CN112772470B - Artificial cultivation method of juvenile glyptosternum maculatum - Google Patents
Artificial cultivation method of juvenile glyptosternum maculatum Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial culture method of a juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, which comprises the following steps: sterilizing culture tools and the parallel grooves; daily management and cleaning; selecting baits; the method is characterized in that the feeding is carried out from the opening of the roundworm, and the fairy shrimp and the chironomid larva are transited to the feeding of the feed and the chironomid larva. The cultivation method of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn juvenile fish has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, low cost, good domesticated fry quality and the like, breaks through the cultivation bottleneck of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn fry, ensures that the survival rate of the fry cultivated to 19 months old reaches more than 80%, effectively solves the problem of high death rate of the fry caused by discomfort of baits, feeding methods, environments and the like in the domestication and cultivation process of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regn, and provides reference for the cultivation of other Glyptophan maculatum Regn juvenile fishes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial culture method of juvenile Euchiloglanis maculatum Regans, belonging to the technical field of aquatic product culture.
Background
Glyptosternum maculatum (Glyptosternum maculatum) belongs to Glyptosternum of Glyptophan of Glyptophantoschidaceae, is a unique fish in the upstream (altitude of 2800-4200 m) of the Yanugu river region of Tibet, and has a unique biological evolution mechanism adapted to plateau water areas. The Glyptosternum maculatum Regan has tender meat, delicious taste and few muscle pricks, has certain medicinal value, is an important raw material of Tibetan medicine, and is popular and advocated by people in Tibetan regions. However, in recent years, under the influence of over fishing, hydraulic engineering, environmental pollution, habitat change and the like, the population resource amount of Glyptosternum maculatum is continuously reduced, and only the middle and lower streams are sporadically distributed, so that the Glyptosternum maculatum is in danger of extinction.
Therefore, the development of artificial propagation, culture, utilization and protection research on Glyptosternum maculatum Regan has important significance for recovering the natural resource amount. At present, partial progress is made in the research of the species, and the technical problem of artificial propagation of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is broken through. However, since the ingestion organ of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is positioned on the ventral surface of the head and food is ingested in a manner of allowing ingestion and feeding, the fry cultivation by adopting the conventional method is not successful, the fry cultivation technology can not be broken through all the time, the survival record of the fry does not exceed 3 months, and the nutritional requirement and the feed research and development are not developed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an artificial cultivation method of the juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, and solves the problem that the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans seedlings are not easy to survive in the existing cultivation technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an artificial culture method of juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans comprises the following aspects:
(1) sterilizing the culture tools and the parallel tanks;
(2) paying attention to stocking density, daily cleaning, water temperature and disease prevention and treatment;
(3) bait is fed by stages in a mode of combining rotifers, fairy worms, chironomid larvae and feed;
(4) the specific feeding method is carried out according to the following stages
A rotifer stage: feeding rotifers at the age of 20 days, feeding two thirds of Glyptosternum maculatum fries in a flat trip for 3 times a day, wherein the feeding time is 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 every day; feeding 15g of rotifers in each horizontal groove, and uniformly sprinkling the rotifers in the horizontal grooves; after feeding for 1h, cleaning residual bait, and feeding for 5d to 25 days;
secondly, feeding by combining rotifers and fairy shrimps: after the larvae are 25 days old, feeding the rotifers and the fairy worms in a combined manner for 20 days to 45 days old; wherein, when the adult is 26-35 days old, the fairy shrimp is fed at 5:00 per day, and the rotifers are fed at 10:00 and 16:00 per day; feeding the fairy shrimp at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding the rotifer at 16:00 days when the fairy shrimp are 36-45 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning residual bait after feeding for 1 hour;
③ fairy shrimp stage: feeding the fairy shrimp only after the age of 45 days, and feeding the fairy shrimp for 15 days to 60 days; wherein, when the adult beetles are 46-60 days old, the adult beetles are fed at 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 every day, 15g of the adult beetles are fed in one flat groove every time, and the residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding;
