CN109937954B - Culture and domestication running water culture system for Glyptosternum maculatum - Google Patents
Culture and domestication running water culture system for Glyptosternum maculatum Download PDFInfo
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- CN109937954B CN109937954B CN201910313575.1A CN201910313575A CN109937954B CN 109937954 B CN109937954 B CN 109937954B CN 201910313575 A CN201910313575 A CN 201910313575A CN 109937954 B CN109937954 B CN 109937954B
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Abstract
A water-flowing culture system for culturing and domesticating Glyptosternum maculatum Regan belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The technical problem that batch death occurs when artificially cultured Glyptosternum maculatum Regans grows to about 3.3cm is solved, and the technical key points of the invention are as follows: a plurality of culture tanks are erected in the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond, the lateral wall cloth of culture tank has a plurality of spaces, the thick grains of sand in smooth stone or the river course are placed to the inslot overlap of breeding, the air pump produces the oxygenation gas and carries out the oxygenation aeration through oxygenation nanometer stone convection water farming systems internal water, the water pump is used for in the groundwater pump income sand filtration jar, ultraviolet ray disinfection ware is used for water disinfection, the temperature that the temperature detection control appearance is used for detecting the control water, the delivery end of inlet branch pipe is connected with the water distributor, the bottom of water distributor is provided with the filth impeller, the bottom of glass fiber reinforced plastic pond is provided with the sewage outlet pipe, water level control pipe is connected to the sewage outlet pipe, connect the outlet pipe on water level control pipe's the outer wall. The invention is used for culturing and domesticating the Glyptosternum maculatum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a culture system for culturing and domesticating Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, in particular to a running water culture system for culturing and domesticating Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
Glyptosternum maculatum (Glyptosternum maculatum), Glyptosternum maculatum, Glyptosternum of Glyptosternaceae, named as Pagli in Tibetan, is mainly distributed in dry stream and branch stream of Glyptophan river from Yaluzang river Bobo river to Rika river in Tibet, is the only species distributed to middle and upstream in 7 Glyptophan family fishes in Yaluzang river, and the number of species tends to decrease in recent years.
Glyptosternum maculatum Regan has more quantity in middle swims of Yalu Tibetan Bujiang at the elevation of 4200m in Tibet, the yield is not large, but the meat quality is tender, the taste is delicious, the interspinal bones are few, the nutritive value is high, the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is a rare cold water fish, the market value is high, the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is deeply loved by people, besides the edible value, the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan can be used as a medicine, the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan has certain fishery economic value, and the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is one of important fishery resources on the coast of the locality. However, due to slow growth speed, late sexual maturity, weak individual difference fertility, artificial over-fishing, invasion of foreign species and the like, wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is gradually exhausted, and is listed as an endangered species, and the germ plasm resource protection, artificial cultivation domestication and propagation scale of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans are carried out slowly.
In the prior art:
example 1, applicant is university of agriculture in china, application No. CN201310699056.6, entitled inventive patent application for a method for cultivating fry and fingerlings of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans using artificial feed, which discloses the following: the method of the invention utilizes clean river water source in an indoor cement pond, manually controls micro-flowing water, feeds artificial compound feed, and breeds the fish fry hatched from fertilized eggs into fish seeds with the full length of 3 cm. The survival rate of 2-3-day-old fries of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan cultured by the method reaches more than 80 percent when the fries are 3cm fingerlings.
In conclusion, the research content is how to artificially feed a method for cultivating a fry and a fingerling of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, and the aim is to cultivate the fry of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans of 2-3 days old into the fingerling of 3cm in full length, and the survival rate reaches more than 80%.
