CN112136754A - Aquatic product selective culture system, freshwater shrimp selective culture method and application - Google Patents
Aquatic product selective culture system, freshwater shrimp selective culture method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112136754A CN112136754A CN202011236072.8A CN202011236072A CN112136754A CN 112136754 A CN112136754 A CN 112136754A CN 202011236072 A CN202011236072 A CN 202011236072A CN 112136754 A CN112136754 A CN 112136754A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly discloses an aquatic product selective culture system, a freshwater shrimp selective culture method and application. According to the invention, aquatic product parents are placed in the egg-taking and soaking device for cultivation and management, fertilized eggs are separated and collected after mating and oviposition and generation of the fertilized eggs, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs through the shrimp nests after the fertilized eggs are incubated to the larvae for cultivation and management, and then part of water products screened and gathered in the isolator are counted and weighed through water level adjustment, so that the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultivated aquatic products in different stages can be collected, genetic parameters are calculated through processing, the method is suitable for accurate breeding of large sample groups, the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and cultivating equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups is solved, and the method has a wide market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an aquatic product selective culture system, a freshwater shrimp selective culture method and application.
Background
The freshwater shrimps are excellent aquaculture products and high-grade aquatic products, and with the increasing of scientific and technological support of the freshwater shrimps in China and places, the freshwater shrimp aquaculture field also obtains remarkable results, so that the freshwater shrimps are gradually brought to a dining table of common people. At present, particularly in the breeding aspect of freshwater shrimps, a new variety with excellent seeds is cultivated through long-term work of an aquatic breeding technologist, the yield and the product quality are greatly improved, but the breeding of the freshwater shrimps is still a hot spot.
Generally, the data acquisition of countable characters and quantifiable characters is difficult due to ecological habits and characteristics of small and fragile freshwater shrimps, operation intolerance, spawning incubation and the like, and serious obstacles are set for the genetic breeding of the freshwater shrimps. At present, the breeding process and the implementation of the freshwater shrimps are mainly carried out in a cement pond and a net cage, and equipment and facilities are rough and lagged, so that the breeding and the breeding effects and the survival rate are poor, and the freshwater shrimps are easy to die due to carelessness; the breeding and breeding management of a plurality of groups and families occupies huge breeding equipment, and is difficult to operate, observe and the like; due to the fact that facilities fall behind and system condition differences are unavoidable, large system errors can be generated on breeding results, the use of some advanced technological technologies is limited, for example, fluorescent markers and the like cannot be used for groups with large sample numbers, and the further breeding progress of the freshwater shrimps is limited.
Therefore, the existing freshwater shrimp culture technical scheme has the following defects in actual use: the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and breeding equipment has the problem that large sample groups can not be bred accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an aquatic product selection culture system to solve the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding culture equipment provided in the background technology cannot accurately breed large sample groups.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the aquatic product selective culture system comprises a plurality of culture boxes for aquatic product culture and a water inlet pipe for conveying water to the culture boxes, and the aquatic product selective culture system further comprises:
the egg-removing soaking device is arranged in the culture box and is used for mating and laying eggs of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, and the fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing;
the shrimp nest is arranged in the culture box, is communicated with the output end of the egg-removing soaking device and is used for conveying the larvae onto the fertilized eggs for culture and management after the fertilized eggs are incubated to the larvae;
a material discharge component arranged on one side of the breeding box far away from the water inlet pipe and used for discharging the materials in the breeding box, and
the separator is arranged on one side, facing the discharge assembly, of the shrimp nests in the breeding box and used for screening and gathering part of water products in the breeding box when the water level in the breeding box drops, and the water level in the breeding box can be lifted in the breeding process so as to lift the separator and count and weigh aquatic products in the separator.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a freshwater shrimp selective breeding method is further provided, wherein the aquatic product selective breeding system is adopted, and the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method specifically includes the following steps: selecting the freshwater shrimp heterosexual parents (female freshwater shrimps and male freshwater shrimps) with synchronous gonad development periods, placing the parents into an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, separating and collecting fertilized eggs through the egg-removing soaking device after mating and oviposition to generate the fertilized eggs, and counting and weighing the fertilized eggs; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nests, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae are counted; and in the culture process, the water level in the culture box is lifted to count and weigh part of the aquatic products in the culture box which are screened and gathered in the isolator so as to realize selective breeding.