and fourthly, the stage of the fairy shrimp and the chopped chironomid larva: adding cut chironomus larvas after the larvae are 60 days old, and feeding for 30 days to 90 days old; wherein when the larvae are 61-75 days old, the chopped chironomus larvas are fed at 5:00 days per day, and the fairy shrimp are fed at 10:00 days and 16:00 days per day; feeding chopped chironomus larvae at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding fairy worms at 16:00 when the chironomus larvae are 76-90 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning the residual bait after feeding for 1 hour;
fifthly, chironomid larva stage: after 90 days of age, adding chironomus larvas into the mixture, and feeding the mixture for 45-135 days of age; wherein, when the adult is 91-105 days old, 5:00 of chironomus larvas are fed with whole chironomus larvae every day, and 10:00 and 16:00 of chironomus larvas are fed with minced chironomus larvae every day; feeding chironomus larvas as a whole insect and chopped chironomus larvas at the ratio of 5:00 and 10:00 every day when the chironomus larvas are 106-120 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning residual bait after feeding for 1 hour; feeding the chironomus larvas into the larvae of the chironomus at the age of 121-135 days at 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 days; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning the residual bait after feeding for 1 hour;
sixthly, the larval and feed stage of the chironomus: adding feed after 135 days old; feeding feed at 5:00 and feeding chironomus larvas at 10:00 and 16:00 every day when the larvae are 136-165 days old; feeding feed at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding the chironomus larvas as whole insects at 16:00 when the larvae are 166-200 days old; 15g of feed and 15g of chironomus larvae are fed into one flat groove each time, and residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding; after 200 days of age, 5:00 feeds are fed every day, and 16:00 feeds the whole chironomid larvae; 20g of feed and 20g of chironomus larvae are fed into one flat groove each time, and residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding.
The specific disinfection method of the culture tool and the parallel tank comprises the following steps:
the species of the culture tools are as follows: dense square small net, brush and scouring pad;
the culture tool disinfection method comprises the following steps: disinfecting the culture tool once every half month, soaking and disinfecting the culture tool for 2 hours by using a povidone iodine solution, then cleaning the culture tool for 7-8 times by using clear water, and completely removing medicine residues for use; wherein the usage amount of povidone iodine solution is 1m3The water body contains 375mg of povidone iodine solution;
the disinfection method of the parallel groove comprises the following steps: soaking and disinfecting with povidone iodine solution for 24h, cleaning with clear water for 5 times after disinfection, soaking with clear water for 24h, and cleaning for 5 times to ensure no drug residue; wherein the usage amount of povidone iodine solution is 1m3375mg povidone iodine solution in water.
The stocking density is as follows: each flat groove is used for stocking Glyptosternum maculatum fries of 15-20 days old not more than 1500 tails, the length of the used flat groove is 3.0m, the width of the used flat groove is 0.45m, the height of the used flat groove is 0.27m, the water level is 18cm, the water temperature is kept at 8-15 ℃, sudden temperature rise or sudden temperature drop is avoided, and pond separation is avoided in the breeding process.
The specific method for daily cleaning comprises the following steps: fishing out the residual bait by using a dense-hole square small net after each feeding, and slowly changing water; thoroughly cleaning the walls of the parallel tanks by using a brush and scouring pad before feeding in the morning every day, wherein the fish bodies cannot be touched during cleaning, and slowly changing water after cleaning; when water is changed, the water control pipe of the parallel groove is pulled out, water in the parallel groove is slowly discharged to the water depth of 6cm, and then clear water is injected again.
The specific method for preventing and treating the diseases comprises the following steps: the water source is kept clean, a pollution-free water source or well water is selected, advance prevention is achieved, and death caused by stress generated by fish drug treatment in the culture process is avoided; if the fish body is sick, such as abnormal swimming, emaciation and independent swimming from a group, the interference is avoided, the fish is fed for 1 time at 5:00 early every day without any medicine to sterilize the fish body and the parallel grooves, and the fish is fed normally after the fish body is slowly recovered.
The horizontal grooves are also provided with shielding objects, and the specific method for placing the shielding objects comprises the following steps: three cobblestones with the diameter of 15-20 cm are placed in each flat groove; the surface of the stone is smooth, and the bottom of the stone is made of stainless steel to form a support of 8cm, so that the skin of the fish body is prevented from being scratched when the fish body avoids the fish body; the upper parts of the parallel grooves are covered by a baffle plate, so that light is prevented from being absorbed; the environment is required to be quiet and avoid noise interference.
