CN104335928A - Method for artificially bionic breeding of monopterus albus fries - Google Patents

Method for artificially bionic breeding of monopterus albus fries Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104335928A
CN104335928A CN201310316557.1A CN201310316557A CN104335928A CN 104335928 A CN104335928 A CN 104335928A CN 201310316557 A CN201310316557 A CN 201310316557A CN 104335928 A CN104335928 A CN 104335928A
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breeding
eel
pond
net cage
swamp eel
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CN104335928B (en
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杨代勤
阮国良
袁汉文
苏应兵
陈芳
杨小林
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Yangtze University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for artificially bionic breeding of monopterus albus fries and belongs to the technical field of scientific application of fishery. The method is characterized in that on basis of natural ecological environments and conditions of breeding of monopterus albus, technical means of arranging of a bionic breeding net cage, breeding and overwintering management of breeding parents in advance, controlling over sizes and male-female proportion of the breeding parents and breeding and incubation of monopterus albus under bionic conditions are applied, the reproductive performance of the monopterus albus is improved, and large-batch high-quality monopterus albus fries can be provided for large-scale breeding of the monopterus albus. By means of the method for artificially bionic breeding of the monopterus albus fries, the monopterus albus breeding rate reaches 80%-90%, the incubation rate of natural oviposition and fertilizing can reach above 98%, the fries collecting rate can reach above 95%, and the application prospect is excellent in terms of large-scale breeding of monopterus albus fries.

