CN104798704A - Large-scale artificial hatching method of fertilized ovums of rice-field eels - Google Patents
Large-scale artificial hatching method of fertilized ovums of rice-field eels Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a large-scale artificial hatching method of fertilized ovums of rice-field eels. The large-scale artificial hatching method is characterized in that the artificial hatchability can be improved to above 90%, and a technical system can be provided for an imitative ecological large-scale breeding by taking neural embryos as artificial hatching starting points, applying special hatching facilities, and continuous dripping for oxygenation and other methods. The large-scale artificial hatching method comprises the following steps: 1) building special hatching facilities, and installing a water storage tank, a hatching tank and a dripping facility sequentially according to a high position difference; 2) adopting an imitative ecological breeding method to obtain the fertilized ovums of the ricefield eels, transferring the fertilized ovums to a hatching box to hatch when the fertilized ovums naturally develop to a neural embryonic period in a foam nest; 3) paving the neural embryos in the hatching box, keeping the embryos 1cm far away from the water surface, and promoting the neural embryos to develop by adopting a dripping method for oxygenation; and 4) continuously leaving baby eels to cultivate in the hatching box temporarily after the baby eels come out of membranes, feeding until the eels is 5cm long through opening and tamping and then transferring the eels to a net cage or other facilities to continuously feed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of large-scale artificial hatching m of swamp eel fertilized egg.
Background technology
Swamp eel is a kind of famous-brand and high-quality aquatic products, deeply likes by consumer.At present, the modes of reproduction of swamp eel mainly contains natural propagation, artificial propagation and Ecology and breeds three kinds.The first is natural propagation, and this pattern requirements site area is large, and mating season is long, and close eel and eel seedling separation difficulty, be therefore not easy to carry out scale batch production; The second is swamp eel whole artificial propagation, and this pattern close eel in the process of hastening parturition is easily dead and fertilization rate is low, and just current progress, is difficult to capture in the artificial induced spawning problem short time, therefore also can not carries out scale batch production; The third is Ecology natural propagation, this pattern is mainly by the ecotope of an artificial simulation applicable swamp eel growth and breeding, breed in net cage, fix because it has breeding place, collection ovum is convenient, and natural insemination rate advantages of higher, be therefore a kind of reproductive modes that current feasibility is the highest.Research about the artificial incubation of swamp eel fertilized egg has a lot, but incubation rate is all very low, is generally no more than 30%.Even some researchers think that swamp eel incubating oosperm be unable to do without foam nest.The artificial incubation technique of swamp eel fertilized egg becomes a technical bottleneck in swamp eel Ecology propagation technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming prior art existence, provide a kind of large-scale artificial hatching m of swamp eel fertilized egg, to improve the hatching efficiency of swamp eel fertilized egg.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A large-scale artificial hatching m for swamp eel fertilized egg, comprise hatchery facility, collecting fertilized eggs, artificial incubation and feed in early days, described method also comprises the steps:
1) build special hatchery facility, set gradually cistern by high potential difference, the facility that drips, hatching frame and hatchery;
2) adopt Ecology propagation method to obtain swamp eel fertilized egg, naturally grow in foam nest until fertilized egg and carry out artificial incubation to gathering during neural embryonic period, embryonic phase and transferring in hatching frame;
3) neural embryo is laid in hatching frame, keeps embryo dried up 1cm, adopt the oxygenation method that drips to promote neural embryonic development;
4) continue after young eel incubation of membrane to stay in hatching frame and support temporarily, tame and docile food by opening, feed to be transferred in net cage or other facilities to the long 5cm of body and continue to feed.
Above-mentioned steps 1) described in hatchery facility comprise cistern 3, the facility that drips, hatching frame 9 and hatchery 7; Described cistern 3 comprises water inlet pipe 1, screen pack 2 and cistern 3; The described facility that drips comprises water pipe 4, water conduction hose 5, water dropping openings 6; Described hatchery 7 comprises an outlet pipe 8; Described hatching frame 9 comprises weeper 10, movable net dish 11, square frame frame 12, spacer screen sheet 13 and interior go out eaves 14;
Cistern 3 is connected with hatchery 7 by water pipe 4, water conduction hose 5;
Hatching frame 9 is placed in described hatchery 7.