In another embodiment of the invention, the application of the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method in large-scale breeding of aquatic products is further provided. The aquatic product may be crayfish, freshwater shrimp, grass shrimp, prawn, crab, etc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the aquatic product selective culture system comprises a culture box, a water inlet pipe, an egg removing and soaking device, a shrimp nest, a discharge assembly and an isolator, wherein the egg removing and soaking device is used for mating and laying eggs of aquatic product parents to generate germ cells, separating and collecting the germ cells to count and weigh, and the isolator is used for screening and gathering part of aquatic products in the culture box when the water level in the culture box drops so as to count and weigh the aquatic products in the isolator; according to the method, aquatic product parents are placed in an egg-taking and soaking device for cultivation and management, and fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing after mating and oviposition and generation of the fertilized eggs; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nests, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae can be counted; then, counting and weighing partial water products which are screened and gathered in the isolator by lifting the water level in the cultivation box in the cultivation process; therefore, the method can record, count and collect the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultured aquatic products in different stages by adopting a plurality of culture boxes, and then process and calculate the genetic parameters to provide a basis for next genetic selection, so that the method is suitable for the accurate breeding of large sample groups, solves the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and culturing equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups, and has wide market prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation box in the aquatic product selective cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an egg-removing soaking device in the aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a propagation container in the aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an egg counter in the aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a box body in the aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a shrimp nest in the aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a cell structure in the aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of an isolator in the aquatic product selective culture system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a soil removal device in a selective aquatic product cultivation system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-liquid container; 2-propagation vessel; 3-a first drain pipe; 4-mesh sheet; 5-a solid dish; 6-a funnel; 7-a filter element; 8-counting cylinder; 9-a first flow regulating assembly; 10-a water inlet pipe; 11-a second flow regulating assembly; 12-a culture box; 13-a connecting tube; 14-a second drain pipe; 15-a connecting pipe; 16-a water injection pipe; 17-a third flow regulating assembly; 18-a box body; 19-shrimp nest; 20-a decontamination device; 21-a housing; 22-installation space; 23-a trough body; 24-a drain interface; 25-a mounting seat; 26-single nest structure; 27-a fixing member; 28-dense separators; 29-a hydrophobic separator; 30-net cage body; 31-a solid body; 32-a cover plate; 33-filtration pores; 34-the main body of the cleaner.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention. In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, process steps and device structures well known in the art are omitted here.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a structure diagram of an aquatic product selective culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of culture boxes 12 for culturing aquatic products, and a water inlet pipe 10 for delivering water to the culture boxes 12, and the aquatic product selective culture system further includes:
the egg-removing soaking device is arranged in the culture box 12 and is used for mating and laying eggs of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, and separately collecting the fertilized eggs for counting and weighing;
a shrimp nest 19, which is arranged in the breeding box 12, is communicated with the output end of the egg-removing soaking device, and is used for conveying the larvae onto the fertilized eggs for breeding and management after the fertilized eggs are incubated to the larvae;
a discharging component arranged on one side of the breeding box 12 far away from the water inlet pipe 10 and used for discharging the materials in the breeding box 12, and
the separator is arranged on one side, facing the discharge assembly, of the shrimp nests 19 in the cultivation box 12 and used for screening and collecting part of water products in the cultivation box 12 when the water level in the cultivation box 12 drops, and the water level in the cultivation box 12 can be lifted in the cultivation process so as to lift the separator and count and weigh the aquatic products in the separator.
In the embodiment of the invention, female parents and male parents are selected from a group of aquatic product breeding families and are placed in an egg-taking and soaking device for cultivation and management, and fertilized eggs are separated and collected by the egg-taking and soaking device for counting and weighing after the mating and the oviposition generate the fertilized eggs; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nests 19, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae can be counted; then, in the culture process, the water level in the culture box 12 is lifted to lift the isolator, and part of water products in the isolator, which are screened and collected in the culture box 12, are counted and weighed; therefore, the method of using a plurality of breeding boxes 12 can record, count and collect the weight, quantity, survival rate and the like of the cultured aquatic products in different stages, classify and record the aquatic products according to the serial numbers of families or groups, process big data according to breeding software, calculate genetic parameters (can be the method of using the prior art, and is not repeated here), provide basis for next genetic selection, thereby being suitable for accurate breeding of large sample groups, and solving the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and breeding equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups.
In an example of the present invention, at least one first flow regulating assembly 9 is disposed on the water inlet pipe 10, and the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe 10 can be realized through the first flow regulating assembly 9, so that the flow of the material conveyed into the cultivation box 12 can be regulated, and the water level in the cultivation box 12 can also be lifted through the regulation.
In another example of the present invention, the cultivation boxes 12 may be fixedly installed on an external wall or an apparatus, or may be detachably installed, specifically, bolts, nuts, buckles, screws, etc. may be adopted to realize detachable connection.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the egg removing and soaking device comprises a liquid container 1 and a plurality of propagation containers 2 arranged in the liquid container 1, wherein a first drain pipe 3 is arranged on one side of the liquid container 1 facing the shrimp nests 19.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the propagation container 2 may be a propagation dish, and the propagation dish includes a solid dish 5 and a mesh 4 disposed on the solid dish 5, and is enclosed by the mesh 4 and disposed at the upper end of the solid dish 5, so as to form a structure capable of containing a certain solution and allowing the upper solution to flow out.
In another embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the liquid container 1 has a large and shallow area, and the maximum height of the liquid container submerges the solid surface part (solid surface dish 5) at the lower end of the propagation dish, so that the liquid can enter the propagation dish. The propagation dish is square, the lower small part is a solid dish 5, and the upper part is composed of a net 4. When the product is freshwater shrimp, mating and spawning of parent shrimp, and culturing of freshwater shrimp larva and shrimp fry can be completed in the egg-removing soaking device and the culturing box 12; during the debonding, the egg-carrying shrimps are immersed in the egg-removing liquid (which may be the prior art and is not described herein) in the liquid container 1, so that the fertilized eggs can be obtained by egg-removing.
In another example of the present invention, the first drain pipe 3 is provided with a drain switch, which may be an existing product such as a valve, and a specific model is selected according to a requirement, which is not limited herein.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the egg-removing and soaking device further includes an egg counting device for separating and collecting the fertilized eggs to count, the egg counting device includes a funnel 6 and a counting cylinder 8, an opening of the funnel 6 is used for inputting the fertilized eggs, a filtering member 7 for separating the fertilized eggs is disposed in the funnel 6, one end of the funnel 6, which is far away from the opening, is detachably connected to the counting cylinder 8, and a through hole is disposed at an end of the counting cylinder 8.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the egg-carrying shrimps are immersed in the egg-removing solution (which may be the prior art and is not described herein) in the placed liquid container 1 during egg removal, fertilized eggs obtained through egg removal flow out of the meshes of the mesh 4, the propagation container 2 is placed in the opening of the funnel 6, and then the flowing fertilized eggs can be received, or the fertilized eggs can be manually fished out and placed in the funnel 6, so as to complete the input of the fertilized eggs, and a specific mode is selected according to requirements, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that separation is performed by the filter member 7 after the fertilized eggs are input to screen the fertilized eggs and remove the culture water, and then the filter member 7 is taken out and the fertilized eggs are sent to the counting cylinder 8 to be counted and weighed.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the fertilized eggs and the freshwater shrimp larvae can be counted in the egg counting device, the upper end of the egg counting device is a funnel 6, the lower half part of the funnel 6 is provided with a filter member 7, the filter member 7 can be a water permeable and watertight net sheet, the lower end of the funnel 6 is connected with a counting cylinder 8, the counting cylinder 8 is provided with scales, the bottom of the counting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of micropores, when the fertilized eggs are counted, the fertilized eggs separated from the propagation container 2 are poured into the egg counting device together with a small amount of water, most of the water flows out along with the filter member 7, the fertilized eggs are collected in the counting cylinder along with gravity, and the total number is calculated according to the number of unit scales; the same procedure is used for counting the larvae.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharging assembly includes a second discharging pipe 14 disposed on a side of the cultivation box 12 away from the water inlet pipe 10, two adjacent second discharging pipes 14 are communicated through a connecting pipe 13, and a plurality of second flow regulating assemblies 11 are disposed on the connecting pipe 13.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second flow regulating assembly 11 can regulate the opening and closing of the second water discharge pipe 14 and the connecting pipe 13, so that the materials in the culture box 12 can be discharged.
