CN112352713A - Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an artificial propagation method of neolabeo fasciatus, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. Placing the female parent fish and the male parent fish in a breeding pond for breeding the parent fish, wherein the environmental parameters of the breeding pond are as follows: the flow rate of water flow is 30-45 m/min, the water quality transparency is 90-100 cm, the dissolved oxygen content is 6.2-7.5 mg/L, the pH value of water is 7.2-7.8, the water temperature is 16-25 ℃, and the illumination period is 9-12 h; shading treatment is carried out on the culture pond during parent fish culture, and granulated feed is fed for 2 times every day; collecting ovum and sperm from parent fish, artificial insemination, incubating, and feeding to obtain the soft-fin neolipped fish. The parent fish breeding process avoids the use of an oxytocic, can naturally lay eggs and produce sperms, and can obtain higher fertility rate. Meanwhile, the success of the parent fish culture of the new lipped hemibarbus maculatus chuanensis fundamentally solves the problem that the male and female wild fishes do not develop or develop asynchronously in the pond culture environment.

Description

Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an artificial propagation method of neolabeo fasciatus.

Background

The neolipsothia fascicularis (Neolisochilus benasi) belongs to Cypriniformes (Cypriniforms), Cyprinidae (Cyprinidae), Barcheilus subcidae (Barbineae) and neoliptha (Neolisochilus), and is also called flower fish. Historically, the soft fin neolipsticks are the main capture objects of fishermen in the Yangtze river basin, the maximum individual amount can reach 25 kilograms, the soft fin neolipsticks are large-scale economic fishes, and the soft fin neolipsticks are mainly distributed in the estuary, the river city, the western domain, the Yangtze river and other places in Yunnan, and are distributed abroad in Vietnam. The neolabiate finx has great potential in the ornamental fish market due to its gorgeous appearance, so that the neolabiate finx has great development potential for both eating and ornamental purposes.

In recent years, the declining of the fingerling population of the new lipped hemibarbus with soft fins is serious due to the large fishing strength, the weak development and protection consciousness of the cascade power station and the like. In order to save the large economic fish, research institutes of Kunming animals of Chinese academy of sciences are dedicated to the research on protection and sustainable utilization of the large economic fish, and the artificial propagation technology of the large economic fish is broken through in 2009, but the ideal fertility rate and hatchability can be obtained only by relying on an oxytocic. Since then, the research on the lipped piscivorax lenok by kunming animal institute of Chinese academy of sciences has focused on how to achieve natural spawning and sperm production in the pond culture environment.

Although the artificial propagation technology of freshwater fishes has a long history, a series of problems occurring after wild fishes enter a pond culture environment from a wild environment are still not solved, the reproductive function of the wild fishes is firstly disordered, and the phenomena of mutual oestrus pursuit and natural spawning of a plurality of rare fishes before spawning are difficult to observe in the pond culture environment, so that the wild rare fishes are difficult to self-propagate in the pond culture environment. For many fishes, the ecological environment of the breeding season of the fishes cannot be completely simulated, so that the fishes are induced to lay eggs and produce sperms by injecting a high-efficiency fish oxytocic. The use of the oxytocic solves the problem of artificial propagation of the fishes to a great extent, enables the fishes to lay eggs and produce sperms and to be fertilized normally to obtain normal offspring, but fails to solve the fundamental problem, and the neolabial finfish is also similar to the neolabial finfish and fails to get rid of the constraint of the oxytocic to reach the level that the wild fishes can naturally lay eggs and produce sperms in the pond culture environment.

Although parent fish breeding is mentioned in the prior patents and documents, the breeding of parent fish is still in the initial stage of serving for the oxytocic, and the breeding of parent fish is unsuccessful in a certain sense, and successful breeding of parent fish is to enable wild fish to naturally lay eggs and produce sperms under the pond-breeding environment, so that the self-reproduction of the fish is realized. After the prior art is searched, no relevant report exists.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an artificial propagation method for lipped neofasciatus, which can improve the process of parent fish culture and can still obtain high fertility rate without using an oxytocic.

The invention provides an artificial propagation method of neolabeo fasciatus, which comprises the following steps:

placing the female parent fish and the male parent fish in a breeding pond for parent fish breeding, wherein the total breeding density of the two parent fishes is 2.5-2.8 kg/m³(ii) a The environmental parameters of the culture pond are as follows: the flow velocity of water flow is 30-45 m/min, the water quality transparency is 90-100 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.5 mg/L, the pH value of water is 7.2-7.8, the water temperature is 16-25 ℃, and the illumination period is 9-12 h;

shading treatment is carried out on the breeding pond during the parent fish breeding period, and artificially synthesized pellet feed is fed for 2-4 times every day to obtain female parent fish for spawning and male parent fish for producing essence;

collecting ova from the spawned female parent fish, collecting sperms from the spawned male parent fish, performing artificial insemination on the collected ova and sperms, hatching, and feeding the hatched fries to obtain the neolabiate finch.

Preferably, the selection criteria of the female parent fish and the male parent fish are normal-shape, good-growth and disease-free female and male parent fish.

Preferably, the number ratio of the female parent fish to the male parent fish is 1 (1.4-1.5).

Preferably, the breeding pond is sterilized in advance before the parent fish is bred;

the disinfection method comprises the steps of washing the culture pond, disinfecting and soaking the culture pond for 1d by using a potassium permanganate solution, and then cleaning the culture pond for 3-4 times for 30-40 min each time by using clear water.

Preferably, the height of the water level of the culture pond is 1.5 m.

Preferably, the environmental parameters of the culture pond are as follows according to different specific conditions of months:

in the period from 10 months to 2 months of the next year, the illumination period is 9-10 h, the water temperature is 16-20 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 30-40 m/min, the transparency of water quality is 90-95 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.2-7.6;

in 3 to 9 months, the illumination period is 11 to 12 hours, the water temperature is 18 to 25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 40 to 45m/min, the transparency of the water is 90 to 95cm, the dissolved oxygen of the water is 6.6 to 7.5mg/L, and the pH value of the water is 7.4 to 7.8.

Preferably, a spawning fish bed is arranged at the later period of parent fish culture;

the setting method of the spawning fish bed comprises the step of setting the spawning fish bed in a suspension manner at the gentle water flow position of the culture pond, so that the height of the upper surface of the spawning fish bed from the water surface is 10-15 cm, and the area of the spawning fish bed is 10-20 m²。

Preferably, the artificial insemination method comprises the steps of instantly mixing the ovum and the sperms which are just collected from the parent fish, slowly stirring the mixture for 30 to 40 seconds by using feathers, and then flushing the sperm-egg mixture by using physiological saline;

the osmotic pressure of the normal saline is 290-310 mOsm/L, and the temperature is 20-23 ℃.

Preferably, the hatching method comprises the steps of putting the sperm-egg mixture into a hatching container, injecting clear water to enable the water surface to be 3-5 cm higher than the sperm-egg mixture, avoiding illumination, enabling the water temperature to be 20-23 ℃, enabling the pH value of water to be 7.5-8.5, and enabling the dissolved oxygen of water to be 7.2-8.0 mg/L;

the feeding method is characterized in that feeding is started 8 days after the membrane of the fry is broken, and nitrobacteria are used for feeding every day according to the proportion of 15-17 g/m²Is added to adjust the water quality.