Example 2, application No. CN201510837888.9, filed by academy of agriculture and animal husbandry in autonomous region of Tibet, invents an invention patent application named as a method for artificial breeding of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, and discloses the following contents: the breeding method comprises the following steps: A. after the wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans parent fish is soaked in salt water, performing male-female identification, and collecting female fish and male fish; b. The dosage of the pharmaceutical composition for female fish spawning induction is as follows: 5 mug/kg body weight of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone +1 carp pituitary/kg body weight; after 24h of injection, lightly pressing the abdomen of the female fish, and if no free egg granules flow out, injecting a second needle with the same dose of oxytocic; C. adopting dry fertilization; D. after the oosperm membrane of the fertilized egg falls off, the fertilized egg is poured into an incubation groove for incubation, when the Glyptosternum maculatum fries starts swimming at the bottom of the pond, exogenous nutrition is switched, and animal live baits and artificial mixed feed are fed. By mastering the mature rule of the wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans parent fish and researching the artificial propagation technology of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, a set of feasible artificial induced spawning and artificial hatching method is formed, the artificial large-scale culture of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is realized, and the hatching rate reaches more than 70%.
In conclusion, in example 2, the research content is how Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is artificially bred, a set of feasible artificial induced spawning and artificial hatching methods is formed, artificial large-scale culture of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is realized, and the hatching rate is more than 70%.
Example 3, the applicant is the research institute of aquatic science of academy of agriculture and animal husbandry in autonomous region of tibetan, application number CN201721438000.5, invents a utility model patent named Glyptophan maculatum fertilized egg hatching and young fish culture device, which discloses the following: during the hatching process of fertilized eggs of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, the following problems are found to exist: the tail of the larval fish goes out of the membrane, but the head and the yolk sac still can not be separated from the egg membrane, and finally, the larval fish die in large batch because of the overlong membrane-going time. The technical task of artificial breeding of Glyptosternum maculatum is overcome. The technical scheme is as follows: the fertilized egg hatching and young fish culturing device of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans comprises a culturing tank, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet; the upper end of the culture tank is provided with an opening, an isolation screen is arranged in the culture tank, and the isolation screen divides the culture tank into a left part and a right part, one part is a culture chamber, and the other part is an oxygen supply chamber; an oxygen pump and a water inlet pipe are arranged in the oxygen supply chamber, and an incubation sieve tray is laid above the culture chamber; the bottom of the culture room is provided with the water outlet. The whole set of device for hatching the fertilized eggs of Glyptosternum maculatum and culturing the larvae fish can be used for the hatching process of the fertilized eggs, and the hatching mesh screen is taken away after the larvae fish are taken out of the membrane, so that the larvae fish is also a fry culturing device, and the device has high utilization rate and good practicability. The water outlet and the water inlet pipe form a water flow passage together, and the flowing water environment of the whole culture tank in the process of hatching the fertilized eggs of Glyptosternum maculatum and culturing the larvae is ensured. The isolating screen separates the culture chamber from the oxygen supply chamber, can provide more suitable environmental conditions for the incubation of fertilized eggs of Glyptosternum maculatum and the larvae, and can prevent bubbles from entering the culture chamber, thereby preventing the bubbles from impacting the larvae and preventing the fingerlings from swallowing small bubbles. The isolation screen separates the culture room from the oxygen supply room, and sponge is filled between the isolation screen and the culture groove wall, so that bubbles generated by the oxygen pump can be effectively prevented from rising and focusing to the bottom of the hatching sieve tray, and the situation that fertilized eggs are anoxic and dead due to bubble isolation and incapability of contacting with water flow is avoided. When passing through the sieve tray, the size limitation of the sieve tray grids can play an effective role in helping most of embryo bodies to completely remove egg membranes, and the membrane removal rate reaches over 95 percent.
To sum up, in the above example 3, the cultivated object is wild Glyptosternum maculatum larvae juvenile fish, and the effect is realized by helping most of embryo bodies to completely break away from egg membranes, and the membrane removal rate reaches more than 95%.
Example 4, the applicant is the research institute of aquatic science of academy of agriculture and animal husbandry in autonomous region of Tibet with application number CN201820610981.5, inventing a utility model patent entitled culture system for domesticating wild Glyptosternum maculatum kisans parent fish, which discloses the following: in order to realize the domestication of wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, a culture system for domesticating the parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is provided, the ecological environment is simulated, and the domestication and seed preservation survival rate of the parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is effectively improved. The technical scheme is as follows: the culture system comprises a filter tank, an oxygenation tank, a temperature control device and a culture tank; the water outlet of the filter tank is connected with the water inlet of the aeration tank, the water outlet of the aeration tank is connected with the water inlet of the temperature control device, the water outlet of the temperature control device is connected with the water inlet of the culture tank, and the water outlet of the culture tank is connected with the water inlet of the filter tank; an arch channel for parent fish to pass through is laid at the bottom of the culture pond. According to the system, the arched channel is laid at the bottom of the culture pond, a cave in a natural ecological environment is simulated, accurate temperature control is realized by the temperature control device, the occurrence of the saprolegnia Glyptosternum Regans can be effectively controlled, water is saved, the domestication and seed conservation survival rate of the parent Glyptosternum Regans can be effectively improved, and the survival rate can be improved to more than 90%.