The rotifer in the bait is frozen rotifer, and is fed after being cleaned for 5 times by clear water.
The fairy shrimp in the bait needs to be incubated for 24 hours, and the fairy shrimp is incubated and fed at the moment; the specific hatching method comprises the following steps: 10g NaHCO was added to 2L of water at 28 deg.C322g of to-be-shelled artemia cysts and 33g of sodium chloride are continuously aerated and stirred, the water temperature is kept at 28 ℃, the eggs are incubated for 24 hours, after the orange-colored artemia cysts are hatched, aeration is stopped, the orange-colored artemia cysts sink to the lower part, the artemia cysts float to the upper part, the artemia cysts at the lower part are collected, the mixing of the artemia cysts is avoided, 100-mesh bolting silk is used for collecting the artemia cysts, the artemia cysts are washed in clear water for 5 times, and residues are removed for later use.
Female chironomus larvae with the body length of 20-30 mm are selected as the chironomus larvae in the bait; after chironomus larvas are purchased, 2% sodium chloride analytically pure or iodine-free edible salt is used for sterilizing for 20min, dead insects are removed, the chironomus larvas are placed in clear water for cleaning for 5 times, residual salt is removed, and the chironomus larvas are subpackaged and frozen at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ for storage.
The feed in the bait comprises: the Earford EX GR feed is produced by Earherlands Limited, and the particle size is 0.5-0.8 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an artificial culture method of a juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans aiming at the problem that large-size Glyptosternum maculatum Regans seedlings are not easy to survive, and the artificial culture method mainly comprises the following four aspects:
1. sterilizing the culture tools and the parallel tanks, and cleaning the culture tools and the parallel tanks by a large amount of clear water after sterilization; 2. daily management, namely cleaning regularly to ensure that a water source is clean, reduce interference and avoid environmental change and fish body disinfection; 3. the bait is strictly disinfected when fed, the quality is ensured, and the feeding amount is controlled; 4. the feeding method comprises the steps of timing and quantifying, opening by rotifers, transiting by the fairy shrimp and the chironomus larvae, and finally feeding the feed and the chironomus larvae.
The Glyptosternum maculatum Regan opening seedling is small, the rotifer opening can ensure that the opening is relatively neat, and meanwhile, the water body turbidity and water quality pollution caused by yolk opening are avoided; the method is characterized in that the growth of fish bodies is changed into palatable fairy shrimp, the fairy shrimp is widely used as a prawn opening feed, but the fairy shrimp is still a small amount of shrimp opening feed in the growth process, so that chironomus larvae and feed are added for ensuring the nutritional requirements and subsequent large-scale culture after the shrimp opening is fully performed.
The invention selects well water as a water source, ensures the water source to be clean, takes prevention as a main part, and avoids fish body diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria brought in by the water source in the culture process. Ensures that water sources, tools and baits are clean, and avoids the death caused by stress generated by fish drug treatment. The method selects female chironomus larvae, avoids the insect skin thickness of the male chironomus larvae, is not easy to digest, and can ensure the nutritional requirement of Glyptophan maculatum Regans.
The method for cultivating the juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regn has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low cost, good quality of domesticated fries and the like, breaks through the bottleneck of cultivating the juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regn, and is used for cultivating the juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regn from flatly-swimming non-open fries (about 20 days old) to 19 months old, the survival rate is more than 80 percent, and the juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regn is the fry recorded with the longest survival rate reported so far. The method effectively solves the problem that all fry die due to the discomfort of baits, feeding methods, environments and the like in the domestication and cultivation process of the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan fries, and simultaneously provides reference for the cultivation of other Glyptosternum maculatum Regan fries.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph showing the measurement of the length of 19-month-old glyptosternum maculatum in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a weight scale diagram of 19 months old Glyptosternum maculatum Regans in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
Example 1
An artificial culture method of juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans comprises the following steps:
first, the disinfection of the culture tool and the parallel groove
(1) Types of tools used daily: dense square small net, brush, scouring pad;
(2) the breeding tool disinfection method comprises the following steps: the tools are sterilized once every half month, the tools are soaked and sterilized for 2 hours by povidone iodine solution, and then the tools are cleaned for 7 to 8 times by clear water to thoroughly remove the toolsAfter the drug residue is removed, the medicine can be used; wherein the usage amount of the povidone iodine solution is 1m3375mg of povidone iodine solution in water;
(3) the disinfection method of the parallel groove comprises the following steps: soaking and disinfecting with povidone iodine solution for 24h, cleaning with clear water for 5 times after disinfection, soaking with clear water for 24h, and cleaning for 5 times to ensure no drug residue; wherein the usage amount of povidone iodine solution is 1m3375mg of povidone iodine solution is taken as a water body, and the length of the parallel groove is 3.0m, the width is 0.45m and the height is 0.27 m.