Preferably, the feeding is staged with different feeds:

feeding the pasty bait nbf1 for 1-15 days of feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out for 4 times every day, and the feeding amount is 8-10 mL/m²(ii) a The paste bait nbf1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:8:750 of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

feeding the mixed bait nbf2 and the rotifers 16-30 days after feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out 3 times every day, and the feeding amount of the rotifers is 150 ten thousand per m²(ii) a The mixed bait nbf2 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:250:8:500 of a mixture of boiled egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

feeding the mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days of feeding, wherein the feeding amount is 10-12 g/m²(ii) a The mixed bait nbf3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:250:10:8:500 of mixture of freshly ground soybean milk, shrimps, feed containing crude protein with the mass concentration of 45%, vitamin D3 calcium tablets, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

and feeding the 111 juvenile carps with the compound feed on 61 th and later days of feeding, wherein the feeding amount is 3-4% of the bait coefficient, and the juvenile carps are completely fed within 15-30 min each time.

The invention provides an artificial propagation method of neolipsotrichum limacinum, which comprises the steps of placing female parent fishes and male parent fishes in a breeding pond for parent fish breeding, wherein the total breeding density of the two parent fishes is 2.5-2.8 kg/m³(ii) a The environmental parameters of the culture pond are as follows: the flow velocity of water flow is 30-45 m/min, the water quality transparency is 90-100 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.5 mg/L, the pH value of water is 7.2-7.8, the water temperature is 16-25 ℃, and the illumination period is 9-12 h; shading treatment is carried out on the breeding pond during the parent fish breeding period, and artificially synthesized pellet feed is fed for 2-4 times every day to obtain female parent fish for spawning and male parent fish for producing essence; collecting ova from said oviposition female parent fish, simultaneously collecting sperm from said spermatogenic male parent fish, collecting ovaAnd carrying out artificial insemination with sperms, hatching, and feeding the hatched fries to obtain the anomala finches. According to the method, the wild living environment of the neolabiate finx is simulated manually by strictly controlling environmental parameters (including water flow speed, water quality transparency, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, illumination period and the like) during the parent fish culture period, so that the gonads of the neolabiate finx develop to be naturally mature and lay eggs, an oxytocic is avoided in the parent fish culture process, and the neolabiate finx can lay eggs and produce sperms and can obtain higher fertility rate. Meanwhile, the success of the parent fish culture of the new lipped hemibarbus maculatus subfamily solves the problem that the male and female wild fishes do not develop or develop asynchronously under the pond culture environment fundamentally; the zero use of the oxytocic not only reduces the damage to the parent fish of the new lipped hemibarbus maculatus chuanensis, but also reduces the breeding cost, and the operation is more simple, convenient and faster.

Furthermore, the invention specifically limits the environmental parameters of the culture ponds in different months, and adjusts the parameters of illumination, water temperature, water flow intensity and water quality condition in the culture ponds according to the required rhythmicity, so that the living environment of the parent fish is more consistent with the change of the natural environment, and the gonads of the parent fish of the plecoglossus subfamily grow naturally and lay eggs.

Furthermore, the invention also specifically limits the arrangement of the spawning fish bed to simulate the living state of spawning and sperm producing parent fish in the natural environment, and further improves the spawning and sperm producing capability of the parent fish.

Furthermore, the invention also specifically limits a hatching method, and the unique fish hatching method can more reasonably and efficiently utilize fish eggs and improve the hatching rate.

Furthermore, the invention also specifically defines a fry breeding method, and the fry breeding method can be used for breeding different feeds according to different growth periods in the breeding process to carry out staged breeding, so that the survival rate of the fry is also improved.

Detailed Description

The invention provides an artificial propagation method of neolabeo fasciatus, which comprises the following steps:

placing the female parent fish and the male parent fish in a breeding pond for parent fish breeding, wherein the total breeding density of the two parent fishes is 2.5-2.8 kg/m³(ii) a Said cultivationThe environmental parameters of the cell were as follows: the flow velocity of water flow is 30-45 m/min, the water quality transparency is 90-100 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.5 mg/L, the pH value of water is 7.2-7.8, the water temperature is 16-25 ℃, and the illumination period is 9-12 h;

shading treatment is carried out on the breeding pond during the parent fish breeding period, and artificially synthesized pellet feed is fed for 2-4 times every day to obtain female parent fish for spawning and male parent fish for producing essence;

collecting ova from the spawned female parent fish, collecting sperms from the spawned male parent fish, performing artificial insemination on the collected ova and sperms, hatching, and feeding the hatched fries to obtain the neolabiate finch.

The invention places the female parent fish and the male parent fish in the breeding pond for parent fish breeding.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the rearing pond is sterilized in advance before the parent fish is bred;

the disinfection method comprises the steps of washing the culture pond, disinfecting and soaking the culture pond for 1d by using a potassium permanganate solution, and then cleaning the culture pond for 3-4 times for 30-40 min each time by using clear water. The concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is preferably 100-120 ppm. The height of the water level of the culture pond is preferably 1.5 m. The invention is not particularly limited in the specification of the culture pond, and the culture pond can be an aquaculture pond well known in the field. In the embodiment of the invention, the culture pond has the specification of 10m in length, 5m in width and 3m in height.

In the invention, the selection criteria of the female parent fish and the male parent fish are preferably normal-form, good-growth and disease-free female and male parent fish. The female parent fish and the male parent fish are from the caught wild fish. The length of the neolabialis softfin is preferably 180-220 mm, and more preferably 200 mm; the weight is preferably 0.13-0.17 kg, more preferably 0.15 kg. The number ratio of the female parent fish to the male parent fish is preferably 1 (1.4-1.5), and more preferably 1: 1.45. The total culture density of two parent fishes is preferably 2.6-2.7 kg/m³。

In the present invention, the environmental parameters of the cultivation pool are preferably as follows according to the specific conditions of different months:

in the period from 10 months to 2 months of the next year, the illumination period is 9-10 h, the water temperature is 16-20 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 30-40 m/min, the transparency of water quality is 90-95 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.2-7.6; more preferably, the illumination period is 9.5h, the water temperature is 18 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 35m/min, the water transparency is 93cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.6mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.4; in 3-9 months, the illumination period is 11-12 h, the water temperature is 18-25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 40-45 m/min, the water transparency is 90-95 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.6-7.5 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.4-7.8; more preferably, the illumination period is 11.5h, the water temperature is 22 ℃, the flow rate of the water flow is 43m/min, the transparency of the water is 93cm, the dissolved oxygen of the water is 7.0mg/L, and the pH value of the water is 7.6. The illumination is preferably natural illumination. Setting environmental parameters according to different reproduction stages in months, wherein the environmental parameters are set for better gonad development in 10-2 months of the next year, and the emphasis is on reproduction and postpartum recovery in 3-9 months.

During the period of parent fish culture, shading treatment is carried out on the culture pond, and artificially synthesized pellet feed is fed for 2 times every day to obtain female parent fish for spawning and male parent fish for producing essence.

In the present invention, the shading treatment preferably uses a black shading net to shade the light above the cultivation pool, so that the light is lower than 30 Lux. The source of the artificial synthetic pellet feed is preferably purchased from Kunming Huanglongshan feed company. The feeding amount of the artificial synthetic pellet feed is 2.5-3% of the weight of the parent fish, and the feeding amount is more preferably 3%.

