CN106359215A - Method for grading desalination and size-standardization of young Penaeus vannamei - Google Patents
Method for grading desalination and size-standardization of young Penaeus vannamei Download PDFInfo
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- CN106359215A CN106359215A CN201610710161.9A CN201610710161A CN106359215A CN 106359215 A CN106359215 A CN 106359215A CN 201610710161 A CN201610710161 A CN 201610710161A CN 106359215 A CN106359215 A CN 106359215A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for grading desalination and size-standardization of young Penaeus vannamei. The method comprises the following steps: S1, arrangement of a two-grade desalination and size-standardization pond; S2, pond clearing and disinfection; S3, basic bait organism culturing; S4, water quality adjustment; S5, first-grade desalination and size-standardization; and S6, second-grade desalination and size-standardization. The method can be implemented according to local conditions, and has strong operability; through the method for desalination and size-standardization of the young Penaeus vannamei, the survival rate can reach 90% or above in average; meanwhile, by utilizing a facility pond, desalinated young Penaeus vannamei can be perennially supplied, and the culturing survival rate of commercial Penaeus vannamei is greatly improved; and a plurality of rounds of culturing of the commercial Penaeus vannamei can be achieved, so the purposes of yield increase and benefit increase of culture production are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thick method of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment desalination mark, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Penaeus vannamei, originates in the pacific warm water waters in Latin America, because having high temperature resistant, resistance to less salt, life
Long fast, premunition is strong, out-of-water survival time length, high to protein requirements the features such as become universally acknowledged excellent breed variety
One of.Most raiser is the cultivation carrying out Penaeus vannamei using the fresh water of brackish water or Low-salinity, and young shrimp is cultivated
The salinity (27 ‰～32 ‰) in pond is widely different with the salinity (2 ‰～15 ‰) of culturing pool.Therefore, buy from southern nursery
Shrimp seedling must carry out desalination mark slightly, and what it operated correctly with successfully on the bottom line of cultivation has immeasurable impact.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment desalination mark is thick
Method, realizes the thick seedling of year-round provision mark.
The technical scheme is that such: a kind of thick method of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment desalination mark, including with
Lower step:
S1, setting two-stage desalination standard crude pool, one-level desalinates the rectangle cement pit that standard crude pool is separately provided construction, and area is pressed
Become the every 667m of shrimp aquaculture pool area2Join one-level desalination standard crude pool 2m2～3m2Calculate, pond length-width ratio is 2:1, pool wall height 1.4m,
Pond corner is circular arc, sets osculum, drain pipe and water-changing tube in pond, and drain pipe, as pipe of emerging, connects in water-changing tube and changes the network of rivers
Case, outer logical gutter；Two grades of desalination standard crude pools are arranged on into one jiao in shrimp aquaculture pond, and proportionately shrimp aquaculture pool area is every for area
667m2Join two grades of desalination standard crude pool 20m2～30m2Calculate, highly for 100cm；
S2, sterilization of cleaning up the pond: one-level desalination standard crude pool is intake to depth of water 100cm, applies quick lime 75kg～80kg/667m2, all
It is allowed to dry water, dry in the sun pond is standby, two grades of desalination pond operations are with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond after the even sterilization 3d～4d that splashes；
S3, the basic food organisms of culture: one-level desalination standard crude pool is intake to depth of water 50cm for 1 week after cleaning up the pond, with shrimp crack and
Basic food organisms cultivated by biological preparation, make water be in dark brown, water transparence 25cm～35cm, and two grades of desalination pond operations are with one-tenth
