prelarva in 25～35 centimetres the hatchery, the yolk sac for the treatment of prelarva disappears prelarva is pulled out, and the Chi Shuixu that flows into the hatchery filters through 100 mesh sieve tulles;
D, grow seedlings: the water temperature that the prelarva of pulling out is put in a suitable place to breed into Chi Shui is 22～25 ℃, dissolved oxygen is for being not less than 6.0mg/l, pH value is 6.7～7.2, the pond water flow velocity is to change water once in 10～12 hours, the pond depth of water is to cultivate in 40～50 centimetres the nursery pond, every cubic metre of Chi Shui puts prelarva 4000～8000 tails in a suitable place to breed, the top of this nursery pond is erected with sunshade, throw something and feed a week with the earthworm slurry that grinds earlier, per ten thousand tail prelarva earthworms every day slurry feeding volume is 10～12 grams, and average mark is thrown something and fed for four times, after the week, with earthworm slurry that grinds and crude protein content is that 40～45% mash feed mixes and throws something and feeds, earthworm slurry is 1:1～2 with the mass ratio of mash feed, every day feeding volume be in the pond prelarva gross weight 4～8%, early, in, respectively throw something and feed evening 1 time, cultivate to prelarva heavily be not less than 10 the gram, obtain light lip fry kind.
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| CN102613121A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | Artificial propagating method of semilabeo obscurus |
| CN103098737A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-15 | 浙江师范大学 | Manpower hasten parturition method of acrossocheilus fasciatus |
| CN103190537A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-10 | 林衍峰 | Fish oytocin oral granules and preparation and using methods thereof |
| CN103444610A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-18 | 云南省水产技术推广站 | Artificial propagation method for acrossocheilus yunnanensis |
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| CN102613121A (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院昆明动物研究所 | Artificial propagating method of semilabeo obscurus |
| CN103098737A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-15 | 浙江师范大学 | Manpower hasten parturition method of acrossocheilus fasciatus |
| CN103098737B (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2015-03-11 | 浙江师范大学 | Manpower hasten parturition method of acrossocheilus fasciatus |
| CN103190537A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-10 | 林衍峰 | Fish oytocin oral granules and preparation and using methods thereof |
| CN103190537B (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2014-10-29 | 林衍峰 | Fish oytocin oral granules and preparation and using methods thereof |
| CN103444610A (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2013-12-18 | 云南省水产技术推广站 | Artificial propagation method for acrossocheilus yunnanensis |
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| CN111248117A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-09 | 谢张群 | Breeding method of acrossocheilus fasciatus |
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