CN105900886B - A method of utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room - Google Patents
A method of utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room Download PDFInfo
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- CN105900886B CN105900886B CN201610335223.2A CN201610335223A CN105900886B CN 105900886 B CN105900886 B CN 105900886B CN 201610335223 A CN201610335223 A CN 201610335223A CN 105900886 B CN105900886 B CN 105900886B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of using the method for breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room, comprises the steps of: 1) Juvenile stage and reinforced cultivating；2) natural spawning and hatching management；3) fry rearing.The present invention keeps breeding whole more visible controllable, the breedings condition such as water temperature, water quality, dissolved oxygen all tends towards stability by the breeding of development Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry indoors；According to the bait demand of Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry different developmental phases, fry is precisely cultivated in cement pit using biological feed, on the one hand demand of the fry to food species is ensured, on the other hand, because being that small size pond is cultivated, so that the bait fed is easy to ingest, to substantially increase the utilization efficiency of bait, the cultivating survival rate that fry finally not only can be improved, can also save seedling cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic livestock raising technology fields, and in particular to a kind of to utilize breeding strain line point in biological feed room
The method of sleeper fry.
Background technique
Oxyeleotris lineolatus (Oxyeleotris lineolatus), English name sleepy cod is under the jurisdiction of perch shape in classification
Mesh (Perciformes), goby suborder (Gobioidei), Eleotridae (Eleotridae), Oxyeleotris
(Oxyeleotris).It is known as sleeping cod in Australia；It is known as Australia bamboo shoot shell fish in Chinese Hong Kong and Macao, In Guangdong Province.Strain line point
Sleeper originates in Australia, and suitable water temperature range is 15-35 DEG C, and 15 DEG C or less energies obviously weaken, and semilethal low temperature is low
8.5 DEG C are limited to, usually water plant and flat water is distributed in sluggishly, is fond of small fish, shrimp etc..The meat quality of fish is delicate, taste
It is delicious, it is deep to be welcome by domestic consumer.China starts to introduce the fish in last century the nineties, and is raised and train in pond, is numerous
It grows and tentatively succeeds.But it introduces China's time because of the kind not grow, and newly hatched larvae individual is smaller, only 2.875mm, early period
Prelarva includes mixotrophism alevin stage, and the time is short, only 5d or so, belongs to the relatively early fish for setting up exogenous nutrition feeding mechanism
Class, therefore rearing of fingerling is also very immature compared to other Common Fishs.It has been observed that Oxyeleotris lineolatus is from endogenous nutrition
It is excessively interim to exogenous nutrition, it is limited after all although energy can be provided by the oily ball in yolk bag, hatch second day
Some individuals can initial feeding, hatching third day just enters 3 days of short duration mixotrophism phases, and hatching has switched to pure outer on the 5th day
The nutrition of source property.Natural water body or man-made pond(pool) can not all provide prelarva fully sufficient open-mouthed bait, thus early period occur
Prelarva largely dies young；Secondly as prelarva individual is small, keep away that enemy's ability is poor, is easily taken the photograph as Copepods in water body, cladocera
Object is eaten, these all considerably increase the seed rearing difficulty of the fish, reduce its cultivating survival rate.
Currently, the seed rearing majority of Oxyeleotris lineolatus still takes traditional Tu Chi to cultivate mode.Due to being outdoor training
It supports, this seedling raising manners are highly prone to the influence of the environmental factors such as weather, water temperature, in addition can not provide for the fry in each stage
Sufficient agreeable to the taste bait, leading to the cultivating survival rate of fry is only 15-20%.The present invention is directed to the biologies according to Oxyeleotris lineolatus
Characteristic is learned, in its mating period, carries out artificial propagation and seed rearing in warm water mud sump, utilizes freshwater microalgae and freshwater rotifer
Equal biological feeds precisely provide the bait in Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry growth each stage, to greatly improve seed rearing survival rate.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of utilize in biological feed room to breed line
The method of line Oxyeleotris marmoratus fry.