In the present invention, a spawning fish bed is preferably provided at the late stage of parent fish breeding and before the spawning period of parent fish. The spawning fish bed is arranged by adopting a fishing net. The area of the fishing net is 10-20 m²The length and the width of the fishing net are determined according to the fish pond, and according to the size of the culture pond, the length of the fishing net is 10m, and the width of the fishing net is 1-2 m.

The setting method of the spawning fish bed is that the spawning fish bed is suspended at the gentle water flow position of the breeding pond, so that the height of the upper surface of the spawning fish bed from the water surface is 10-15 cm, and parent fish can freely jump onto the fish bed. The area of the spawning fish bed is 10-20 m². The gonads of the parent fishes grow mature to the point before the parent fishes lay eggs, and the parent fishes jump to the fish bed to lay eggs naturally,according to the invention, after the parent fish jumps to the fish bed, the parent fish on the fish bed is collected.

After the oviposition female parent fish and the spermatogenic male parent fish are obtained, the method collects eggs from the oviposition female parent fish, meanwhile collects sperms from the spermatogenic male parent fish, carries out artificial insemination and hatching on the collected eggs and the sperms, and obtains the neolabiate finfish after the hatched fries are raised.

In the present invention, the method of collecting the ovum from the female parent fish or the method of collecting the sperm from the male parent fish is preferably such that the ovum and the sperm of the parent fish are gently pressed from the abdomen thereof in a container prepared in advance.

In the invention, the artificial insemination method preferably comprises the steps of immediately mixing the ovum and the sperms which are just collected from the parent fish, slowly stirring the mixture for 30 to 40 seconds by using feathers, and then flushing the sperm-egg mixture by using physiological saline. The number ratio of the ovum to the sperm is 1-5: 1 to 10 x 10⁴More preferably 1: 5X 10⁴. The osmotic pressure of the physiological saline is preferably 290-310 mOsm/L, and more preferably 300 mOsm/L; the temperature is preferably 20 to 23 ℃, and more preferably 21 to 22 ℃.

In the invention, the hatching method preferably comprises the step of placing the sperm-egg mixture into a hatching container, wherein the soft fins are sinking eggs, the bottom of the eggs cannot sink, and enough dissolved oxygen is ensured, so that the amount of clear water is required to be injected to enable the water surface to be 3-5 cm higher than the sperm-egg mixture, the light irradiation is avoided, the water temperature is 20-23 ℃, the pH value of the water is 7.5-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen of the water is 7.2-8.0 mg/L. The water temperature is more preferably 21-22 ℃. The height of the clear water is 4cm higher than the sperm-egg mixture. The pH value of the water is preferably 7.8-8.2, and more preferably 8.0.

In the invention, the feeding method is that the fry starts to eat 8 days after the film is broken, and nitrobacteria are used for feeding the fry according to the proportion of 15-17 g/m every day²Is added to adjust the water quality. The nitrifying bacteria are obtained by conventional commercial purchasing approaches. The feeding is preferably fed with different feeds in stages:

feeding the pasty bait nbf1 for 1-15 days of feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out for 4 times every day, and the feeding amount is 8-10 mL/m²(ii) a The paste bait nbf1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:8:750 boilingA mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

feeding the mixed bait nbf2 and the rotifers 16-30 days after feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out 3 times every day, and the feeding amount of the rotifers is 150 ten thousand per m²(ii) a The mixed bait nbf2 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:250:8:500 of a mixture of boiled egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

feeding the mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days of feeding, wherein the feeding amount is 10-12 g/m²(ii) a The mixed bait nbf3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:250:10:8:500 of mixture of freshly ground soybean milk, shrimps, feed containing crude protein with the mass concentration of 45%, vitamin D3 calcium tablets, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

and feeding the 111 juvenile carps with the compound feed on 61 th and later days of feeding, wherein the feeding amount is 3-4% of the bait coefficient, and the juvenile carps are completely fed within 15-30 min each time. The invention is designed according to different growth characteristics of each stage of the soft-fin neolabiate fingerlings through the staged feeding of the fingerlings, thereby not only improving the survival rate of the fingerlings, but also reducing the deformity rate of the fingerlings.

The method for artificially propagating neolabeo fasciatus provided by the present invention is described in detail with reference to the following examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus

1. Constructing a farming system

In 11 months in 2018, a parent fish culture pond is established, a culture system is constructed, the illumination period is controlled to be 9 hours, the natural illumination condition is controlled to be 16 ℃, the flow rate is controlled to be 30m/min, the water quality transparency is controlled to be 90cm, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 6.2mg/L, and the pH value is controlled to be 7.2; when the water enters 3 months in 2009, the illumination period is controlled at 12h, the illumination intensity is 30Lux, the temperature is controlled at 18 ℃, the flow rate is controlled at 40m/min, the water quality transparency is controlled at 90cm, the dissolved oxygen is controlled at 6.6mg/L, and the pH is controlled at 7.4.

2. Bait preparation

The pasty bait nbf1 is a mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, multi-dimensional element tablet and water, wherein the mass ratio of the cooked egg yolk to the shrimp to the multi-dimensional element tablet to the water is 250:10:8: 750.

The mixed bait nbf2 is a mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin tablets and water, wherein the cooked egg yolk is the mixture of the shrimp: the soybean milk is prepared from the freshly ground soybean, a multi-vitamin tablet and water in a mass ratio of 250:10:250:8: 500.

The mixed bait nbf3 is a mixture of freshly ground soybean milk, shrimps, powdery feed containing 45% of crude protein, vitamin D3 calcium tablets, multi-vitamin tablets and water, and the mass ratio of the freshly ground soybean milk to the shrimps to the powdery feed containing 45% of crude protein to the vitamin D3 calcium tablets to the multi-vitamin tablets to the water is 250:10:250:10:8:500 (mass ratio).

3. Source of parent fish

Parent fishes are collected in chicken street towns (the altitude is 1091m, N23 degrees 29 '22.0', E104 degrees 40 '28.1') in western domains of Yunnan province of the red river system in 2018 and 10 months, and are all captured by three layers of hanging nets for 1086 tails. The average value of the body length of the soft-fin neolabiate is 202mm and the average value of the body weight is 0.15kg through sampling inspection. And filling the parent fish into plastic fish fry bags with the length of 80cm and the width of 50cm, and carrying back to the culture base after oxygen flushing, wherein the weight of each bag of fish is 4-4.5 kg.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The cultivation pond with the specification of 10m long, 5m wide and 3m high is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the wall of the pond is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned for 30min each time for 3 times. And after the cleaning is finished, injecting water into the culture pond to ensure that the water level in the culture pond reaches 1.5m, disinfecting the parent fish, putting the parent fish into the culture pond, covering the culture pond with a black shading net, wherein the height of the water level in the culture pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the culture pond are both 1.5m, the flow rate is 30m/min, and the water quality transparency is 90 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, the dissolved oxygen is 7.5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8, and the temperature is 16 ℃. Feeding the artificially synthesized granulated feed once at a ratio of 10:00 and 16:00 every day, wherein the feeding amount is 3-4% of the bait coefficient. After domestication for 5 days, 15 tails of parent fishes die together.

5. Parent fish selection

Selecting 200 soft-fin neolippia male and female parent fishes with normal shapes, no obvious deformity, good growth and no diseases from the breeding pond at 11/1/9 am in 2018, and sterilizingThen transferred to a new culture pond with the culture density of 2.5kg/m³. The ratio of male to female is 1:1.4, a black shading net is covered on the culture pond, and the artificially synthesized granulated feed is fed twice every day.

