The fresh water ecological cultivation method of Penaeus Vannmei
Technical field
The present invention relates to the freshwater aquiculture field of Penaeus Vannmei, be specifically related to the fresh water ecological cultivation method of Penaeus Vannmei.
Background technology
Being commonly called as white limb shrimp, white shrimp, is one of three large shrimps that world today's cultured output is the highest, delicious meat, processing dressing percentage can up to 67%, and suitable temperature range is wide, can 18-32 DEG C of growth, proper salinity level is also wide, and can grow under salinity 1-40 ‰ condition, be a kind of excellent desalination cultivation kind.Penaeus Vannmei nocturnalism is frequent, likes quiet fearness and shies.
Although the cultivation of shrimps has established perfect cultural technique system, but most breeding technique or traditional handicraft, namely open, hydrostatic is raised, is relied on and change water in a large number to improve water quality and to rely on medical treatment disease, but a large amount of medication will inevitably affect water quality, and water quality to be kept by changing water in a large number, the system of shrimp also can be caused after a large amount of medication to die down, change water in a large number and also can cause a large amount of nutrition leak, the survival rate of shrimp is easily caused to reduce, so traditional shrimp culture technique is a vicious circle, it not ecologic breeding.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the fresh water ecological cultivation method that the invention provides a kind of Penaeus Vannmei, the Penaeus Vannmei fast growth that pond is raised, survival rate is high.
Technical scheme: the fresh water ecological cultivation method of Penaeus Vannmei of the present invention, comprises following steps: the whole pool: thoroughly remove the mud in pond, filling cracks and leak;
Clean up the pond: before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 10 ~ 15 days, will shrimp crab protectant dissolve after splash to full pond;
Kind of planting submerged plant: every square metre, surrounding phytal zone, pond plantation 4 ~ 6 submerged plants, submerged plant to the area coverage in whole pond 40 ~ 50%;
Water filling: at the fresh water of injection 2 ~ 3 meters after sterilization in pond;
Cultivate water flea: before shrimp seedling puts 2 weeks in a suitable place to breed, in pond, throw in the pig manure of 250 ~ 300 kilograms every mu, regularly stir to breed water flea;
Desalination shrimp seedling: the shrimp seedling of 0.5 ~ 0.8 centimetre that transport comes is put in the good seawater of configured in advance, the salinity of this seawater and the seawater error of fortune shrimp seedling are 0 ~ 3, the temperature difference is at 0 ~ 2 degree Celsius, treat shrimp seedling normal activity, after conforming, increase the fresh water of 10 ~ 20% of seawater total amount every day, through 8 ~ 10 days, emerge when salinity drops to below 3 ‰;
Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed: at the beginning of by the end of May ~ 6 months, in pond, water temperature stability is 20 ~ 23 degrees Celsius time, select body surface cleaning, glossy, appendage is complete, tail fan separately, two antennas often close up and the shrimp seedling that can move about against the current, first it is carried out disinfection, then put in a suitable place to breed in pond with the quantity of every mu 5 ~ 60,000 tails;
Rationally throw something and feed: prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in a week after putting in a suitable place to breed are main, the bait of throwing something and feeding after one week containing 25 ~ 35% crude protein is main, and when every morning 8 ~ 9 and respectively throw something and feed once at 17 ~ 18 in afternoon, afternoon, feeding capacity was 70 ~ 80% of whole day feeding capacity; When shrimp grows to 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed a night; When shrimp grows to after 10 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed twice night;
Wheel catches out the pool: mid-August, picks out the shrimp supply market of more than 10 centimetres every other month, to all fishing for up by the end of October.
In the step of cleaning up the pond, stirring and dissolving after shrimp crab protectant mixes with 10 ~ 20 times of saline solutions, leaves standstill and splashes to full pond after 1 hour; The concentration of described saline solution is 8 ‰ to 10 ‰; Described submerged plant is shrimp algae, withered grass, hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus or waterweed.