To sum up, in example 4, the cultivated object is wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans parent fish, and the survival rate can be improved to more than 90%.
Under the efforts of scientific researchers, in the hatching process of fertilized eggs of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, the aim of helping most of embryo bodies to completely shed egg membranes is realized, and the membrane shedding rate reaches more than 95%; the parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans fish domesticates and preserves the survival rate, the survival rate is improved to more than 90%; the survival rate of cultivated 2-3 days old fry of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan cultivated into 3 cm-length fingerlings reaches more than 80%. The juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans feeds after the meal is opened, but batch death occurs when the juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans grows to about 3.3 centimeters. In a sense, the current scientific researchers face a difficulty that the central importance of the work of the scientific researchers is to break through the bottleneck and artificially culture the 1 st and 2 nd Glyptophan maculatum Regans.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
In view of the above, in order to overcome the technical problem that batch death occurs when the artificially cultured Glyptosternum maculatum Regans grows to about 3.3 centimeters, the invention provides a culture and domestication running water culture system for the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, which obtains artificial culture and running water culture domestication of 1-age and 2-age Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, further promotes reasonable utilization and protection of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans resources, and promotes sustainable development of the Tibetan cold water fish industry.
The invention relates to a culture and domestication running water culture system for Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, which comprises a water pump, a sand filter tank, a water inlet main pipe, a water inlet branch pipe, a water distribution pipe, a culture tank, a glass fiber reinforced plastic pond, an air pump, oxygenation nano-stone, an ultraviolet sterilizer, a temperature detection controller, a sewage impeller, a sewage outlet pipe, a water level control pipe and a water outlet pipe;
the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond is internally provided with a plurality of culture tanks, the side wall of each culture tank is provided with a plurality of gaps, coarse sand grains in smooth stones or riverways are overlapped and placed in the culture tanks, oxygen-increasing nano stones are arranged in the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond, oxygen-increasing gas generated by an air pump carries out oxygen-increasing aeration on water in a running water culture system through the oxygen-increasing nano stones, the water pump is used for pumping underground water into a sand filter tank, the water outlet end of the sand filter tank is sequentially connected with a valve, an ultraviolet sterilizer, a temperature detection controller and a water inlet header pipe, the ultraviolet sterilizer is used for sterilizing the water, the temperature detection controller is used for detecting and controlling the temperature of the water, the water inlet header pipe is arranged above the culture tanks, a plurality of water inlet branch pipes are arranged on the water inlet header pipe, the water outlet ends of the water inlet branch pipes are connected with water distribution pipes, the water distribution pipes are vertically arranged in the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond and positioned at the two sides of the culture tanks, and the bottom of the water distribution pipes is provided with a dirt impeller, the bottom of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pool is provided with a sewage outlet pipe, the sewage outlet pipe is connected with a water level control pipe, and the outer wall of the water level control pipe is connected with a water outlet pipe.
Further: the lateral wall cloth of breeding the groove has a plurality of gaps, specifically does: a plurality of rectangular holes are formed in the side wall in an array mode, the length and the width of each rectangular hole are 30mm and 1.5mm, the distance between the vertically adjacent rectangular holes is 2mm, and the distance between the horizontally adjacent rectangular holes is 4 mm. By the arrangement, under the condition of preventing juvenile fishes from escaping, the water distribution pipes distribute water into the culture tank, and the natural growth environment of Glyptosternum maculatum is simulated more truly.