6. Parent fish rearing

The culture system constructed in the culture pond simulates good spawning conditions for parent fish. Under the stimulation of various conditions, the sexual maturity of parent fish can be promoted, so that the parent fish can lay eggs. The sexually mature parent fish is mainly characterized in that: the male and female lips are all provided with a pearl star, the male, dorsal fins and tail fins are red, and the rear ends of the hip fins are long; female, light dorsal fin, caudate fin, blunt round posterior fin.

7. Is provided with a spawning fish bed

Before the spawning period of parent fish, a spawning fish bed is arranged at the gentle part of the water flow in the fish pond to induce parent fish to spawn, and the surface of the fish bed is 10m²Suspended in water and the fish bed surface is 10cm from the water surface.

8. Artificial insemination

The gonads of the parent fishes grow mature to the position before the parent fishes lay eggs, the parent fishes jump to the fish bed to lay eggs naturally, and the parent fishes on the fish bed are collected after the parent fishes jump to the fish bed. 5/2019, before artificial insemination, quality evaluation is performed on ovum and sperm of the soft-fin neolabiate minora, the ovum nucleus deflection rate is 90%, and the average sperm density is 17.2 × 10⁹number/mL, average vitality of 86.9%, average life of 72.5s, basically no deformity. The collected parent fish is subjected to artificial insemination, and ovum and sperm of the parent fish are respectively and lightly pressed in a container prepared in advance from the abdomen, the egg and sperm mixture is lightly stirred for 30s by chicken feather immediately, and then the sperm and egg mixture is lightly washed by physiological saline with the osmotic pressure of 290mOsm/L and the temperature of 20 ℃, and the roe and sperm mixture is lightly stirred along the clockwise direction by the chicken feather while the washing is carried out to remove the redundant sperm. After washing 3 times, the sperm-egg mixture was placed in a hatching jar for hatching.

9. Fish egg hatching

A circular hatching glass jar with the diameter of 150cm is adopted, a transparent plastic plate with the thickness of 10mm is hung in the jar, the distance between the plastic plate and the bottom surface of the jar is 5cm, the distance between the plastic plate and the wall of the jar is 2cm, the plate is hollow, and a gas injection port with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on one side of the plate. The plastic plate is provided with smooth arc grooves which are distributed in a grid shape, so that the fish egg membranes are prevented from being broken by friction and piled up due to the twisting of fish fries during incubation. The diameter of the upper edge of each groove is 5mm, small holes with the diameter of 1.5mm are formed between every two adjacent grooves, the small holes are communicated with the inside of the hollow part of the transparent plastic plate, oxygen enters from the air injection port during fish egg hatching and flows out through the small holes distributed in a net shape, and therefore the fact that the hatching rate is reduced due to the fact that the oxygen content is different locally dissolved is avoided. Each fish egg is not contacted with each other and monopolizes a groove, so that sinking eggs can be prevented from being accumulated due to water flow and breeding of mould. The bottom of the hatching tank is padded with a black cloth, so that dead eggs can be conveniently picked out through a transparent plastic plate in the hatching process. During incubation, the flow rates of the water inlet on the wall of the pot and the water outlet on the bottom of the pot are consistent, and the pot is in a running water incubation state. 4000-5000 fish eggs are placed in each jar. The fish eggs are placed in an incubation glass jar, clear water is injected, the water surface is 3cm above the fish eggs, no strong light source is used for irradiating the incubation glass jar, the water temperature is 20 ℃, the pH value is 7.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 7.2 mg/L. In order to prevent abnormal fry caused by the roe embryo being irradiated by strong light, the hatching chamber is not irradiated by strong light source.

30100 fertilized fish eggs are obtained, the fertilization rate is 92.3%, after the fish eggs are incubated for 120h, the fry begins to be incubated, after the fish eggs are incubated for 162h, the fry is incubated to be finished, 23260 fries are obtained, the incubation rate is 83.7%, and the abnormality rate of the fries is 1.2% during the pellicular emergence.

10. Fry rearing

Feeding 8 days after the membrane rupture of the fry, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, feeding pasty bait nbf1 in 1 st to 15 th days of the feeding period for 4 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 8mL/m². Feeding mixed bait nbf2 and rotifer in 16-30 days for 3 times per day with feeding amount of 150 ten thousand/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 15g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. Feeding mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days with feeding amount of 10g/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 15g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. After 60 days of opening, only 111 juvenile carp compound feed can be fed, the feeding amount is 3% according to the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 15min each time.

In the fry breeding stage, 22360 fries are obtained, the survival rate is 96.1 percent, and the deformity rate is 0.6 percent.

Example 2

Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus

1. Constructing a farming system

Establishing a parent fish culture pond, constructing a culture system, and controlling the illumination period at 9h, the temperature at 20 ℃, the flow rate at 40m/min, the water transparency at 95cm, the dissolved oxygen at 7.0mg/L and the pH value at 7.6 from 10 months to 2 months in the next year; in 3-9 months, the illumination period is controlled at 12h, the temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the flow rate is controlled at 45m/min, the water transparency is controlled at 95cm, the dissolved oxygen is controlled at 7.5mg/L, and the pH value is controlled at 7.8.

2. Bait preparation

The pasty bait nbf1 is a mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, multi-dimensional element tablet and water, wherein the mass ratio of the cooked egg yolk to the shrimp to the multi-dimensional element tablet to the water is 250:10:8: 750.

The mixed bait nbf2 is a mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin tablets and water, wherein the cooked egg yolk is the mixture of the shrimp: the soybean milk is prepared from the freshly ground soybean, a multi-vitamin tablet and water in a mass ratio of 250:10:250:8: 500.

The mixed bait nbf3 is a mixture of freshly ground soybean milk, shrimps, powdery feed containing 45% of crude protein, vitamin D3 calcium tablets, multi-vitamin tablets and water, and the mass ratio of the freshly ground soybean milk to the shrimps to the powdery feed containing 45% of crude protein to the vitamin D3 calcium tablets to the multi-vitamin tablets to the water is 250:10:250:10:8:500 (mass ratio).

3. Source of parent fish

The same parent fish as in example 1.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The cultivation pond with the specification of 10m long, 5m wide and 3m high is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the wall of the pond is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned for 30min each time for 3 times. And after the cleaning is finished, injecting water into the culture pond to ensure that the water level in the culture pond reaches 1.5m, disinfecting the parent fish, putting the parent fish into the culture pond, covering the culture pond with a black shading net, wherein the height of the water level in the culture pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the culture pond are both 1.5m, the flow rate is 30m/min, and the water quality transparency is 100 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, the dissolved oxygen is 7.5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8, and the temperature is 25 ℃. Feeding the artificially synthesized granulated feed once every 10:00 and 16:00 days. After domestication for 5 days, 13 fishes of parent fishes die together.

5. Parent fish selection

Selecting 720 male and female parent fishes of the soft-fin neolippia with normal shape, no obvious deformity, good growth and no diseases from the breeding pond at 11/1/9 am in 2018, transferring to a new breeding pond after disinfection, and culturing at the density of 2.8kg/m³. The ratio of male to female is 1:1.4, a black shading net is covered on the culture pond, and the artificially synthesized granulated feed is fed twice every day.