Second, daily management
(1) Stocking density: 1500 pieces of non-opening seed (20 days old) of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan are placed in 1 flat tank, water level is 18cm, and cultured to 19 months old;
(2) the cleaning method comprises the following steps: fishing out the residual bait by using a dense-hole square small net after each feeding, and slowly changing water; thoroughly cleaning the walls of the parallel tanks by using a brush and scouring pad every morning, wherein the fish bodies cannot be touched during cleaning, and slowly changing water after cleaning; when water is changed, the water control pipe of the parallel groove is pulled out, water in the parallel groove is slowly discharged to the water depth of 6cm, and then clear water is injected again;
(3) water temperature: keeping the water temperature at 8-15 ℃ to avoid sudden temperature rise or sudden temperature drop;
(4) and (3) disease prevention and treatment: the water source is kept clean, a pollution-free water source or well water is selected, advance prevention is achieved, and death caused by stress generated by fish drug treatment in the culture process is avoided;
if the fish body is sick, such as abnormal swimming, emaciation, independent swimming from a group and the like, the interference is avoided, the fish is fed for 1 time 5:00 as early as each day without any medicine to sterilize the fish body and the parallel groove, and the fish body is fed normally after being slowly recovered;
(5) shielding: the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is favored to hide under shields such as stones, three cobblestones with the diameter of 15-20 cm are placed in each parallel groove, the surface of a stone is smooth, and the bottom of the stone is made of stainless steel to form a support with the diameter of 8cm, so that the skin of a fish body is prevented from being scratched when the fish body hides; the upper parts of the parallel grooves are covered by a baffle plate, so that light is prevented from being taken in;
(6) the environmental requirements are as follows: keep quiet and avoid noise interference.
Third, bait
(1) Rotifers: freezing rotifer, cleaning with clear water for 5 times, and feeding.
(2) Fairy shrimp: the fairy shrimp needs to be hatched for 24 hours, and is hatched and fed at present.
10g NaHCO was added to 2L of water at 28 deg.C322g of to-be-shelled artemia cysts and 33g of sodium chloride are continuously aerated and stirred, the temperature is kept at 28 ℃, the eggs are incubated for 24 hours, after the orange-colored artemia cysts are hatched out, aeration is stopped, the orange-colored artemia cysts sink to the lower part, coffee-colored artemia cysts are lighter to float on the upper part, the artemia cysts on the lower part are collected, the mixing of the artemia cysts is avoided as much as possible, 100-mesh bolting silk is used for collecting the artemia cysts, the artemia cysts are washed in clear water for 5 times, and substances such as residual salt and the like are removed for standby.
(3) Chironomid larva: the female chironomus larvas are soft and fine in body shape and are relatively uniform in color from head to tail. The male chironomus larvas have shorter and thicker bodies, are stronger and stronger than the female chironomus, and have black heads and bright red contrast with bodies. Therefore, the male chironomus larvae are thicker than the female chironomus larvae and are not easy to digest. The application selects female chironomus larvae with the body length of 20-30 mm; after chironomidae larvae are purchased, 2% sodium chloride is used for analyzing pure or iodine-free edible salt for disinfection for 20min, dead insects are removed, the larvae are placed in clear water for cleaning for 5 times, residues are removed, the larvae are subpackaged into small parts and then are frozen and stored at the temperature of minus 20 ℃, and each small part is the dosage of Glyptosternum maculatum.
(4) Feed: rainbow trout juvenile fish feed can be used, in this example Earford EX GR feed (manufacturer: Earvyikawa, Oldham), particle size specification: 0.5-0.8 mm.
