CN111449006A - Artificial domestication method of wild parent fishes of Glyptosternum maculatum - Google Patents
Artificial domestication method of wild parent fishes of Glyptosternum maculatum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111449006A CN111449006A CN202010328790.1A CN202010328790A CN111449006A CN 111449006 A CN111449006 A CN 111449006A CN 202010328790 A CN202010328790 A CN 202010328790A CN 111449006 A CN111449006 A CN 111449006A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
An artificial domestication method of wild parent fishes of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture. Selecting wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum; preparing a domestication pond; domesticating the parent fish; feeding paste bait; on the same day of fishing and transportation, the parent fish fed with the slurry bait by adopting an artificial oral feeding method is placed in a domestication pond after transportation; feeding slurry bait and live loaches; live loaches are adopted to gradually replace pulpy bait for feeding, and the replacement method comprises the following steps: feeding the pasty bait and the live loaches for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 2:1 every day, and feeding the feed three times every day; then, feeding the pasty bait and the live loaches for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 1:2 every day, and feeding the feed three times every day; then only feeding live loaches for 4-5 days, and feeding three times every day; a live loach feeding stage; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait and the live loaches, continuously feeding all live loaches as the baits; feeding twice a day. The invention is used for artificial domestication of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans.
Background
Glyptosternum maculatum (Glyptosternum maculatum) belongs to Glyptosternum of Glyptosternum family, Glyptosternum genus, commonly known as Pakri and Lassa catfish, is a special fish in middle and upstream of Burgung of Yalu Tibetan, and has a unique biological evolution mechanism suitable for plateau water areas. The Glyptosternum maculatum Regan has tender meat, delicious taste and few muscle thorns, has certain medicinal value and is deeply loved and advocated by people in the Tibetan region. Currently, the sale price in the pizza market is as high as 1700-2600 RMB/kg. In recent years, under the influence of over-fishing, hydraulic engineering, environmental pollution, habitat change and the like, the population resource quantity of Glyptosternum maculatum is continuously reduced, the fishing quantity cannot be formed, and 56 extremely-dangerous (CR) fish records of China biodiversity Red records-vertebrate rolls are listed in 2015. The Glyptosternum maculatum Regans has a simple skin structure, is very easy to rapidly die due to saprolegniasis infected by skin breakage in the process of fishing and transportation, has a death rate of over 95 percent, and greatly limits the artificial protection and utilization of the wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans. Therefore, the development of artificial domestication and utilization protection research on wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum is of great significance for recovering the natural resource amount. To date, there have been few reports of studies on artificial domestication of wild parent fish of Glyptosternum maculatum, especially on the field of wild parent fish domestication.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an artificial domestication and cultivation method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, which is simple and convenient to operate, effectively improves the artificial domestication survival rate (more than 85%) of the wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans, and lays a solid foundation for the development of artificial propagation release and protection and utilization of the wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an artificial domestication method of wild parent fishes of Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum; selecting high-quality wild Glyptosternum maculatum kiss fish with body mass of more than 40g, body length of more than 14cm, no damage to body surface, and good health and vitality;
preparing a domestication pond, wherein the water quality of the domestication pond is required to be mountain stream flowing water or underground water, the water temperature is 12-14 ℃, the pH value is 7.2-7.5, the dissolved oxygen is kept to be more than 6 mg/L, and the flowing water is used for feeding at the flow rate of 50-80L/min;
step three: domesticating the parent fish;
3.1, feeding the pulpy bait; fishing and transporting the parent fish which is fed with pulpy bait by adopting an artificial oral feeding method on the same day, placing the parent fish in a domestication pond after transporting, wherein the pulpy bait is formed by mixing 5 parts of chironomus larvae, 3 parts of glucose injection with the concentration of 50 percent and 2 parts of limnodrilus seriflux in parts by weight, and feeding the mixture three times every day, namely feeding the mixture once in the morning, in the middle and in the evening; the amount of pasty bait is 3-5% of the weight of parent fish, and the domestication density of parent fish is 4-5 tails/m for 3-5 days3；