The above-mentioned technical scheme supporting with hatchery facility also comprises:
The choosing source of hatching meets fishery standard water, is preferably the good reservoir water of water quality or pond water;
The cistern of hatching stores Spawning water, keeps the cistern water yield, to ensure that, continuously for supplying water in hatchery, cistern keeps the difference in height of more than 30cm with the activity net dish of hatching frame, for water spray facility provides pressure;
The filter screen filtration of hatching falls impurity in Spawning water and harmful organisms, keeps water quality pure and fresh;
Twice Chi Geng is laid, for placement hatching frame at the bottom of pond, hatchery; Bottom the end of hatchery, water outlet is provided with the outlet pipe freely rotated, and keeps fertilized egg to be positioned at 1cm place, underwater, hatchery;
Hatching frame is made up of outside framework, spacer screen sheet and movable net dish, outer frame bottom 60 order screen cloth back covers, eaves 2cm is inwardly gone out in case eel seedling is escaped above housing, a movable net dish is added a cover above described hatching frame, described net dish is provided with some apertures dripped, and described hole diameter is 2mm;
The facility that drips is made up of water pipe 4 and water conduction hose 5, water pipe 4 is connected to the bottom of cistern 3, the water of cistern is caused the side of hatchery, then the activity net dish 11 above hatching frame is caused with water conduction hose 5 connecting water pipe 4 and by the water in water pipe 4, equidistantly on water conduction hose 5 have some apertures, aperture is 3mm, and make the water in water conduction hose hatch frame through the instillation of activity net dish, its effect is embryo's oxygenation.
Above-mentioned steps 2) described in the step utilizing Ecology method to obtain swamp eel fertilized egg specifically comprise:
1) in pond net box, plant water peanut and weter hyacinth, set up natural propagation Ecology environment, swamp eel breeds at the natural environmental condition of shallow waters in simulation, when mating season, when foam nest appears in each net cage successively, inspection foam nest in time, with label mark foam nest;
2) development of fertilized ova situation in daily check foam nest, fishes for fertilized egg in neural embryonic period, embryonic phase;
3) first pasture and water are cut off with scissors along foam nest surrounding, again screen cloth is copied below foam nest, finally weter hyacinth is connected root to mention, simultaneously screen cloth also coordinates and upwards carries, guarantee that all fertilized eggs are all taken out, by foam nest, to be placed in together with fertilized egg and pasture and water fill pond water basin or bucket in, Transportation, keeps water level immersion water cucurbit or water peanut;
4) by there being the pasture and water of foam nest to be immersed in the water, repeatedly shake several times, until fertilized egg is shaken off completely in basin or bucket, then add water flushing, picks pasture and water, chooses the harmful organisms of fertilized egg of causing harm, and fertilized egg put into hatching frame and carry out artificial incubation.
Above-mentioned steps 3) described in the cultural method of neural embryo specifically comprise:
1) water temperature is selected to be 27 DEG C-33 DEG C and to carry out artificial incubation, when temperature is lower than setting up plastic film insulation when 27 DEG C above hatchery, when temperature is higher than setting up sunshade net when 33 DEG C above hatchery or the increasing amount of dripping is lowered the temperature;
2) each hatching frame flush system places neural embryo 2000;
3) in time each hatching frame of cleaning whether have harmful organisms to endanger fertilized egg with downright bad ovum, eel incubation of membrane is after 2 days, start tame and docile food and throw something and feed, taming and dociling bait material is young soft-shelled turtle powder (the young soft-shelled turtle powder of commodity that such as Foochow hippocampus feed corporation,Ltd produces, but be not limited thereto), the granule making mung bean size that added water by young soft-shelled turtle powder is thrown something and fed in hatching frame, and 4 points of a little throwing something and feeding are confined in each hatching, residual bait, ight soil is cleared up, the tame and docile bait material 4 times of throwing something and feeding every day after half an hour; Carry hatching frame every day once, physique exercise is carried out to seedling, check the growth of the seedling of hatching out in hatching frame, when feeding 5cm long to body, transferring in special net cage or nursery pond and continuing to raise.
Outstanding advantages of the present invention is as follows:
Existing swamp eel artificial incubation rate is all very low, is generally no more than 30%.Even some researchers think that swamp eel incubating oosperm be unable to do without foam nest.The artificial incubation technique of a kind of swamp eel fertilized egg of the present invention is a technical bottleneck in swamp eel Ecology propagation technique.
