CN103583880A - Microbial fermentation feed for litopenaeus vannamei - Google Patents
Microbial fermentation feed for litopenaeus vannamei Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial fermentation feed for litopenaeus vannamei. The microbial fermentation feed is prepared by the following specific steps: after fully mixing photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus, adding brown sugar and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; uniformly spraying the mixture A on a commercially available feed for litopenaeus vannamei to obtain a mixture B; filling the mixture B in a sealed container, and sealing at a normal temperature for fermenting, wherein the fermentation is completed when the temperature of the center of the sealed container rises to 45 DEG C; and taking out a fermented mixture B, air-drying and bagging to obtain the microbial fermentation feed for the litopenaeus vannamei. The microbial fermentation feed for the litopenaeus vannamei, provided by the invention, is suitable for a later charging amount rapid-increasing stage during aquaculture of the litopenaeus vannamei, and is a health care functional feed product which has the functions of increasing the feed utilization rate and the digestibility, protecting the liver of the litopenaeus vannamei and promoting the intestinal bacterium equilibrium.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Nutrition and Feed of Aquatic Animals field of aquaculture, be specifically related to a kind of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe.
Background technology
Cultivation South America prawn has fast growth, adaptable, output advantages of higher, has become one of topmost breed variety of China's shrimps.But in high density industrialization, support in shrimp process, ammonia, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide that in feed, high protein material forms the pollution of water body, shrimp excreta often cause the large quantities of Mortalities of prawn to the pollution of water body.For the disease control in breeding process, conventional technological treatment, is mainly to use in a large number the disinfectants such as antibiotic, quaternary ammonium salt, Operand, not only heavy damage the ecological balance, simultaneously can be residual in shrimp body, healthy by the direct harm humans of food chain.Along with the development of prawn culturing technology, there is in recent years aquatic microorganisms preparation, by using viable bacteria to breeding water body, when regulating breeding water body, regulate prawn alimentary canal microecological balance, prevent the generation of disease, replace antibiotic and disinfectant etc.Meanwhile, in order to improve the utilization rate of feed and to promote digestion, often utilize microorganism to process feed.By the retrieval to existing document, find, the Chinese invention patent application that publication number is CN1463615A discloses a kind of microbial activity prawn feed and production method thereof; This microbial activity prawn feed is that the microbial activity filtrate being mixed by bacillus subtilis bacteriological filtration liquid, lichens gemma bar bacteriological filtration liquid, brewer's yeast bacteriological filtration liquid, the red false unit cell bacteriological filtration liquid in marsh, dry acid lactic acid bacteriological filtration liquid is sprayed on to feed granules surface, dries and obtains.Wherein, microbial activity filtrate complicated process of preparation, and filtrate spraying need to complete in whirligig, causes whole production process production cost high, is unfavorable for that practical application promotes.The Chinese invention patent that Granted publication number is CN101088362B provides fish and shrimp phagostimulant that tunning adhesion protein produces and preparation method thereof, the use of betaine, antioxidant in substitute feed completely.This phagostimulant is Cheesecake lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, the false silk of false gastral cavity ferment composition, wherein Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium are to take in healthy crucian enteron aisle chyme to obtain as the separation of bacterium source, purifying, preparation, there is equally complicated process of preparation, be unfavorable for the defect that practical application is promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, a kind of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe is provided.This feed is applicable to the culture of Penaeus vannamei middle and later periods throwing amount of raising rapid increase stage, is to improve efficiency of feed utilization and digestibility, protection Penaeus Vannmei liver, a kind of heath-function feed product of promotion enteric bacteria balance.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe, described fermentative feedstuff of microbe is to be obtained by the method preparation comprising the steps:
A, photosynthetic bacteria is fully mixed with bacillus after, add brown sugar to mix, obtain mixture A;
B, described mixture A is evenly sprayed on commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, obtains mixture B;
C, described mixture B is packed in airtight container, normal temperature sealing and fermenting, when described airtight container central temperature rises to 45 ℃, fermentation completes;
Mixture B after D, taking-up fermentation, air-dry, pack, obtains described product of microorganism fermented forage.