In one embodiment of the invention, preferably, the water source pool of the aquatic product selection cultivation system is an externally arranged cultivation pool and a grass-type pool, the cultivation pool is specially used for cultivating water, and the cultivation method is the same as that of the shrimp fry fattening water pool and is used for providing part of bait for the freshwater shrimp larvae; the grass type pond is the pond of growing grass, for the freshwater shrimp becomes shrimp and breeds and provide the water source, and water inlet pipe 10 and row material subassembly all connect the water source pond respectively through the pipeline.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cultivation box 12 comprises a box body 18 and a decontamination device 20, the box body 18 comprises a housing 21 and an installation space 22 opened in the housing 21, and the installation space 22 is used for installing the shrimp nest 19.
In the embodiment of the invention, the dirt separator 20 is provided with the third flow regulating assembly 17 for controlling opening and closing, the opening and closing of the dirt separator 20 is controlled through the regulation of the third flow regulating assembly 17, and then the generated dirt can be discharged out of the box 18 through the dirt separator 20, which is beneficial to ensuring the cleanness and sanitation of the culture environment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the housing 21 is square, and the installation space 22 is an inverted quadrangular frustum, that is, the integral box 18 has a structure with an upper portion being square, a middle portion being inverted quadrangular frustum, and a bottom portion being a rectangular groove.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet pipe 10 is communicated with a water injection pipe 16 disposed in the box 18 through a communication pipe 15, and the water injection pipe 16 is opened with a plurality of openings for injecting materials into the box 18.
In an embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the water injection pipe 16 is connected to the water inlet pipe 10 through a communication pipe 15, the water injection pipe 16 is a single row of porous pipes, and is arranged on the upper edges of two opposite sides of the cultivation box 12, when water is fed, an impact force downward along the wall is formed, which causes a running water environment and deposits impurities, and the water injection pipe 16 is parallel to the rectangular groove at the bottom of the cultivation box 12.
As shown in fig. 6-10, as a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove 23 for installing the dirt removing device 20 is communicated with one end of the installation space 22 away from the water inlet pipe 10, and a drainage port 24 is provided at one end of the groove 23 away from the water inlet pipe 10, that is, the groove 23 is a rectangular groove at the bottom of the cultivation box 12, and the dirt removing device 20 is disposed in the rectangular groove and plays a role of collecting and removing dirt.
In the embodiment of the invention, the isolator comprises a net box body 30 used for being connected with the shrimp nest 19, the other end of the net box body 30 is connected with a solid body 31, specifically, the net box body 30 is square in upper opening and can be attached to the joint of the upper middle part of the box body 18, the lower bottom is in a contracted square shape, and the structure that the net box body 30 of the isolator is arranged at the upper part and the solid body 31 of the isolator is arranged at the lower part is formed. When the water level of the cultivating box 12 falls, the freshwater shrimps can be automatically gathered in the water in the solid body 31. The freshwater shrimps in the solid bodies 31 can be counted and metered by removing the shrimp nests 19.
In one example of the present invention, the stain remover 20 comprises a stain remover main body 34 arranged in the tank body 23, a plurality of filtering holes 33 are arranged at the upper end opening of the stain remover main body 34, and a cover plate 32 for closing the upper end opening of the stain remover main body 34 is also arranged on the stain remover main body.
In another example of the present invention, it is preferable that the soil remover main body 34 is a water column, the filtering holes 33 are strip-shaped holes uniformly arranged at the upper opening of the soil remover main body 34, the cover plate 32 is a strip-shaped hole cover plate covering the upper opening of the rectangular groove at the bottom of the cultivation box 12, and the water column is suspended under the strip-shaped hole cover plate.
In another embodiment of the invention, the waterwheel column is circular closed at two ends, the surface of the waterwheel column is provided with a plurality of inclined planes tangent to the column surface to form a chute, the edge of the chute is provided with a brush, water flowing down from the strip-shaped hole cover plate drives the waterwheel column to rotate in a single direction, and the brush washes the strip-shaped hole to prevent blockage.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shrimp nest 19 includes a mounting seat 25, a plurality of single nest structures 26 are disposed on the mounting seat 25 in parallel, the single nest structures 26 are connected to the mounting seat 25 through fixing members 27, each single nest structure 26 includes a single nest main body disposed on the mounting seat 25, and a plurality of dense separators 28 and a plurality of sparse separators 29 are respectively arranged on the single nest main body in an array.