Shrimp aquaculture pond；
S4, regulating water quality: one-level desalination standard crude pool ph value 7.8～8.5, more than dissolved oxygen 6mg/l, ammonia nitrogen 0.1mg/l with
Under, two grades of desalination water matter are with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond, salinity 2 ‰；
S5, one-level desalination mark are thick: one-level desalination mark thick same day one-level desalination standard crude pool salinity is adjusted to 13 ‰～15 ‰, pond
Water depth 50cm, selects the long 0.3cm～0.5cm shrimp seedling of p4, p5 level body in 20 DEG C of water temperature with upper and lower pond, injected volume is light by one-level
Change standard crude pool area meter 40000 tails/667m2～50000 tails/667m2, after lower pond is stable, 5h starts to heat, in 12h by water temperature plus
Temperature to 30 DEG C and remain to desalination mark slightly terminate, start after pond 36h under shrimp seedling desalinate, first day to the 5th day, every morning added
Plus fresh water 5cm～6cm, the 6th angel's water level reaches 80cm, and the 7th day starts, and discharge water 5cm daily, then adds fresh water 8cm straight
It is reduced to 2 ‰ to water salinity；Feedstuff is often eaten by every million tails and is thrown the shrimp crack 80g and fresh fairy shrimp 150g calculating throwing amount of raising respectively, often
2h feeds once, and shrimp crack and fresh fairy shrimp interval feed, and one-level desalination mark slightly cultivates 8d～10d altogether；
S6, two grades of desalination marks are thick: select the one-level desalination mark above shrimp seedling of thick afterbody length 1.0cm to enter two grades of desalination marks thick
Pond, 26 DEG C～28 DEG C of lower water temperature, injected volume is proportionately shrimp aquaculture pool area meter 60000 tails/667m2～80000 tails/667m2,
Behind lower pond, change water 5.0cm daily, until two grades of desalination standard crude pool salinity are as becoming shrimp aquaculture lake salt degree, dissolved oxygen is maintained at
More than 5mg/l；Feedstuff uses 0#Granule shrimp material feeds 5g in first day by every ten thousand tail shrimp seedling, increases the throwing amount of raising with daily 10%, daily
Feed 4 times, 20%, 13:00～14:00 that 8:00 feeds feedstuff total amount feeds 15%, 17:00 of feedstuff total amount～18:00 and throws
25%, 22:00 of feed material total amount feeds the 40% of feedstuff total amount；Two grades of desalination mark slightly common 5d～7d.
Preferably, described water-changing tube caliber is 50mm～100mm, and described drain pipe diameter is not less than 100mm.
Preferably, described one-level desalination mark is slightly to carry out in the fine day morning or dusk, after shrimp seedling is transported back, first puts shrimp seedling bag
Enter one-level desalination standard crude pool, after water temperature balance inside and outside bag, shrimp seedling is put in pond.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical scheme provided by the present invention is:
(1) classification desalination mark is thick, and the area of every grade of desalination standard crude pool is less, is easy to thoroughly clear pond and removes the evil, bait utilization
Height, can improve shrimp seedling survival rate, 60%～80%；
(2) through classification and desalinate the thick shrimp seedling adaptation environment of mark and keep away harmful animal ability by force, form survival rate height, typically permissible
Reach more than 90%；
(3) can accurately grasp the quantity putting prawn in growing pond in a suitable place to breed after the thick cultivation of desalination mark, be easy to relatively accurately calculate
Daily ration, feeding quantity, accomplishes reasonable bait throwing in, improves bait utilization, reduces production cost, increases economic efficiency；
(4) pass through classification desalination mark slightly to cultivate, make the shrimp seedling of many batches of shrimp classification cultivation enter the time that pond and commercial sized prawn harvest
Adjusted, using time difference, accomplish the conflict being reasonably connected and avoiding the time；Culture of Penaeus vannamei is divided into seed mark
Thick stage and prawn forming stage, adjust cultivation density, realize the acceptance of the bid of early stage collection slightly, the later stage quickly forms, thus to greatest extent
Utilize breeding facility.