The present invention is using neural embryo as artificial incubation starting point, and application specific hatchery facility and the methods such as lasting oxygenation of dripping, bring up to more than 90% by swamp eel fertilized egg artificial incubation rate, for swamp eel Ecology propagation in scale provides technical support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: be the hatchery facility general structure schematic diagram that the present invention uses.
Fig. 2: the hatching frame in hatchery facility of the present invention shows structural representation.
The explanation of Reference numeral:
1. water inlet pipe; 2. screen pack; 3. cistern; 4. water pipe; 5. water conduction hose; 6. water dropping openings; 7. hatchery; 8. outlet pipe; 9. hatch frame; 10. movable net dish; 11. outside frameworks; 12. spacer screen sheets; Eaves is gone out in 13..
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2:
Applicant provide a kind of swamp eel fertilized egg large-scale artificial hatching m, its step comprises to be set up hatchery facility, collecting fertilized eggs, artificial incubation and feeds in early days, and described method also comprises the steps:
(1) hatchery facility is set up
1. water source: select the water source meeting fishery standard water, is preferably the good reservoir water of water quality or pond water.
2. cistern: store Spawning water, make the water yield that cistern remains certain, to ensure continuously for supplying water in hatchery, to make cistern and hatchery keep the difference in height of more than 30cm, for water spray facility provides pressure simultaneously.
3. screen pack: fall impurity and harmful organisms in Spawning water by described filter screen filtration, keeps water quality pure and fresh.
4. hatchery: arrange hatchery facility according to difference in height according to mode as shown in Figure 1, this hatchery facility comprises water inlet pipe 1, screen pack 2; Cistern 3; . water pipe 4; Water conduction hose 5; Water dropping openings 6; Hatchery 7; Outlet pipe 8; Hatching frame 9; Movable net dish 10; Square outside framework 11; Spacer screen sheet 12; Inside go out eaves 13.
Lay twice Chi Geng at the bottom of pond, hatchery, for placing hatching frame; Bottom the end of hatchery, water outlet designs an outlet pipe free to rotate, and its object has two: one to be thoroughly can change water to hatchery, discharges the sediment in hatchery in time, ensures water cleaning; Two is regulate the hatchery depth of water, keeps fertilized egg to be positioned at 1cm place, underwater.
5. hatch frame: the hatching frame length of the present embodiment is respectively 50cm, 50cm, 5cm, be made up of outside framework, spacer screen sheet and movable net dish three part.Outside framework adopts long 50cm, high 5cm, wide 2cm specification batten or plastic plate 4 pieces, makes 50cm × 50cm × 5cm square frame, and with 60 order screen cloth back covers, top inwardly goes out eaves 2cm with veneer or plastic sheet again, in case eel seedling is escaped.Be convenient to oxygenation of dripping for building quiet environment, adding a cover length and width above hatching frame is respectively the activity net dish of 50cm, and net dish is drilled with the aperture 625 of aperture 2mm simultaneously.
6. drip facility: open a delivery port at columns base, introduction pipe is in the side of hatchery, then flexible pipe is connected with pipeline, hose length is being advisable by free arrival activity net dish, equidistantly on flexible pipe have many places aperture, aperture is 3mm, makes the water in flexible pipe hatch frame through the instillation of activity net dish.
(2) the fishing for and transport of swamp eel fertilized egg
1. patrol, mark foam nest
Ecology natural propagation is by artificially arranging the pasture and water such as water peanut and weter hyacinth in pond net box, simulates the propagation method that swamp eel carries out at the natural environmental condition of shallow waters as much as possible.Mating season, when arriving can there is foam nest in each net cage one by one, and inspection foam nest, finds and mark with label.
2. check development of fertilized ova situation: development of fertilized ova situation in daily check foam nest, fish for fertilized egg to during neural embryonic period, embryonic phase.
3. neural embryo is fished for: first cut off pasture and water with scissors along foam nest surrounding, again screen cloth is copied below foam nest, finally weter hyacinth is connected root to mention, simultaneously screen cloth also coordinates and upwards carries, guarantee that all fertilized eggs are all taken out, by foam nest, to be placed in together with fertilized egg and pasture and water fill pond water basin or bucket in, Transportation, water level is advisable with immersion water cucurbit or water peanut.