Fourth, feeding method
(1) A rotifer stage: feeding rotifer after three parts of two glyptosternum maculatum fries are in level swimming (about 20 days old), feeding rotifer after every 1500 days old, keeping the water level at 18cm, feeding rotifer 3 times a day for 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 of each day; feeding 15g of rotifers in each horizontal groove, and uniformly sprinkling the rotifers in the horizontal grooves; after feeding for 1h, cleaning residual bait, and feeding for 5d to 25 days; (2) and (3) a combined feeding stage of rotifers and fairy worms: after the larvae are 25 days old, feeding the rotifers and the fairy shrimps for 20 days to 45 days old in a combined manner; wherein, when the adult is 26-35 days old, the fairy shrimp is fed at 5:00 per day, and the rotifers are fed at 10:00 and 16:00 per day; feeding the fairy shrimp at 5:00 and 10:00 times a day and feeding the rotifers at 16:00 times a day when the fairy shrimp is 36-45 days old; 15g of the bait is fed into one flat groove every time, and the residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding.
(3) And (3) a fairy shrimp stage: only feeding the fairy shrimp after the age of 45 days, and feeding the fairy shrimp for 15-60 days; wherein the fairy shrimp are fed at 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 days every day when the fairy shrimp are 46-60 days old, 15g of fairy shrimp are fed in one flat groove every time, and residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding.
(4) Fairy shrimp and chopped chironomid larva stage: adding cut chironomus larvas after the larvae are 60 days old, and feeding for 30 days to 90 days old; wherein when the larvae are 61-75 days old, the chopped chironomus larvae are fed at 5:00 and the fairy shrimp larvae are fed at 10:00 and 16:00 every day; feeding chopped chironomus larvae at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding fairy worms at 16:00 when the chironomus larvae are 76-90 days old; 15g of the bait is fed into one flat-row groove each time, and the residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding. Wherein the average total length of 3-month-old seedlings is 18.71 +/-2.56 mm, the average weight of the 3-month-old seedlings is 0.11 +/-0.04 g, and the survival rate is 95.65 percent.
(5) Chironomid larva stage: after the larvae are aged for 90 days, adding whole chironomus larvae, and feeding for 45-135 days; wherein, when the larvae are 91-105 days old, chironomus larvas are added and fed with the chironomus larvas at 5:00 per day, and the chopped chironomus larvas are fed at 10:00 and 16:00 per day; feeding chironomus larvas as a whole insect and chopped chironomus larvas at the ratio of 5:00 and 10:00 every day when the chironomus larvas are 106-120 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning the residual bait after feeding for 1 hour; feeding the larval whole chironomus at 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 days of age of 121-135; 15g of the bait is fed into one flat-row groove each time, and the residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding. Wherein the average total length of 4-month-old seedlings is 22.72 +/-3.76 mm, the average weight of the 4-month-old seedlings is 0.20 +/-0.07 g, and the survival rate is 91.24%.
(6) Chironomid larva and feed stage: adding feed after 135 days old; feeding feed at 5:00 and feeding chironomus larvas at 10:00 and 16:00 every day when the larvae are 136-165 days old; feeding feed at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding the chironomus larvas as whole insects at 16:00 when the larvae are 166-200 days old; 15g of feed and 15g of chironomus larvae are fed into one flat groove each time, and residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding; after 200 days of age, 5:00 feeds are fed every day, and 16:00 feeds the whole chironomid larvae; 20g of feed and 20g of chironomus larvae are fed into one flat groove each time, and residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding. Wherein the total length of 7-month-old seedlings is 35.69 +/-4.25 mm on average, the weight is 0.48 +/-0.09 g on average, and the survival rate is 88.87%.
As shown in fig. 1 for the full length measurement of glyptosternum maculatum of 19 months of age, and fig. 2 for the weight weighing of glyptosternum maculatum of 19 months of age.
As shown in the following table 1, when the Glyptosternum maculatum Regan seedlings cultivated by the method of the present invention are 19 months old, the average total length is 61.47 + -6.39 mm, the average body weight can reach 2.64 + -0.59 g, and the survival rate can reach 80.98% (wherein, the survival rate is that the survival seedlings/open seedlings in the horizontal trip is multiplied by 100%).
