CN102415346A - Fresh water aquaculture method for penaeus vannamei - Google Patents
Fresh water aquaculture method for penaeus vannamei Download PDFInfo
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- CN102415346A CN102415346A CN2011102592749A CN201110259274A CN102415346A CN 102415346 A CN102415346 A CN 102415346A CN 2011102592749 A CN2011102592749 A CN 2011102592749A CN 201110259274 A CN201110259274 A CN 201110259274A CN 102415346 A CN102415346 A CN 102415346A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fresh water aquaculture method for penaeus vannamei. The fresh water aquaculture method comprises the following steps of: preparing a penaeus vannamei pond; desalting penaeus vannamei larvae; improving the immunity of the penaeus vannamei by using Chinese herbal medicines; regulating and controlling the water quality; biologically preventing and controlling; and daily managing and harvesting the penaeus vannamei. The fresh water aquaculture method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: artificially enclosing colored cloth at corners of a fish pond to form a desalination box; artificially configuring chemical raw materials into sea water in the desalination box and gradually desalting the sea water to form fresh water; enabling the penaeus vannamei larvae to gradually adapt to the growth in the fresh water; carrying out health care in the growth process by adopting the Chinese herbal medicines researched by Zhongshan University; and controlling the water body by using a clarias leather or grass carp to prevent pests from being spread. Under the condition of sufficient feed, the penaeus vannamei can quickly and healthily grow. The fresh water aquaculture method is simple, easy in operation and convenient in popularization and application; according to the breeding demonstration of 68 popularizing demonstration sites with 2000mu in Li county of Hunan Province, 400-600 kilos of penaeus vannamei are produced in each mu, the production value is 12800-19200yuan, the profit is 8000-12000yuan of each mu and the cultivation success rate reaches 100 percent; and the fresh water aquaculture method is deeply favored by local farmers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of freshwater aquiculture method of Penaeus Vannmei, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei, the formal name used at school Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low belongs to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, Penaeidae, Penaeus, is wide temperature eurysalinity torrid zone shrimps.Be commonly called as: white limb shrimp, white shrimp, mean lifetime at least can be above 32 months.The length of adult can reach 24cm, and crust is thinner, and normal body colour is shallow cinerous, and whole body is not had a speckle.Step often is the chalk shape, so the title of white limb shrimp is arranged;
The Penaeus Vannmei delicious meat, the processing dressing percentage can be up to 67%, and comfort zone is wide; Growth is fast, and resistance against diseases is strong, can under 18-32 ℃ of temperature, grow; It is wide to fit the salt scope, can under salinity 1-40 ‰ condition, grow, but be a kind of kind of good fresh water breed.Penaeus Vannmei is one of three the highest big shrimps of world today's cultured output.It originates in marine site, South America pacific rim, and in 1992 professor Zhang Weiquan of the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences takes the lead in introducing this shrimp by the U.S., and but broken through the pass of growing seedlings, from the lab scale to the pilot scale, culture until promoting throughout the country.Economize or autonomous region progressively promotes breed in my Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei etc. at present.All there are shrimp seedling, shrimp nauplius or the supply of material of close shrimp in ground such as China Xiamen, the North Sea, Nanning and Guangzhou.Dongting Lake waters, Hunan is wide, and temperature is suitable, but does not also see and culture successful report, vast aquaculture family and the shrimp food fan hoped that urgently Penaeus Vannmei can be cultured in the waters, Hunan and listing is supplied.
Summary of the invention
There is not Penaeus Vannmei to culture the above-mentioned defective in place for overcoming existing Dongting Lake waters, Hunan; The environmental advantage in performance Dongting Lake waters, Hunan; The present invention provides a kind of freshwater aquiculture method of Penaeus Vannmei; To satisfy vast aquaculture family and, to promote the economic development of society and the raising of living standards of the people to shrimp food fan's eager desire.