4. the screening of neural embryo: by there being the pasture and water of foam nest to be immersed in the water, repeatedly shake several times, until fertilized egg is shaken off in basin or bucket completely, then add water flushing, pick pasture and water, choose the harmful organisms such as the dragonfly larva of harm fertilized egg, hatching frame can be put into and carry out artificial incubation.It should be noted that this process fertilized egg has lost the protection of foam nest, action wants light, fast.
(3) artificial incubation
1. temperature: being suitable for hatching water temperature is 27 DEG C-33 DEG C, when temperature is lower than setting up plastic film when 27 DEG C with insulation above hatchery, when temperature is higher than setting up sunshade net above hatchery when 33 DEG C or the increasing amount of dripping is lowered the temperature.
2. density: each hatching frame can tile and place neural embryo 2000.
3. manage: check water pump whether normal operation; Check whether each hatching frame has the dragonfly larva of fertilized egg of causing harm and downright bad ovum, once find, then need to clear up away in time.Eel incubation of membrane, after 2 days, starts tame and docile food and throw something and feed.The young soft-shelled turtle material that Foochow hippocampus feed corporation,Ltd can be adopted to produce carries out taming and dociling food and feeding.Young soft-shelled turtle material is added the bulk that quality water makes mung bean size, and throw something and feed in hatching frame, 4 points of a little throwing something and feeding are confined in each hatching, clear up residual bait, ight soil after half an hour, the young soft-shelled turtle material 4 times of throwing something and feeding day.Carry every day and once hatch frame, seedling is performed physical exercise, build up health.Check the seedling growing state of hatching out in hatching frame, when feeding 5cm long to body, namely can be transferred in private network case or nursery pond and continue to raise.
Claims (5)
1. a large-scale artificial hatching m for swamp eel fertilized egg, comprises and sets up hatchery facility, collecting fertilized eggs, artificial incubation and feed in early days; It is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
1) set up special hatchery facility, set gradually cistern by high potential difference, the facility that drips, hatching frame and hatchery;
2) adopt Ecology propagation method to obtain swamp eel fertilized egg, naturally grow in foam nest until fertilized egg and carry out artificial incubation to gathering during neural embryonic period, embryonic phase and transferring in hatching frame;
3) neural embryo is laid in hatching frame, keeps embryo dried up 1cm, adopt the oxygenation method that drips to promote neural embryonic development;
4) continue after young eel incubation of membrane to stay in hatching frame and support temporarily, tame and docile food by opening, feed to be transferred in net cage or other facilities to the long 5cm of body and continue to feed.
2. the large-scale artificial hatching m of a kind of swamp eel fertilized egg according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) described in hatchery facility comprise cistern 3, the facility that drips, hatching frame 9 and hatchery 7; Described cistern 3 comprises water inlet pipe 1, screen pack 2 and cistern 3; The described facility that drips comprises water pipe 4, water conduction hose 5, water dropping openings 6; Described hatchery 7 comprises an outlet pipe 8; Described hatching frame 9 comprises weeper 10, movable net dish 11, square frame frame 12, spacer screen sheet 13 and interior go out eaves 14;
Described cistern 3 is connected with hatchery 7 by water pipe 4, water conduction hose 5;
Described hatching frame 9 is placed in described hatchery 7.
3. the large-scale artificial hatching m of a kind of swamp eel fertilized egg as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the facility supporting with hatchery facility and method specifically comprise:
The choosing source of hatching meets fishery standard water, is preferably the good reservoir water of water quality or pond water;
Cistern stores Spawning water, keeps the cistern water yield, to ensure that, continuously for supplying water in hatchery, cistern keeps the difference in height of more than 30cm with the activity net dish of hatching frame, for water spray facility provides pressure;
Filter screen filtration falls impurity in Spawning water and harmful organisms, keeps water quality pure and fresh;
Twice Chi Geng is laid, for placement hatching frame at the bottom of pond, hatchery; Bottom the end of hatchery, water outlet is provided with the outlet pipe freely rotated, and keeps fertilized egg to be positioned at 1cm place, underwater, hatchery;
Hatching frame is made up of outside framework, spacer screen sheet and movable net dish, outer frame bottom 60 order screen cloth back covers, eaves 2cm is inwardly gone out in case eel seedling is escaped above housing, a movable net dish is added a cover above described hatching frame, described net dish is provided with some apertures dripped, and described hole diameter is 2mm;
The facility that drips is made up of water pipe 4 and water conduction hose 5, water pipe 4 is connected to the bottom of cistern 3, the water of cistern is caused the side of hatchery, then the activity net dish 11 above hatching frame is caused with water conduction hose 5 connecting water pipe 4 and by the water in water pipe 4, equidistantly on water conduction hose 5 have some apertures, aperture is 3mm, and make the water in water conduction hose hatch frame through the instillation of activity net dish, its effect is embryo's oxygenation.