6. Parent fish rearing

The culture system constructed in the culture pond simulates good spawning conditions for parent fish. Under the stimulation of various conditions, the sexual maturity of parent fish can be promoted, so that the parent fish can lay eggs. The sexually mature parent fish is mainly characterized in that: the male and female lips are all provided with a pearl star, the male, dorsal fins and tail fins are red, and the rear ends of the hip fins are long; female, light dorsal fin, caudate fin, blunt round posterior fin.

7. Is provided with a spawning fish bed

Before the spawning period of parent fish, a spawning fish bed is arranged at the gentle position of water flow in the fish pond to induce parent fish to spawn, and the surface of the fish bed is 20m²Suspended in water and the fish bed 15cm from the water surface.

8. Artificial insemination

The gonads of the parent fishes grow mature to the position before the parent fishes lay eggs, the parent fishes jump to the fish bed to lay eggs naturally, and the parent fishes on the fish bed are collected after the parent fishes jump to the fish bed. 5 months and 5 days in 2019, before artificial insemination, quality evaluation is carried out on the sperms of the soft-fin neolabial protuberans, and the average sperm density is 18.5 multiplied by 10⁹number/mL, average activity 87.6%, average life 73.4 s. The collected parent fish is subjected to artificial insemination, and ovum and sperm of the parent fish are respectively lightly pressed in a container prepared in advance from the abdomen, the egg and sperm are immediately and lightly stirred for 30s by chicken feather, the sperm-egg mixture is lightly washed by physiological saline with osmotic pressure of 310mOsm/L and temperature of 23 ℃, and the roe-sperm mixture is lightly stirred by chicken feather along the clockwise direction while washing to remove excess sperm. After washing 3 times, the sperm-egg mixture was placed in a hatching jar for hatching.

9. Fish egg hatching

A circular hatching glass jar with the diameter of 150cm is adopted, a transparent plastic plate with the thickness of 10mm is hung in the jar, the distance between the plastic plate and the bottom surface of the jar is 5cm, the distance between the plastic plate and the wall of the jar is 2cm, the plate is hollow, and a gas injection port with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on one side of the plate. The plastic plate is provided with smooth arc grooves which are distributed in a grid shape, so that the fish egg membranes are prevented from being broken by friction and piled up due to the twisting of fish fries during incubation. The diameter of the upper edge of each groove is 5mm, small holes with the diameter of 1.5mm are formed between every two adjacent grooves, the small holes are communicated with the inside of the hollow part of the transparent plastic plate, oxygen enters from the air injection port during fish egg hatching and flows out through the small holes distributed in a net shape, and therefore the fact that the hatching rate is reduced due to the fact that the oxygen content is different locally dissolved is avoided. Each fish egg is not contacted with each other and monopolizes a groove, so that sinking eggs can be prevented from being accumulated due to water flow and breeding of mould. The bottom of the hatching tank is padded with a black cloth, so that dead eggs can be conveniently picked out through a transparent plastic plate in the hatching process. During incubation, the flow rates of the water inlet on the wall of the pot and the water outlet on the bottom of the pot are consistent, and the pot is in a running water incubation state. 5000 roes are put in each jar. The fish eggs are placed in an incubation glass jar, clear water is injected, the water surface is 5cm above the fish eggs, no strong light source is used for irradiating the incubation glass jar, the water temperature is 23 ℃, the pH value is 8.5, and the dissolved oxygen is 8.0 mg/L. In order to prevent abnormal fry caused by the roe embryo being irradiated by strong light, the hatching chamber is not irradiated by strong light source. 31500 fertilized fish eggs are obtained, the fertilization rate is 94.7%, after the fish eggs are incubated for 120h, the fry begins to be incubated, after the fish eggs are incubated for 162h, the fry is incubated to be finished, 23370 fries are obtained, the hatchability is 84.6%, and the aberration rate of the fry during the pellicularization is 1.17%.

10. Fry rearing

Feeding the fry 8 days after the rupture of membranes, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, feeding pulpy bait nbf1 in 1 st to 15 th days in the feeding period for 4 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 10mL/m². Feeding mixed bait nbf2 and rotifers on 16 th to 30 th days, wherein feeding is carried out 3 times a day, and feeding amount of the rotifers is 150 ten thousand per m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 17g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. Feeding mixed bait nbf3 in 31 th to 60 th days, wherein the feeding amount is 12g/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 17g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. After 60 days of opening, only 111 juvenile carp compound feed can be fed, the feeding amount is 4% according to the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 30min each time.

In the fry breeding stage, 22920 tails of fries are obtained, the survival rate is 98.1 percent, and the deformity rate is 0.5 percent.

Example 3

Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus

1. Constructing a farming system

Establishing a parent fish culture pond, constructing a culture system, and controlling the illumination period at 9h, the temperature at 18 ℃, the flow rate at 35m/min, the water transparency at 93cm, the dissolved oxygen at 6.6mg/L and the pH at 7.4 from 10 months to 2 months in the next year; in 3-9 months, the illumination period is controlled at 12h, the temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, the flow rate is controlled at 42m/min, the water transparency is controlled at 93cm, the dissolved oxygen is controlled at 7.0mg/L, and the pH is controlled at 7.6.

2. Bait preparation

The pasty bait nbf1 is a mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, multi-dimensional element tablet and water, wherein the mass ratio of the cooked egg yolk to the shrimp to the multi-dimensional element tablet to the water is 250:10:8: 750.

The mixed bait nbf2 is a mixture of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin tablets and water, wherein the cooked egg yolk is the mixture of the shrimp: the soybean milk is prepared from the freshly ground soybean, a multi-vitamin tablet and water in a mass ratio of 250:10:250:8: 500.

The mixed bait nbf3 is a mixture of freshly ground soybean milk, shrimps, powdery feed containing 45% of crude protein, vitamin D3 calcium tablets, multi-vitamin tablets and water, and the mass ratio of the freshly ground soybean milk to the shrimps to the powdery feed containing 45% of crude protein to the vitamin D3 calcium tablets to the multi-vitamin tablets to the water is 250:10:250:10:8:500 (mass ratio).

3. Source of parent fish

The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to obtain parent fish.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The cultivation pond with the specification of 10m long, 5m wide and 3m high is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the wall of the pond is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned for 3 times by clear water, and each time lasts for 35 min. And after the cleaning is finished, injecting water into the culture pond to ensure that the water level in the culture pond reaches 1.5m, disinfecting the parent fish, putting the parent fish into the culture pond, covering the culture pond with a black shading net, wherein the height of the water level in the culture pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the culture pond are both 1.5m, the flow rate is 35m/min, and the water quality transparency is 95 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, the dissolved oxygen is 6.8mg/L, the pH value is 7.5, and the temperature is 20 ℃. Feeding the artificially synthesized granulated feed once every 10:00 and 16:00 days. After domestication for 5 days, 12 fishes of parent fishes die together.

5. Parent fish selection

Selecting 720 male and female parent fishes of the soft-fin neolippia with normal shape, no obvious deformity, good growth and no diseases from the breeding pond at 11/1/9 am in 2018, transferring to a new breeding pond after disinfection, and culturing at the density of 2.7kg/m³. The ratio of male to female is 1:1.4, a black shading net is covered on the culture pond, and the artificially synthesized granulated feed is fed twice every day.