Further: the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes from top to bottom, the water distribution holes are arranged on the same bus of the water distribution pipe, the water outlet end of the water inlet branch pipe is connected with the water distribution pipe through a loose joint, and the diameter of each water distribution hole is 8 mm. So set up, the adjustable connection form of trompil mode combination water distributor changes the rivers state in breeding the groove through adjustment water distribution hole direction, comes the simulation natural environment rivers condition.
Further: the sewage impeller is a variable cross-section structure body, the cross section of the sewage impeller is in a rectangular shape through circular transition by taking the water flow direction as a reference, the width of the outlet end is far larger than the height of the outlet end, a flat nozzle outlet end is formed, and an included angle of 30-55 degrees is formed between the water outlet route of the sewage impeller and the bottom of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pool. So set up, rivers flow through the filth impeller, and the water that promotes the farming system bottom flows to sewage mouth pipe, does benefit to the discharge of breeding the excrement, makes aquaculture environment and natural environment's being closer.
Further: and the water inlet end of each water distribution pipe is provided with a respective valve. According to the arrangement, the water distribution pipes can be coordinately managed, the water flow speed is adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of different valves, and the natural growth environment of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is simulated.
Further: the length, width and height of each culture groove are 1500mm 1200mm 1100mm, the height of culture water level is 900mm, and the height of coarse sand grains in smooth stones or river channels is 500 mm. By the arrangement, the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is suitable for culturing and domesticating Glyptosternum maculatum Regans with the body length of 3.3 centimeters to 1-year and 2-year Glyptosternum maculatum Regans.
Further: the water outlet pipe is connected to a drainage pipeline. So set up, prevent that aquaculture water directly discharges and causes environmental pollution.
Has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a culture and domestication flow culture system of Glyptosternum maculatum Regn, which is established for breaking through the technical bottleneck that batch death occurs when artificially cultured Glyptosternum maculatum Regn grows to about 3.3cm, through assassiduous research for three years, the culture and domestication flow culture method obtains the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn of 1 year and 2 years, the average body length of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn of 1 year reaches 6.25cm, the average body weight reaches 16.02g, the average body length of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn of 2 year reaches 9.34cm, the average body weight reaches 23.07g, the survival rate of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn of 1 year reaches 60.23%, and the survival rate of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn of 2 year reaches 58.06%. The survival rates of 1 st and 2 nd Glyptosternum maculatum Regan are rarely reported in the existing data, because the survival rates of 1 st and 2 nd Glyptosternum maculatum Regan in a large number of research and culture processes are extremely low, the research of the invention achieves unexpected results of research and development personnel in the field, and the reasonable utilization and protection of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan resources are promoted, and the sustainable development of the Tibetan cold water fish industry is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a water culture system for culturing and domesticating Glyptosternum maculatum Regan according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 (several groups of farming systems are omitted from the middle of the two groups of farming systems);
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the culture tank;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the dirt pusher;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a front view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 6.
In the figure: the device comprises a water pump 1, a sand filter tank 2, a water inlet main pipe 3, a water inlet branch pipe 4, a water distribution pipe 5, a culture tank 6, a glass fiber reinforced plastic pool 7, an air pump 8, oxygenation nano-stones 9, an ultraviolet sterilizer 10, a temperature detection controller 11, a dirt impeller 12, a sewage outlet pipe 13, a water level control pipe 14, a water outlet pipe 15, a drainage pipe 16, a loose joint 17, a first valve 18, a second valve 19, a smooth stone 20 and coarse sand grains 21 in a river channel.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the interest of clarity and conciseness, not all features of an actual implementation are described in the specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not so relevant to the present invention are omitted.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a culture and domestication running water culture system of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, comprising a water pump 1, a sand filtration tank 2, a water inlet main pipe 3, a water inlet branch pipe 4, a water distribution pipe 5, a culture tank 6, a glass fiber reinforced plastic pond 7, an air pump 8, an oxygen increasing nano-stone 9, an ultraviolet sterilizer 10, a temperature detection controller 11, a dirt impeller 12, a sewage outlet pipe 13, a water level control pipe 14, a water outlet pipe 15 and a water drainage pipe 16;
