CN100355337C - Artificial hybridization and breeding method for male Paralichthys dentatus and female summer flounder - Google Patents
Artificial hybridization and breeding method for male Paralichthys dentatus and female summer flounder Download PDFInfo
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- CN100355337C CN100355337C CNB2005100462073A CN200510046207A CN100355337C CN 100355337 C CN100355337 C CN 100355337C CN B2005100462073 A CNB2005100462073 A CN B2005100462073A CN 200510046207 A CN200510046207 A CN 200510046207A CN 100355337 C CN100355337 C CN 100355337C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an artificial hybridization and breeding method for summer flounder and Polivaceas, which belongs to the fields of the breeding and the aquaculture of fishes. The method comprises the following steps: (1) respectively taking the summer flounder as a male parent and the Polivaceas as a female parent, enriching the nutrition, controlling the environment, prompting the synchronous maturation of gonads and obtaining mature sperms and ova; 2). hatching fertilized ova for hybridization; 3). culturing larvae and juveniles for the hybridization; 4). enriching the nutrition of weaning bait and series bait in the fry breeding stage, and feeding the weaning bait and the series bait. The artificial hybridization and breeding technology for male summer flounder and female Polivaceas not only provides substance materials for the character improvement of seawater flounder and plaice, but also lays a technical basis for adding a new aquiculture kind to the aquiculture of seawater fishes in China simultaneously, and therefore, the present invention provides basis data for the hybridization and breeding work of the seawater fishes, and has great theoretical significance and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fish breeding and aquaculture field.Specifically be to utilize summer flounder sperm and lefteye flounder ovum to carry out artificial hybridization, hatching of exomixis ovum and hybridization are young, the artificial culturing method of postlarva.
Background technology
Hybridization can be shaken the conservative of heredity sharp, makes the inheritance of hybrid be imbued with motility, has bigger plasticity, the possibility of oriented human various aspects development of cultivating.By hybridizing the vitality that not only significantly improves hybrid rapidly, obtain hybrid vigour; Can also enrich genetic structure, with two kind or above individual independent assortment of genes of kind that above hereditary basis is different, new hereditary form occur, people can select good individuality then, form new varieties through cultivation.So crossbreeding can add better new genetic character to existing kind, or makes two or more have the type combination of different good characteristics, becomes more outstanding newtype.Suitable hybridization not only can make the simple combination of dissimilar parent's merits, and can produce the merit of the super parental generation that the parent never occurred.Hybridization is the important channel of creating variation.
Summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) English is referred to as Summer flounder, also claims canine tooth lefteye flounder, Atlantic Ocean lefteye flounder, huge teeth flounder.Be distributed in North America the Atlantic coast, from the Maine State to the Florida State.Comfort zone is 5-30 ℃, and suitable salt scope is 5-35 ‰, and pH accommodation is 6.0-8.2, and dissolved oxygen accommodation is 4-12mg/L.(P.olivaceas) compares with lefteye flounder, the summer flounder have fast growth, heat-resisting ability is strong, merits such as fine and tender taste deliciousness.But low temperature tolerance ability is poor than lefteye flounder.At present, yet there are no summer flounder and the relevant report of lefteye flounder hybridization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide flounder and the artificial breeding technique of the female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization method and the first generation of hybrid, i.e. flounder of male summer (♂) and (♀) artificial hybridization of female lefteye flounder and seedling-cultivating method of male summer of marine fishes.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Male summer flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method, with the summer flounder as male parent and lefteye flounder as female parent, by the parent is carried out fortification and environment conditioning, impel its sexual gland ripe synchronously, obtain mature sperm and ovum, carry out the artificial hybridization insemination, comprise the steps:
1) respectively to the summer flounder and lefteye flounder carry out fortification and environment conditioning, impel its sexual gland ripe synchronously, obtain mature sperm and ovum;
2) get summer flounder mature sperm and lefteye flounder mature egg and carry out artificial insemination;
Describedly get summer flounder mature sperm and the lefteye flounder mature egg carries out artificial insemination, be meant summer flounder seminal fluid is splashed in the lefteye flounder ovum, add sea-water activated sperm, constantly stirred 2～3 minutes, adding seawater and left standstill 5～7 minutes, filter with 80 mesh sieve tulles, is 15～19 ℃ of sand filtration seawater flushing fertilized eggs 3～5 times with temperature, fertilized egg is put into graduated cylinder leave standstill, get the come-up ovum and hatch;
3) artificial regulatory incubating oosperm;
Described artificial regulatory incubating oosperm is meant 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 30～32 ‰, and pH8.0～8.2, aeration quantity is 10～20L/m per hour
3Hatch under the condition;
4) artificial regulatory son, postlarva are cultivated;
Described artificial regulatory son, postlarva are cultivated, and are meant 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 30～32 ‰, and pH8.0～8.2, aeration quantity is changed from small to big, and the envirment factor that quantity of exchanged water increases is gradually carried out artificial regulatory;
5) open-mouthed bait and seed rearing phase series bait throws something and feeds;
Throwing something and feeding of described open-mouthed bait and seed rearing phase series bait is meant that open-mouthed bait is the wheel animalcule or the shellfish young; Training seedling whole process using wheel animalcule → artemia nauplii → mixed bait, fry grows during throw something and feed in early days wheel animalcule and the artemia nauplii, adds marine chlorella, and chlorella density keeps 80-120 ten thousand cell/ml; The program of throwing something and feeding: the 3-35 days wheel animalcules of throwing something and feeding in hatching back, keep 8-10/ml by the density of throwing something and feeding 20-40/ml in the water body; The 16-60 days artemia naupliis of throwing something and feeding in hatching back, the density of throwing something and feeding 10-20/ml, keeping density in the water is 3-5/ml; Hatched back 26 days, and began to tame the mixed bait of ingesting.