In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the shrimp nests 19 are disposed on the isolators, the mounting seats 25 are a plurality of square platforms with small top and large bottom, each platform constitutes a single nest structure 26, the fixing members 27 (i.e., fixing columns) for fixing the square platforms are four corners, so that the whole is in a rectangular frustum shape, except for the top platform, each platform is a vertical separation structure, the separation structure comprises a dense separation part and a sparse separation part, i.e., a plurality of dense separation parts 28 constitute the dense separation part, a plurality of sparse separation parts 29 constitute the sparse separation part, the sparse separation part and the dense separation part are arranged vertically, the freshwater shrimps can inhabit, eat and exuviate in different separation spaces and surfaces, and when the freshwater shrimps are fed, the feed falls to the periphery of each platform, thereby facilitating feeding of the freshwater shrimps at different layers, increasing the breeding density of the freshwater shrimps and reducing fighting damage.
In another example of the present invention, the first flow regulating assembly 9, the second flow regulating assembly 11, and the third flow regulating assembly 17 may be valve products in the prior art, and the control of the valve may adopt various transmission modes, such as manual, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, turbine, electromagnetic hydraulic, electrohydraulic, pneumatic hydraulic, spur gear, bevel gear drive, etc., preferably, the flow regulating assembly 24 is an electromagnetic flow valve in the existing product, and the specific model is selected according to the requirement, and is not limited herein, as long as the flow regulating assembly can be operated according to the predetermined requirement under the action of pressure, temperature or other form of sensing signal, or can be simply opened or closed without depending on the sensing signal, so as to change the size of the flow passage area to realize the control function.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the water injection and drainage control of the aquatic product selective culture system is implemented based on the combination of a plurality of culture boxes 12, and the culture system composed of other facilities, and water can be supplied to a plurality of culture boxes 12 by opening the valve of the water inlet pipe 10 (total water inlet pipe); and the second flow regulating assembly 11 (water drainage master control) is opened, and the water can be uniformly drained from the plurality of cultivation boxes 12. Preferably, the water drainage master control can also be composed of a control handle, a connecting chain and a water drainage valve handle. The connecting chain is connected with a plurality of drainage valves at the same position and then connected with the control handle, and the drainage valves are opened and closed by moving the control handle.
An embodiment of the invention further provides a freshwater shrimp selective breeding method, which adopts the aquatic product selective breeding system, and the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting the freshwater shrimp heterosexual parents (female freshwater shrimps and male freshwater shrimps) with synchronous gonad development periods, placing the parents into an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, separating and collecting fertilized eggs through the egg-removing soaking device after mating and oviposition to generate the fertilized eggs, and counting and weighing the fertilized eggs; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nests 19, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae are counted; in the breeding process, the water level in the breeding box 12 is lifted to lift the isolator, and part of the aquatic products screened and gathered in the isolator in the breeding box 12 are counted and weighed to realize selective breeding.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the method for selectively breeding freshwater shrimps specifically comprises the following steps:
first), selecting and mating freshwater shrimps: in the breeding season of the freshwater shrimps, the freshwater shrimps are intensively cultivated according to a conventional method, so that the gonad development period is synchronized. The freshwater shrimps are selected from breeding populations including family populations or strains or regional populations, female freshwater shrimps and male freshwater shrimps are selected and placed into a propagation vessel (namely a propagation container 2) according to a certain proportion for breeding and management, and the propagation vessel is placed into a breeding box 12. The number of propagation vessels is determined according to the number of the colony and the size of the sample. When the female freshwater shrimps are laid with eggs, the breeding dish is lifted slightly until the water just submerges the shrimp bodies, the male shrimps are removed, and only the female shrimps with eggs are kept to be cultured in the breeding dish continuously. In this stage, the freshwater shrimps before spawning and the egg-spawned female shrimps can be weighed.
II), natural hatching or debonding hatching: when the freshwater shrimps are cultured in a propagation dish for a certain period, the fertilized eggs are stripped in vitro when the fertilized eggs develop to the eyespot. The specific method is that the female shrimps with eggs are lightly held by one hand, and the fertilized eggs are brushed off by the other hand with a writing brush. Before the in vitro stripping, the egg-carrying female shrimps and the propagation dish are moved into the egg-removing liquid together, and the concentration of the egg-removing liquid is half of the normal concentration. Hatching the fertilized eggs in vitro in a common incubator to obtain seedlings. In this stage, the female shrimps after egg dropping can be weighed, and the dropped fertilized eggs and hatched shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter.
Thirdly), selecting shrimp larvae: and taking the same number of young seedlings which are just hatched out, continuously culturing in a propagation vessel until metamorphosis is completed to young shrimps, lifting the propagation vessel, and directly putting the young shrimps with the same number into the culture box 12 for culturing and managing. During this phase, the young shrimp can be counted.
Fourthly), selecting the stage of cultivating into shrimps: from the stage of young shrimp to the stage of adult shrimp in the cultivation tank 12. In the breeding process, the water level can be reduced, the isolators are lifted, the shrimps in the isolators are counted and weighed, then the breeding is kept in the breeding box 12 for breeding until the breeding season in the next year, and breeding is selected again according to the steps.
Fifthly), data arrangement: the weights of the freshwater shrimps in different stages, the egg number, the larva number, the shrimp fry number, the individual weights in different growth stages, the survival rate, the fecundity and the like are classified according to the serial numbers of families or groups, the electronic forms are input item by item, then the big data is processed according to breeding software, the genetic parameters are calculated, and the basis is provided for the next genetic selection.
