CN106577371A - Finless eel breeding pilot feeding method employing baits of different gradient proportions - Google Patents
Finless eel breeding pilot feeding method employing baits of different gradient proportions Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577371A CN106577371A CN201610963302.8A CN201610963302A CN106577371A CN 106577371 A CN106577371 A CN 106577371A CN 201610963302 A CN201610963302 A CN 201610963302A CN 106577371 A CN106577371 A CN 106577371A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 241000158704 Monopterus albus Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000243684 Lumbricus Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000646357 Monopterus cuchia Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001290771 Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000122938 Strongylus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000252073 Anguilliformes Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 241001534231 Glyceridae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000022531 anorexia Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000252087 Anguilla japonica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000371997 Eriocheir sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000736919 Pelodiscus sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000217381 Anodonta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000162910 Cacosternum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256128 Chironomus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256135 Chironomus thummi Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010012335 Dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000720946 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000500891 Insecta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000157886 Monopterus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000382923 Oxya chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000130764 Tinea Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002474 Tinea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030194 mouth disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a finless eel breeding pilot feeding method employing baits of different gradient proportions. According to the invention, four baits including blood worms, earthworms, minced fillets and mixed feed are employed according to different gradient bait proportions in different phases for pilot feeding after eel fry goes into a net cage. By adopting the method, anorexia possibility of finless eels can be reduced, death rate of finless eels is reduced, the weight increasing amount of the finless eels is improved and aims of high yield and good quality are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gradient bait instruction feeding method of culture of swamp eel, belongs to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Under the conditions of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) life out of office, mainly ingest various aquatic insects and its larva, macrozooplankton such as rotifers,
Predation Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Tinea Ranae, froglet, spiral shell, freshwater mussel and small-sized fish and shrimp, the also favourite hobby of addiction terrestrial animal, night often swims offshore side,
Even look for food from bank waterborne, predation Lumbricuss, oxya chinensiss, moth are also simultaneous to eat organic debrises, thread algae and planktonic algae.Due to Huang
The special feeding habits of Chinese yellow eel, only can not meet the needs of large-scale production by fresh and alive biological feed, it is necessary to which domestication feeds hand fit
Feedstuff, Monopterus albus (Zuiew) has just enter in net cage and raises, it is difficult to adapt to environment, takes long enough slowly to adapt to change, if domestication is improper,
Easily produce disease of remaining silent.
Monopterus albus (Zuiew) disease of remaining silent is occurred after Monopterus albus (Zuiew) is by fishing for the operation such as temporary nutrient level nowel mostly, is affected due to weather, water
Matter environment, cultivation density all many reasons, the phenomenon that the artificial foodstuff of refusing to eat often occurs.In order to prevent the generation of case above, rank
The domestication of Duan Xing, staged or gradient type is the practical way for solving problem above.
Blood worm is one of food of wild Monopterus albus (Zuiew), and " blood worm " is chironomus larvas, is to be subordinate to Arthropoda Insecta to shake
The germling of Dulicidae midge, inhabits the bottoms such as lake, pond, small stream ditch, is one of Main Populations of composition Freshwater Zoobenthos.Its
In dry, protein content is 41%～62%, and fat accounts for 2%～8%, rich in various essential amino acids and various required fat
Acid, is one of optimal live bait of the special aquatic products product such as Monopterus albus (Zuiew), anguilla japonica, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, shrimp, Eriocheir sinensiss.
Lumbricuss are also one of food of wild Monopterus albus (Zuiew), and the protein content of Lumbricuss accounts for the 53.5%～65.1% of dry weight, fat
Fat content is about 4.4%～17.38%, and carbohydrate is about 11%～17.4%, ash 7.8%～23%, and Lumbricuss are also yellow
One of optimal live bait of the special aquatic products product such as Chinese yellow eel, anguilla japonica, Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann, shrimp, Eriocheir sinensiss.
Minced fish is one of the most frequently used bait in culture of swamp eel, is generally from minced fish relatively low using market economy value ratio
Fish（Such as Hypophthalmichthys molitrix）, minced fish is worn into using meat grinder strand direct to fish, then add mixed feed and feed together to Monopterus albus (Zuiew).