3.2, feeding the slurry bait and the live loaches; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait, the live loaches are adopted to gradually replace the slurry bait for feeding, and the replacement method comprises the following steps: the pulpy bait and the live loach are fed for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 2:1 every day, and are fed for 3 times every day, namely, the pulpy bait is fed in the morning and the live loach is fed in the evening, the feeding amount of the pulpy bait in each time is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, and the feeding amount of the live loach in each time is 20% of the weight of the parent fish; then, the slurry bait and the live loaches are fed for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 1:2 every day, and are fed for 3 times every day, namely, the slurry bait is fed in the early stage and the live loaches are fed in the middle and late stages respectively, the feeding amount of the slurry bait in each stage is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, and the feeding amount of the live loaches in each stage is 20% of the weight of the parent fish; then only feeding live loaches for 4-5 days, and feeding three times every day, namely feeding once in the morning, in the middle and at night; the feeding amount of the live loaches each time is 20% of the weight of the parent fishes;
3.3, feeding live loaches; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait and the live loaches, continuously feeding all live loaches as the baits; feeding twice a day, namely feeding once in the morning and at night, wherein the feeding amount is 20 percent of the weight of the parent fish.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: because the artificial domestication of wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans parent fish is blank at present, all the ways of improving the domestication success rate and the survival rate are main technical problems, the prior art is mainly that the wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans parent fish is directly fed after being transported back, at the moment, the wild Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is not completely adapted to the artificial domestication environment, the type of food for feeding the Glyptosternum maculatum Regans is not changed in time, and therefore the situation that food is not fed or is rarely fed can occur, the immunity of the organism is low, and a large number of Glyptosternum maculatum Regans parent fish die. According to the invention, the problems that the parent fish dies due to low immunity because the parent fish is hungry and can not actively eat living food are solved by the methods of early artificial pulpy bait feeding, pulpy bait feeding and live loach feeding, and the like, so that the domestication success rate and the survival rate of the parent fish can be improved.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans of the embodiment comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum; selecting high-quality wild Glyptosternum maculatum kiss fish with body mass of more than 40g, body length of more than 14cm, no damage to body surface, and good health and vitality;
preparing a domestication pond, wherein the water quality of the domestication pond is required to be mountain stream flowing water or underground water, the water temperature is 12-14 ℃ (the domestication temperature of parent fishes), the pH is 7.2-7.5, the dissolved oxygen is kept to be more than 6 mg/L, and the flowing water is used for feeding at the flow rate of 50-80L/min;
step three: domesticating the parent fish;
3.1, feeding the pulpy bait; fishing and transporting the parent fish which is fed with pulpy bait by adopting an artificial oral feeding method on the same day, placing the parent fish in a domestication pond after transportation, wherein the pulpy bait is prepared by mixing 5 parts of chironomus larvae, 3 parts of glucose injection with the concentration of 50 percent and 2 parts of limnodrilus seriflux (prepared into feed pulp) according to the parts by weight, and feeding the parent fish three times every day, namely feeding the parent fish once in the morning, in the middle and at the evening (the feeding time is 6 points, 12 points and 18 points); the amount of pasty bait is 3-5% of the weight of parent fish, and the domestication density of parent fish is 4-5 tails/m for 3-5 days3；
3.2, feeding the slurry bait and the live loaches; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait, the live loaches are adopted to gradually replace the slurry bait for feeding, and the replacement method comprises the following steps: feeding the pasty bait and the live loaches for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 2:1 every day, and feeding for 3 times every day, namely feeding for once in the morning, in the noon and in the evening, wherein the pasty bait is fed in the morning and in the noon, and the live loaches are fed in the evening (the feeding time is 6 points, 12 points and 18 points), the feeding amount of the pasty bait for each time is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fishes, and the feeding amount of the live loaches for each time is 20% of the weight of the parent fishes; then, the slurry bait and the live loaches are fed for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 1:2 every day, and are fed for 3 times every day, namely, the slurry bait is fed for one time in the morning, and the live loaches are fed for one time in the noon and the evening (the feeding time is 6 points, 12 points and 18 points), the feeding amount of the slurry bait for each time is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, and the feeding amount of the live loaches for each time is 20% of the weight of the parent fish; then only feeding live loaches for 4-5 days, and feeding three times every day, namely feeding once in the morning, in the middle and at the evening (the feeding time is 6 points, 12 points and 18 points); the feeding amount of live loaches is 20% of the weight of the parent fishes each time (the stable feeding conversion of the parent fishes is facilitated, and the domestication success rate of the parent fishes is improved);
3.3, feeding live loaches; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait and the live loaches, continuously feeding all live loaches as the baits; the fish is fed twice a day, namely, the fish is fed once in the morning and at the evening (the feeding time is 6 o 'clock and 18 o' clock), and the feeding amount of each time is 20 percent of the weight of the parent fish.