Description

A kind of method of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed, belong to fishery science applied technical field.
Background technology:
Swamp eel (Monopterus albus) cultivation is very rapid at China's developed recently, and cultivation producing region spreads all over the country, and in the province such as Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang of the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River, swamp eel has become its important breed variety.
But develop rapidly in process in culture of swamp eel industry, seed has become the bottleneck of its development, need artificial batch to breed and produced swamp eel seed.And swamp eel due to its reproductive biology special; carrying out seed breeding adopts the method for the artificial induced spawning of large fish unworkable in production; need to find a kind of method that can be suitable for swamp eel reproductive biology characteristic to carry out breeding of swamp eel seed, to meet culture of swamp eel scale and industrialization to the requirement of seed.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial bionic state to breed the method for swamp eel seed, in enormous quantities, high-quality swamp eel prelarva seed can be provided, to meet the requirement of large-scale cultivation swamp eel to seedling.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by following technical solution.
The method of a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) selection of parent and cultivation:
1. the selection of parent: 2 ages that breeding obtains with the artificial propagation of swamp eel Juvenile stage are individual, kind is macula lutea eel that is yellow, surface spot sparse distribution;
2. the cultivation of parent:
The cultivation of parent is divided into 3 stages;
First stage is 7 ~ November then, and the breeding method in this stage is: adopt pond net box to cultivate, parent's breeding density is 2 ~ 5kg/m 2, feed adopts the mixture of animal feed and manufactured feed; The ratio of animal feed and manufactured feed is 4 ~ 5:1, and animal feed selects water earthworm, earthworm or silver carp mince; Day feeding volume is 8% ~ 10% of swamp eel body weight; Time to mid-November water temperature drop to 15 DEG C, stop throwing something and feeding to parent, and be allowed to condition at overwintering in pond net box;
Second stage is proceed to Ecology to swamp eel parent after surviving the winter to breed the stage before pond; The breeding method in this stage is: when swamp eel survives the winter and rises to Second Year early April water temperature and be stabilized to more than 15 DEG C, refeeding, and feed of throwing something and feeding uses animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed day feeding volume be 3% ~ 5% of swamp eel body weight; Proceed to Ecology breeding pond in preparation within first 7 days, to stop throwing something and feeding;
Phase III is that swamp eel parent proceeds to the stage after the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond net box; The breeding method in this stage is: proceed to second day after the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond rearing net cage until swamp eel parent, start feed of throwing something and feeding, feed still uses animal feed completely, select earthworm or water earthworm, feed day, feeding volume was 8% ~ 10% of swamp eel body weight, until after the swamp eel parent egg-laying period terminates, stop throwing something and feeding;
(2) Ecology breeds selection and the preparation in pond: swamp eel Ecology is bred pond and selected low-lying rice field or pond, and the soil property in breeding pond is loam, and water-tight, water retention property is good, abundant water, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, pollution-free, and surrounding environment is quiet; Before embedding breeding net cage, overall leveling to be carried out to breeding pond, consistent to guarantee that the water level after at the bottom of pond imbedded by breeding net cage;
(3) design and the layout of net cage is bred: the net cage area of breeding is 1.5m 2, high 80cm; Form with mesh 20 object Polyethylene netting processing and fabricating; Net cage is embedded in Ecology breeding pond, every 667m 2area can bury net cage 400-410 underground; Net cage inner bottom part is embedded in mud, and mud is 25cm deeply, and the pond depth of water is 5 ~ 8cm, floats and plants Eichhornia crassipes, be commonly called as weter hyacinth in net cage, its natural ecological environment imitative; The area of Eichhornia crassipes accounts for 1/2 of net cage inner area, perches and lay eggs for yellow eel;
(4) input of parent and male and female are arranged in pairs or groups: the release time of parent is between annual 20 ~ May 10 April, and water temperature is more than 22 DEG C, and fine day is thrown in; The body length of dam's eel individuality is 20 ~ 30cm, body weight is 75 ~ 100g; The body length of male close eel individuality is 40 ~ 50cm, body weight is 100 ~ 150g; At 1.5m 2net cage in can put the male eel of the female eel of 2 ~ 4 tail and 2 ~ 3 tails in a suitable place to breed;
(5) the laying eggs and hatch of swamp eel: annual late May, namely enter yellow eel breeding season, close eel beginning tells foam and nests, after nesting 2 ~ 3 days, and yellow eel starts to carry out natural spawning fertilization, can see yellow eel ovum in nest; In yellow eel reproductive process, not artificial disturbance swamp eel, otherwise ovum can be swallowed in mouth by swamp eel; Fertilized egg adopts the mode of hatching naturally in breeding net cage to hatch, if incubating oosperm leaves fish nest, its incubation rate is very low;
(6) collection of swamp eel seedling: when water temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, after swamp eel is nested 7 ~ 10 days, eel seedling can hatch, and now yolk sac does not also disappear, and eel seedling can agglomeratingly be attached on the coring of Eichhornia crassipes, collected eel seedling in time, was separated by eel seedling with close eel.