(5) feed the growth promoter that the nutritious thick shrimp crack feedstuff of special desalination mark is conducive to shrimp seedling, shorten desalination mark
The thick time, decrease disease and occur, beneficial to the growth of prawn, improve into the survival rate of shrimp aquaculture.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of thick method of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment desalination mark, comprises the steps:
S1, setting two-stage desalination standard crude pool, one-level desalination standard crude pool is separately provided construction, generally rectangle cement pit,
It is easy to manage and receive Seedling.One-level desalinates the standard crude pool area proportionately every 667m of shrimp aquaculture pool area2Join one-level desalination standard crude pool 2m2~
3m2Calculate, generally 20m2～30m2, pond length-width ratio is 2:1, pool wall height 1.4m, and when mark is thick, the depth of water is less than 1.2m, and pond turns
Angle is circular arc, sets osculum, drain pipe and water-changing tube in pond, and water-changing tube caliber is 50mm～100mm.Drain pipe doubles as emerging
Pipe, caliber is not preferably less than 100mm.Connect in water-changing tube and change network of rivers case, outer logical gutter；Two grades of desalination standard crude pools are arranged on into shrimp and support
Grow one jiao in pond, the area proportionately every 667m of shrimp aquaculture pool area2Join two grades of desalination standard crude pool 20m2～30m2Calculate, use colour bar cloth
Or earth dam encloses 200m2～300m2, highly for 100cm；
S2, sterilization of cleaning up the pond: one-level desalination standard crude pool is intake to depth of water 100cm, applies quick lime 75kg～80kg/
667m2, it is allowed to dry water after the sterilization 3d～4d that uniformly splashes, dry in the sun pond is standby, two grades of desalination pond operations are with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond；
S3, the basic food organisms of culture: one-level desalination standard crude pool 1 week (putting before seedling 10d) after cleaning up the pond is intake to the depth of water
50cm, with shrimp crack and the basic food organisms of biological preparation culture, makes water be in dark brown, water transparence 25cm～35cm, two grades
The operation of desalination pond is with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond；
S4, regulating water quality: one-level desalination standard crude pool ph value 7.8～8.5, more than dissolved oxygen 6mg/l, ammonia nitrogen 0.1mg/l with
Under, two grades of desalination water matter are with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond, salinity 2 ‰；
S5, one-level desalination mark are thick: one-level desalination is marked thick shrimp seedling and is generally p4, p5 level Seedling it is desirable to healthy and strong active, and the bodily form is thin
Long, uniform in size, body surface is clean, and carapace edge is not rolled, and eyes are limpid symmetrical, and tail fan opens, and muscle enriches, and the intestines and stomach is satisfied
Full, irritant reaction is sensitive to external world, and swimming has obvious directivity, and to have top water to move about (property against the current) and be stained with wallflow be to be placed on
Can beat on palm, body transparency is big, whole body no focus；Take some tail shrimp seedlings from nursery pond at random, with the wet towel wrung out
Parcel, 10min puts back to Yuan Chi, such as shrimp seedling survival, then be high-quality shrimp seedling, be otherwise Seedling inferior, the long 0.3cm～0.5cm of body.One-level
The desalination thick same day one-level of mark desalinates standard crude pool salinity crude salt or sea crystal water transfer to the salinity similar to Seedling field, be 13 ‰～
15 ‰ (depth of water 50cm), make every effort to make desalination standard crude pool water quality with nursery pond water quality close to consistent.Select on fine day when putting in a suitable place to breed
Noon or carry out at dusk, in 20 DEG C of water temperature with upper and lower pond.After shrimp seedling is transported back, first shrimp seedling bag is put into one-level desalination standard crude pool, treat bag
After inside and outside water temperature balance, shrimp seedling is put in pond.Behind pond under shrimp seedling, appropriateness should increase oxygen supplement amount in time.Injected volume is by one-level
Desalination standard crude pool area meter 40000 tails/667m2～50000 tails/667m2, after lower pond is stable, 5h starts to heat, by water temperature in 12h
Be warmed to 30 DEG C and remain to desalination mark slightly terminate, start after pond 36h under shrimp seedling desalinate, first day to the 5th day, every morning
Add fresh water 5cm～6cm, the 6th angel's water level reaches 80cm, and the 7th day starts, and discharge water 5cm daily, then add fresh water 8cm
Until water salinity is reduced to 2 ‰；；Feedstuff is often eaten by every million tails and is thrown the shrimp crack 80g and fresh fairy shrimp 150g calculating throwing amount of raising respectively,
Every 2h feeds once, and shrimp crack and fresh fairy shrimp interval feed.Shrimp crack feedstuff is placed in the nylon bolting silk bag of 60～80 mesh, is placed on bucket