the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond 7 is internally provided with a plurality of culture tanks 6, and the side wall of each culture tank 6 is provided with a plurality of gaps, which are specifically as follows: the length, width and height of each culture groove are 1500mm, 1200mm and 1100mm, the height of the culture water level is 900mm, a plurality of rectangular holes are arranged on the side wall in an array mode, the length, width and dimension of each rectangular hole are 30mm, 1.5mm, the distance between every two adjacent rectangular holes is 2mm, and the distance between every two adjacent rectangular holes is 4 mm; smooth stones or coarse sand grains in a river channel are placed in the culture tank 6 in an overlapping mode, the height of the overlapping placement is 500mm, oxygen-increasing nano stones 9 are arranged in the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond 7, oxygen-increasing gas generated by the air pump 8 conducts oxygen-increasing aeration on water in the running water culture system through the oxygen-increasing nano stones 9, the water pump 1 is used for pumping underground water into the sand filter tank 2, the water outlet end of the sand filter tank 2 is sequentially connected with a first valve 18, an ultraviolet sterilizer 10, a temperature detection controller 11 and a water inlet header pipe 3, the ultraviolet sterilizer 10 is used for sterilizing the water, the temperature detection controller 11 is used for detecting and controlling the temperature of the water, the water inlet header pipe 3 is arranged above the culture tank, a plurality of water inlet branch pipes 4 are arranged on the water inlet header pipe 3, the water outlet ends of the water inlet branch pipes 4 are connected with the water distribution pipes 5 by adopting loose joints 17, the water distribution pipes 5 are vertically arranged in the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond 7 and are positioned at two sides of the culture tank 6, the water distribution pipes 5 are provided with a plurality of water distribution holes 5-1 from top to bottom, the water distribution holes 5-1 are arranged on the same bus of the water distribution pipes 5, the diameter of each water distribution hole is 8mm, the water inlet end of each water distribution pipe 5 is provided with a second valve 19, the bottom of each water distribution pipe 5 is provided with a sewage impeller 12, each sewage impeller 12 is a variable-section structure body, the cross section of the sewage impeller 12 is in a rectangular shape by taking the water flow direction as reference, the width of the outlet end is far greater than the height of the outlet end to form a flat nozzle outlet end, and the water outlet route of each sewage impeller 12 and the bottom of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pool 7 form an included angle of 30-55 degrees; the bottom of the glass fiber reinforced plastic tank 7 is provided with a sewage outlet pipe 13, the sewage outlet pipe 13 is connected with a water level control pipe 14, the outer wall of the water level control pipe 14 is connected with a water outlet pipe 15, and the water outlet pipe 15 is connected with a drainage pipeline 16.
The specific implementation mode is that groundwater is utilized to carry out flowing water culture domestication, water flow under natural conditions is simulated, the direction, the size and the impact position of the water flow in the flowing water culture tank are designed, and proper adjustment is carried out according to culture requirements to form a water flow environment such as a natural condition state. Pumping underground water by a water pump 1, entering a sand filter tank 2 through a pipeline, filtering metal ions, solid mineral substances and fine particle suspended matters in the water, then entering the water into an ultraviolet sterilizer 10 through a valve, sterilizing the water, flowing into a temperature detection controller 11, detecting and controlling the water temperature of the culture water by using the controller, controlling the water temperature to be 8-9 ℃ for culture set water temperature adjustment, then leading the water to flow into a water inlet main pipe 3, a water inlet branch pipe 4 and a water distribution pipe 5, flowing through the valve on the water distribution pipe, leading the water to respectively enter a culture tank 6 through water distribution holes, and carrying out domestication culture on glyptostermus maculatus; when the water flows into the culture tank, the water flows out through the sewage pusher to push the water at the bottom of the culture tank to flow to the sewage port, so that the culture excrement is discharged; generating oxygen-increasing gas by using an air pump 8, carrying out oxygen-increasing aeration on water bodies in the flowing water culture tank through an oxygen-increasing nano stone 9, and supplementing dissolved oxygen entering the water bodies in the culture tank; the culture tank is made of