Patent No. CN104798712A discloses " a kind of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seed raising in cage method ", is related to per cubic metre and uses light
5 grams or so of bacterium is closed, or using 3 grams or so of EM bacterium；After the hatching of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seedling, start within 10 days to feed Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and fish slurry later,
Progressively add buoyancy material feedstuff, its part by weight be Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 30%, fish slurry 30% and pellet 40%, the pellet
For commercially available, daily input bait 2 times, each bait throwing in weight is the 3～4% of Monopteri albi body weight.Its bait has used Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, fish slurry
Expect a feedstuff with, but do not point out that concrete body bait gradient feeds ratio.
Patent No. CN103299941A is disclosed a kind of " a kind of method for cultivating and domesticating monopterus fries ".Input open-mouthed bait
With tame and docile food method：Open-mouthed bait is thrown within the 3rd day after Monopterus albus (Zuiew) Seedling input breeding facility, open-mouthed bait selects Lumbricuss, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, fish
2 kinds in 3 kinds of meat；Preferred version is：Open-mouthed bait uses Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri on the 1st day, weighs 2% by Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seedling body and feeds, and presses Monopterus albus (Zuiew) within the 2nd day
The 5% of seedling body weight feeds, and does not feed within the 3rd day, weighs 5% Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri with Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seedling body within the 4th day and adds the mixed feed of Monopteri albi body weight 1% to mix
After feed, the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri for weighing 2.5% with Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seedling body on the 5th day adds that Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seedling body weighs 2.5% flesh of fish plus mixed feed 2.5% feeds,
Fed with the flesh of fish plus mixed feed within 6th day, later the flesh of fish and mixed feed feed by the 2% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) seedling body weight, and water temperature is less than
20 DEG C reduce feeding amount, until as little as 16 DEG C of water temperature, no longer feeding.The displosure patent is from Lumbricuss, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, 3 kinds of the flesh of fish
In 2 kinds, but do not propose that specific bait gradient feeds ratio yet.
National standard《Pollution-free food:Culture of swamp eel technical specification (NY/T 5169-2002)》And Zhejiang Province's provincial standard
《Culture of swamp eel technical specification (DB33/T 378-2014)》Instruction is raised without specific operational approach, it is only general to explain
State." when taming and dociling feeding beginning, fish slurry, Lumbricuss or Carnis Anodonta seu crislaria are kneaded into 10 % mixed feeds as mentioned in DB33/T 378-2014 standards
Bulk feedstuff is processed into soft material feedstuff or directly admixes expanded pellet feed, then gradually decreases living feed consumption.Jing 5
My god～tame and docile within 7 days and raise, Chinese yellow eel kind can ingest mixed feed ", in practical operation, raiser is often with the experience of oneself, cultivation water
It is flat irregular.If clear and definite bait feeding method will have larger help to culture of swamp eel.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of gradient bait instruction feeding method of culture of swamp eel,
Using the method for " gradient bait feeding " novelty based on feedstuff feeding principle, greatly reduce Monopterus albus (Zuiew) and remain silent the generation of disease,
The mortality rate of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) is reduced, the gain in weight of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) is improve, the purpose of high yield and high quality has been reached.
A kind of gradient bait instruction feeding method of culture of swamp eel of the present invention comprises the following steps：
In Monopterus albus (Zuiew) cage culture, blood worm, Lumbricuss, the minced fish and mixed feed different times after Chinese yellow eel Seedling enters net cage adopt different
Gradient bait ratio is fed, and is comprised the following steps that：
（A）- the 3 day the 1st day after cartonning, any bait is not fed；
（B）The 4th day after cartonning, it is Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri to feed in bait 100%；
（C）- the 13 day the 5th day after cartonning, feed blood worm accounting in bait every other day reduces by 10% from 90%, accounts for the 13rd day
Than reaching 10%；Lumbricuss accounting every other day increases by 10% from 10%, and to the 13rd day accounting 70% is reached；Minced fish accounting was opened from the 10th day
Beginning every other day increases by 5% from 5%, and to the 13rd day accounting 20% is reached；
（D）14 days-the 20 day after cartonning, blood worm no longer feeds；Feed Lumbricuss accounting in bait every other day reduces from 65%
10%, reach 5% to the 20th day accounting；Minced fish accounting every other day increases by 5% from 30%, and to the 20th day accounting 60% is reached；Coordinate and raise
Material accounting every other day increases by 5% from 5%, and to the 20th day accounting 35% is reached；
（E）Such as cultivate location wild fisheses aboundresources, cheap, then after above-mentioned instruction is raised and terminated, into the conventional cultivation stage,
Its operation is：The 21st day after cartonning-cultivation terminates, and feeds minced fish accounting 50%～60% in bait, mixed feed accounting 37%～
47%, the accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant；
（F）Such as cultivate location wild fisheses resource shortage, price high, then instruction is raised and continued, and its operation is：（1）The 21st after cartonning
My god-the 30 day, feed minced fish accounting in bait every other day reduces by 5% from 57%, and to the 30th day accounting 12% is reached；Mixed feed
Accounting every other day increases by 5% from 40%, and to the 30th day accounting 85% is reached；The accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant；（2）The 31st day after cartonning-
Cultivation terminates, and feeds minced fish accounting 12%～30% in bait, and mixed feed accounting 67%～85%, the accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant.