TABLE 1 Total Length, body weight and survival Rate of Glyptophan maculatum of different month ages
| Age of 3 months | 4 months old | Age of 7 months | Age of 10 months | Age of 13 months | 19 months old | |
| Full length/mm | 18.71±2.56 | 22.72±3.76 | 35.69±4.25 | 44.46±4.98 | 48.03±5.87 | 61.47±6.39 |
| Body weight/g | 0.11±0.04 | 0.20±0.07 | 0.48±0.09 | 1.24±0.29 | 1.96±0.34 | 2.64±0.59 |
| Survival rate/% | 95.65％ | 91.24％ | 88.87％ | 85.64％ | 83.45％ | 80.98％ |
Claims (9)
1. An artificial culture method of juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is characterized by comprising the following aspects:
(1) sterilizing culture tools and the parallel tanks;
(2) paying attention to stocking density, daily cleaning, water temperature and disease prevention and treatment;
(3) bait is fed by selecting and feeding rotifers, fairy worms, chironomus larvae and feed in a combined mode in stages;
(4) the specific feeding method is carried out according to the following stages
A rotifer stage: feeding rotifers at the age of 20 days, feeding two thirds of Glyptosternum maculatum fries in a flat trip for 3 times a day, wherein the feeding time is 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 every day; feeding 15g of rotifers in each horizontal groove, and uniformly sprinkling the rotifers in the horizontal grooves; after feeding for 1h, cleaning residual bait, and feeding for 5d to 25 days;
secondly, feeding the rotifers and the fairy shrimps in a combined mode: after the larvae are 25 days old, feeding the rotifers and the fairy worms in a combined manner for 20 days to 45 days old; wherein when the adult is 26-35 days old, 5:00 fairy shrimp are fed every day, and 10:00 and 16:00 rotifers are fed every day; feeding the fairy shrimp at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding the rotifers at 16:00 days when the fairy shrimp are 36-45 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning the residual bait after feeding for 1 hour;
③ fairy shrimp stage: feeding the fairy shrimp only after the age of 45 days, and feeding the fairy shrimp for 15 days to 60 days; wherein, when the adult beetles are 46-60 days old, the adult beetles are fed at 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 every day, 15g of the adult beetles are fed in one flat groove every time, and the residual bait is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding;
and fourthly, the stage of the fairy shrimp and the chopped chironomid larva: adding cut chironomus larvas after the larvae are 60 days old, and feeding for 30 days to 90 days old; wherein when the larvae are 61-75 days old, the chopped chironomus larvae are fed at 5:00 and the fairy shrimp larvae are fed at 10:00 and 16:00 every day; feeding chopped chironomus larvae at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding fairy shrimp larvae at 16:00 days when the larvae are 76-90 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning residual bait after feeding for 1 hour;
fifthly, chironomid larva stage: after 90 days of age, adding chironomus larvas into the mixture, and feeding the mixture for 45-135 days of age; wherein, when the adult is 91-105 days old, 5:00 of chironomus larvas are fed with whole chironomus larvae every day, and 10:00 and 16:00 of chironomus larvas are fed with minced chironomus larvae every day; feeding chironomus larvas as a whole insect and chopped chironomus larvas at the ratio of 5:00 and 10:00 every day when the chironomus larvas are 106-120 days old; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning the residual bait after feeding for 1 hour; feeding the chironomus larvas into the larvae of the chironomus at the age of 121-135 days at 5:00, 10:00 and 16:00 days; feeding 15g of the bait in one flat groove each time, and cleaning the residual bait after feeding for 1 hour;
sixthly, the larval and feed stage of the chironomus: adding feed after 135 days; feeding feed at 5:00 and feeding chironomus larvas at 10:00 and 16:00 every day when the larvae are 136-165 days old; feeding feed at 5:00 and 10:00 days and feeding chironomus larvas at 16:00 for whole larvae at 166-200 days old; 15g of feed and 15g of chironomus larvae are fed into one flat groove every time, and residual feed is cleaned after 1 hour of feeding; after 200 days of age, 5:00 feeds are fed every day, and 16:00 feeds the whole chironomid larvae; 20g of feed and 20g of chironomus larvae are fed into one flat groove each time, and residual feed is cleared after 1 hour of feeding.