The present invention compared with prior art; the reproduction rate of swamp eel can reach 80% ~ 90%; the incubation rate of natural spawning fertilization can reach more than 98%; prelarva seed collection rate can reach more than 95%; in enormous quantities, high-quality swamp eel prelarva seed can be provided; to meet the requirement of large-scale cultivation swamp eel to seedling, there is extraordinary application prospect.
Embodiment:
Implement the present invention, for Jianghan Plain, can carry out according to the following steps:
(1) selection of parent and cultivation:
1. the selection of parent: 2 ages that breeding obtains with the artificial propagation of swamp eel Juvenile stage are individual, kind is that macula lutea eel that is yellow, surface spot sparse distribution is advisable;
2. the cultivation of parent:
3 stages are divided into as the stock parent culture of Ecology;
First stage is 7 ~ November then, and the breeding method in this stage is: adopt pond net box to cultivate, parent's breeding density is 2 ~ 5kg/m 2, feed adopts the mixture of animal feed and manufactured feed; The ratio of animal feed weight in wet base and manufactured feed dry weight is 4 ~ 5:1, and animal feed selects water earthworm, earthworm or silver carp mince; Day feeding volume is 8% ~ 10% of swamp eel body weight; Time to mid-November water temperature drop to 15 DEG C, stop throwing something and feeding to parent, and be allowed to condition at overwintering in pond net box;
Described manufactured feed is swamp eel special compound feed, and produced by Hai great feed GuangDong HaiDa Group Co., Ltd, main component comprises fish meal, flour, corn, composite microbial element, mineral matter etc., and its protein content is 38% ~ 40%.
Second stage is proceed to Ecology to swamp eel parent after surviving the winter to breed the stage before pond; The breeding method in this stage is: when swamp eel survives the winter and rises to Second Year early April water temperature and be stabilized to more than 15 DEG C, refeeding, and feed of throwing something and feeding uses animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed day feeding volume be 3% ~ 5% of swamp eel body weight; Proceed to Ecology breeding pond in preparation within first 7 days, to stop throwing something and feeding;
Phase III is that swamp eel parent proceeds to the stage after the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond net box; The breeding method in this stage is: proceed to second day after the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond rearing net cage until swamp eel parent, start feed of throwing something and feeding, feed still uses animal feed completely, select earthworm or water earthworm, feed day, feeding volume was 8% ~ 10% of swamp eel body weight, until after the swamp eel parent egg-laying period terminates, stop throwing something and feeding;
(2) Ecology breeds selection and the preparation in pond: swamp eel Ecology is bred pond and selected low-lying rice field or pond, and the soil property in breeding pond is loam, and water-tight, water retention property is good, abundant water, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, pollution-free, and surrounding environment is quiet; Before embedding breeding net cage, overall leveling to be carried out to breeding pond, consistent to guarantee that the water level after at the bottom of pond imbedded by breeding net cage;
(3) design and the layout of net cage is bred: the net cage area of breeding is 1.5m 2, high 80cm; Form with mesh 20 object Polyethylene netting processing and fabricating; Net cage is embedded in Ecology breeding pond, every 667m 2area can bury net cage 400-410 underground; Net cage inner bottom part is embedded in mud, and mud is 25cm deeply, and the pond depth of water is 5 ~ 8cm, floats and plants Eichhornia crassipes, be commonly called as weter hyacinth in net cage, its natural ecological environment imitative; The area of Eichhornia crassipes accounts for 1/2 of net cage inner area, perches and lay eggs for yellow eel;
(4) input of parent and male and female are arranged in pairs or groups: the release time of parent, in In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, should select between annual 20 ~ May 10 April, and water temperature, more than 22 DEG C, selects sunny weather to throw in; The body length of dam's eel individuality is 20 ~ 30cm, body weight is 75 ~ 100g; The body length of male close eel individuality is 40 ~ 50cm, body weight is 100 ~ 150g; At 1.5m 2net cage in can put the male eel of the female eel of 2 ~ 4 tail and 2 ~ 3 tails in a suitable place to breed, input ratio that is female, male parent is 1:1 or 2:1;
(5) the laying eggs and hatch of swamp eel: annual late May, namely enter yellow eel breeding season, close eel beginning tells foam and nests, after nesting 2 ~ 3 days, and yellow eel starts to carry out natural spawning fertilization, can see yellow eel ovum in nest; In yellow eel reproductive process, ensure fertilization and environment of hatching not by artificial disturbance, otherwise ovum can be swallowed in mouth by swamp eel; Fertilized egg adopts the mode of hatching naturally in breeding net cage to hatch, if incubating oosperm leaves fish nest, its incubation rate is very low;
(6) collection of swamp eel seedling: when water temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, after swamp eel is nested 7 ~ 10 days, eel seedling can hatch, now yolk sac does not also disappear, eel seedling can agglomeratingly be attached on the coring of Eichhornia crassipes, starts to collect swamp eel seedling, is separated by eel seedling with close eel; The collection period of swamp eel seedling is: swamp eel is developed to yolk seedling to swamp eel seedling in water before flat swimming.In section, Eichhornia crassipes and the swamp eel seedling be attached on Eichhornia crassipes coring are shifted out breeding net cage in the lump fast at this moment, be positioned in seed collecting box, carry out later stage cultivation.