The step（B）And step（C）Middle bait day feeding volume is the 5%～8% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight gross weight；Step（D）In
Bait day feeding volume is the 3%～5% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight gross weight；Step（E）And step（F）Middle bait day feeding volume is Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight
The 1%～3% of gross weight.
Gradient bait feeding ratio is shown in Table 1, situations such as weather, water temperature, water quality and disease are considered as in practical operation etc.,
Different step can with proper extension 1～3 day, therewith the subsequent step time should postpone therewith.Specific cultural method is with reference to country
Standard《Pollution-free food:Culture of swamp eel technical specification（NY/T 5169-2002）》Carry out actual production operation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Feeding method being instructed using gradient bait of the present invention and can reducing Monopterus albus (Zuiew) remain silent the product of disease
It is raw, the survival rate of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) is improve, the gain in weight of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) is improve, reach the purpose of high yield and high quality.
Specific embodiment
A kind of gradient bait instruction feeding method of culture of swamp eel, is in Monopterus albus (Zuiew) cage culture, blood worm, Lumbricuss, minced fish and to match somebody with somebody
Close feedstuff to be fed using different gradient bait ratios into different times after net cage in Chinese yellow eel Seedling, comprise the following steps that：
（A）- the 3 day the 1st day after cartonning, any bait is not fed；
（B）The 4th day after cartonning, it is Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri to feed in bait 100%；
（C）- the 13 day the 5th day after cartonning, feed blood worm accounting in bait every other day reduces by 10% from 90%, accounts for the 13rd day
Than reaching 10%；Lumbricuss accounting every other day increases by 10% from 10%, and to the 13rd day accounting 70% is reached；Minced fish accounting was opened from the 10th day
Beginning every other day increases by 5% from 5%, and to the 13rd day accounting 20% is reached；
（D）14 days-the 20 day after cartonning, blood worm no longer feeds；Feed Lumbricuss accounting in bait every other day reduces from 65%
10%, reach 5% to the 20th day accounting；Minced fish accounting every other day increases by 5% from 30%, and to the 20th day accounting 60% is reached；Coordinate and raise
Material accounting every other day increases by 5% from 5%, and to the 20th day accounting 35% is reached；
（E）Such as cultivate location wild fisheses aboundresources, cheap, then after above-mentioned instruction is raised and terminated, into the conventional cultivation stage,
Its operation is：The 21st day after cartonning-cultivation terminates, and feeds minced fish accounting 50%～60% in bait, mixed feed accounting 37%～
47%, the accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant；
（F）Such as cultivate location wild fisheses resource shortage, price high, then instruction is raised and continued, and its operation is：（1）The 21st after cartonning
My god-the 30 day, feed minced fish accounting in bait every other day reduces by 5% from 57%, and to the 30th day accounting 12% is reached；Mixed feed
Accounting every other day increases by 5% from 40%, and to the 30th day accounting 85% is reached；The accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant；（2）The 31st day after cartonning-
Cultivation terminates, and feeds minced fish accounting 12%～30% in bait, and mixed feed accounting 67%～85%, the accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant.
The step（B）And step（C）Middle bait day feeding volume is the 5%～8% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight gross weight；Step（D）In
Bait day feeding volume is the 3%～5% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight gross weight；Step（E）And step（F）Middle bait day feeding volume is Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight
The 1%～3% of gross weight.