6. Parent fish rearing

The culture system constructed in the culture pond simulates good spawning conditions for parent fish. Under the stimulation of various conditions, the sexual maturity of parent fish can be promoted, so that the parent fish can lay eggs. The sexually mature parent fish is mainly characterized in that: the male and female lips are all provided with a pearl star, the male, dorsal fins and tail fins are red, and the rear ends of the hip fins are long; female, light dorsal fin, caudate fin, blunt round posterior fin.

7. Is provided with a spawning fish bed

Before the spawning period of parent fish, a spawning fish bed is arranged at the gentle position of water flow in the fish pond to induce parent fish to spawn, and the surface of the fish bed is 15m²Suspended in water and the fish bed surface is 12cm from the water surface.

8. Artificial insemination

The gonads of the parent fishes grow mature to the position before the parent fishes lay eggs, the parent fishes jump to the fish bed to lay eggs naturally, and the parent fishes on the fish bed are collected after the parent fishes jump to the fish bed. 5 months and 5 days in 2019, before artificial insemination, quality evaluation is carried out on the sperms of the soft-fin neolabial protuberans, and the average sperm density is 18.4 multiplied by 10⁹number/mL, average activity 87.8%, average life 73.4 s. Performing artificial insemination on the collected parent fish, lightly squeezing ovum and sperm of the parent fish from the abdomen into a container prepared in advance, stirring gently with chicken feather for 30s, flushing the sperm-egg mixture with physiological saline with osmotic pressure of 300mOsm/L and temperature of 22 deg.C, and stirring gently with chicken feather clockwise to remove excessive semen. After washing 3 times, the sperm-egg mixture was placed in a hatching jar for hatching.

9. Fish egg hatching

A circular hatching glass jar with the diameter of 150cm is adopted, a transparent plastic plate with the thickness of 10mm is hung in the jar, the distance between the plastic plate and the bottom surface of the jar is 5cm, the distance between the plastic plate and the wall of the jar is 2cm, the plate is hollow, and a gas injection port with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on one side of the plate. The plastic plate is provided with smooth arc grooves which are distributed in a grid shape, so that the fish egg membranes are prevented from being broken by friction and piled up due to the twisting of fish fries during incubation. The diameter of the upper edge of each groove is 5mm, small holes with the diameter of 1.5mm are formed between every two adjacent grooves, the small holes are communicated with the inside of the hollow part of the transparent plastic plate, oxygen enters from the air injection port during fish egg hatching and flows out through the small holes distributed in a net shape, and therefore the fact that the hatching rate is reduced due to the fact that the oxygen content is different locally dissolved is avoided. Each fish egg is not contacted with each other and monopolizes a groove, so that sinking eggs can be prevented from being accumulated due to water flow and breeding of mould. The bottom of the hatching tank is padded with a black cloth, so that dead eggs can be conveniently picked out through a transparent plastic plate in the hatching process. During incubation, the flow rates of the water inlet on the wall of the pot and the water outlet on the bottom of the pot are consistent, and the pot is in a running water incubation state. 4500 roe granules were placed in each jar. The fish eggs are placed in an incubation glass jar, clear water is injected, the water surface is 4cm above the fish eggs, no strong light source is used for irradiating the incubation glass jar, the water temperature is 21 ℃, the pH value is 8.0, and the dissolved oxygen is 7.8 mg/L. In order to prevent abnormal fry caused by the roe embryo being irradiated by strong light, the hatching chamber is not irradiated by strong light source. 30460 fertilized fish eggs, the fertilization rate is 94.1%, after the fish eggs are incubated for 120h, the fry begins to be incubated, after the fish eggs are incubated for 162h, the fry is incubated to be finished, 23820 tails of the fry are obtained, the incubation rate is 86.4%, and the abnormality rate of the fry during the film emergence is 1.12%.

10. Fry rearing

Feeding 8 days after the membrane rupture of the fry, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, feeding pasty bait nbf1 in 1 st to 15 th days of the feeding period for 4 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 9mL/m². Feeding mixed bait nbf2 and rotifer in 16-30 days for 3 times per day with feeding amount of 150 ten thousand/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 16g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. Feeding mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days with feeding amount of 11g/m²(ii) a Meanwhile, the fine powder is nitrified at 10:00 am every dayThe bacteria count is 16g/m²Regulating water quality. After 60 days of opening, the feed can be fed to 111 juvenile carps only, the feeding amount is 3.5% of the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 20min each time.

In the fry breeding stage, 22890 fries are obtained, the survival rate is 96.1 percent, and the deformity rate is 0.5 percent.

Comparative example 1

Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus

1. Constructing a farming system

Establishing a parent fish culture pond, adopting uniform environmental parameters, namely natural illumination, controlling the temperature at 20 ℃, controlling the flow rate at 40m/min, controlling the water transparency at 93cm, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 6.6mg/L and controlling the pH at 7.4.

2. Bait preparation

Baits as in example 1.

3. Source of parent fish

The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to obtain parent fish.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The cultivation pond with the specification of 10m long, 5m wide and 3m high is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the wall of the pond is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned for 3 times by clear water, and each time lasts for 35 min. And after the cleaning is finished, injecting water into the culture pond to ensure that the water level in the culture pond reaches 1.5m, disinfecting the parent fish, putting the parent fish into the culture pond, covering the culture pond with a black shading net, wherein the height of the water level in the culture pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the culture pond are both 1.5m, the flow rate is 40m/min, and the water quality transparency is 93 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, dissolved oxygen is 6.6mg/L, the pH value is 7.4, and the temperature is 20 ℃. Feeding the artificially synthesized granulated feed once every 10:00 and 16:00 days. After domestication for 5 days, 25 fish of the parent fishes die together.

5. Parent fish selection

Selecting 240 soft-fin neolippia male and female parent fishes with normal shapes, no obvious deformity, good growth and no diseases from the breeding pond at 9 am of 10.30 days in 2008, transferring to a new breeding pond after disinfection, and breeding density is 2.7kg/m³. The ratio of male to female is 1:1.4, a black shading net is covered on the culture pond, and the artificially synthesized granulated feed is fed twice every day.

6. Parent fish rearing

Under the stimulation of various conditions, the sexual maturity of parent fish can be promoted to a certain extent so as to lay eggs, but the sexual maturity rate is low, and the gonad development condition is not good. The sexually mature parent fish is mainly characterized in that: the male and female lips are all provided with a pearl star, the male, dorsal fins and tail fins are red, and the rear ends of the hip fins are long; female, light dorsal fin, caudate fin, blunt round posterior fin.

7. Is provided with a spawning fish bed

Before the spawning period of parent fish, a spawning fish bed is arranged at the gentle position of water flow in the fish pond to induce parent fish to spawn, and the surface of the fish bed is 15m²Suspended in water and the fish bed surface is 12cm from the water surface.

8. Artificial insemination

The gonads of the parent fishes grow mature to the position before the parent fishes lay eggs, the parent fishes jump to the fish bed to lay eggs naturally, and the parent fishes on the fish bed are collected after the parent fishes jump to the fish bed. Quality evaluation of sperm of soft-fin neolabiate cleft fish in 5 months and 1 day in 2009 before artificial insemination, wherein the average sperm density is 12.6 × 10⁸number/mL, average activity 67.5%, average life 70.2 s. The collected parent fish is subjected to artificial insemination, and ovum and sperm of the parent fish are respectively lightly pressed in a container prepared in advance from the abdomen, the egg and sperm are immediately and lightly stirred for 30s by chicken feather, the sperm-egg mixture is lightly washed by physiological saline with osmotic pressure of 300mOsm/L and temperature of 22 ℃, and the roe-sperm mixture is lightly stirred by chicken feather along the clockwise direction while washing to remove excess sperm. After washing 3 times, the sperm-egg mixture was placed in a hatching jar for hatching.