2. The artificial culture method of kistanchis maculatus larvae according to claim 1, wherein the specific disinfection method of the culture tools and the flat tank is as follows:
the types of culture tools are as follows: dense square small net, brush, scouring pad;
② a method for sterilizing culture tools: disinfecting the culture tool once every half month, soaking and disinfecting the culture tool for 2 hours by using a povidone iodine solution, then cleaning the culture tool for 7-8 times by using clear water, and completely removing medicine residues for use; wherein the usage amount of povidone iodine solution is 1m3The water body contains 375mg of povidone iodine solution;
the disinfection method of the parallel groove comprises the following steps: soaking and disinfecting with povidone iodine solution for 24h, cleaning with clear water for 5 times after disinfection, soaking with clear water for 24h, and cleaning for 5 times to ensure no drug residue; wherein the usage amount of the povidone iodine solution is 1m3375mg povidone iodine solution in water.
3. The method for artificially culturing a juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to claim 1, wherein the stocking density is: each flat groove is used for stocking Glyptosternum maculatum fries of 15-20 days old not more than 1500 tails, the length of the used flat groove is 3.0m, the width of the used flat groove is 0.45m, the height of the used flat groove is 0.27m, the water level is 18cm, the water temperature is kept at 8-15 ℃, sudden temperature rise or sudden temperature drop is avoided, and pond separation is avoided in the breeding process.
4. The artificial culture method of kistanchis maculatus juvenile fish according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific method of daily cleaning is: fishing out the residual bait by using a dense-hole square small net after each feeding, and slowly changing water; thoroughly cleaning the walls of the parallel tanks by using a brush and scouring pad before feeding in the morning every day, wherein the fish bodies cannot be touched during cleaning, and slowly changing water after cleaning; when water is changed, the water control pipe of the flat groove is pulled out, and after the water in the flat groove is slowly discharged to the water depth of 6cm, clear water is injected again.
5. The artificial culture method of a juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to claim 1, wherein the disease control method comprises: the water source is kept clean, a pollution-free water source or well water is selected, advance prevention is achieved, and death caused by stress generated by fish drug treatment in the culture process is avoided; if the fish body is sick, the interference is avoided, the fish is fed for 1 time 5:00 earlier every day without sterilizing the fish body and the parallel grooves by any medicine, and the normal feeding is resumed after the fish body is slowly recovered.
6. The artificial culture method of Glyptosternum maculatum juvenile fish according to claim 3, characterized in that the flat tank is also placed with a shelter, and the specific method for placing the shelter is as follows: three cobblestones with the diameter of 15-20 cm are placed in each flat groove; the surface of the stone is smooth, and the bottom of the stone is made of stainless steel to form a support of 8cm, so that the skin of the fish body is prevented from being scratched when the fish body avoids the fish body; the upper parts of the parallel grooves are covered by a baffle plate, so that light is prevented from being taken in; the environment is required to be quiet and avoid noise interference.
7. The method for artificially culturing a juvenile Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to claim 1, wherein the rotifer in the bait is a frozen rotifer which is washed with clear water for 5 times and then fed.
8. The method for artificially culturing Glyptosternum maculatum Regan juvenile fish according to claim 1, wherein the food contains fairy shrimp which needs to be incubated for 24h and fed after incubation; the specific hatching method comprises the following steps: 10g NaHCO was added to 2L of water at 28 deg.C322g of to-be-shelled artemia cysts and 33g of sodium chloride are continuously aerated and stirred, the water temperature is kept at 28 ℃, the eggs are incubated for 24 hours, after the orange-colored artemia cysts are hatched, aeration is stopped, the orange-colored artemia cysts sink to the lower part, the artemia cysts float to the upper part, the artemia cysts at the lower part are collected, the mixing of the artemia cysts is avoided, 100-mesh bolting silk is used for collecting the artemia cysts, the artemia cysts are washed in clear water for 5 times, and residues are removed for later use.
9. The artificial culture method of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan juvenile fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Chironomum maculatum larvae in the bait is female Chironomum larvae with body length of 20-30 mm; after chironomid larvae are purchased, 2% sodium chloride is firstly used for analyzing pure or iodine-free edible salt for disinfection for 20min, dead insects are removed, the larvae are then put into clear water for cleaning for 5 times, residual salt is removed, and the larvae are subpackaged and frozen and stored at the temperature of minus 20 ℃.
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