Preferably, the bacterial classification concentration of described photosynthetic bacteria be 40,000,000,000/more than ml.
Preferably, described photosynthetic bacteria is Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris).
Preferably, in described bacillus, gemma content is more than 20,000,000,000/gram.
Preferably, described bacillus is bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis).。
Preferably, described brown sugar is feed grade brown sugar.
Preferably, the weight ratio of described photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and brown sugar is 6～7:3～4:1～1.5.
Preferably, the weight ratio of described commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed and mixture A is 28～30:1～1.5.
Preferably, in described commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, crude protein weight percent content is more than 38%.
Preferably, described commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed is Penaeus Vannmei particulate material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, brown sugar to mix with commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, can ferment at normal temperatures, and zymotechnique is simple, and production cost is lower, and raiser, is conducive to practical application and promotes with regard to energy self manufacture on limit, pond;
2, the present invention adopts simple zymotechnique can make photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed realize complete fermentation; thereby performance microbial activity; realize and improve efficiency of feed utilization and digestibility, protection Penaeus Vannmei liver, promotes the effects such as enteric bacteria balance.
If the fermented feed product that 3, the present invention produces can not be ingested by shrimps after dropping into pond, the photosynthetic bacteria and the bacillus that are adsorbed in feed will continue breeding in pond, feed are effectively decomposed, to reduce the pollution to cultivation water environment.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment relates to a kind of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe, the main component of this feed is: photosynthetic bacteria one Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris), bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis), Penaeus Vannmei commercial feed is (more than crude protein content 38wt%, No. 1 particulate material of Penaeus Vannmei), brown sugar; Its preparation method is specific as follows:
Step 1, photosynthetic bacteria is fully mixed with bacillus after, add brown sugar to mix, obtain mixture A;
Step 2, described mixture A is evenly sprayed on commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, obtains mixture B;
Step 3, described mixture B is loaded in the plastics garden bucket of good airproof performance, feed in bucket is bulldozed after compacting gently with plastic sheeting lid, then seals after filling up barrel interior space with old cotton-wadded quilt;
Step 4, normal temperature sealing and fermenting, monitoring temperature has fermented when the rising of Plastic Drum central temperature reaches 45 ℃ in real time;
Mixture B after step 5, taking-up fermentation, air-dry, after adhesion between feed granules, be loaded in fiber dress, obtain described product of microorganism fermented forage.
In above-mentioned steps one, fermentation by bacterial classification concentration requirement is: a, 40,000,000,000/ml of photosynthetic bacteria concentration, b, bacillus, 20,000,000,000/gram of gemma content.The consumption of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, brown sugar and commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed is as shown in table 1.
embodiment 2～4
Embodiment 2～4 is with embodiment 1, and institute's difference is the consumption of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, brown sugar and commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, specifically in Table 1.