stainless steel materials, and adopts a coarse sand culture environment which simulates natural environment conditions and places smooth stones or river channels; the water distribution hole direction is adjusted to change the water flow state in the culture tank, so as to simulate the water flow condition of the natural environment; the culture water in the culture tank flows into and out of the stainless steel culture tank through the pores on the four walls of the tank; the water flowing out of the culture water body enters a water level control pipe 14 of the water flow domestication culture tank through a sewage outlet under the action of the sewage pusher; after the culture water body overflows, the water enters a drainage pipeline 16 through a water outlet pipe 15, and the whole running water culture process is completed. Therefore, the culture and domestication of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan in running water of artificially simulating natural environmental conditions are realized. Obtaining artificially cultured and cultured in running water to obtain 1-year-old and 2-year-old Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, wherein the average body length of the 1-year-old Glyptosternum maculatum Regans reaches 6.25cm, the average body weight reaches 16.02g, the average body height is 1.12cm, the average head length is 1.52cm, and the average tail stem length is 1.30 cm; the average body length of 2-year-old Glyptosternum maculatum Regan reaches 9.34cm, the average body weight reaches 23.07g, the average body height is 1.67cm, the average head length is 2.27cm, and the average tail stem length is 1.95 cm; the survival rate of 1-year Glyptosternum maculatum Regan reaches 60.23%, the constitution is strong, the body surface is smooth, the activity is strong, and the food intake is vigorous, and the survival rate of 2-year Glyptosternum maculatum Regan reaches 58.06%, the constitution is strong, the body surface is smooth, the activity is strong, and the food intake is vigorous.
Example 1: the difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that the ultraviolet sterilizer 10 and the temperature detection controller 11 are removed, the sewage impeller 12 is removed, the water distribution pipe is fixedly installed, the size of the culture tank is adjusted, the length, width and height of the culture tank are 1600mm, 1200mm, the height of the culture water level is set to 1000mm, a plurality of rectangular holes are arranged on the side wall in an array mode, the length, width and height of the rectangular holes are 40mm, 1.5mm, the juvenile fishes are placed in the system for culture, the juvenile fishes begin to die when the juvenile fishes grow to 2.8cm, and all the juvenile fishes die after one week.
Example 2: referring to fig. 6 to 7, the difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that smooth stones (stones, cobblestones, etc. washed in the river), coarse sand grains in the river, and PE tube fish reefs with holes are placed in the culture tank, and the three substances are placed in an overlapping manner under artificial simulation natural conditions, so as to generate three different fish culture living environments. The water flow under the natural condition is simulated, the water flow direction in the flowing water culture tank is designed, and the water flow environment formed by properly adjusting according to the culture requirement is like the natural condition state. Grouping temperature control: the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is cultured and domesticated in running water, and the grouping temperature control is carried out by 5 temperature gradients in three different culture environments under the same water source, the same oxygenation mode and the conditions of water quality filtration and disinfection. The test is carried out in 5 groups of test culture tanks, and the temperature gradient is set to be 6-7 ℃; 8-9 ℃; 10-11 ℃; 13-14 ℃; the temperature of the flowing water culture is controlled by utilizing five groups of refrigerating unit systems at the temperature of 16-17 ℃ to meet the actual requirement of the flowing water culture. Feeding the feed: (nutrient supply) simulated natural flowing water culture conditions, an optimized water quality treatment method and technology, flowing water culture is carried out, full-artificial cultivation and domestication are carried out, cultivation and domestication of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans are carried out in the form of feeding live baits, compound feeds and bulk materials formed by mixing the live baits with the feeds, and feeding times and feeding amount are designed according to water temperature conditions. By adopting the method, the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is cultured in running water by utilizing underground water, and good effect is achieved in the running water culture within a culture period of 150 days. The method is characterized in that the full-artificial cultivation and domestication are implemented by using the same water source, the same oxygenation mode and water quality treatment conditions, and adopting the technologies of grouping temperature control, artificial design, different feed nutrient supply and the like under different ecological culture environment conditions. In three culture environments with different temperature gradients, the temperature is 8-9 ℃, the survival rate in the environment of overlapping smooth stones and coarse sand grains is high, the survival rate of 1 st Glyptosternum maculatum Regan reaches 60.23%, the survival rate of 2 nd Glyptosternum maculatum Regan reaches 58.06%, and seedlings are robust in physique, smooth in body surface, strong in activity and vigorous in ingestion. The temperature is 6-7 ℃, and the survival rate in three environments is lower than 20.5 percent. The temperature is 10-11 ℃, the survival rate in three environments is lower than 18.3 percent, the temperature is 13-14 ℃, and the survival rate in three environments is lower than 18.1 percent. The temperature is 16-17 ℃, and the survival rate in three environments is lower than 17.6%.