CN111771772A - Grouper fry breeding method - Google Patents
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- CN111771772A CN111771772A CN202010718135.7A CN202010718135A CN111771772A CN 111771772 A CN111771772 A CN 111771772A CN 202010718135 A CN202010718135 A CN 202010718135A CN 111771772 A CN111771772 A CN 111771772A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling raising method, in particular to a grouper seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps: before the grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in the seedling raising pool, and bacillus subtilis is added; after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃; starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening the circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedlings are cultured; live baits are fed to the grouper eggs 3 days after hatching, and different live baits are fed in different growth stages until grouper fry breeding is completed. The invention keeps the water environment stable by continuously performing the water circulation system in the seedling culture process, shortens the seedling culture period, reduces the disease invasion, reduces the dependence on high-quality water sources, improves the control strength on the seedling culture water quality and increases the seedling culture success rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seedling raising method, in particular to a grouper seedling raising method.
Background
The grouper belongs to the order Perciformes and the family grouper, is a famous and precious marine fish with high nutritional value, and is also an important marine culture species in coastal areas of south China. In recent years, with the development of grouper breeding industry, the demand of breeding enterprises for seedlings is increased year by year, but the grouper seedling raising technology has no new breakthrough and still stays at a relatively extensive seedling raising stage.
At present, indoor industrial seedling culture and outdoor high-level pond seedling culture are adopted as the grouper seedling culture modes, and the 2 seedling culture modes are affected by weather change, algae water supply problem, later water quality deterioration and the like, so that diseases are easily infected in the seedling culture stage, and the success rate is low.
According to the traditional seedling raising mode, oyster oosperms are used as initial baits of groupers, the oysters are uneven in quality and affected by market supply and seasons, the nutrition requirements of fish fries cannot be met when the oyster oosperms grow to the basilar wheel larva stage, meanwhile, the oyster oosperms are fed for 2 times a day, and much time is spent on squeezing the oysters. In the traditional seedling raising mode, copepods are used as grouper baits in the middle and later stages, the copepods are usually collected from a shrimp pond and are influenced by long transportation time and improper collection mode, the survival rate of the copepods is lower than 50 percent, particularly in summer, the copepods are influenced by high temperature, and the death rate is higher than 80 percent. The fry basically does not eat dead copepods, water quality is easy to deteriorate when the fry is fed into a seedling pool, meanwhile, the fry is easy to bring a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms into the fry through baits such as oysters and shrimps in the pool, diseases in the later stage of seedling culture are increased, and the survival rate of the fry is low.
In the traditional seedling culture, chlorella is cultured, a certain amount of algae water is added into a seedling culture pond every day to purify ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in a seedling culture water body, sediment needs to be cleaned through bottom suction in the later stage of seedling culture, the water environment is susceptible to weather change (cloudy and clear, air pressure change, abnormal air temperature and the like), and the problems of algae falling, pH value reduction, dissolved oxygen reduction and the like occur in the seedling culture pond, so that the fry can die due to stress.
In the patent publication No. CN201510222650.5, a grouper cultivation method and system are disclosed, in which the cultivation wastewater is sequentially subjected to mechanical filtration treatment, floating bed biochemical treatment, sterilization treatment, microfiltration treatment and water quality adjustment treatment to reach the preset cultivation index, and used as cultivation seawater for recycling, but the adopted circulation system aims at recycling the wastewater, wherein the adopted floating bed biochemical treatment makes the water quality change unfavorable for water stabilization.
In the patent with publication number CN202010118340.X, a cultivation method for improving disease resistance and stress resistance of rockfish fry is disclosed, wherein by feeding fairy shrimp nauplii and compound feed and feeding SS type wheels, the nutrition of the fish fry is adjusted at different periods, the immunity of the fish fry is improved, and the stress resistance and disease resistance of rockfish are improved, but compound feed is required to be added, wherein the compound feed comprises 2-4 parts of krill meal, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus rhamnosus fermentation powder, lecithin, corn starch, laver meal, vitamin B12 and an adhesive; the addition of the compound feed can easily lead the water to be turbid, is not beneficial to the stability of the culture water environment, is not beneficial to the survival of the fairy shrimp nauplii in the water, and indirectly increases the cost for adding the fairy shrimp nauplii.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a grouper fry breeding method for stabilizing a breeding water environment, which can improve the yield of fries.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a grouper fry breeding method comprises the following steps:
s1 includes: before the grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in the seedling raising pool, and bacillus subtilis is added;
s2 includes: after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃;
s3 includes: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are incubated, opening a circulating water system, and carrying out water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedlings are cultured;
s4 includes: live baits are fed to the grouper eggs 3 days after hatching, and different live baits are fed in different growth stages until grouper fry breeding is completed.