In add water and use handss pinching, so that feedstuff is all dissolved in water, then it uniformly sprinkled and feed.Feedstuff should now join existing throwing it is impossible to
Indwelling time too long, with anti-metamorphic.One-level desalination mark slightly cultivates 8d～10d altogether, goes out pond and receive shrimp seedling, roughly when shrimp seedling length is to 1cm
Turn two grades of desalinations after counting and checking on the quality and mark the thick stages；
S6, two grades of desalination marks are thick: select the one-level desalination mark above shrimp seedling of thick afterbody length 1.0cm to enter two grades of desalination marks thick
Pond, shrimp seedling requires body surface carapace bright and clean, and appendage is complete, the transparent shape of shrimp body；Activity should be moved about vivaciously, and property is strong against the current, and spring has
Power.26 DEG C～28 DEG C of lower water temperature is so as to be less than 2 DEG C with becoming the shrimp aquaculture water temperature difference.Injected volume is proportionately shrimp aquaculture pool area
Count 60000 tails/667m2～80000 tails/667m2, behind lower pond, change water 5.0cm daily, until two grades are desalinated standard crude pool salinity and become
Shrimp aquaculture lake salt degree is the same, and dissolved oxygen is maintained at more than 5mg/l；Feedstuff uses 0#Granule shrimp material is fed by every ten thousand tail shrimp seedling for first day
5g, with the daily 10% increase throwing amount of raising, feeds 4 times, 20%, 13:00～14:00 that 8:00 feeds feedstuff total amount feeds and raises daily
25%, the 22:00 that 15%, the 17:00～18:00 of material total amount feeds feedstuff total amount feeds the 40% of feedstuff total amount, is essentially
" the few diligent throwing of amount ", flexibly grasps according to situations such as shrimp seedling density, specification size, water quality.Two grades of desalination mark slightly common 5d～7d, shrimp
Shrimp aquaculture pond can be proceeded to into after the long 1.5cm of seedling body and carry out into shrimp aquaculture.
It is necessary to carry out water quality monitoring and shrimp seedling growing state mensure during whole desalination mark is thick.24h whole process oxygen supplement,
Every time to random tests such as the moving about, ingest of shrimp seedling, survival rates after feeding 1.5h, and with micro- sem observation shrimp seedling body surface it is
No have debris attachment or parasite etc..Daily the upper and lower noon each survey note water temperature once, measured shrimp seedling body length, ph value, molten every 2 days
The data such as solution oxygen, ammonia nitrogen.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of thick method of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment desalination mark it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
S1, setting two-stage desalination standard crude pool, one-level desalinates the rectangle cement pit that standard crude pool is separately provided construction, area proportionately shrimp
The cultivation every 667m of pool area2Join one-level desalination standard crude pool 2m2～3m2Calculate, pond length-width ratio is 2:1, pool wall height 1.4m, and pond turns
Angle is circular arc, sets osculum, drain pipe and water-changing tube in pond, and drain pipe, as pipe of emerging, connects in water-changing tube and changes network of rivers case, outward
Logical gutter；Two grades of desalination standard crude pools are arranged on into one jiao in shrimp aquaculture pond, the area proportionately every 667m of shrimp aquaculture pool area2Join two
Level desalination standard crude pool 20m2～30m2Calculate, highly for 100cm；
S2, sterilization of cleaning up the pond: one-level desalination standard crude pool is intake to depth of water 100cm, applies quick lime 75kg～80kg/667m2, uniformly sprinkle
It is allowed to dry water, dry in the sun pond is standby, two grades of desalination pond operations are with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond after spilling sterilization 3d～4d；
S3, the basic food organisms of culture: one-level desalination standard crude pool is intake to depth of water 50cm, with shrimp crack and biology for 1 week after cleaning up the pond
Preparation media plinth food organisms, make water be in dark brown, water transparence 25cm～35cm, and two grades of desalination pond operations are supported with one-tenth shrimp
Grow pond；
S4, regulating water quality: one-level desalination standard crude pool ph value 7.8～8.5, more than dissolved oxygen 6mg/l, ammonia nitrogen below 0.1mg/l, two
Level desalination water matter is with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture pond, salinity 2 ‰；
S5, one-level desalination mark are thick: one-level desalination mark thick same day one-level desalination standard crude pool salinity is adjusted to 13 ‰～15 ‰, and water is deep
Degree 50cm, selects the long 0.3cm～0.5cm shrimp seedling of p4, p5 level body in 20 DEG C of water temperature with upper and lower pond, and injected volume is to desalinate mark by one-level
Thick pool area meter 40000 tails/667m2～50000 tails/667m2, after lower pond is stable, 5h starts to heat, and in 12h is warmed to water temperature