In order to specifically illustrate that the method can solve the defects that the error of the existing freshwater shrimp selection system is large, the method cannot be carried out on large sample groups, the operation is difficult, the stress resistance of the breeding process to external factors is poor, various breeding methods are difficult to develop and the like, the following embodiments are specifically arranged for the aquatic product selection culture system of the invention:
example 1
And 5, performing family breeding on the freshwater shrimps, preparing to establish 200 families, and performing family selection in an aquatic product selection culture system, wherein the family selection specifically comprises the following steps:
first, system equipment technology
In this embodiment, the aquatic product selective culture system includes:
1) the egg-removing soaking device comprises: the breeding container 2 can adopt a breeding dish, the area of the liquid container 1 is large and shallow, and the solid surface part (solid surface dish 5) at the lower end of the breeding dish is submerged by the maximum height of the liquid container, so that the liquid can enter the breeding dish. The propagation dish is square, the lower small part is a solid dish 5, and the upper part is composed of a net 4. When the product is freshwater shrimp, mating and spawning of parent shrimp, and culturing of freshwater shrimp larva and shrimp fry can be completed in the egg-removing soaking device and the culturing box 12; during the debonding, the egg-carrying shrimps are immersed in the egg-removing liquid (which may be the prior art and is not described herein) in the liquid container 1, so that the fertilized eggs can be obtained by egg-removing. Fertilized eggs and freshwater shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter. The upper end of the egg counting device is a funnel-shaped funnel 6, the lower half part of the funnel 6 is provided with a filtering piece 7, the filtering piece 7 can be a watertight net piece, the lower end of the funnel 6 is connected with a counting cylinder 8, the counting cylinder 8 is provided with scales, the bottom of the counting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of micropores, when fertilized eggs are counted, the fertilized eggs separated from the propagation container 2 are poured into the egg counting device together with small amount of water, most of water flows out along with the filtering piece 7, the fertilized eggs are collected in the counting cylinder along with gravity, and the total number is calculated according to the number of unit scales; the same procedure is used for counting the larvae.
2) The culture device comprises: comprises a culture box 12, a water inlet and drainage system (i.e. a water inlet pipe 10 and a discharge assembly) and a water source pool. The water source pool of the aquatic product selection culture system is a water culture pool and a grass-type pool which are arranged outside, the water culture pool is specially used for culturing water, and the water culture method is the same as that of a shrimp seedling fattening water pond and is used for providing part of bait for the freshwater shrimp larvae; the grass type pond is the pond of growing grass, for the freshwater shrimp becomes shrimp and breeds and provide the water source, and water inlet pipe 10 and row material subassembly all connect the water source pond respectively through the pipeline. The culture box 12 comprises a box body 18, a water injection pipe 16, a shrimp nest 19, an isolator, a decontamination device 20, a discharge assembly and the like.
In this embodiment, the box 18 has a square upper portion, an inverted square frustum middle portion, and a rectangular bottom portion, and the bottom portion of the rectangular bottom portion has a drain pipe connector.
Wherein, the water injection pipe 16 is connected with the water inlet pipe 10 through the communicating pipe 15, and the water injection pipe 16 is the porous pipe of single row, divides to be listed as on the relative both sides upper limb of breed case 12, forms along the decurrent impulsive force of wall when intaking, causes running water environment and deposit impurity, and the water injection pipe 16 is parallel with the rectangular groove of the breed case 12 bottom of the case.
The shrimp nest 19 is arranged on the isolator, the shrimp nest 19 comprises a mounting seat 25, the mounting seat 25 is a plurality of square table tops with small top and large bottom, each table top forms a single nest structure 26, the fixing parts 27 (namely fixing columns) for fixing the square table tops are four corners, the whole body is in a quadrangular table shape, except for the table top, each table top is provided with a vertical separation structure, the separation structure comprises a dense separation part and a sparse separation part, namely, the dense separation parts are formed by the dense separation parts 28, the sparse separation parts are formed by the sparse separation parts 29, the sparse separation parts and the dense separation parts are arranged vertically, the freshwater shrimps can inhabit, ingest and exuviate in different separation spaces and surfaces, when the freshwater shrimps are fed, feed can fall to the periphery of each table top, the feeding of the freshwater shrimps on the same layer is facilitated, the breeding density of the freshwater shrimps can be increased, and fighting damage can be reduced.
The isolator comprises a net box body 30 used for being connected with the shrimp nest 19, the other end of the net box body 30 is connected with a solid surface body 31, specifically, the net box body 30 is square in upper opening, can be attached to the joint of the upper middle part of the box body 18, is square in contraction in the lower bottom, and forms a structure that the upper part is the net box body 30 of the isolator and the lower part is the solid surface body 31 of the isolator. When the water level of the cultivating box 12 falls, the freshwater shrimps can be automatically gathered in the water in the solid body 31. The freshwater shrimps in the solid bodies 31 can be counted and metered by removing the shrimp nests 19.
Wherein, the dirt separator 20 is arranged in a rectangular groove at the bottom of the box body 18 and plays a role in collecting and removing dirt. The soil removal device 20 is divided into a strip-shaped hole cover plate and a water column. The strip hole cover plate covers the upper opening of the rectangular groove, the waterwheel column is suspended under the cover plate, the two ends of the waterwheel column are circularly closed, the surface of the waterwheel column is provided with a plurality of inclined planes tangent to the column surface to form a chute, the edge of the chute is provided with a brush, water flowing down from the strip hole cover plate drives the waterwheel column to rotate in a single direction, and the brush washes the strip hole to prevent blockage.
3) Controlling water injection and drainage: the water injection and drainage control of the aquatic product selective culture system is realized by combining a plurality of culture boxes 12 together and adding other facilities to form the culture system, and water can be supplied to the culture boxes 12 by opening a valve of a water inlet pipe 10 (a main water inlet pipe); and the second flow regulating assembly 11 (water drainage master control) is opened, and the water can be uniformly drained from the plurality of cultivation boxes 12. Preferably, the water drainage master control can also be composed of a control handle, a connecting chain and a water drainage valve handle. The connecting chain is connected with a plurality of drainage valves at the same position and then connected with the control handle, and the drainage valves are opened and closed by moving the control handle. During the cultivation, water and impurities are deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank 12 through the mesh body of the separator, and are discharged out of the tank through the soil remover 20 when being drained.