For solving its technical problem, the Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture method that the present invention adopts comprises the steps:
1., prepare on the shrimp pool: comprise and shine the pool, sterilize, leave nothing usable to the invading enemy, intake and train water;
2., the desalination of shrimp seedling: annual June is to July; Buy body length from Penaeus Vannmei breeding center and be the shrimp seedling of 0.4-0.6 cm; Put it in advance with in the colour bar cloth desalination case that a jiao surrounds on the shrimp pool, the volume of casing is the 50-100 cubic meter, depth of water 0.5-1.0 rice; Dispose artificial seawater in the casing, collocation method is that every cubic metre of fresh water is put into Nacl
20.1-0.5 kilogram
,H
3BO
30.2-0.5 kilogram, MgSO
40.1-0.5 kilogram, NaBr
2:0.01-0.1 kilogram, CaCl
2:The 1-5 kilogram, KCL: 1-5 kilogram, micro-0.5-1 kilogram; Stir simultaneously fully all with; With the method that adds fresh water the artificial seawater salinity in the desalination water tank is descended gradually then; With the salinity of the 0.1-0.2% that descends every day, 10-12 days with salinity drop to 0 the degree, at last the shrimp seedling is put into the shrimp pool; Attention: in whole desalination process, must carry out continual continuous charge oxygenation in 24 hours;
3., improve the immunity of prawn with Chinese herbal medicine: after prawn is put into the shrimp pool 45 days, use every day by the throw something and feed antiviral Chinese herb feed additive of oceanography institute of Zhongshan University exploitation of 0.2% amount, to improve survival rate and the resistance against diseases of prawn;
4., regulating and controlling water quality threw in a beneficial bacterium in every 10-15 of middle and later periods days culturing, injected volume is every cubic metre of 1.5-2.5 g, in order to removing the harmful substance in the water, like NH
3, NO
2, suppress the long breeding in mountain of harmful bacterium and algae simultaneously;
5., biological prevention and control: in breeding process, throw in clarias lazera or grass carp in right amount, injected volume: clarias lazera is every mu of 50-100 tail, and grass carp is every mu of 30-60 tail, and in order to the sick and weak dead shrimp of hunting, propagation wards off disease;
6., daily management: the desalination of shrimp seedling is thrown something and fed 6 times every day phase, throws something and feeds once in average per 4 hours, and feed is prawn slice; Breed after the shrimp seedling desalination promptly 1-20 days is is in early days thrown something and fed 2 every day, is respectively 6:00 AM to 8 point, puts 7 points at 6 in evening, and feeding volume is per 100,000 tails, 500 grams; Culture the middle and later periods, the number of times of throwing something and feeding every day is increased to 3-4 time, and feeding volume is eaten up in 1.5 hours with feed in the square-shaped fishing net with poles as supports and is as the criterion; In addition; During the breed, make an inspection tour at least 3 times and test and write down pool and the water quality situation, measured the long and body weight of body of a prawn in per 10 days except that manual work every day; Also culturing in early days; Every morning 2:00 comes out to the sun, and every afternoon, 1:00-2:00 opened aerator one hour once more, to stir water body; Culture the middle and later periods, except that the bait throwing in time, open aerator all day, stop material rainy day and open aerator;
7., prawn results: the results of prawn are generally fished for morning with trawlnet, lobster basket; Because prawn promptly stops growing in no longer feed below 18 ℃, water temperature is 7 ℃ of death that can cause prawn, so will receive the shrimp listing by the end of October.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following outstanding feature and obvious improvement: 1, the characteristics of this method are to surround the desalination case with colour bar cloth in the manual work of corner, fish pond, in this desalination case, become seawater and progressively desalinate into fresh water with the industrial chemicals human configuration; Make the shrimp seedling progressively be adapted to the fresh water growth; And in process of growth, adopt the Chinese herbal medicine of Zhongshan University's development to keep healthy, with clarias lazera or grass carp control water body, prevent the damage by disease and insect propagation; Under the condition of sufficient feed; Can make the healthy fast growth of Penaeus Vannmei, this method is simple, processing ease, and is easy to utilize; 2, because of Penaeus Vannmei growth is fast, delicious meat, the processing dressing percentage can be up to 67%, so its output is high, in demand, can bring good economic benefits and social benefit for the fishman.Promote the breed demonstration of 2000 mu of demonstration pilot projects at 68 families, Lixian County, changde, hunan province city according to 2010-2011 the applicant; Per mu yield prawn 400-600 kilogram as a result, output value 12800-19200 unit, every mu of 8000-12000 unit of profit; Culture success rate and reach 100%, welcome by local peasant.