Optionally, the water circulation treatment comprises adding beneficial bacteria.
Optionally, in step S3, the circulation amount of water in the nursery pond is controlled to be the following percentage of the total volume of water in the nursery pond at different age periods of days after hatching by the grouper eggs:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
controlling the age of 11-15 days to be 20%;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80%.
Optionally, step S4 includes: after incubation of grouper eggs
Feeding ss type rotifers every 3-6 days old;
feeding L-shaped rotifers every 7-20 days old;
the fairy shrimp is fed every day at 21-30 days old.
Optionally, the fairy shrimp is nauplii hatched for 22-15 h from fairy shrimp eggs in seawater at 25-30 ℃;
feeding the grouper fries of 20-22 days old with the newly hatched fairy shrimp;
feeding 22-24-day-old grouper fries with 0.5-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 26-28-day-old grouper fries with 2-day-old brine bugs;
and feeding the grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp.
Optionally, during the 3-20 day old stage after hatching of the grouper eggs: the concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100-200 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day.
Optionally, the mouth of the nursery pond is provided with a water inlet.
Optionally, the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pool is provided with a water outlet, the pool low area is 15-25 square meters, the pool depth is 1.2-2 m, and the radian is 5%.
Optionally, a circulating water system, comprising: the device comprises a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter.
Optionally, the water outlet of the air source heat pump is further connected with more than one water inlet of the circulation tank, and the water outlet of the circulation tank is connected with the water inlet of the micro-filter.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention keeps the water environment stable by continuously performing the water circulation system in the seedling culture process, shortens the seedling culture period, reduces the disease invasion, reduces the dependence on high-quality water sources, improves the control strength on the seedling culture water quality and increases the seedling culture success rate.
The sterilizing function in the water circulation system can kill harmful organisms such as vibrios, parasites and the like in the seedling water body, and the filtering function removes most suspended particles and reduces the formation of sediments in the seedling water body. The water circulation system can maintain the water environment of the seedling raising pond to be stable and effectively resist the influence of severe weather.
The application of the water circulation system and the use of the live baits can reduce the use of ingredients, so that the requirement of grouper seedling culture can be met, the success rate of seedling culture reaches 93%, the obtained grouper seedlings are healthier, no harmful substances are accumulated in the body, and the success rate of later-period culture can be obviously improved.
Wherein the continuous circulating water system is started 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, and aims at stabilizing the environment of the water body, including pH value, temperature and growth of beneficial microorganisms.
2. The invention adopts ss type rotifer as the initial bait, and the palatability is not different from that of oyster; the ss type rotifers can survive in the seedling raising pool and continuously provide baits for the fry. According to the invention, Toyota planisporus with different ages of days are used for replacing copepods according to the caliber change of the fry, and the nutrition requirement of the fry can be met and live baits can be provided for the fry only by performing nutrition strengthening before feeding. The artificially cultivated ss rotifer and fairy shrimp are used for replacing naturally obtained baits, so that the risk of infected diseases can be greatly reduced, and the seedling culture success rate and the seedling yield are improved.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.
The embodiment provides a grouper fry breeding method, which comprises the following steps: s1 includes: before the grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in the seedling raising pool, and bacillus subtilis is added;
s2 includes: after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃;
s3 includes: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are incubated, opening a circulating water system, and carrying out water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedlings are cultured;
s4 includes: live baits are fed to the grouper eggs 3 days after hatching, and different live baits are fed in different growth stages until grouper fry breeding is completed.