9. Fish egg hatching

A circular hatching glass jar with the diameter of 150cm is adopted, a transparent plastic plate with the thickness of 10mm is hung in the jar, the distance between the plastic plate and the bottom surface of the jar is 5cm, the distance between the plastic plate and the wall of the jar is 2cm, the plate is hollow, and a gas injection port with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on one side of the plate. The plastic plate is provided with smooth arc grooves which are distributed in a grid shape, so that the fish egg membranes are prevented from being broken by friction and piled up due to the twisting of fish fries during incubation. The diameter of the upper edge of each groove is 5mm, small holes with the diameter of 1.5mm are formed between every two adjacent grooves, the small holes are communicated with the inside of the hollow part of the transparent plastic plate, oxygen enters from the air injection port during fish egg hatching and flows out through the small holes distributed in a net shape, and therefore the fact that the hatching rate is reduced due to the fact that the oxygen content is different locally dissolved is avoided. Each fish egg is not contacted with each other and monopolizes a groove, so that sinking eggs can be prevented from being accumulated due to water flow and breeding of mould. The bottom of the hatching tank is padded with a black cloth, so that dead eggs can be conveniently picked out through a transparent plastic plate in the hatching process. During incubation, the flow rates of the water inlet on the wall of the pot and the water outlet on the bottom of the pot are consistent, and the pot is in a running water incubation state. 4500 roe granules were placed in each jar. The fish eggs are placed in an incubation glass jar, clear water is injected, the water surface is 4cm above the fish eggs, no strong light source is used for irradiating the incubation glass jar, the water temperature is 20 ℃, the pH value is 7.4, and the dissolved oxygen is 6.6 mg/L. In order to prevent abnormal fry caused by the roe embryo being irradiated by strong light, the hatching chamber is not irradiated by strong light source. 19600 fertilized fish eggs, the fertility rate is 60.0 percent, after the fish eggs are incubated for 120 hours, the fry begins to be incubated, after the fish eggs are incubated for 165 hours, the fry is incubated to be finished, 4120 fries are obtained, the hatchability is 35.0 percent, and the aberration rate of the fries is 35.6 percent when the fries are hatched.

10. Fry rearing

Feeding 8 days after the membrane rupture of the fry, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, feeding pasty bait nbf1 in 1 st to 15 th days of the feeding period for 4 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 9mL/m². Feeding mixed bait nbf2 and rotifer in 16-30 days for 3 times per day with feeding amount of 150 ten thousand/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 16g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. Feeding mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days with feeding amount of 11g/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 16g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. After 60 days of opening, the feed can be fed to 111 juvenile carps only, the feeding amount is 3.5% of the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 20min each time.

In the fry breeding stage, 2000 fries are obtained, the survival rate is 48.5 percent, and the deformity rate is 30.5 percent.

Comparative example 2

Artificial propagation method for neolabeo fasciatus

1. Constructing a farming system

Establishing a parent fish culture pond, adopting uniform environmental parameters, namely natural illumination, controlling the temperature at 20 ℃, controlling the flow rate at 40m/min, controlling the water transparency at 93cm, controlling the dissolved oxygen at 6.6mg/L and controlling the pH at 7.4.

2. Bait preparation

Baits as in example 1.

3. Source of parent fish

The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated to obtain parent fish.

4. Domesticating parent fish

The cultivation pond with the specification of 10m long, 5m wide and 3m high is emptied in advance and exposed to the sun for 3 days, then the wall of the pond is cleaned by a long brush, and is soaked for 1 day by potassium permanganate and then is cleaned for 3 times by clear water, and each time lasts for 35 min. And after the cleaning is finished, injecting water into the culture pond to ensure that the water level in the culture pond reaches 1.5m, disinfecting the parent fish, putting the parent fish into the culture pond, covering the culture pond with a black shading net, wherein the height of the water level in the culture pond and the height of a water discharge channel outside the culture pond are both 1.5m, the flow rate is 40m/min, and the water quality transparency is 93 cm. Oxygen supply equipment is arranged in the pool, dissolved oxygen is 6.6mg/L, the pH value is 7.4, and the temperature is 20 ℃. Feeding the artificially synthesized granulated feed once every 10:00 and 16:00 days. After domestication for 5 days, 25 fish of the parent fishes die together.

5. Parent fish selection

Selecting 240 soft-fin neolippia male and female parent fishes with normal shapes, no obvious deformity, good growth and no diseases from the culture pond at 9 am of 10 months and 30 days in 2010, transferring the sterilized soft-fin neolippia male and female parent fishes to a new culture pond, and culturing at a culture density of 2.7kg/m³. The ratio of male to female is 1:1.4, a black shading net is covered on the culture pond, and the artificially synthesized granulated feed is fed twice every day.

6. Parent fish rearing

Under the stimulation of various conditions, the sexual maturity of parent fish can be promoted to a certain extent so as to lay eggs, but the sexual maturity rate is low, and the gonad development condition is not good. The sexually mature parent fish is mainly characterized in that: the male and female lips are all provided with a pearl star, the male, dorsal fins and tail fins are red, and the rear ends of the hip fins are long; female, light dorsal fin, caudate fin, blunt round posterior fin.

7. Is provided with a spawning fish bed

Before the spawning period of parent fish, a spawning fish bed is arranged at the gentle position of water flow in the fish pond to induce parent fish to spawn, and the surface of the fish bed is 15m²Suspended in water and the fish bed surface is 12cm from the water surface.

8. Artificial insemination

Mature gonad of parent fish, induce spawning, dilute with 0.9% normal saline and mix with oxytocin [ luteinizing hormone releasing hormone A2(LHRH-A2, Ningbo second hormone factory) 2.0 μ g/kg and diutanone maleate (DOM, Ningbo second hormone factory) 1.0mg/kg]Intramuscular injection, and half the injection dosage of the male fish. Injecting for about 24h to perform artificial insemination, and performing quality evaluation on the sperms of the soft-fin neolabial carps, wherein the average sperm density is 3.8 multiplied by 10⁹number/mL, average activity 85%, average life 72 s. Then, the ovum and sperm of the parent fish were each gently pressed from the abdomen thereof into a previously prepared container, immediately gently stirred with chicken feather for 30 seconds, and then the sperm-egg mixture was gently washed with physiological saline at 22 ℃ under an osmotic pressure of 300mOsm/L, while the roe-sperm mixture was gently stirred clockwise with chicken feather to remove excess sperm. After washing 3 times, the sperm-egg mixture was placed in a hatching jar for hatching.