In the described step 1), to the summer flounder carry out fortification, be meant that to ice bright sand lance and squid be bait, add the precious A parent population of the health nutrition fortifier account for bait weight 1.5-3%, the secondary of throwing something and feeding day; Described to the summer flounder carry out environment conditioning, be meant that intensity of illumination is 60～500Lux, light application time is the short illumination of 12L/12D-8L/16D, 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, day 1～2 full dose of quantity of exchanged water.
In the described step 1), lefteye flounder is carried out fortification, be meant that to ice bright little yellow croaker be bait, add the Vc, the 1～2%V that account for bait weight 3～5%
E, day throws something and feeds once; Described lefteye flounder is carried out environment conditioning, be meant that intensity of illumination is 60～700Lux, light application time is the long illumination of 12L/12D-16L/8D, 14～18 ℃ of water temperatures, day 2～3 full doses of quantity of exchanged water.
Described step 4) aeration quantity is changed from small to big and is meant per hour 20L/m
3In 3-5 days, increase to per hour 60L/m gradually
3Quantity of exchanged water increases gradually and is meant by be increased to every day 200～400% every day 10% gradually in 7-9 days.
In the described step 5), go again after wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii are all strengthened with nutrition fortifier and throw something and feed; Nutrition fortifier is meant Kang Ke A, and consumption is that per 1,000,000 wheel animalcules restrain Kang Ke A with 0.16-0.20, and per 100,000 artemia naupliis restrain Kang Ke A with 0.1-0.2.
Described open-mouthed bait adopts S type wheel animalcule, adopts S type wheel animalcule or L type wheel animalcule after ingesting three days.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, adopt the merit between the present invention two parents outstanding, and the pluses and minuses complementation;
2, adopt the present invention two parent possessions to manage edge kind far away, the filial generation variation amplitude is big, type is many;
3, the important breed variety of Paralichthys northern China of the present invention, with summer flounder hybridization, its filial generation also can adapt to the breeding environment of northern area, helps promoting culturing;
4, the present invention adds 80-120 ten thousand cell/ml marine chlorellas during fry grows throw something and feed in early days wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii, and hybrid seedlings grows normally, and abnormal rate is low, the survival rate height;
5, the present invention wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding in 3～35 days after hatching and strengthening through nutrition guarantees to grow fully ingesting of asynchronous seed, improves survival rate of young;
6, the present invention is in Various Seasonal, but this sexual gland of artificial regulatory amphiphilic is ripe synchronously, carries out hybrid breeding production.
The present invention be to the summer flounder and lefteye flounder carry out the artificial regulatory of nutrition and environment, impel sexual gland ripe synchronously, carry out artificial hybridization, obtain the exomixis ovum, and it hatched and hybridize the techniqueflow of son, postlarva artificial culture.Male summer of the present invention flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling growing process, not only the character improvement for the seawater left-eyed flounder provides material, has established technical foundation for China's marine fish culture increases another new breed kind simultaneously.So this invention provides the material basic data to marine fish crossbreeding work, great theory significance and wide application prospect are arranged.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
One, materials and methods
(1) male parent is cultivated: select above male summer in two ages flounder adult fish as male parent.Begin the gonad maturity reinforced cultivating in November, 2004.The parent fish rearing pond is 5.5 * 5.5 * 1.2m cement pit.Extract nature seawater, through precipitation, sand filtration, heating, a day quantity of exchanged water is 2 full doses.Throw something and feed and ice bright sand lance and squid, add the parent population nutrition fortifier (the precious A of the health that Qingdao Samuels Industrial ﹠ Commercial Co., Ltd. produces) that accounts for bait weight 3%, the secondary (8:00 and 15:00) of throwing something and feeding day.Adopt light control parent fish pond surface light photograph fully, intensity of illumination 60-500Lux, light application time transits to the short illumination of 8L/16D, 17～19 ℃ of water temperatures by 12L/12D.