In the embodiment, the water body is kept stable by the functions of controlling the water temperature, sterilizing and filtering of the circulating water system. The use of a water circulation system and live baits can reduce the use of ingredients, meet the requirements of grouper fry culture, ensure that the success rate of fry culture reaches 93 percent, ensure that the obtained grouper fry is healthier, have no harmful substances accumulated in the body and can obviously improve the success rate of later-period culture.
The live baits are adopted, so that the problems that the diseases are increased in the later stage of seedling culture and the survival rate of seedling culture is low due to the fact that a large amount of pathogenic microorganisms are brought into the fry easily through the baits such as oysters, shrimps and copepods are solved, the risk of infecting the diseases can be greatly reduced, and the success rate of seedling culture and the yield of seedlings are improved.
In step S1, before water circulation treatment, a seedling raising pond is disinfected by bleaching powder, cleaned by clear water, aired for one day, and then fresh water subjected to sand filtration is added into the seedling raising pond, a circulating water system is started, and water treatment circulation is carried out on the seedling raising system; when the circulating water system is started, the bacillus subtilis is 2-3g/m3The amount of water is added. The bacillus subtilis can degrade toxic substances such as nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and the like, optimize the environment of the seedling raising pool, inhibit the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria.
Preferably, micro-aeration is adopted, the circulation frequency of the water circulation system is 10-15 times/24 h, and grouper roe can be put in after 3-5 days of circulation.
Preferably, after the circulating water system is closed and before spawn discharging, micro-inflation is carried out in the seedling raising pool until seedling raising is finished, and the micro-inflation ensures that bubbles generated on the water surface of the seedling raising pool are preferably 5-10cm in radius; the method aims to keep the stability of oxygen bubbles in the water body in the culture pond and prevent the water body from rolling over to cause damage to the newly hatched larval fish caused by overlarge oxygen bubbles. The test shows that: when eggs are put, the circulating water system is not continued but micro-aeration is adopted, and compared with the method that the circulating water system is adopted for circulating treatment all the time, the success rate of seedling culture is higher.
Experiments show that: if the seedling raising success rate of the circulating water system is only 70 percent and only micro-aeration is carried out during egg laying, the success rate is over 90 percent, and the possible reason is that continuous circulating treatment is not beneficial to the adaptation of the grouper eggs to the water body.
When laying eggs, the egg laying density is 50-80 g/m3The water temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, and the fry can hatch for 32-22 hours.
The circulating water system has the functions of filtering, sterilizing, controlling water temperature and circulating, and is the key for keeping water stable, large suspended particles are removed in the filtering purpose, the accumulated matters in the seedling raising water body are prevented from being formed, the temperature control function effectively resists the influence of severe weather, and the circulating can prevent the problems of algae pouring, pH value reduction, dissolved oxygen reduction and the like in the seedling raising pond, so that the fish fry can be prevented from being killed by stress.
In the embodiment, in the whole seedling raising process, the dissolved oxygen in the seedling raising pool is kept to be more than 5mg/L, the pH value is kept to be 7.5-8.2, the salinity is kept to be 25-30, the water temperature is kept to be 25-30 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 4000-.
In order to improve the reduction of harmful microorganisms in the nursery pond in the water circulation treatment, beneficial bacteria, preferably nitrobacteria, are added into the water circulation system, so that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the nursery pond can be reduced.
In order to prevent the instability of the water environment for the growth of the larval and young groupers of the groupers caused by over-circulation, in step S3, the circulation amount of the groupers in the nursery pond is respectively controlled to be the following percentage of the total volume of the water in the nursery pond at different age stages after hatching:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
controlling the age of 11-15 days to be 20%;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80%.
The circulating water system is simultaneously connected with more than 1 circulating pool which does not carry out seedling culture to carry out self-circulation of the water body, so that the normal growth of microorganisms (beneficial bacteria such as nitrobacteria) in the water circulating system is ensured, and the effect of maintaining the stable water quality of the seedling culture system is also played.
In this embodiment, the step S4 includes continuously providing live baits for the fry: after incubation of grouper eggs
Feeding ss type rotifers every 3-6 days old;
feeding L-shaped rotifers every 7-20 days old;
the fairy shrimp is fed every day at 21-30 days old.
The implementation mode adopts ss type rotifers as the initial feed, and the palatability is not different from that of oysters; the ss type rotifers can survive in the seedling raising pool and continuously provide baits for the fry. The ss type rotifer is used as initial bait, and the density of the bait in the nursery pond is sufficient (10-20 pieces/ml).