The present invention is realized by the following technical programs:
A kind of method utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room, it is characterised in that by following step
Rapid composition:
1) Juvenile stage and reinforced cultivating
Northern Zhejiang area select mid-June vigor is good, squamation is complete, whose body weight about 400-500g female milter as
Parent is that 1:1 is put in a suitable place to breed in cement pit according to sex ration, and breeding density is 1 tail/m2, depth of water 60cm, water is warp in cement pit
The clarification pond water of 120 mesh silk cover filterings, water temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and Roots blower and gas exhausting stone are uninterruptedly inflated；Parent
The fish nurturing period feeds the fresh chilled flesh of fish and freshwater shrimp as bait, and the mode that feeds of the chilled flesh of fish is that the flesh of fish is cut into meat
Then fourth is fed, the mode that feeds of freshwater shrimp is that living body is fed to cement pit after light salt brine sterilizes, and total feeding volume is about parent's body
The 5-8% of weight, while every 2-3 days, displacement 1/3, to stimulate parent population gonad development primary to cement pit progress water injection；
2) natural spawning and hatching management
Into after mating period, female milter carries out nature pairing in cement pit, mutually chases, lays eggs, and produced ovum is viscous
It invests on cement pit pool wall, after oviposition, milter is kept by fertilized eggs alone, swings pectoral fin and tail fin frequently, promotes fertilization
Water flow by ovum generates fine motion, to guarantee that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen on fertilized eggs periphery；When cement pit has 1-2 piece fertilized eggs,
Other female milters can be pulled out to put to other cement pits continue to cultivate, enable in the case where letting alone shield ovum milter as far as possible
Its natural spawning, due to raun can more batches of ovipositions, therefore postpartum raun is pulled out together, to improve the utilization rate of parent；
During incubating oosperm, uninterrupted inflation is kept, while feeding 4-5 ice cube fresh fish to every tail shield ovum milter daily
Fourth, to guarantee its nutrition and physical strength；Under conditions of 25-28 DEG C of water temperature, through 2.5-3d, prelarva is gradually hatched, complete to fertilized eggs
After portion's incubation of membrane, shield ovum milter is gone into new cement pit；It can be significantly due to there is milter to protect ovum using such hatching pattern
The hatching rate of fertilized eggs is improved, hatching rate is up to 95% or more；
3) fry rearing
After incubation of membrane 2d, the yolk bag of prelarva is absorbed substantially to be finished, and beginning level moves about and looks for food, and can carry out fish
Seedling is cultivated；Cultivation carries out in raw water mud sump, can reduce the damage that manual operation generates fry, is open from fry long to overall length
To 2-3cm, successively use microalgae and freshwater rotifer, fairy shrimp, cladocera and Copepods, big artemia and fish meat emulsion or flesh of fish fourth as
Bait is cultivated, and specific cultivation and management method are as follows:
First stage: 3d-10d selects microalgae and freshwater rotifer to make since the opening bore of prelarva only has 200-300 μm
For the open-mouthed bait of fry, this is also the most key bait of the fry rearing, and it is 0.2-0.5*10 that microalgae, which feeds density,6ind/
Ml, it is that 8-10ind/ml is fed 2-3 times daily in this stage that freshwater rotifer, which feeds density, remains microalgae and freshwater rotifer
Feed density；The open-mouthed bait of Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry can be well solved with such method, the cultivation in this stage survives
Rate can reach 95% or more；
Second stage: the open-mouthed bait problem of 11d-20d, this stage major part fry have solved, and can gradually decrease fresh water
Feeding for wheel animalcule, starts simultaneously at and feeds fairy shrimp；After this stage, fry can grow to 1.0cm or so；
Phase III: 20d-30d, this stage start to feed fished for from pond through 80 mesh samples sieve filtered cladocera and
Copepods, bait feeding density are 3-5ind/ml, feed 2-3 times daily, bait is made to remain at this range；This stage
After, fry can grow to 2.0cm or so；
Fourth stage: fry is carried out point supporting, is divided to by an original cement pit and is supported to two water by 30d-50d, this stage
Mud sump, point feeding rear density is about 80 tails/m2；In terms of bait feeding, the feeding volume of cladocera and Copepods is reduced, and starts to feed
The chilled flesh of fish meat gruel shredded by hand, partial size < 1.0mm flick the water surface with finger before feeding every time, are tamed, and then will
Meat gruel gradually invests the fry before being concentrated to body；With gradually growing up for fry, the partial size of fish meat emulsion is become larger to 2-
3mm, and can start to feed the big artemia of frost as bait, feeding volume are subject to fry and have enough and gradually scatter, and feed 2 daily
It is secondary.
A kind of method utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room, it is characterised in that in step 1)
A length of 6m of the cement pit, width 2m；The specification of freshwater shrimp be 1800-2000 tail/kilogram, the specifications of meat cubelets is that length, width and height are each
For 0.5cm, the salinity of the light salt brine is 2-3%, and the weight ratio of the chilled flesh of fish and freshwater shrimp that feed is 3:1.
A kind of method utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room, it is characterised in that in step 3)
Microalgae be one of chlorella, scenedesmus or chlamydomonas or more than one.
A kind of method utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room, it is characterised in that in step 3)
Freshwater rotifer be one of Brachionus calyciflorus, brachionus plicatilis and Branchionus urceus or more than one.