Table 1
| Composition | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Penaeus Vannmei commercial feed (crude protein 38%) | 150 kilograms | 165 kilograms | 125 kilograms | 150 kilograms |
| Photosynthetic bacteria | 3 kilograms | 3.5 kilogram | 3.5 kilogram | 3.25 kilogram |
| Bacillus | 2 kilograms | 1.5 kilogram | 2 kilograms | 1.75 kilogram |
| Brown sugar | 0.5 kilogram | 0.5 kilogram | 0.75 | 1.2 kilogram |
embodiment 5, growth indexes experiment
The object of the present embodiment is that research adopts the impact of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe of the present invention on prawn growth indexes; Concrete contrast test is as follows:
Adopt filtration cycle water system to carry out culture of Penaeus vannamei test, the specification of each cultivating water box is 50 * 80cm.If 4 experimental group and a control group, establish 3 repetitions (each cultivating water box is 1 repetition) for every group, throw in 100 tail Penaeus Vannmeis (get the bid in pond thick 35 days, average weight is the long 2.62 ± 0.08cm of 0.32g ± 0.03g body).Throw something and feed the respectively fermentative feedstuff of microbe of embodiment 1～4 of experimental group, throw something and feed No. 1, basal feed one Penaeus Vannmei of control group.With filtration cycle water machine circulation 2～4h, purify water noon every day, changes weekly the water in half bucket.It is between 24.5～28.9 ℃ that experimental session is controlled water temperature, 24h inflation.Through cultivation in 45 days, measure respectively prawn weight, body length, survival rate and the efficiency of feed utilization of respectively organizing each repetition, as shown in table 2:
Table 2
| Growth indexes | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Control group |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 2197.45±83.51 b | 2219.94±31.81 b | 2281.61kll4.61 b | 2257.38±57.57 b | 1823.51±48.25 a |
| Growth rate (%) | 214.85±4.26 b | 212.84±3.94 b | 219.75±4.08 b | 217.75±10.05 b | 174.61±4.33 a |
| Survival rate (%) | 87.33±1.52 b | 92.00±1.01 bc | 94.00±3.62 a | 93.00±5.00 c | 73.00±5.01 a |
| Feed coefficient | 0.87±0.02 a | 0.91±0.05 a | 0.89±0.05 a | 0.91±0.02 a | 1.25±0.05 b |
In table 2, data are the mean value of three repetitions, with tool in a line different letter representation significant difference (p<0.05), wherein a (b (c.As shown in Table 2, adopted each each growth indexes of experimental group prawn of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe of the present invention than the remarkable improvement of control group; Result shows that this feed is applicable to the culture of Penaeus vannamei middle and later periods throwing amount of raising rapid increase stage, can significantly improve efficiency of feed utilization and digestibility.
comparative example 1～2
The object of this comparative example is to study the impact of photosynthetic bacteria of the present invention on Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe effect.This comparative example 1 is on the basis of embodiment 1, adopts the bacillus of equivalent to replace photosynthetic bacteria; Comparative example 2 is to adopt another kind of commercial goods photosynthetic bacteria to replace the photosynthetic bacteria in embodiment 1.
Adopt the method for embodiment 5, the impact of the feed that relatively comparative example 1,2 and embodiment 1 make on prawn growth indexes, result is as shown in table 3:
Table 3
| Growth indexes | Embodiment 1 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 2197.45±83.51 | 1968.68±89.65 | 1886.56±69.66 | 1825±65.32 |
| Growth rate (%) | 214.85±4.26 | 197.32±63.21 | 186.35±36.54 | 182.35±56.24 |
| Survival rate (%) | 87.33±1.52 | 79.45±6.31 | 76.32±2.32 | 72.36±6.34 |
| Feed coefficient | 0.87±0.02 | 1.01±0.03 | 0.96±0.06 | 1.18±0.07 |
As shown in Table 3, comparative example 1,2 is compared with embodiment 1, the growth indexes of comparative example 1 is the poorest, the growth indexes of embodiment 1 is best, photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus compatibility are described, play synergy, can better promote enteric bacteria balance, improve efficiency of feed utilization and digestibility, be also beneficial to protection Penaeus Vannmei liver simultaneously; Comparative example 2 is poor compared with embodiment 1, illustrates in the present invention, specific photosynthetic bacteria and bacillus compatibility, and competence exertion goes out best synergy.
comparative example 3
The object of this comparative example is to study the effect that brown sugar of the present invention plays.This comparative example is to remove brown sugar on the basis of embodiment 1.