The high good harvest plantation cultivation Specialty Co-operative Organization's culture of swamp eel base in Jiangxi Province Yugan County to gradient bait instruction feeding with
Conventional wisdom instruction feeding has carried out the cultivation comparative test of 6 months, the results are shown in Table 2.As a result show, using gradient bait feeding is instructed
Three packets in there is not Monopterus albus (Zuiew) and remain silent disease, and instructed using Conventional wisdom has 2 groups Monopterus albus (Zuiew) occur to close in three packets of feeding
Mouth disease, Monopterus albus (Zuiew) remains silent disease probability of occurrence for 66.7%.Instruct average survival in three packets of feeding using gradient bait to exist
82.7%, net cage unit area net production is 6.13 kg/m 2, and use in three of the feeding packets of Conventional wisdom instruction it is average into
Motility rate is 74.0%.Net cage unit area net production is 7.23 kgs/m2.Knowable to contrast test, raised using gradient bait instruction
Method can avoid Monopterus albus (Zuiew) from remaining silent the generation of disease, reduce the mortality rate of Monopterus albus (Zuiew), improve the yield per unit area of Monopterus albus (Zuiew).
。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of gradient bait of culture of swamp eel instructs feeding method, it is characterised in that:In Monopterus albus (Zuiew) cage culture, blood worm, Lumbricuss,
Minced fish and mixed feed are fed into different times after net cage in Chinese yellow eel Seedling using different gradient bait ratios, and concrete steps are such as
Under：
（A）- the 3 day the 1st day after cartonning, any bait is not fed；
（B）The 4th day after cartonning, it is Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri to feed in bait 100%；
（C）- the 13 day the 5th day after cartonning, feed blood worm accounting in bait every other day reduces by 10% from 90%, accounts for the 13rd day
Than reaching 10%；Lumbricuss accounting every other day increases by 10% from 10%, and to the 13rd day accounting 70% is reached；Minced fish accounting was opened from the 10th day
Beginning every other day increases by 5% from 5%, and to the 13rd day accounting 20% is reached；
（D）14 days-the 20 day after cartonning, blood worm no longer feeds；Feed Lumbricuss accounting in bait every other day reduces from 65%
10%, reach 5% to the 20th day accounting；Minced fish accounting every other day increases by 5% from 30%, and to the 20th day accounting 60% is reached；Coordinate and raise
Material accounting every other day increases by 5% from 5%, and to the 20th day accounting 35% is reached；
（E）Such as cultivate location wild fisheses aboundresources, cheap, then after above-mentioned instruction is raised and terminated, into the conventional cultivation stage,
Its operation is：The 21st day after cartonning-cultivation terminates, and feeds minced fish accounting 50%～60% in bait, mixed feed accounting 37%～
47%, the accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant；
（F）Such as cultivate location wild fisheses resource shortage, price high, then instruction is raised and continued, and its operation is：（1）The 21st after cartonning
My god-the 30 day, feed minced fish accounting in bait every other day reduces by 5% from 57%, and to the 30th day accounting 12% is reached；Mixed feed
Accounting every other day increases by 5% from 40%, and to the 30th day accounting 85% is reached；The accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant；（2）The 31st day after cartonning-
Cultivation terminates, and feeds minced fish accounting 12%～30% in bait, and mixed feed accounting 67%～85%, the accounting of Lumbricuss 3% is constant.
2. a kind of gradient bait of culture of swamp eel according to claim 1 instructs feeding method, it is characterised in that：The step
（B）And step（C）Middle bait day feeding volume is the 5%～8% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight gross weight；Step（D）Middle bait day feeding volume is Huang
The 3%～5% of Chinese yellow eel body weight gross weight；Step（E）And step（F）Middle bait day feeding volume is the 1%～3% of Monopterus albus (Zuiew) body weight gross weight.
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| CN111226840A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-05 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Method for cultivating south American eel white fry |
| CN111543356A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-18 | 刘登冉 | Anti-stress property and bait domestication method of wild finless eels |
| CN112056244A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-11 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Efficient culture method for artificial breeding of finless eel fries |
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| CN111226840A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-05 | 福建省淡水水产研究所 | Method for cultivating south American eel white fry |
| CN111543356A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-18 | 刘登冉 | Anti-stress property and bait domestication method of wild finless eels |
| CN112056244A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-11 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Efficient culture method for artificial breeding of finless eel fries |
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