Second, family selection
1) Selection and mating of parent shrimps: in the breeding season of the freshwater shrimps, the freshwater shrimps are intensively cultivated according to a conventional method, so that the gonad development period is synchronized. Wherein, the freshwater shrimp is selected from female 220 tails and male 220 tails of the freshwater shrimp in a breeding population, and 10% of the freshwater shrimp is used as a propagation guarantee. The breeding dishes are placed into a breeding dish according to the proportion of 1 male and 1 female for breeding and management, and the breeding dish is placed at the top of a shrimp nest 19 in a breeding box 12. 220 breeding boxes 12 and breeding dishes respectively. When the female freshwater shrimps in the propagation dish are laid with eggs, the propagation dish is lifted slightly until the water just submerges the shrimp bodies, the male shrimps are removed, and the egg-laid shrimps are continuously cultured in the propagation dish. In this stage, the male, female and egg-carrying shrimps before egg-carrying can be weighed.
2) And (3) debonding and hatching: when the egg-carrying shrimps are cultured in a propagation dish for a certain period, the fertilized eggs are stripped in vitro when the fertilized eggs develop to the eyespot. The specific method is that the female shrimps with eggs are lightly held by one hand, and the fertilized eggs are brushed off by the other hand with a writing brush. Before the in vitro stripping, the egg-carrying female shrimps and the propagation vessel are moved into the egg-removing liquid together, the concentration of the egg-removing liquid is half of the normal concentration, and the soaking time is the normal egg-removing time or the normal concentration is the half of the normal soaking time. Hatching the fertilized eggs in vitro in a common incubator to obtain seedlings. Female shrimps which can be stripped in the stage can be weighed, and stripped fertilized eggs and hatched shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counting device.
3) Selecting the shrimp larvae: and (3) continuously culturing 1500 newly hatched seedlings in respective propagation vessels until metamorphosis is completed to juvenile shrimps, lifting the propagation vessels, and directly placing 500 juvenile shrimps into the culture box 12 for culture and management. During this phase, the young shrimp can be counted.
4) Selecting the stage of cultivating adult shrimps: from the stage of young shrimp to the stage of adult shrimp in the cultivation tank 12. When the young shrimps grow to about 2 cm, 100 shrimps are reserved in each cultivation box 12. In the middle and final stages of the culture process, the water level is reduced, the isolator is lifted, the shrimps in the isolator are counted and weighed, then the cultivation is kept in the cultivation box 12 until the breeding season of the next 5 months, and the breeding is selected again according to the steps.
5) Data sorting: the number of the families built in this time is 207, and the families are sequentially arranged according to the following numbers: the method comprises the following steps of family number, individual weight (female and male freshwater shrimps, oozed shrimps and post-oozed female shrimps), egg grain number, hatched larvae, survival rate (two stages) and final stage individual weight, wherein 10 rows are counted, 50 growth weight measurements of each family are input into a spreadsheet one by one, 2 million original data are counted, after dimensionless data substitution is carried out, big data processing is carried out according to breeding software, genetic parameters are calculated, genetic breeding values are sequenced, and basis is provided for next genetic selection.
In this embodiment, the invention provides a family selection method and system equipment for freshwater shrimps, which can significantly reduce system errors, are suitable for breeding and breeding large samples of multiple families or groups, and collecting quantifiable traits, and can increase operability and accuracy of genetic breeding and accelerate breeding process. The invention can realize mating, debonding, hatching, seed rearing of freshwater shrimps and fertilized egg counting and shrimp fry counting in the fish culture process of adult shrimps and implement and data acquisition of different genetic breeding selection methods through equipment in the selection process.
Example 2
And 5, performing family breeding on the freshwater shrimps, preparing to establish 100 families, and performing family selection in an aquatic product selection culture system, wherein the family selection specifically comprises the following steps:
first, system equipment technology
In this embodiment, the aquatic product selective culture system includes:
1) hatching without egg drop: specifically, the breeding container 2 is a square breeding dish, a small part at the lower end is a solid dish 5, and the parts above are composed of net sheets 4. Mating and oviposition of parent shrimps, and culturing juvenile freshwater shrimps and young shrimps in the breeding box 12; fertilized eggs and freshwater shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter. The upper end of the egg counting device is a funnel-shaped funnel 6, the lower half part of the funnel 6 is provided with a filtering piece 7, the filtering piece 7 can be a watertight net piece, the lower end of the funnel 6 is connected with a counting cylinder 8, the counting cylinder 8 is provided with scales, the bottom of the counting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of micropores, when fertilized eggs are counted, the fertilized eggs separated from the propagation container 2 are poured into the egg counting device together with small amount of water, most of water flows out along with the filtering piece 7, the fertilized eggs are collected in the counting cylinder along with gravity, and the total number is calculated according to the number of unit scales; the method for counting the larvae is the same as that
2) The culture device comprises: comprises a culture box 12, a water inlet and drainage system (i.e. a water inlet pipe 10 and a discharge assembly) and a water source pool. The water source pool of the aquatic product selection culture system is a water culture pool and a grass-type pool which are arranged outside, the water culture pool is specially used for culturing water, and the water culture method is the same as that of a shrimp seedling fattening water pond and is used for providing part of bait for the freshwater shrimp larvae; the grass type pond is the pond of growing grass, for the freshwater shrimp becomes shrimp and breeds and provide the water source, and water inlet pipe 10 and row material subassembly all connect the water source pond respectively through the pipeline. The culture box 12 comprises a box body 18, a water injection pipe 16, a shrimp nest 19, an isolator, a decontamination device 20, a discharge assembly and the like.
In this embodiment, the box 18 has a square upper portion, an inverted square frustum middle portion, and a rectangular bottom portion, and the bottom portion of the rectangular bottom portion has a drain pipe connector. The water injection pipe 16 is connected with the water inlet pipe 10 through the communicating pipe 15, the water injection pipe 16 is a single-row porous pipe, the water injection pipe is arranged on the upper edges of two opposite sides of the cultivation box 12 in a row, downward impulsive force along the wall is formed during water inflow, a running water environment and deposited impurities are caused, and the water injection pipe 16 is parallel to a rectangular groove at the bottom of the cultivation box 12.