Claims (4)

1. a method for artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) selection of parent and cultivation:
1. the selection of parent: 2 ages that breeding obtains with the artificial propagation of swamp eel Juvenile stage are individual;
2. the cultivation of parent:
The cultivation of parent is divided into 3 stages;
First stage is 7 ~ November then, and the breeding method in this stage is: adopt pond net box to cultivate, parent's breeding density is 2 ~ 5kg/m 2, feed adopts the mixture of animal feed and manufactured feed; The ratio of animal feed and manufactured feed is 4 ~ 5:1, and animal feed selects water earthworm, earthworm or silver carp mince; Day feeding volume is 8% ~ 10% of swamp eel body weight; Time to mid-November water temperature drop to 15 DEG C, stop throwing something and feeding to parent, and be allowed to condition at overwintering in pond net box;
Second stage is proceed to Ecology to swamp eel parent after surviving the winter to breed the stage before pond; The breeding method in this stage is: when swamp eel survives the winter and rises to Second Year early April water temperature and be stabilized to more than 15 DEG C, refeeding, and feed of throwing something and feeding uses animal feed completely, selects earthworm or water earthworm, feed day feeding volume be 3% ~ 5% of swamp eel body weight; Proceed to Ecology breeding pond in preparation within first 7 days, to stop throwing something and feeding;
Phase III is that swamp eel parent proceeds to the stage after the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond net box; The breeding method in this stage is: proceed to second day after the net cage of Ecology breeding pond from pond rearing net cage until swamp eel parent, start feed of throwing something and feeding, feed still uses animal feed completely, select earthworm or water earthworm, feed day, feeding volume was 8% ~ 10% of swamp eel body weight, until after the swamp eel parent egg-laying period terminates, stop throwing something and feeding;
(2) Ecology breeds selection and the preparation in pond: swamp eel Ecology is bred pond and selected low-lying rice field or pond, and the soil property in breeding pond is loam, and water-tight, water retention property is good, abundant water, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, pollution-free, and surrounding environment is quiet; Before embedding breeding net cage, overall leveling to be carried out to breeding pond, consistent to guarantee that the water level after at the bottom of pond imbedded by breeding net cage;
(3) design and the layout of net cage is bred: the net cage area of breeding is 1.5m 2, high 80cm; Form with mesh 20 object Polyethylene netting processing and fabricating; Net cage is embedded in Ecology breeding pond, every 667m 2area can bury net cage 400-410 underground; Net cage inner bottom part is embedded in mud, and mud is 25cm deeply, and the pond depth of water is 5 ~ 8cm, floats and plant Eichhornia crassipes in net cage, its natural ecological environment imitative;
(4) input of parent and male and female are arranged in pairs or groups: the release time of parent is between annual 20 ~ May 10 April, and water temperature is more than 22 DEG C, and fine day is thrown in; The body length of dam's eel individuality is 20 ~ 30cm, body weight is 75 ~ 100g; The body length of male close eel individuality is 40 ~ 50cm, body weight is 100 ~ 150g; At 1.5m 2net cage in can put the male eel of the female eel of 2 ~ 4 tail and 2 ~ 3 tails in a suitable place to breed;
(5) the laying eggs and hatch of swamp eel: annual late May, namely enter yellow eel breeding season, close eel beginning tells foam and nests, after nesting 2 ~ 3 days, and yellow eel starts to carry out natural spawning fertilization, can see yellow eel ovum in nest; In yellow eel reproductive process, not artificial disturbance swamp eel, fertilized egg adopts the mode of hatching naturally in breeding net cage to hatch;
(6) collection of swamp eel seedling: when water temperature 28 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, after swamp eel is nested 7 ~ 10 days, eel seedling can hatch, and now yolk sac does not also disappear, and eel seedling can agglomeratingly be attached on the coring of Eichhornia crassipes, collected eel seedling in time, was separated by eel seedling with close eel.
2. the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that breeding 2 ages obtained with the artificial propagation of swamp eel Juvenile stage individual, kind is macula lutea eel that is yellow, surface spot sparse distribution.
3. the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described manufactured feed is swamp eel special compound feed, produced by Hai great feed GuangDong HaiDa Group Co., Ltd, main component comprises fish meal, flour, corn, composite microbial element, mineral matter, and its protein content is 38% ~ 40%.
4. the method for a kind of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that floating in net cage planting Eichhornia crassipes, the area of Eichhornia crassipes accounts for 1/2 of net cage inner area, perches and lay eggs for yellow eel.
CN201310316557.1A 2013-07-25 2013-07-25 A kind of method of artificial bionic state breeding swamp eel seed Expired - Fee Related CN104335928B (en)