(2) the maternal cultivation: female lefteye flounder adult fish is as female parent more than selecting for three ages.Begin to carry out antenatal reinforced cultivating in December, 2004.The parent fish rearing pond is the circular cement pit of radius 3.5m.Extract nature seawater, through precipitation, sand filtration, heating, a day quantity of exchanged water is 2 full doses.Throw something and feed and ice bright little yellow croaker, add the Vc, the 1%V that account for bait weight 3%
E, throw something and feed once day (9:00).Adopt light control parent fish pond surface light photograph fully, intensity of illumination is 60～700Lux, and light application time is that 12L/12D transits to the long illumination of 16L/8D, 14～16 ℃ of water temperatures.
(3) artificial hybridization insemination: the summer flounder seminal fluid of collection leaves 0～4 ℃ incubator preservation in.Select the adult female lefteye flounder, with hand along gonad by after extrude mature egg forward, summer flounder seminal fluid is splashed into, add several sea-water activated, constantly stirred 3 minutes, it is full to basin to add seawater, left standstill again 5 minutes, and filtered, use sand filtration seawater flushing fertilized egg 3 times with 80 mesh sieve tulles, fertilized egg is put into the 2000ml graduated cylinder leave standstill, the ovum that goes to float is hatched.
(4) incubating oosperm: ovum is put into the hatching net cage of 1 * 0.5m, 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 30～32 ‰, pH8.0～8.2, aeration quantity is 10～20L/m per hour
3
(5) young, postlarva is cultivated: 16～18 ℃ of water temperatures, and salinity 30～32 ‰, pH8.0～8.2, aeration quantity is by 20L/m per hour
3In 5 days, increase to per hour 60L/m gradually
3, quantity of exchanged water is by be increased to every day 200～400% every day 10% gradually in 8 days.Training seedling whole process using S type wheel animalcule → artemia nauplii → mixed bait.Open-mouthed bait is a S type wheel animalcule, S type wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii all use nutrition fortifier (the Kang Ke A that Qingdao Samuels Industrial ﹠ Commercial Co., Ltd. produces) to strengthen, per 1,000,000 wheel animalcules restrain Kang Ke A with 0.16-0.20, per 100,000 artemia naupliis restrain Kang Ke A with 0.1-0.2, the ratio that adds a premium on currency in 20 gram Kang Ke A evenly stirs 2 times with agitator, filter the back with 200 mesh sieve thin,tough silk and use, strengthen after 12 hours, row is thrown something and fed again.Fry grows during throw something and feed in early days wheel animalcule and the artemia nauplii, adds marine chlorella, and chlorella density keeps 80-120 ten thousand cell/ml.The program of throwing something and feeding: the 3-35 days wheel animalcules of throwing something and feeding in hatching back, keep 8-10/ml by the density of throwing something and feeding 20-40/ml in the water body; The 16-60 days artemia naupliis of throwing something and feeding in hatching back, the density of throwing something and feeding 10-20/ml, keeping density in the water is 3-5/ml; Hatched back 26 days, begin to tame the mixed bait of ingesting, feeding volume is decided on the fry situation of ingesting, and can throw something and feed than the coarsegrain mixed bait with fry growth ever since, and present embodiment adopts Shandong to rise the rope fishing and rises the sub-manufactured feed of rope board fry private particle with the production of feed research center.
Two, result
On January 30th, 2005,14:30 carried out artificial hybridization, collected about 600,000 of fertilized egg, and fertilization rate is 90%; February 2, the 19:00 newly hatched larvae was hatched about 190,000 tails, and incubation rate is 31.7%; Moving into two water bodys is 8m
3The cultivation pond carry out son, postlarva and cultivate, cultivate tail surplus the above hybridization of the 2.5cm fry 90,000.