The same method that adopts embodiment 5, the impact of the feed that relatively comparative example 3 and embodiment 1 make on prawn growth indexes, the results are shown in Table 3, in table 3, the growth indexes of comparative example 3 is the poorest, explanation is not in the situation that there is no brown sugar, photosynthetic bacteria of the present invention and bacillus cannot fermentation finished thoroughly1s, thereby cause performance sharply to decline.
comparative example 4
The method of traditional bacterial classification of directly throwing something and feeding in shrimp pond that this comparative example adopts, concrete is throw something and feed photosynthetic bacteria of the present invention and bacillus, bacterial classification consumption is with embodiment 1; The step of specifically throwing something and feeding is: in shrimp pond, directly throw something and feed photosynthetic bacteria of the present invention and bacillus, every 5 days, select fine day 10 left and right in the morning, and by every mu of (the 1.5m depth of water) 10kg, complete evenly splash in pond.
It is between 24.5～28.9 ℃ that experimental session is controlled water temperature, 24h inflation.Through cultivation in 45 days, measure prawn weight, body length, survival rate and the efficiency of feed utilization of each repetition of this comparative example, as shown in table 4:
Table 4
| Growth indexes | Embodiment 1 | Comparative example 4 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 2197.45±83.51 | 1987±95.43 |
| Growth rate (%) | 214.85±4.26 | 198±3.21 |
| Survival rate (%) | 87.33±1.52 | 70±1.46 |
| Feed coefficient | 0.87±0.02 | 1.02±0.12 |
Can be clear and definite by table 4, adopted each growth indexes of prawn of Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe of the present invention significantly to improve than the comparative example 4 of traditional bacterial classification of directly throwing something and feeding in shrimp pond; Illustrate that feed of the present invention can significantly improve efficiency of feed utilization and digestibility.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, and those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe, is characterized in that, described fermentative feedstuff of microbe is to be obtained by the method preparation comprising the steps:
A, photosynthetic bacteria is fully mixed with bacillus after, add brown sugar to mix, obtain mixture A;
B, described mixture A is evenly sprayed on commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, obtains mixture B;
C, described mixture B is packed in airtight container, normal temperature sealing and fermenting, when described airtight container central temperature rises to 45 ℃, fermentation completes;
Mixture B after D, taking-up fermentation, air-dry, pack, obtains described product of microorganism fermented forage.
2. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bacterial classification concentration of described photosynthetic bacteria be 40,000,000,000/more than ml.
3. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described photosynthetic bacteria is Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Rhodop seudanonas palustris).
4. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described bacillus, gemma content is more than 20,000,000,000/gram.
5. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described bacillus is bacillus subtilis (Bacillus sub tilis).
6. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described brown sugar is feed grade brown sugar.
7. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus and brown sugar is 6～7:3～4:1～1.5.
8. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the weight ratio of described commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed and mixture A is 28～30:1～1.5.
9. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed, crude protein weight percent content is more than 38%.
10. Penaeus Vannmei fermentative feedstuff of microbe according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described commercial penaeus vannamei boone feed is Penaeus Vannmei particulate material.
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| CN104664164A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-03 | 任芳芳 | Feed additive capable of reducing white spot syndrome virus disease of penaeus vannamei boone |
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| CN107279460A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-10-24 | 兰溪市酉泽饲料技术服务有限公司 | Penaeus Vannmei fermented feed |
| CN107751542A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 荆门市齐笙养殖有限公司 | A kind of culture of Penaeus vannamei feed |
| CN108065135A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-25 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of feed addictive that litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture pond substrate improvement water colour is promoted to improve |
| CN108967743A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | It is a kind of for improving the composite preparation and its preparation method and application of content astaxanthin in white leg Shrimp body |
| CN110710617A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-21 | 青岛尚德生物技术有限公司 | Fermented soft pellet feed for penaeus vannamei boone and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108065135A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-25 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of feed addictive that litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture pond substrate improvement water colour is promoted to improve |
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| CN110710617A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-21 | 青岛尚德生物技术有限公司 | Fermented soft pellet feed for penaeus vannamei boone and preparation method and application thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20150408 Termination date: 20171018 |