Embodiment
The Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture method of demonstration pilot project is promoted in the breed of below introducing 2000 mu at 68 families, Lixian County, changde, hunan province city of 2010-2011 the applicant, and it comprises the steps:
1., prepare on the shrimp pool: comprise and shine the pool, sterilize, leave nothing usable to the invading enemy, intake and train water;
2., the desalination of shrimp seedling: annual June is to July; Buy body length from Penaeus Vannmei breeding center and be the shrimp seedling of 0.4-0.6 cm; Put it in advance with in the colour bar cloth desalination case that a jiao surrounds on the shrimp pool, the volume of casing is the 50-100 cubic meter, depth of water 0.5-1.0 rice; Dispose artificial seawater in the casing, collocation method is that every cubic metre of fresh water is put into Nacl
20.1-0.5 kilogram
,H
3BO
30.2-0.5 kilogram, MgSO
40.1-0.5 kilogram, NaBr
2:0.01-0.1 kilogram, CaCl
2:The 1-5 kilogram, KCL: 1-5 kilogram; The micro-0.5-1 kilogram of iron content, manganese, zinc, calcium, potassium and magnesium elements; Stir simultaneously fully all with; With the method that adds fresh water the artificial seawater salinity in the desalination water tank is descended gradually then; With the salinity of the 0.1-0.2% that descends every day, 10-12 days with salinity drop to 0 the degree, at last the shrimp seedling is put into the shrimp pool; Attention: in whole desalination process, must carry out continual continuous charge oxygenation in 24 hours;
3., improve the immunity of prawn with Chinese herbal medicine: after prawn is put into the shrimp pool 45 days; Use every day by the throw something and feed antiviral Chinese herb feed additive that contains the capsule of weeping forsythia, reed rhizome, root tuber of aromatic turmeric, the wind-weed, grass-leaved sweetflag and Pogostemon cablin of oceanography institute of Zhongshan University exploitation of 0.2% amount, to improve survival rate and the resistance against diseases of prawn;
4., regulating and controlling water quality threw in once like the beneficial bacterium of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus or lactobacillus acidophilus culturing in every 10-15 of middle and later periods days, injected volume is every cubic metre of 1.5-2.5 g, in order to the harmful substance in the removal water, like NH
3, NO
2, suppress the long breeding in mountain of harmful bacterium and algae simultaneously;
5., biological prevention and control: in breeding process, throw in clarias lazera or grass carp in right amount, injected volume: clarias lazera is every mu of 50-100 tail, and grass carp is every mu of 30-60 tail, and in order to the sick and weak dead shrimp of hunting, propagation wards off disease;
6., daily management: the desalination of shrimp seedling is thrown something and fed 6 times every day phase, throws something and feeds once in average per 4 hours, and feed is prawn slice; Breed after the shrimp seedling desalination promptly 1-20 days is is in early days thrown something and fed 2 every day, is respectively 6:00 AM to 8 point, puts 7 points at 6 in evening, and feeding volume is per 100,000 tails, 500 grams; Culture the middle and later periods, the number of times of throwing something and feeding every day is increased to 3-4 time, and feeding volume is eaten up in 1.5 hours with feed in the square-shaped fishing net with poles as supports and is as the criterion; In addition; During the breed, make an inspection tour at least 3 times and test and write down pool and the water quality situation, measured the long and body weight of body of a prawn in per 10 days except that manual work every day; Also culturing in early days; Every morning 2:00 comes out to the sun, and every afternoon, 1:00-2:00 opened aerator one hour once more, to stir water body; Culture the middle and later periods, except that the bait throwing in time, open aerator all day, stop material rainy day and open aerator;
7., prawn results: the results of prawn are generally fished for morning with trawlnet, lobster basket; Because prawn promptly stops growing in no longer feed below 18 ℃, water temperature is 7 ℃ of death that can cause prawn, so will receive the shrimp listing by the end of October.
Claims (4)
1. the freshwater aquiculture method of a Penaeus Vannmei, it is characterized in that: said cultural method comprises the steps:
1., prepare on the shrimp pool: comprise and shine the pool, sterilize, leave nothing usable to the invading enemy, intake and train water;
2., the desalination of shrimp seedling: annual June is to July; Buy body length from Penaeus Vannmei breeding center and be the shrimp seedling of 0.4-0.6 cm; Put it in advance with in the colour bar cloth desalination case that a jiao surrounds on the shrimp pool, the volume of casing is the 50-100 cubic meter, depth of water 0.5-1.0 rice; Dispose artificial seawater in the casing, collocation method is that every cubic metre of fresh water is put into Nacl
20.1-0.5 kilogram
,H
3BO
30.2-0.5 kilogram, MgSO
40.1-0.5 kilogram, NaBr
2:0.01-0.1 kilogram, CaCl
2:The 1-5 kilogram, KCL: 1-5 kilogram, micro-0.5-1 kilogram; Stir simultaneously fully all with; With the method that adds fresh water the artificial seawater salinity in the desalination water tank is descended gradually then; With the salinity of the 0.1-0.2% that descends every day, 10-12 days with salinity drop to 0 the degree, at last the shrimp seedling is put into the shrimp pool; Attention: in whole desalination process, must carry out continual continuous charge oxygenation in 24 hours;
3., improve the immunity of prawn with Chinese herbal medicine: after prawn is put into the shrimp pool 45 days, use every day by the throw something and feed antiviral Chinese herb feed additive of oceanography institute of Zhongshan University exploitation of 0.2% amount, to improve survival rate and the resistance against diseases of prawn;
4., regulating and controlling water quality threw in a beneficial bacterium in every 10-15 of middle and later periods days culturing, injected volume is every cubic metre of 1.5-2.5 g, in order to removing the harmful substance in the water, like NH
3, NO