Preferably, in the 3-20-day-old stage after hatching of the grouper eggs: the concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100-200 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day. Sprinkling for 2 times per day, preferably at 9 or 16 points per day, each time according to 5ml/m3The amount of the water is splashed to ensure the nutrition of the rotifers in the pool, prevent the ss-type rotifers which are not eaten from continuing to grow, prevent death from polluting the water, and further ensure the stability of the water.
Preferably, the L-shaped rotifers are fed, and the density of the rotifers in the seedling pool is kept to be 5-10/ml.
Preferably, the fairy shrimp density in the nursery pond is kept to be 1-2/ml. The fairy shrimp is nauplii hatched from fairy shrimp eggs in seawater at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ for 22-15 h;
feeding the grouper fries of 20-22 days old with the newly hatched fairy shrimp;
feeding 22-24-day-old grouper fries with 0.5-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 26-28-day-old grouper fries with 2-day-old brine bugs;
and feeding the grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp.
In the embodiment, the epinephelus malabaricus seedlings fed by the artemia malabaricus at the age of 21-30 days are fed by the artemia malabaricus at different ages of days, so that the growth requirements of the epinephelus malabaricus seedlings can be met, and other non-living ingredients are not required to be added, so that the stability of the water in the seedling raising pond is improved. Wherein, the fairy shrimp just hatched is not reinforced, and fairy shrimp of 0.5-3 days old is reinforced by schizochytrium limacinum and spirulina for 6-8 h before feeding (5 g schizochytrium limacinum and 5g spirulina are fed per 100 ten thousand fairy worms).
Preferably, the mouth of the seedling raising pond is used as a water inlet, the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pond is used as a water outlet, the low area of the pond is 15-25 square meters, the depth of the pond is 1.2-2 m, and the radian is 5%. The water inlet is arranged at the pond opening, so that the influence on the growth of seedlings and live feeds can be reduced when circulating water flows into the seedling raising pond from the pond opening, and the pond serving as the seedling raising pond matched with the water circulating system has the advantages of low area of 15-25 square meters, pond depth of 1.2-2 m and radian of 5%. Preferably, a 40-mesh silk net is used at the water outlet to prevent the fry from escaping
Preferably, the seedling raising pool is a round cement pool or a glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel.
Preferably, the circulating water system in the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter.
The water outlet of the air source heat pump is also connected with the water inlet of more than one circulation tank, and the water outlet of the circulation tank is connected with the water inlet of the micro-filter. The circulating tank is used for self-circulation of the water body, seedling culture is not carried out in the whole seedling culture stage, normal growth of microorganisms (beneficial bacteria such as nitrobacteria) in the circulating system biological filter is guaranteed, and the effect of maintaining stable water quality of the seedling culture system is also achieved.
Wherein, air source heat pump, this equipment can heat and cool down the circulating water, can stabilize the temperature in suitable scope, prevents the temperature ripples
Wherein, the biological filter water treatment device contains beneficial bacteria including nitrifying bacteria.
Example 1
A method for breeding grouper seedlings, which comprises the following steps,
connection of S1 circulating water system: the glass fiber reinforced plastic barrel is used as a seedling raising pool, the area of the pool is 25 square meters, the depth of the pool is 1.8m, the radian is 5%, the pool opening of the seedling raising pool is arranged as a water inlet, the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pool is arranged as a water outlet, a 40-mesh silk net is used as the water outlet,
sequentially connecting a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter;
the water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with the water inlet of the circulating pool, and the water inlet of the micro-filter is connected with the water outlet of the circulating pool.
S2 sterilizing the nursery pond: and (4) disinfecting the seedling raising pond with bleaching powder, cleaning with clear water, and airing for later use for one day.