Further, in the artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to the present embodiment, in the second step, the domestication pond is circular, the diameter of the inner circle of the domestication pond is 2-4m, and the water depth is 0.5-1.0 m.
Further, in the artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to this embodiment, in step three, 3.1, before the parent fish is placed in the domestication pond, the parent fish is first soaked in 1% saline water for 15-20 min. The purpose is to prevent diseases.
Further, in the artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to this embodiment, in step three, 3.1, the artificial oral feeding method is: a20 ml syringe is adopted, after a needle head is pulled out, a hose with the length of 3cm is additionally arranged at the position of the needle head of the syringe, the diameter of the inner wall of the hose is 3mm, and the oral cavity injection method is adopted for drenching and feeding.
Claims (4)
1. An artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regan, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum; selecting high-quality wild Glyptosternum maculatum kiss fish with body mass of more than 40g, body length of more than 14cm, no damage to body surface, and good health and vitality;
preparing a domestication pond, wherein the water quality of the domestication pond is required to be mountain stream flowing water or underground water, the water temperature is 12-14 ℃, the pH value is 7.2-7.5, the dissolved oxygen is kept to be more than 6 mg/L, and the flowing water is used for feeding at the flow rate of 50-80L/min;
step three: domesticating the parent fish;
3.1, feeding the pulpy bait; fishing and transporting the parent fish which is fed with pulpy bait by adopting an artificial oral feeding method on the same day, placing the parent fish in a domestication pond after transporting, wherein the pulpy bait is formed by mixing 5 parts of chironomus larvae, 3 parts of glucose injection with the concentration of 50 percent and 2 parts of limnodrilus seriflux in parts by weight, and feeding the mixture three times every day, namely feeding the mixture once in the morning, in the middle and in the evening; the amount of pasty bait is 3-5% of the weight of parent fish, and the domestication density of parent fish is 4-5 tails/m for 3-5 days3；
3.2, feeding the slurry bait and the live loaches; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait, the live loaches are adopted to gradually replace the slurry bait for feeding, and the replacement method comprises the following steps: the pulpy bait and the live loach are fed for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 2:1 every day, and are fed for 3 times every day, namely, the pulpy bait is fed in the morning and the live loach is fed in the evening, the feeding amount of the pulpy bait in each time is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, and the feeding amount of the live loach in each time is 20% of the weight of the parent fish; then, the slurry bait and the live loaches are fed for 4-5 days according to the frequency ratio of 1:2 every day, and are fed for 3 times every day, namely, the slurry bait is fed in the early stage and the live loaches are fed in the middle and late stages respectively, the feeding amount of the slurry bait in each stage is 3-5% of the weight of the parent fish, and the feeding amount of the live loaches in each stage is 20% of the weight of the parent fish; then only feeding live loaches for 4-5 days, and feeding three times every day, namely feeding once in the morning, in the middle and at night; the feeding amount of the live loaches each time is 20% of the weight of the parent fishes;
3.3, feeding live loaches; after the feeding stage of the slurry bait and the live loaches, continuously feeding all live loaches as the baits; feeding twice a day, namely feeding once in the morning and at night, wherein the feeding amount is 20 percent of the weight of the parent fish.
2. The artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the domestication pond is circular, the diameter of the inner circle of the domestication pond is 2-4m, and the water depth is 0.5-1.0 m.
3. The artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to claim 1, characterized in that: in 3.1 of the third step, before the parent fish enters the domestication pond, the parent fish is soaked in 1% saline water for 15-20 min.
4. The artificial domestication method of wild parent Glyptosternum maculatum Regans according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step three, 3.1, the artificial oral feeding method comprises the following steps: a20 ml syringe is adopted, after a needle head is pulled out, a hose with the length of 3cm is additionally arranged at the position of the needle head of the syringe, the diameter of the inner wall of the hose is 3mm, and the oral cavity injection method is adopted for drenching and feeding.
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| CN202010328790.1A CN111449006A (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Artificial domestication method of wild parent fishes of Glyptosternum maculatum |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112772470A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Artificial cultivation method of juvenile glyptosternum maculatum |
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- 2020-04-23 CN CN202010328790.1A patent/CN111449006A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101518217A (en) * | 2009-04-10 | 2009-09-02 | 华中农业大学 | Artificial induced spawning method of glyptosternum maculatum regan |
| CN204709432U (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-10-21 | 崔彦芹 | The simple and easy gravity that a kind of flow velocity is adjustable feeds perfusion instrument |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112772470A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Artificial cultivation method of juvenile glyptosternum maculatum |
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