4. the large-scale artificial hatching m of a kind of swamp eel fertilized egg as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that, step 2) described in the concrete steps utilizing Ecology method to obtain swamp eel fertilized egg specifically comprise:
1) in pond net box, plant water peanut and weter hyacinth, set up natural propagation Ecology environment, swamp eel breeds at the natural environmental condition of shallow waters in simulation, when mating season, when foam nest appears in each net cage successively, inspection foam nest in time, with label mark foam nest;
2) development of fertilized ova situation in daily check foam nest, fishes for fertilized egg in neural embryonic period, embryonic phase;
3) first pasture and water are cut off with scissors along foam nest surrounding, again screen cloth is copied below foam nest, finally weter hyacinth is connected root to mention, simultaneously screen cloth also coordinates and upwards carries, guarantee that all fertilized eggs are all taken out, by foam nest, to be placed in together with fertilized egg and pasture and water fill pond water basin or bucket in, Transportation, keeps water level immersion water cucurbit or water peanut;
4) by there being the pasture and water of foam nest to be immersed in the water, repeatedly shake several times, until fertilized egg is shaken off completely in basin or bucket, then add water flushing, picks pasture and water, chooses the harmful organisms of fertilized egg of causing harm, and fertilized egg put into hatching frame and carry out artificial incubation.
5. the large-scale artificial hatching m of a kind of swamp eel fertilized egg as described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, step 3) described in the cultural method of neural embryo specifically comprise:
1) water temperature is selected to be 27 DEG C-33 DEG C and to carry out artificial incubation, when temperature is lower than setting up plastic film insulation when 27 DEG C above hatchery, when temperature is higher than setting up sunshade net when 33 DEG C above hatchery or the increasing amount of dripping is lowered the temperature;
2) each hatching frame flush system places neural embryo 2000;
3) in time each hatching frame of cleaning whether have harmful organisms to endanger fertilized egg with downright bad ovum, eel incubation of membrane is after 2 days, start tame and docile food and throw something and feed, taming and dociling bait material is young soft-shelled turtle powder, the granule making mung bean size that added water by young soft-shelled turtle powder is thrown something and fed in hatching frame, 4 points of a little throwing something and feeding are confined in each hatching, clear up residual bait, ight soil after half an hour, the tame and docile bait material 4 times of throwing something and feeding every day; Carry hatching frame every day once, physique exercise is carried out to seedling, check the growth of the seedling of hatching out in hatching frame, when feeding 5cm long to body, transferring in special net cage or nursery pond and continuing to raise.
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| CN105994041A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-12 | 张家港市华阳生态农业发展有限公司 | Artificial breeding box and breeding method thereof for ricefield eels |
| CN109089980A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-12-28 | 浙江海洋大学 | De- ovum type Copepods multifunctional all cultivating system |
| KR20190119440A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2019-10-22 | 농업회사법인주식회사 귀뚜라미와 산개구리 | Rana dybowskii artificial incubation plant |
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| CN110754400A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-07 | 长江大学 | Method for improving artificial hatchability of finless eel fries |
| CN112136754A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2020-12-29 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Aquatic product selective culture system, freshwater shrimp selective culture method and application |
| CN112889712A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-04 | 海南昌江元道养殖有限公司 | Standardized healthy breeding method for high-quality golden pomfret |
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| CN110547230A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-10 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | large-scale artificial incubation equipment and method for rice field eel fertilized eggs |
| CN110754400A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-02-07 | 长江大学 | Method for improving artificial hatchability of finless eel fries |
| CN110754400B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-04-26 | 长江大学 | Method for improving artificial hatchability of finless eel fries |
| CN112136754A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2020-12-29 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Aquatic product selective culture system, freshwater shrimp selective culture method and application |
| CN112889712A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-04 | 海南昌江元道养殖有限公司 | Standardized healthy breeding method for high-quality golden pomfret |
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