The shrimp nest 19 is arranged on the isolator, the shrimp nest 19 comprises a mounting seat 25, the mounting seat 25 is a plurality of square table tops with small top and large bottom, each table top forms a single nest structure 26, the fixing parts 27 (namely fixing columns) for fixing the square table tops are four corners, the whole body is in a quadrangular table shape, except for the table top, each table top is provided with a vertical separation structure, the separation structure comprises a dense separation part and a sparse separation part, namely, the dense separation parts are formed by the dense separation parts 28, the sparse separation parts are formed by the sparse separation parts 29, the sparse separation parts and the dense separation parts are arranged vertically, the freshwater shrimps can inhabit, ingest and exuviate in different separation spaces and surfaces, when the freshwater shrimps are fed, feed can fall to the periphery of each table top, the feeding of the freshwater shrimps on the same layer is facilitated, the breeding density of the freshwater shrimps can be increased, and fighting damage can be reduced.
The isolator comprises a net box body 30 used for being connected with the shrimp nest 19, the other end of the net box body 30 is connected with a solid surface body 31, specifically, the net box body 30 is square in upper opening, can be attached to the joint of the upper middle part of the box body 18, is square in contraction in the lower bottom, and forms a structure that the upper part is the net box body 30 of the isolator and the lower part is the solid surface body 31 of the isolator. When the water level of the cultivating box 12 falls, the freshwater shrimps can be automatically gathered in the water in the solid body 31. The freshwater shrimps in the solid bodies 31 can be counted and metered by removing the shrimp nests 19.
Wherein, the dirt separator 20 is arranged in a rectangular groove at the bottom of the box body 18 and plays a role in collecting and removing dirt. The soil removal device 20 is divided into a strip-shaped hole cover plate and a water column. The strip hole cover plate covers the upper opening of the rectangular groove, the waterwheel column is suspended under the cover plate, the two ends of the waterwheel column are circularly closed, the surface of the waterwheel column is provided with a plurality of inclined planes tangent to the column surface to form a chute, the edge of the chute is provided with a brush, water flowing down from the strip hole cover plate drives the waterwheel column to rotate in a single direction, and the brush washes the strip hole to prevent blockage.
3) Controlling water injection and drainage: the water injection and drainage control of the aquatic product selective culture system is realized by combining a plurality of culture boxes 12 together and adding other facilities to form the culture system, and water can be supplied to the culture boxes 12 by opening a valve of a water inlet pipe 10 (a main water inlet pipe); and the second flow regulating assembly 11 (water drainage master control) is opened, and the water can be uniformly drained from the plurality of cultivation boxes 12. Preferably, the water drainage master control can also be composed of a control handle, a connecting chain and a water drainage valve handle. The connecting chain is connected with a plurality of drainage valves at the same position and then connected with the control handle, and the drainage valves are opened and closed by moving the control handle. During the cultivation, water and impurities are deposited on the bottom of the cultivation tank 12 through the mesh body of the separator, and are discharged out of the tank through the soil remover 20 when being drained.
Second, family group composite selection
1) Selection and mating of parent shrimps: in the breeding season of the freshwater shrimps, the freshwater shrimps are intensively cultivated according to a conventional method, so that the gonad development period is synchronized. In 100 family groups, each family selects 6 male shrimps and 18 female shrimps, each family is repeated for 3 times, 2 male shrimps and 6 female shrimps are respectively placed into each propagation vessel for cultivation and management, and the propagation vessels are placed into the tops of the shrimp nests 19 in the cultivation box 12. 300 each of the culture box 12 and the propagation vessel. When the female freshwater shrimps in the propagation dish are laid with eggs, the propagation dish is lifted slightly until the water just submerges the shrimp bodies, the male shrimps are removed, and the egg-laid shrimps are continuously cultured in the propagation dish. In this stage, the male, female and egg-carrying shrimps before egg-carrying can be weighed.
2) Naturally hatching: the egg-carrying shrimps are cultured in a propagation dish until hatching and emergence, and then the female shrimps are removed, so that the freshwater shrimp larvae are continuously cultured in the egg-carrying shrimps. In this stage, the female shrimps after egg-shedding can be weighed, and the hatched shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter.
3) Selecting the shrimp larvae: and taking 3000 young shrimps which are just hatched out, continuously culturing in respective propagation vessels until metamorphosis is completed to young shrimps, lifting the propagation vessels, and directly placing 1000 young shrimps into the culture box 12 for culturing and managing. During this phase, the young shrimp can be counted.
4) Selecting the stage of cultivating adult shrimps: from the stage of young shrimp to the stage of adult shrimp in the cultivation tank 12. When the young shrimps grow to about 2 cm, 300 shrimps are kept in each cultivation box 12. In the middle and final stages of the culture process, the water level is reduced, the isolators are lifted, the shrimps in the isolators are counted and weighed, and 50 shrimps are randomly selected from each culture box 12 for individual weighing. Then, the seeds are kept and cultured in the culture box 12 until the breeding season of 5 months in the next year.
5) Data sorting: the total number of families established at this time is 293, and the sequences are as follows: family group number, individual weight (female and male parent shrimps, oozed shrimps and post-oozed female shrimps), hatched larvae, survival rate (two stages) and terminal individual weight, 150 growth weight of each group is measured, electronic forms are input item by item, more than 2 million original data are subjected to data dimensionless substitution, then big data are processed according to breeding software, genetic parameters are calculated, the first 3 groups with higher genetic breeding values are subjected to group expansion, and pond culture performance test is performed.