It is described a kind of to utilize the method that Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry is bred in biological feed room, it is characterised in that step 3) the
The feeding volume of two-stage freshwater rotifer is 5-8ind/ml to feed density in 11d, is then gradually decreased, 12-14d is fed
Density is 3-6ind/ml, and it is 1-3ind/ml that 15-19d, which feeds density, feeds freshwater rotifer to 20d stopping；Fairy shrimp exists
It is 1ind/ml that density is fed when 11d, is then gradually increased, and it is 2-3ind/ml, 15- that 12-14d feeds density daily
It is 3-4ind/ml that 19d feeds density daily, until it is 5ind/ml that fairy shrimp, which feeds density, when 20d.
It is described a kind of to utilize the method that Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry is bred in biological feed room, it is characterised in that step 3) the
The density that feeds of four stage cladoceras and Copepods is 0.5ind/ml.
It is described a kind of to utilize the method that Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry is bred in biological feed room, it is characterised in that step 3) the
Four stages installed a 100w incandescent lamp above cement pit, generated midge for attracting to lay eggs and hatch in midge to cement pit
Bait of the larva as fry.By the cultivation of fourth stage, fry be may be sold or be put in a suitable place to breed to pond up to 3cm or so
The pool starts large size fingerling cultivation and adult fish culture, and fry rearing survival rate is up to 85% or more.
The present invention keeps breeding whole more visible controllable by the breeding of development Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry indoors, water temperature,
The breedings condition such as water quality, dissolved oxygen all tends towards stability；According to the bait demand of Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry different developmental phases, utilize
Biological feed precisely cultivates fry in cement pit, on the one hand ensures demand of the fry to food species, another party
Face, because being that small size pond is cultivated, so that the bait fed is easy to ingest, to substantially increase the utilization efficiency of bait, finally
The cultivating survival rate of fry not only can be improved, can also save seedling cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is different days Oxyeleotris lineolatus fish overall length change curve in cultivating process in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is that male parent protects ovum figure；
Fig. 3 is that the fry of rigid membrane is schemed；
Fig. 4 is the fry figure of successfully opening；
Fig. 5 is to cultivate to the Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry of 2cm to scheme；
Specific embodiment
By following specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
With one of 12m in 20122For cement pit, after oviposition is a piece of in the cement pit on July 2, ovum amount is smaller, benefit
Shield egg hatching is carried out with milter, and by other parent transfers to other cement pits.Under conditions of 29 DEG C of water temperature, fertilization on July 5
Ovum starts incubation of membrane, and July 6, whole membranes, started to carry out fry rearing with that will protect ovum milter and also remove the pond.According to this
Breeding method in patent is successively big with microalgae, freshwater rotifer, fairy shrimp, cladocera, Copepods, fish meat emulsion (fourth) and frost
Artemia is cultivated for bait, until August 16th, successful incubation goes out 9100 tail of Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry of 3cm or so, and cultivation survives
Rate is about 70%.
Wherein, different days Oxyeleotris lineolatus fish overall length change curve is as shown in Figure 1 in cultivating process；Male parent's shield
Ovum is as shown in Figure 2；The fry of rigid membrane is as shown in Figure 3；The fry that success is open is as shown in Figure 4；It cultivates to the strain line point pool of 2cm
Murrel fry is as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 2
With one of 12m in 20132For cement pit, the breeding of Oxyeleotris lineolatus, training are carried out with same method
Bring out about 20,000 tail of 1cm Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry, cultivating survival rate about 95%, Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry about 1.8 ten thousand when cultivating to 3cm
Tail, cultivating survival rate about 85%.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of utilize the method for breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
1) Juvenile stage and reinforced cultivating
Select mid-June that vigor is good, squamation is complete, whose body weight 400-500g female milter is as parent in Northern Zhejiang area,
It is that 1:1 is put in a suitable place to breed in cement pit according to sex ration, breeding density is 1 tail/m2, depth of water 60cm, water is through 120 mesh in cement pit
The clarification pond water of silk cover filtering, water temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and is uninterruptedly inflated with Roots blower and gas exhausting stone；Parent population
Nurturing period feeds the fresh chilled flesh of fish and freshwater shrimp as bait, and the mode that feeds of the chilled flesh of fish is that the flesh of fish is cut into meat cubelets
Then it feeds, the mode that feeds of freshwater shrimp is that living body is fed to cement pit after light salt brine sterilizes, and total feeding volume is parent's weight