Claims (6)
1, male summer flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that with the summer flounder as male parent and lefteye flounder as female parent, by the parent is carried out fortification and environment conditioning, impel its sexual gland ripe synchronously, obtain mature sperm and ovum, carry out the artificial hybridization insemination, comprise the steps:
1) respectively to the summer flounder and lefteye flounder carry out fortification and environment conditioning, impel its sexual gland ripe synchronously, obtain mature sperm and ovum;
2) get summer flounder mature sperm and lefteye flounder mature egg and carry out artificial insemination;
Describedly get summer flounder mature sperm and the lefteye flounder mature egg carries out artificial insemination, be meant summer flounder seminal fluid is splashed in the lefteye flounder ovum, add sea-water activated sperm, constantly stirred 2～3 minutes, adding seawater and left standstill 5～7 minutes, filter with 80 mesh sieve tulles, is 15～19 ℃ of sand filtration seawater flushing fertilized eggs 3～5 times with temperature, fertilized egg is put into graduated cylinder leave standstill, get the come-up ovum and hatch;
3) artificial regulatory incubating oosperm;
Described artificial regulatory incubating oosperm is meant 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 30～32 ‰, and pH8.0～8.2, aeration quantity is 10～20L/m per hour
3Hatch under the condition;
4) artificial regulatory son, postlarva are cultivated;
Described artificial regulatory son, postlarva are cultivated, and are meant 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, salinity 30～32%, and pH8.0～8.2, aeration quantity is changed from small to big, and the envirment factor that quantity of exchanged water increases is gradually carried out artificial regulatory;
5) open-mouthed bait and seed rearing phase series bait throws something and feeds;
Throwing something and feeding of described open-mouthed bait and seed rearing phase series bait is meant that open-mouthed bait is the wheel animalcule or the shellfish young; Training seedling whole process using wheel animalcule → artemia nauplii → mixed bait, fry grows during throw something and feed in early days wheel animalcule and the artemia nauplii, adds marine chlorella, and chlorella density keeps 80-120 ten thousand cell/ml; The program of throwing something and feeding: the 3-35 days wheel animalcules of throwing something and feeding in hatching back, keep 8-10/ml by the density of throwing something and feeding 20-40/ml in the water body; The 16-60 days artemia naupliis of throwing something and feeding in hatching back, the density of throwing something and feeding 10-20/ml, keeping density in the water is 3-5/ml; Hatched back 26 days, and began to tame the mixed bait of ingesting.
2, according to flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method of described male summer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 1), to the summer flounder carry out fortification, be meant that to ice bright sand lance and squid be bait, add the precious A parent population of the health nutrition fortifier that accounts for bait weight 1.5-3%, the secondary of throwing something and feeding day; Described to the summer flounder carry out environment conditioning, be meant that intensity of illumination is 60～500Lux, light application time is the short illumination of 12L/12D-8L/16D, 16～20 ℃ of water temperatures, day 1～2 full dose of quantity of exchanged water.
3, according to flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method of described male summer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 1), lefteye flounder is carried out fortification, be meant that to ice bright little yellow croaker be bait, add the Vc, the 1～2%V that account for bait weight 3～5%
E, day throws something and feeds once; Described lefteye flounder is carried out environment conditioning, be meant that intensity of illumination is 60～700Lux, light application time is the long illumination of 12L/12D-16L/8D, 14～18 ℃ of water temperatures, day 2～3 full doses of quantity of exchanged water.
4, according to flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method of described male summer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 4) aeration quantity is changed from small to big and is meant per hour 20L/m
3In 3-5 days, increase to per hour 60L/m gradually
3Quantity of exchanged water increases gradually and is meant by be increased to every day 200～400% every day 10% gradually in 7-9 days.
5, according to flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method of described male summer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 5), after wheel animalcule and artemia nauplii are all strengthened with nutrition fortifier again row throw something and feed; Nutrition fortifier is meant Kang Ke A, and consumption is that per 1,000,000 wheel animalcules restrain Kang Ke A with 0.16-0.20, and per 100,000 artemia naupliis restrain Kang Ke A with 0.1-0.2.
6, according to claim 1 or 5 described male summer flounder and female lefteye flounder artificial hybridization and seedling-cultivating method, it is characterized in that: described open-mouthed bait adopts S type wheel animalcule, adopts S type wheel animalcule or L type wheel animalcule after ingesting three days.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101810148A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-08-25 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Cross breeding method of fine variety of paralichthysolivaceus |
| CN101911918A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-12-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Selective breeding method for disease-resistant superior strains of paralichthys olivaceus |
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| CN102754611B (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-08 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Artificial control method for inducing synchronous maturing of gonads of male paralichthys dentatus parent and female paralichthys olivaceus parent |
| CN103168730B (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-12-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Pacific codfish artificial hatching method |
| CN103749369B (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-07-01 | 青岛农业大学 | Turbot and platichthys stellatus crossbreeding method |
| CN105724290B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2021-05-18 | 广西壮族自治区水产引育种中心 | Method for directionally selecting red tilapia parents and establishing core group |
| CN107821244B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-09-24 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of little yellow croaker breeding method and feedstuff feeding device that ratio of female is high |
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2005
- 2005-04-08 CN CNB2005100462073A patent/CN100355337C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| 大西洋牙鲆的苗种生产技术 王波等.齐鲁渔业，第21卷第4期 2004 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101911918A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-12-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Selective breeding method for disease-resistant superior strains of paralichthys olivaceus |
| CN101911918B (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-06-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Selective breeding method for disease-resistant superior strains of paralichthys olivaceus |
| CN101810148A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-08-25 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Cross breeding method of fine variety of paralichthysolivaceus |
| CN101810148B (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-06-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Cross breeding method of fine variety of paralichthysolivaceus |
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