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Cited By (12)

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CN104756906A (en) * 2015-03-23 2015-07-08 重庆市涪陵区水洞口养鱼股份合作社 Method for breeding rice field eel fry
CN104798704A (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-07-29 华中农业大学 Large-scale artificial hatching method of fertilized ovums of rice-field eels
CN104823887A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-08-12 董勇 Directionally induced large-scale rice field eel culture method
CN106069951A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-11-09 仙桃市西流河国兵水产养殖专业合作社 A kind of method that Monopterus albus (Zuiew) Ecology has soil to breed
CN106359191A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 苏州善道农业科技有限公司 Soilless propagation method of monopterus albus Zuiew
CN106719134A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-31 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 A kind of method for improving swamp eel spawning rate
CN108112509A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-06-05 仙桃市洪渊泽水产养殖专业合作社 A kind of method that there is native Ecology breeding swamp eel seedling in rice field
CN109006589A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-18 长江大学 It is a kind of manually to raise and train the device and method for cultivating wild eel seedling in advance
CN109042399A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-21 长江大学 A kind of monopterus albus fry original position breeding method
CN109197697A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-15 王欣 A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry
CN110692553A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-17 长江大学 Intraspecific hybridization breeding method for improving growth speed of finless eels
CN110731279A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-31 长江大学 method for increasing egg laying rate of artificial bionic breeding ricefield eels in greenhouse

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104756906A (en) * 2015-03-23 2015-07-08 重庆市涪陵区水洞口养鱼股份合作社 Method for breeding rice field eel fry
CN104798704A (en) * 2015-04-09 2015-07-29 华中农业大学 Large-scale artificial hatching method of fertilized ovums of rice-field eels
CN104823887A (en) * 2015-04-30 2015-08-12 董勇 Directionally induced large-scale rice field eel culture method
CN106069951A (en) * 2016-07-22 2016-11-09 仙桃市西流河国兵水产养殖专业合作社 A kind of method that Monopterus albus (Zuiew) Ecology has soil to breed
CN106359191A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 苏州善道农业科技有限公司 Soilless propagation method of monopterus albus Zuiew
CN106719134A (en) * 2016-11-30 2017-05-31 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 A kind of method for improving swamp eel spawning rate
CN108112509A (en) * 2018-01-16 2018-06-05 仙桃市洪渊泽水产养殖专业合作社 A kind of method that there is native Ecology breeding swamp eel seedling in rice field
CN109042399A (en) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-21 长江大学 A kind of monopterus albus fry original position breeding method
CN109042399B (en) * 2018-07-05 2021-09-28 长江大学 In-situ cultivation method for finless eel fries
CN109006589A (en) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-18 长江大学 It is a kind of manually to raise and train the device and method for cultivating wild eel seedling in advance
CN109197697A (en) * 2018-10-29 2019-01-15 王欣 A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry
CN110731279A (en) * 2019-10-28 2020-01-31 长江大学 method for increasing egg laying rate of artificial bionic breeding ricefield eels in greenhouse
CN110731279B (en) * 2019-10-28 2021-12-28 长江大学 Method for improving spawning rate of artificial bionic breeding ricefield eels in greenhouse
CN110692553A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-17 长江大学 Intraspecific hybridization breeding method for improving growth speed of finless eels

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