5-8%, while every 2-3 days, displacement 1/3, to stimulate parent population gonad development primary to cement pit progress water injection；
2) natural spawning and hatching management
Into after mating period, female milter carries out nature pairing in cement pit, mutually chases, lays eggs, and produced ovum is adhered to
On cement pit pool wall, after oviposition, milter is kept by fertilized eggs alone, swings pectoral fin and tail fin frequently, is promoted by fertilized eggs
Water flow generate fine motion, to guarantee that there is sufficient dissolved oxygen on fertilized eggs periphery；When cement pit has 1-2 piece fertilized eggs, not
In the case where startling shield ovum milter, other female milters are pulled out to put to other cement pits continues to cultivate and enable it to produce naturally
Ovum；
During incubating oosperm, uninterrupted inflation is kept, while feeding 4-5 ice cube fresh fish meat cubelets to every tail shield ovum milter daily,
To guarantee its nutrition and physical strength；Under conditions of 25-28 DEG C of water temperature, through 2.5-3d, prelarva is gradually hatched, and is all incubated to fertilized eggs
After dissolving film, shield ovum milter is gone into new cement pit；
3) fry rearing
After incubation of membrane 2d, the yolk bag of prelarva is absorbed substantially to be finished, and beginning level moves about and looks for food, i.e. progress fry training
It educates；
Cultivation carries out in raw water mud sump, long to 2-3cm from fry opening to overall length, successively uses microalgae and freshwater rotifer, good year
Worm, cladocera and Copepods, big artemia and fish meat emulsion are cultivated as bait, and specific cultivation and management method are as follows:
First stage: 3d-10d selects microalgae and freshwater rotifer as fish since the opening bore of prelarva only has 200-300 μm
The open-mouthed bait of seedling, it is 0.2-0.5*10 that microalgae, which feeds density,6Ind/ml, it is 8-10ind/ml that freshwater rotifer, which feeds density, often
It feeds 2-3 times, and remain microalgae and freshwater rotifer feeds density；
Second stage: the open-mouthed bait problem of 11d-20d, this stage major part fry have solved, and gradually decrease freshwater rotifer
It feeds, starts simultaneously at and feed fairy shrimp；
Phase III: 20d-30d, this stage start to feed fished for from pond sieve filtered cladocera and oar foot through 80 mesh samples
Class, bait feeding density are 3-5ind/ml, feed 2-3 times daily, bait is made to remain at this range；
Fourth stage: fry is carried out point supporting, is divided to by an original cement pit and is supported to two cement by 30d-50d, this stage
Pond, point feeding rear density is about 80 tails/m2；In terms of bait feeding, the feeding volume of cladocera and Copepods is reduced, and starts to feed hand
The chilled flesh of fish meat gruel of work chopping, partial size < 1.0mm flick the water surface with finger before feeding every time, are tamed, then by meat
The fry before being concentrated to body is gradually invested in gruel；With gradually growing up for fry, the partial size of fish meat emulsion is become larger to 2-3mm,
And can start to feed the big artemia of frost as bait, feeding volume is subject to fry and has enough and gradually scatter, and feeds daily 2 times.
2. a kind of method for utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room according to claim 1, feature
It is a length of 6m of cement pit described in step 1), width 2m；The specification of freshwater shrimp be 1800-2000 tail/kilogram, the rule of meat cubelets
Lattice are that length, width and height are respectively 0.5cm, and the salinity of the light salt brine is 2-3%, and the weight ratio of the chilled flesh of fish and freshwater shrimp that feed is 3:1.
3. a kind of method for utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room according to claim 1, feature
It is that the microalgae in step 3) is one or more of chlorella, scenedesmus or chlamydomonas.
4. a kind of method for utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room according to claim 1, feature
Be in step 3) freshwater rotifer be one or both of Brachionus calyciflorus, brachionus plicatilis and Branchionus urceus with
On.
5. a kind of method for utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room according to claim 1, feature
The feeding volume for being step 3) second stage freshwater rotifer is that feed density in 11d be 5-8ind/ml, is then gradually decreased,
It is 3-6ind/ml that 12-14d, which feeds density, and it is 1-3ind/ml that 15-19d, which feeds density, feeds fresh water wheel to 20d stopping
Worm；It is 1ind/ml that fairy shrimp, which feeds density in 11d, is then gradually increased, and it is 2- that 12-14d feeds density daily
It is 3-4ind/ml that 3ind/ml, 15-19d feed density daily, until it is 5ind/ml that fairy shrimp, which feeds density, when 20d.
6. a kind of method for utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room according to claim 1, feature
The density that feeds for being step 3) fourth stage cladocera and Copepods is 0.5ind/ml.
7. a kind of method for utilizing breeding Oxyeleotris lineolatus fry in biological feed room according to claim 1, feature
Be that step 3) fourth stage installs a 100w incandescent lamp above cement pit, for attract in midge to cement pit oviposition and
Hatching generates bait of the chironomus larvas as fry.
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