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the contents thereof are merely embodiments adopted to facilitate understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a culture and domestication's flowing water farming systems of Glyptosternum maculatum, its characterized in that: comprises a water pump (1), a sand filtration tank (2), a water inlet header pipe (3), a water inlet branch pipe (4), a water distribution pipe (5), a culture tank (6), a glass fiber reinforced plastic pool (7), an air pump (8), oxygenation nano-stone (9), an ultraviolet sterilizer (10), a temperature detection controller (11), a dirt impeller (12), a sewage outlet pipe (13), a water level control pipe (14) and a water outlet pipe (15);
the glass fiber reinforced plastic pond (7) is internally provided with a plurality of culture grooves (6), the side wall of each culture groove (6) is provided with a plurality of gaps, coarse sand grains in smooth stones or river channels are overlapped and placed in each culture groove (6), oxygen increasing nano stones (9) are arranged in each glass fiber reinforced plastic pond (7), an air pump (8) generates oxygen increasing gas to carry out oxygen increasing aeration on water in the water culture system through the oxygen increasing nano stones (9), the water pump (1) is used for pumping into the underground water filter tank (2), the water outlet end of the underground water filter tank (2) is sequentially connected with a valve, an ultraviolet sterilizer (10), a temperature detection controller (11) and a water inlet header pipe (3), the ultraviolet sterilizer (10) is used for sterilizing the water, the temperature detection controller (11) is used for detecting and controlling the temperature of the water, the water inlet header pipe (3) is arranged above the culture grooves, and is provided with a plurality of water inlet branch pipes (4), the water outlet end of the water inlet branch pipe (4) is connected with a water distribution pipe (5), the water distribution pipe (5) is vertically arranged in a glass fiber reinforced plastic pool (7) and is positioned at two sides of the culture tank (6), the bottom of the water distribution pipe (5) is provided with a sewage impeller (12), the pool bottom of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pool (7) is provided with a sewage outlet pipe (13), the sewage outlet pipe (13) is connected with a water level control pipe (14), and the outer wall of the water level control pipe (14) is connected with a water outlet pipe (15);
the water temperature of the water body in the culture tank (6) is 8-9 ℃; the height of the culture water level is set to 900mm, the length, width and height of each culture groove are 1500mm, 1200mm and 1100mm, and a plurality of gaps are distributed on the side wall of each culture groove (6), specifically: a plurality of rectangular holes are arrayed on the side wall, the size length and width of each rectangular hole are 30mm and 1.5mm, the distance between the vertically adjacent rectangular holes is 2mm, the distance between the horizontally adjacent rectangular holes is 4mm, a plurality of water distribution holes are formed in the water distribution pipe (5) from top to bottom, the plurality of water distribution holes are formed in the same bus of the water distribution pipe, the water outlet end of the water inlet branch pipe (4) is connected with the water distribution pipe (5) through a loose joint, the diameter of each water distribution hole is 8mm, and the overlapped height of coarse sand grains in smooth stones or riverways is 500 mm;
the culture system is used for culturing and domesticating Glyptosternum maculatum Regans with the body length of 3.3 centimeters to 1-year and 2-year Glyptosternum maculatum Regans;
the sewage impeller (12) is a variable cross-section structure body, the cross section of the sewage impeller (12) is in a rectangular shape through circular transition by taking the water flow direction as reference, the width of the outlet end is far larger than the height of the outlet end to form a flat nozzle outlet end, and the water outlet path of the sewage impeller (12) and the bottom of the glass fiber reinforced plastic pool (7) form an included angle of 30-55 degrees.
2. The culture domesticated running water culture system of Glyptosternum maculatum Regn according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the water inlet end of each water distribution pipe is provided with a respective valve.
3. The culture domesticated running water culture system of Glyptosternum maculatum Regn according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water outlet pipe (15) is connected to a water discharge pipeline (16).
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