Beneficial effect: the present invention uses shrimp crab protectant to clean up the pond can kill the harmful organisms such as fish, batrachia, leech for Penaeus Vannmei, can not damage by prawn itself simultaneously; In pond, plant planting submerged plant, the environment of perching and shelling can be provided for shrimp on the one hand, can also as the natural bait of shrimps, can purify water on the other hand, increase dissolved oxygen in water, be beneficial to the existence of shrimp, can also when summer temp is too high for shrimp provides shady and cool habitat; Water flea is small-sized flotation crustaceans, is evenly distributed in pond, not polluted water, can also provide nutritious bait for shrimps, and water flea moves about speed slowly, is also convenient to shrimp predation; The method that the present invention desalinates shrimp seedling in addition can allow shrimp seedling adapt to fresh water environment better, improves the survival rate of putting rear shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed; Rational Feeding time and feeding volume can promote shrimp seedling fast growth, to increase economic efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The whole pool: thoroughly remove mud, filling cracks and the leak in pond.
Clean up the pond: before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 10 days, stirring and dissolving after mixing according to the appropriate shrimp crab protectant of the large young pathbreaker in pond and the 10 times of concentration saline solution that is 8 ‰, and leave standstill and splash to full pond after 1 hour, to kill the harmful organisms of the shrimps such as fish, batrachia, leech.
Plant planting submerged plant: submerged plant such as the plantation of every square metre, surrounding phytal zone, pond 4 waterweeds or shrimp algae, withered grass, hydrilla verticillata, p.malaianus etc., ensure submerged plant to the area coverage in whole pond 40%; Submerged plant can provide the environment of perching and shelling for shrimp on the one hand, as the natural bait of shrimps, can also can purify water on the other hand, increase dissolved oxygen in water, be beneficial to the existence of shrimp, can also when summer temp is too high for shrimp provides shady and cool habitat.
Water filling: the fresh water that injection 2 meters is dark in pond, and use quicklime and camellia bran to sterilize to fresh water, every mu of 60 kilograms of quicklimes, 40 kilograms of camellia brans, the night before last is said that camellia bran soaks in sterilization, within second day, first on the water surface, spreads quicklime, after 3 hours, then splash camellia bran in the full pool.
Cultivate water flea: before shrimp seedling puts 2 weeks in a suitable place to breed, prepare nutritious bait will to shrimp seedling, water flea is small-sized flotation crustaceans, be evenly distributed in pond, not polluted water, travelling speed is slow, be convenient to the predation of shrimp seedling, so before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, first can throw in the pig manure of 250 kilograms every mu in pond, regularly stir to breed water flea.
Desalination shrimp seedling: the shrimp seedling of 0.5 ~ 0.8 centimetre that transport comes is put in the good seawater of configured in advance; the salinity of this seawater and the seawater error of fortune shrimp seedling are 0 ~ 3 ‰; the temperature difference is at 0 ~ 2 degree Celsius; treat shrimp seedling normal activity; after conforming; increase the fresh water of 10% of seawater total amount every day, through 10 days, emerge when salinity drops to 3 ‰.
Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed: by the end of May, in pond, water temperature stability is 20 ~ 23 degrees Celsius time, select body surface cleaning, glossy, appendage is complete, tail fan separately, two antennas often close up and the shrimp seedling that can move about against the current, first use salinity be 6 ‰ salt solution it is carried out disinfection, then put in a suitable place to breed in pond with the quantity of every mu of 50,000 tails.
Rationally throw something and feed: prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in a week after putting in a suitable place to breed are main, the bait of throwing something and feeding after one week containing 25% crude protein is main, and when every morning 8 and respectively throw something and feed once at 17 in afternoon, afternoon, feeding capacity was 70% of whole day feeding capacity; When shrimp grows to 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed a night; When shrimp grows to after 10 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed twice night.
Wheel catches out the pool: mid-August, picks out the shrimp supply market of more than 10 centimetres every other month, to all fishing for up by the end of October.
Embodiment 2:
The whole pool: thoroughly remove mud, filling cracks and the leak in pond.
Clean up the pond: before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 15 days, stirring and dissolving after mixing according to the appropriate shrimp crab protectant of the large young pathbreaker in pond and the 15 times of concentration saline solution that is 10 ‰, and leave standstill and splash to full pond after 1 hour.
Kind of planting submerged plant: every square metre, surrounding phytal zone, pond plantation 5 waterweeds, waterweed to the area coverage in whole pond 50%.
Water filling: the fresh water that injection 2.5 meters is dark in pond, and use quicklime and camellia bran to sterilize to fresh water, every mu of 70 kilograms of quicklimes, 45 kilograms of camellia brans, the night before last is said that camellia bran soaks in sterilization, within second day, first on the water surface, spreads quicklime, after 4 hours, then splash camellia bran in the full pool.