The invention provides an aquatic product selective culture system, which comprises a culture box 12, a water inlet pipe 10, an egg removing and soaking device, a shrimp nest 19, a discharge assembly and an isolator, wherein the egg removing and soaking device is used for mating and laying eggs of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, and separately collecting the fertilized eggs for counting and weighing; the shrimp nest 19 is arranged in the culture box 12, is communicated with the output end of the egg-removing soaking device, and is used for conveying the larvae onto the fertilized eggs for culture and management after the fertilized eggs are incubated to the larvae; the isolator is arranged in the breeding box 12 and used for screening and gathering part of water products in the breeding box 12 when the water level in the breeding box 12 drops, the water level in the breeding box 12 can be lifted in the breeding process to lift the isolator and count and weigh aquatic products in the isolator, and the breeding system is selected based on the aquatic products to provide a freshwater shrimp selection breeding method, female parents and male parents are selected from an aquatic product breeding family group and placed in an egg removing and soaking device for breeding and management, and fertilized eggs are separated and collected through the egg removing and soaking device for counting and weighing after mating and spawning and generating the fertilized eggs; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nests 19, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae can be counted; then, in the culture process, the water level in the culture box 12 is lifted to lift the isolator, and part of water products in the isolator, which are screened and collected in the culture box 12, are counted and weighed; therefore, the method of adopting a plurality of breeding boxes 12 can record, count and collect the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultured aquatic products in different stages, carry out classification record according to the family or the serial number of the group, carry out big data processing according to breeding software, calculate genetic parameters and provide basis for next genetic selection, thereby being suitable for the accurate breeding of the large sample group and solving the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and breeding equipment can not carry out accurate breeding on the large sample group.
The aquatic product selective culture system provided by the invention has the advantages of small floor area, easiness in operation and small damage to living bodies of freshwater shrimps in each stage; the method is simple and practical, and data acquisition is easy; a large number of families or groups are easily managed, and the system conditions are consistent; small system error and the like. The electric appliances presented in the article can be connected with an external main controller and 220V mains supply, and the main controller can be a conventional known device controlled by a computer and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aquatic product selective culture system comprising a plurality of culture tanks for aquatic product culture, and a water inlet pipe for delivering water to the culture tanks, characterized in that the aquatic product selective culture system further comprises:
the egg-removing soaking device is arranged in the culture box and is used for mating and laying eggs of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, and the fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing;
the shrimp nest is arranged in the culture box, is communicated with the output end of the egg-removing soaking device and is used for conveying the larvae onto the fertilized eggs for culture and management after the fertilized eggs are incubated to the larvae;
a material discharge component arranged on one side of the breeding box far away from the water inlet pipe and used for discharging the materials in the breeding box, and
the separator is arranged on one side, facing the discharge assembly, of the shrimp nests in the breeding box and used for screening and gathering part of water products in the breeding box when the water level in the breeding box drops, and the water level in the breeding box can be lifted in the breeding process so as to lift the separator and count and weigh aquatic products in the separator.
2. An aquatic product selective culture system according to claim 1, wherein the egg removing and soaking device comprises a liquid container and a plurality of propagation containers arranged in the liquid container, and a first drain pipe is arranged on one side of the liquid container facing the shrimp nests.
3. An aquatic product selective culture system according to claim 2, wherein the egg removing and soaking device further comprises an egg counting device for separating and collecting the fertilized eggs for counting, the egg counting device comprises a funnel and a counting cylinder, an opening of the funnel is used for inputting the fertilized eggs, a filtering piece for separating the fertilized eggs is arranged in the funnel, one end of the funnel, far away from the opening, is detachably connected with the counting cylinder, and a through hole is formed in the end part of the counting cylinder.
4. The aquatic product selective culture system according to claim 1, wherein the discharge assembly comprises second water discharge pipes arranged on one side of the culture box, which is far away from the water inlet pipe, two adjacent second water discharge pipes are communicated through a connecting pipe, and a plurality of second flow regulating assemblies are arranged on the connecting pipe.
5. An aquatic product selection cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation box comprises a box body and a decontamination device, the box body comprises a housing and an installation space opened in the housing, and the installation space is used for installing the shrimp nests.
6. The system for selectively culturing aquatic products according to claim 5, wherein the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water injection pipe arranged in the box body through a communication pipeline, and the water injection pipe is provided with a plurality of openings for injecting materials into the box body.
7. An aquatic product selective culture system according to claim 5, wherein one end of the installation space, which is far away from the water inlet pipe, is communicated with a groove body for installing the decontamination device, and a drainage port is arranged at one end of the groove body, which is far away from the water inlet pipe.
8. The system for selectively culturing aquatic products according to claim 1, wherein the shrimp nest comprises a mounting seat, a plurality of single nest structures are arranged on the mounting seat in parallel, the single nest structures are connected with the mounting seat through fixing parts, each single nest structure comprises a single nest main body arranged on the mounting seat, and a plurality of dense separators and a plurality of sparse separators are respectively arranged on the single nest main body in an array.
9. A selective culture method for freshwater shrimps, which is characterized in that the selective culture system for aquatic products according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, and the selective culture method for freshwater shrimps specifically comprises the following steps: selecting the freshwater shrimp heterosexual parents with synchronous gonad development period, placing the freshwater shrimp heterosexual parents into an egg-taking and soaking device for cultivation and management, and separating and collecting fertilized eggs through the egg-taking and soaking device for counting and weighing after the fertilized eggs are mated and laid to generate the fertilized eggs; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nests, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae are counted; and in the culture process, the water level in the culture box is lifted to count and weigh part of the aquatic products in the culture box which are screened and gathered in the isolator so as to realize selective breeding.
10. The application of the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method according to claim 9 in large-scale breeding of aquatic products.
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Application publication date: 20201229 Assignee: Liyang Shezhu Shrimp Farming Professional Cooperative Assignor: FRESHWATER FISHERIES RESEARCH CENTER,CAFS Contract record no.: X2024980002565 Denomination of invention: A selection and breeding system for aquatic products, a method for selecting and breeding green shrimp, and its application Granted publication date: 20230725 License type: Common License Record date: 20240306 |