30 DEG C and remain to desalination mark slightly terminate, start after pond 36h under shrimp seedling desalinate, first day to the 5th day, every morning add light
Water 5cm～6cm, the 6th angel's water level reaches 80cm, and the 7th day starts, and discharge water 5cm daily, then adds fresh water 8cm until pond
Salinity water is reduced to 2 ‰；Feedstuff is often eaten by every million tails and is thrown the shrimp crack 80g and fresh fairy shrimp 150g calculating throwing amount of raising respectively, and every 2h throws
Feed once, shrimp crack and fresh fairy shrimp interval feed, one-level desalination mark slightly cultivates 8d～10d altogether；
S6, two grades of desalination marks are thick: select the one-level desalination mark above shrimp seedling of thick afterbody length 1.0cm to enter two grades of desalination standard crude pools, under
26 DEG C～28 DEG C of water temperature, injected volume is proportionately shrimp aquaculture pool area meter 60000 tails/667m2～80000 tails/667m2, lower pond
Afterwards, change water 5.0cm daily, until two grades desalination standard crude pool salinity with one-tenth shrimp aquaculture lake salt degree as, dissolved oxygen be maintained at 5mg/l with
On；Feedstuff uses 0#Granule shrimp material feeds 5g in first day by every ten thousand tail shrimp seedling, with the daily 10% increase throwing amount of raising, feeds daily 4 times,
8:00 feed feedstuff total amount 20%, 13:00～14:00 feed feedstuff total amount that 15%, 17:00～18:00 feeds feedstuff is total
25%, 22:00 of amount feeds the 40% of feedstuff total amount；Two grades of desalination mark slightly common 5d～7d.
2. the thick method of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment according to claim 1 desalination mark it is characterised in that: described change water
Pipe caliber is 50mm～100mm, and described drain pipe diameter is not less than 100mm.
3. the thick method of Penaeus vannamei Seedling Assortment according to claim 1 desalination mark it is characterised in that: described one-level
Desalination mark is slightly to carry out in the fine day morning or dusk, after shrimp seedling is transported back, first puts shrimp seedling bag into one-level desalination standard crude pool, treats in bag
After outer water temperature balance, shrimp seedling is put in pond.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108029489A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-05-15 | 邯郸市鑫众生态养殖有限公司 | Northern area lotus rhizome, prawn and the intercropping method of loach |
| CN109479778A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-03-19 | 海南海壹水产种苗有限公司 | A kind of evaluation method of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling anti-stress ability |
| CN111066704A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Method for thickening macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings by using double-layer greenhouse |
| CN111213603A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-06-02 | 天津市宝益得农业科技有限公司 | Ecological breeding method for Penaeus vannamei Boone in rough labeling stage |
| CN112568159A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 陈锚 | Disease prevention and control method for organic shrimp culture |
| CN112825805A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-25 | 陈硕錾 | Transfer method of coarse shrimp larvae |
| CN112931335A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州萧山东海养殖有限责任公司 | Shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN113207772A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-06 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for marking thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108029489A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-05-15 | 邯郸市鑫众生态养殖有限公司 | Northern area lotus rhizome, prawn and the intercropping method of loach |
| CN111213603A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-06-02 | 天津市宝益得农业科技有限公司 | Ecological breeding method for Penaeus vannamei Boone in rough labeling stage |
| CN109479778A (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2019-03-19 | 海南海壹水产种苗有限公司 | A kind of evaluation method of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling anti-stress ability |
| CN109479778B (en) * | 2018-12-08 | 2021-06-15 | 海南海壹水产种苗有限公司 | Method for evaluating anti-stress capability of young penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN111066704A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Method for thickening macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings by using double-layer greenhouse |
| CN112568159A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 陈锚 | Disease prevention and control method for organic shrimp culture |
| CN112825805A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-25 | 陈硕錾 | Transfer method of coarse shrimp larvae |
| CN112931335A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州萧山东海养殖有限责任公司 | Shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN112931335B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-07-08 | 杭州萧山东海养殖有限责任公司 | Shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN113207772A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-06 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for marking thickness of shrimp seedlings in alpine regions |
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