S3 water injection and circulating water system treatment of the nursery pond: adding new water subjected to sand filtration treatment into the seedling raising pool, starting a circulating water system, and performing water treatment circulation on the seedling raising pool, wherein the circulation frequency is 10 times/24 h, the circulation time is 5 days, and when the circulating system is started, the bacillus subtilis is 2g/m3Adding the amount of the water body;
s4 laying eggs: after the circulation is finished, closing a water outlet of the seedling raising pool to exit the circulation system, carrying out micro-aeration on the water in the seedling raising pool to enable the radius of generated bubbles formed on the surface of the water body to be 5-10cm, and starting to throw in grouper roes; egg laying density is 50g/m3Controlling the water temperature at 30 ℃ until the fry is hatched for 32-22 h;
s5 continuous circulating water system: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are incubated, opening a circulating water system, and carrying out water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedlings are cultured;
controlling the circulation amount of water in the seedling raising pond to be the following percentage of the total volume of the water in the seedling raising pond respectively at different age periods of days after hatching of grouper eggs:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
controlling the age of 11-15 days to be 20%;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80%.
S6 in the whole process of raising seedlings, keeping the dissolved oxygen in the seedling raising pool at 5mg/L, pH7.5-8.2, salinity 25-30, water temperature 25-30 ℃, and illumination intensity of 4000-.
S7 controlling the bait in different growth stages of the fry: feeding live baits for 3 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, and feeding different live baits in different growth stages until grouper fry culture is completed
S71: and feeding ss-type rotifers every day at 3-6 days after hatching of grouper eggs, wherein the density of the ss-type rotifers in the seedling culture pond is 15/ml by feeding for 3 times every day at 6 points, 10 points and 15 points every day. Meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day. Sprinkling for 2 times a day at 9 and 16 points, each time according to 5ml/m3Splashing the water body;
s72: feeding L-shaped rotifers at 7-20 days after incubation of grouper eggs every day, keeping the density of the L-shaped rotifers in a nursery pond at 5-10/ml, feeding for 3 times every day at 6 points, 10 points and 15 points every day respectively; meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day. Sprinkling for 2 times a day at 9 and 16 points, each time according to 5ml/m3Splashing the water body;
s73: feeding the grouper eggs at 21-30 days after hatching with the artemia cysts every day, keeping the density of the artemia cysts at the corresponding day in a nursery pond at 1-2/ml, feeding for 2 times every day, and respectively feeding 6 and 15 points earlier;
feeding the grouper fries of 20-22 days old with the newly hatched fairy shrimp;
feeding 22-24-day-old grouper fries with 0.5-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 26-28-day-old grouper fries with 2-day-old brine bugs;
feeding grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp;
wherein, the fairy shrimp of 0.5-3 days old needs to be strengthened by schizochytrium limacinum and spirulina for 6-8 h before feeding (5 g of schizochytrium limacinum and 5g of spirulina are fed per 100 million fairy worms).
In this example, the success rate of seedling culture was 93%.
Example 2
The other points are different from example 1 in that:
in the step S1, a circular cement pond is used as a seedling raising pond, the pond is low in area and has a square meter of 15 square meters and a pond depth of 2m and a radian of 5 percent;
in step S3, the circulation frequency is 12 times/24 h, the circulation time is 3-day, and when the circulation system is started, the bacillus subtilis is in a ratio of 3g/m3Adding the amount of the water body;
in step S4, the egg laying density is 60g/m3Controlling the water temperature to be 25 ℃;
in the step S71, ss type rotifers are fed to grouper eggs 3-6 days old after hatching every day, and the density of the ss type rotifers in the seedling pool is 10/ml. Meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 200 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day.
In step S72, concentrated chlorella solution with a concentration of 200 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day.
In this example, the success rate of seedling culture was 90%.
Example 3
The other points are different from example 1 in that:
in the step S1, a circular cement pond is used as a seedling raising pond, the pond has a low area of 20 square meters and a depth of 1.2m and a radian of 5 percent;
in step S3, the circulation frequency is 15 times/24 h, the circulation time is 4 days, and when the circulation system is started, the bacillus subtilis is 2g/m3Adding the amount of the water body;
in step S4, the egg laying density is 80g/m3Controlling the water temperature at 28 ℃;
in the step S71, ss type rotifers are fed to grouper eggs 3-6 days old after hatching every day, and the density of the ss type rotifers in the seedling pool is 10/ml. Meanwhile, concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 150 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day.
In step S72, concentrated chlorella solution with a concentration of 150 hundred million cells/ml is sprinkled every day.