9. Fish egg hatching

A circular hatching glass jar with the diameter of 150cm is adopted, a transparent plastic plate with the thickness of 10mm is hung in the jar, the distance between the plastic plate and the bottom surface of the jar is 5cm, the distance between the plastic plate and the wall of the jar is 2cm, the plate is hollow, and a gas injection port with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on one side of the plate. The plastic plate is provided with smooth arc grooves which are distributed in a grid shape, so that the fish egg membranes are prevented from being broken by friction and piled up due to the twisting of fish fries during incubation. The diameter of the upper edge of each groove is 5mm, small holes with the diameter of 1.5mm are formed between every two adjacent grooves, the small holes are communicated with the inside of the hollow part of the transparent plastic plate, oxygen enters from the air injection port during fish egg hatching and flows out through the small holes distributed in a net shape, and therefore the fact that the hatching rate is reduced due to the fact that the oxygen content is different locally dissolved is avoided. Each fish egg is not contacted with each other and monopolizes a groove, so that sinking eggs can be prevented from being accumulated due to water flow and breeding of mould. The bottom of the hatching tank is padded with a black cloth, so that dead eggs can be conveniently picked out through a transparent plastic plate in the hatching process. During incubation, the flow rates of the water inlet on the wall of the pot and the water outlet on the bottom of the pot are consistent, and the pot is in a running water incubation state. 4500 roe granules were placed in each jar. The fish eggs are placed in an incubation glass jar, clear water is injected, the water surface is 4cm above the fish eggs, no strong light source is used for irradiating the incubation glass jar, the water temperature is 20 ℃, the pH value is 7.4, and the dissolved oxygen is 6.6 mg/L. In order to prevent abnormal fry caused by the roe embryo being irradiated by strong light, the hatching chamber is not irradiated by strong light source. 26000 fertilized fish eggs are obtained, the fertilization rate is 85.0%, after the fish eggs are incubated for 120h, the fry begins to be incubated, after the fish eggs are incubated for 165h, the fry is incubated to be finished, 8840 fries are obtained, the incubation rate is 40%, and the distortion rate of the fries is 32% during the pellicular emergence.

10. Fry rearing

Feeding 8 days after the membrane rupture of the fry, feeding different feeds in stages in the feeding period, feeding pasty bait nbf1 in 1 st to 15 th days of the feeding period for 4 times every day, wherein the feeding amount is 9mL/m². Feeding mixed bait nbf2 and rotifer in 16-30 days for 3 times per day with feeding amount of 150 ten thousand/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 16g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. Feeding mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days with feeding amount of 11g/m²(ii) a Simultaneously using nitrobacteria at a ratio of 16g/m at 10:00 am every day²Regulating water quality. After 60 days of opening, the feed can be fed to 111 juvenile carps only, the feeding amount is 3.5% of the bait coefficient, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 20min each time.

4500 fish fry tails are obtained in the fry breeding stage, the survival rate is 50.9 percent, and the deformity rate is 20 percent.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An artificial propagation method of neolabeo fasciatus is characterized by comprising the following steps:

placing the female parent fish and the male parent fish in a breeding pond for parent fish breeding, wherein the total breeding density of the two parent fishes is 2.5-2.8 kg/m³(ii) a The environmental parameters of the culture pond are as follows: the flow velocity of water flow is 30-45 m/min, the water quality transparency is 90-100 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.5 mg/L, the pH value of water is 7.2-7.8, the water temperature is 16-25 ℃, and the illumination period is 9-12 h;

shading treatment is carried out on the breeding pond during the parent fish breeding period, and artificially synthesized pellet feed is fed for 2 times every day to obtain female parent fish for spawning and male parent fish for producing essence;

collecting ova from the spawned female parent fish, collecting sperms from the spawned male parent fish, performing artificial insemination on the collected ova and sperms, hatching, and feeding the hatched fries to obtain the neolabiate finch.

2. The artificial propagation method of labiate minora fasciata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selection criteria of female and male parent fishes are normal-morphology, well-grown and disease-free female and male parent fishes.

3. The artificial propagation method of the labiatae minora fasciatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the number ratio of the female parent fish to the male parent fish is 1 (1.4-1.5).

4. The artificial propagation method of acrossocheilus fasciatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding pond is sterilized before the parent fish is bred;

the disinfection method comprises the steps of washing the culture pond, disinfecting and soaking the culture pond for 1d by using a potassium permanganate solution, and then cleaning the culture pond for 3-4 times for 30-40 min each time by using clear water.

5. The artificial propagation method of acrossocheilus fasciatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the water level of the culture pond is 1.5 m.

6. The artificial propagation method of the acrossocheilus fasciatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the environmental parameters of the culture pond are as follows according to specific conditions of different months:

in the period from 10 months to 2 months of the next year, the illumination period is 9-10 h, the water temperature is 16-20 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 30-40 m/min, the transparency of water quality is 90-95 cm, the dissolved oxygen of water is 6.2-7.0 mg/L, and the pH value of water is 7.2-7.6;

in 3 to 9 months, the illumination period is 11 to 12 hours, the water temperature is 18 to 25 ℃, the flow rate of water flow is 40 to 45m/min, the transparency of the water is 90 to 95cm, the dissolved oxygen of the water is 6.6 to 7.5mg/L, and the pH value of the water is 7.4 to 7.8.

7. The artificial propagation method of labiate minora finnishiki according to claim 6, characterized in that a spawning fish bed is provided at the later stage of parent fish breeding;

the setting method of the spawning fish bed comprises the step of setting the spawning fish bed in a suspension manner at the gentle water flow position of the culture pond, so that the height of the upper surface of the spawning fish bed from the water surface is 10-15 cm, and the area of the spawning fish bed is 10-20 m²。

8. The artificial propagation method of acrossocheilus fasciatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the artificial insemination method comprises instantly mixing ovum and sperm just collected from parent fish, slowly stirring with feather for 30-40 s, and washing the sperm-egg mixture with physiological saline;

the osmotic pressure of the normal saline is 290-310 mOsm/L, and the temperature is 20-23 ℃.

9. The artificial propagation method of acrossocheilus fasciatus according to claim 8, wherein the incubation method comprises the steps of putting the sperm-egg mixture into an incubation container, injecting clear water to enable the water surface to be 3-5 cm higher than the sperm-egg mixture, avoiding illumination, enabling the water temperature to be 20-23 ℃, enabling the pH value of the water to be 7.5-8.5, and enabling the dissolved oxygen of the water to be 7.2-8.0 mg/L;

the feeding method is characterized in that feeding is started 8 days after the membrane of the fry is broken, and nitrobacteria are used for feeding every day according to the proportion of 15-17 g/m²Is added to adjust the water quality.

10. The artificial propagation method of neolippia softfin as claimed in claim 9, wherein said feeding is fed with different feeds in stages:

feeding the pasty bait nbf1 for 1-15 days of feeding, wherein the feeding is carried out for 4 times every day, and the feeding amount is 8-10 mL/m²(ii) a The paste bait nbf1 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:8:750 of cooked egg yolk, shrimp, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

first of food intakeFeeding mixed bait nbf2 and rotifers for 16-30 days, wherein feeding is carried out 3 times per day, and feeding amount of the rotifers is 150 ten thousand/m²(ii) a The mixed bait nbf2 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:250:8:500 of a mixture of boiled egg yolk, shrimp, freshly ground soybean milk, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

feeding the mixed bait nbf3 at 31-60 days of feeding, wherein the feeding amount is 10-12 g/m²(ii) a The mixed bait nbf3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass of 250:10:250:10:8:500 of mixture of freshly ground soybean milk, shrimps, feed containing crude protein with the mass concentration of 45%, vitamin D3 calcium tablets, multi-vitamin tablets and water;

and feeding the 111 juvenile carps with the compound feed on 61 th and later days of feeding, wherein the feeding amount is 3-4% of the bait coefficient, and the juvenile carps are completely fed within 15-30 min each time.