2, suppress the long breeding in mountain of harmful bacterium and algae simultaneously;
5., biological prevention and control: in breeding process, throw in clarias lazera or grass carp in right amount, injected volume: clarias lazera is every mu of 50-100 tail, and grass carp is every mu of 30-60 tail, and in order to nibble the sick and weak dead shrimp of food, propagation wards off disease;
6., daily management: the desalination of shrimp seedling is thrown something and fed 6 times every day phase, throws something and feeds once in average per 4 hours, and feed is prawn slice; Breed after the shrimp seedling desalination promptly 1-20 days is is in early days thrown something and fed 2 every day, is respectively 6:00 AM to 8 point, puts 7 points at 6 in evening, and feeding volume is per 100,000 tails, 500 grams; Culture the middle and later periods, the number of times of throwing something and feeding every day is increased to 3-4 time, and feeding volume is eaten up in 1.5 hours with feed in the square-shaped fishing net with poles as supports and is as the criterion; In addition; During the breed, make an inspection tour at least 3 times and test and write down pool and the water quality situation, measured the long and body weight of body of a prawn in per 10 days except that manual work every day; Also culturing in early days; Every morning 2:00 comes out to the sun, and every afternoon, 1:00-2:00 opened aerator one hour once more, to stir water body; Culture the middle and later periods, except that the bait throwing in time, open aerator all day, stop material rainy day and open aerator;
7., prawn results: the results of prawn are generally fished for morning with trawlnet, lobster basket; Because prawn promptly stops growing in no longer feed below 18 ℃, water temperature is 7 ℃ of death that can cause prawn, so will receive the shrimp listing by the end of October.
2. according to the freshwater aquiculture method of the said Penaeus Vannmei of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said trace element is iron, manganese, zinc, calcium, potassium and magnesium elements.
3. according to the freshwater aquiculture method of the said Penaeus Vannmei of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said beneficial bacterium is photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus or lactobacillus acidophilus.
4. according to the freshwater aquiculture method of the said Penaeus Vannmei of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the composition of the antiviral Chinese herb feed additive of said mountain oceanography institute of university exploitation is: the capsule of weeping forsythia, reed rhizome, root tuber of aromatic turmeric, the wind-weed, grass-leaved sweetflag and Pogostemon cablin.
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| CN103109759A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-05-22 | 隆昌田园水产养殖有限公司 | Freshwater aquaculture method of litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103270985A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-04 | 东台市旺通农业发展有限公司 | High-efficiency ecological breeding method for South American white shrimps |
| CN103583880A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-19 | 上海永凡生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fermentation feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103843703A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-11 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Penaeus vannamei boone low-salinity culturing method |
| CN104137797A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-12 | 苏州市新泾村农业基地专业合作社 | Ecological freshwater farming method for penaeus vannamei boone |
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| CN104686408A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Disease comprehensive prevention and control method for greenhouse-cultured penaeus vannamei |
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| CN105104261A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-02 | 邱文娟 | Polyculture method for grass carp and penaeus vannamei |
| CN105249022A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江锦天生物科技有限公司 | Compound micro-ecological feed additives for litopenaeus vannamei |
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| CN103109759A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-05-22 | 隆昌田园水产养殖有限公司 | Freshwater aquaculture method of litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103270985A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-04 | 东台市旺通农业发展有限公司 | High-efficiency ecological breeding method for South American white shrimps |
| CN103270985B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2015-03-25 | 东台市旺通农业发展有限公司 | High-efficiency ecological breeding method for South American white shrimps |
| CN103583880B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-08 | 上海永凡生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fermentation feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN103583880A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-19 | 上海永凡生物科技有限公司 | Microbial fermentation feed for litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN104686408B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2017-01-11 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Disease comprehensive prevention and control method for greenhouse-cultured penaeus vannamei |
| CN104686408A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Disease comprehensive prevention and control method for greenhouse-cultured penaeus vannamei |
| CN103843703B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-12-30 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei low salinity stocking method |
| CN103843703A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-06-11 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Penaeus vannamei boone low-salinity culturing method |
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| CN108522362A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei multi items pond polyculture method |
| CN110583558A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-20 | 陕西壹加壹农业科技发展有限公司 | Pond internal desalting device for penaeus vannamei boone culture and using method thereof |
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