In this example, the success rate of seedling growth was 89%.
Comparative example 1
The other points are different from embodiment 1 in that the microbubbles in step S4 are simultaneously processed in the continuous circulation water system.
The success rate of the seedling raising of comparative example 1 was 70%.
Comparative example 2
The other points are different from example 1 in that:
in step S5, the water circulation amount in the continuous circulating water system is always less than 30% of the total volume of the water in the nursery pond.
The success rate of seedling raising of comparative example 2 was 70%.
Comparative example 3
The other points are different from example 1 in that: the ingredients disclosed in patent No. cn202010118340.x are added at the same time as the bait is put in.
The success rate of seedling raising of comparative example 3 was 83%.
Among them, the success rates of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were all obtained from effective experimental data obtained by a plurality of parallel experiments.
Comparative examples 1-3 illustrate that: the invention can improve the success rate of seedling raising by stopping water circulation during egg laying, and can improve the success rate of seedling raising by circulating amount in different seedling raising stages. On the premise of the same circulating water quantity, the addition of the ingredients obviously reduces the survival rate.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A grouper fry rearing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 includes: before the grouper eggs are put in, a circulating water system with functions of controlling water temperature, sterilizing and filtering is adopted to circularly treat water in the seedling raising pool, and bacillus subtilis is added;
s2 includes: after the circulating water system is closed, grouper eggs are put in, and the water temperature of the seedling pond is controlled to be 25-30 ℃;
s3 includes: starting 6 days after the grouper eggs are hatched, opening the circulating water system, and performing water circulation treatment on the seedling culture pond until grouper seedlings are cultured;
s4 includes: live baits are fed to the grouper eggs 3 days after hatching, and different live baits are fed in different growth stages until grouper fry breeding is completed.
2. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein: the water circulation treatment comprises adding beneficial bacteria.
3. The grouper culturing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the circulating amount of water in the culturing pond is controlled to be the following percentage of the total volume of water in the culturing pond respectively at different age periods of days after hatching:
controlling the age of 6-10 days to be 5-10%;
controlling the age of 11-15 days to be 20%;
controlling the age of 16-20 days to be 30%;
controlling the age of 21-25 days to be 50%;
the age of 26-30 days is controlled to be 80%.
4. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein the step S4 comprises: incubated spawn of grouper
Feeding ss type rotifers every 3-6 days old;
feeding L-shaped rotifers every 7-20 days old;
the fairy shrimp is fed every day at 21-30 days old.
5. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the fairy shrimp is nauplii hatched from fairy shrimp eggs in seawater at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ for 22-15 h;
feeding the grouper fries of 20-22 days old with the newly hatched fairy shrimp;
feeding 22-24-day-old grouper fries with 0.5-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 24-26-day-old grouper fries with 1-day-old artemia cysts;
feeding 26-28-day-old grouper fries with 2-day-old brine bugs;
and feeding the grouper fries of 28-30 days old with 3 days old fairy shrimp.
6. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the ratio of the number of grouper eggs which are 3 to 20 days old after hatching: the concentrated chlorella solution with the concentration of 100-200 hundred million cells/ml is splashed every day.
7. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein: the mouth of the seedling raising pond is provided with a water inlet.
8. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 6, wherein: the center of the bottom of the seedling raising pool is provided with a water outlet, the pool low area is 15-25 square meters, the pool depth is 1.2-2 m, and the radian is 5%.
9. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 1, wherein the circulating water system comprises: the device comprises a micro-filter, a protein separator, a biological filter water treatment device, an ultraviolet sterilizer and an air source heat pump which are sequentially connected, wherein a water outlet of the air source heat pump is connected with a water inlet of a seedling raising pond, and a water outlet of the seedling raising pond is connected with a water inlet of the micro-filter.
10. The grouper fry rearing method according to claim 9, wherein: the water outlet of the air source heat pump is also connected with the water inlet of more than one circulation tank, and the water outlet of the circulation tank is connected with the water inlet of the micro-filter.
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| AU2021232694B2 (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2023-11-02 | Hainan Green Algae World Biotechnology Co. Ltd | Method for hatching and culturing grouper using chlorella |
| CN114027229A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Novel method for cultivating takifugu rubripes fries |
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