Cultivate water flea: before shrimp seedling puts 2 weeks in a suitable place to breed, in pond, throw in the pig manure of 300 kilograms every mu, regularly stir to breed water flea.
Desalination shrimp seedling: the shrimp seedling of 0.5 ~ 0.8 centimetre that transport comes is put in the good seawater of configured in advance; the salinity of this seawater and the seawater error of fortune shrimp seedling are 0 ~ 3 ‰; the temperature difference is at 0 ~ 2 degree Celsius; treat shrimp seedling normal activity; after conforming; increase the fresh water of 15% of seawater total amount every day, through 9 days, emerge when salinity drops to 2 ‰.
Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed: by the end of May, in pond, water temperature stability is 20 ~ 23 degrees Celsius time, and first use salinity is the salt solution prawn seedling sterilization of 5 ‰, is then put in a suitable place to breed in pond with the quantity of every mu of 5.5 ten thousand tails.
Rationally throw something and feed: prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in a week after putting in a suitable place to breed are main, the bait of throwing something and feeding after one week containing 30% crude protein is main, and when every morning 9 and respectively throw something and feed once at 18 in afternoon, afternoon, feeding capacity was 75% of whole day feeding capacity; When shrimp grows to 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed a night; When shrimp grows to after 10 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed twice night.
Wheel catches out the pool: mid-August, picks out the shrimp supply market of more than 10 centimetres every other month, to all fishing for up by the end of October.
Embodiment 3:
The whole pool: thoroughly remove mud, filling cracks and the leak in pond.
Clean up the pond: before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed 15 days, stirring and dissolving after mixing according to the appropriate shrimp crab protectant of the large young pathbreaker in pond and the 20 times of concentration saline solution that is 9 ‰, and leave standstill and splash to full pond after 1 hour.
Kind of planting submerged plant: every square metre, surrounding phytal zone, pond plantation 6 waterweeds, waterweed to the area coverage in whole pond 45%.
Water filling: the fresh water that injection 3 meters is dark in pond, and use quicklime and camellia bran to sterilize to fresh water, every mu of 75 kilograms of quicklimes, 50 kilograms of camellia brans, the night before last is said that camellia bran soaks in sterilization, within second day, first on the water surface, spreads quicklime, after 4 hours, then splash camellia bran in the full pool.
Cultivate water flea: before shrimp seedling puts 2 weeks in a suitable place to breed, in pond, throw in the pig manure of 250 kilograms every mu, regularly stir to breed water flea.
Desalination shrimp seedling: the shrimp seedling of 0.5 ~ 0.8 centimetre that transport comes is put in the good seawater of configured in advance; the salinity of this seawater and the seawater error of fortune shrimp seedling are 0 ~ 3 ‰; the temperature difference is at 0 ~ 2 degree Celsius; treat shrimp seedling normal activity; after conforming; increase the fresh water of 20% of seawater total amount every day, through 8 days, emerge when salinity drops to 1 ‰.
Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed: at the beginning of 6 months, in pond, water temperature stability is 20 ~ 23 degrees Celsius time, and first use salinity is the salt solution prawn seedling sterilization of 4 ‰, is then put in a suitable place to breed in pond with the quantity of every mu of 60,000 tails.
Rationally throw something and feed: prawn slice of throwing something and feeding in a week after putting in a suitable place to breed are main, the bait of throwing something and feeding after one week containing 35% crude protein is main, and when every morning 9 and respectively throw something and feed once at 17 in afternoon, afternoon, feeding capacity was 80% of whole day feeding capacity; When shrimp grows to 2.5 ~ 3.5 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed a night; When shrimp grows to after 10 centimetres, increase and throw something and feed twice night.
Wheel catches out the pool: mid-August, picks out the shrimp supply market of more than 10 centimetres every other month, to all fishing for up by the end of October.
Because the fresh water ecological cultivation method of Penaeus Vannmei in the respective embodiments described above does not use chemicals as far as possible, do not change water in a large number, high to ensure the Penaeus Vannmei survival rate cultivating out, resistance against diseases is strong, fast growth, mouthfeel is more delicious, to obtain larger economic benefit.
Persons of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate that the respective embodiments described above realize specific embodiments of the invention, and in actual applications, various change can be done to it in the form and details, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.