CN112931335B - Shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone - Google Patents
Shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shrimp larva desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone, which comprises a desalting pond, a fresh water pond and a fishpond, wherein the desalting pond comprises a temporary culture pond, a primary desalting pond, a secondary desalting pond and a water guide channel, and the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of cleaning a desalting pool, culturing water in the desalting pool, purchasing prawns and desalting, wherein the shrimp seeds are subjected to desalination through the desalting pool, a temporary culture pool is deeply buried underground, the heat preservation and moisture preservation of soil are utilized, greenhouse culture is adopted, the stability of the internal environment is improved, the internal temperature and humidity are controlled, the culture method is low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly, the original seedling culture technology is refined and standardized, the adaptability of the shrimp seeds to water area mutation is improved, and each link in the shrimp seed culture process is refined from multiple aspects, so that the survival rate of the shrimp seeds in south America is improved, the discharged wastewater is used for culturing fish, and excrement and other organic matters of the shrimp seeds are reasonably utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone.
Background
The penaeus vannamei, which is commonly called vannamei in China, has the trade name of metapenaeus ensis, belongs to euryhaline and tropical shrimp species, and has the advantages of thin shell, fat body, fresh and tender meat, high meat yield (65%), strong disease resistance, high growth speed, rich nutrition and the like. Is native to the coastal water area of the American Pacific, and is one of the three shrimp species with the highest yield of the cultured shrimps which are generally accepted in the world today. The salinity (27-32 per mill) of the penaeus vannamei fry breeding pond is greatly different from that of the breeding pond. Therefore, the shrimp larvae purchased from the southern nursery must be desalted and thickened.
In the general process of desalting the shrimp seedlings in the prior art, desalting is started after a plurality of days of putting the shrimp seedlings, a certain amount of saline water is discharged into the culture pond, and a corresponding amount of fresh water is supplemented, so that the salinity is reduced by 1-2 grids until the salinity is reduced to the salinity of the culture pond. In the prior art, in the desalination cultivation process of young penaeus vannamei boone, the temperature and the humidity are not easy to regulate, the influence of external weather is large, the water area of a pool body is fixed, and the young penaeus vannamei boone is thrown into a main culture pool after desalination is finished, so that the water area is mutated, the stress reaction of the young penaeus vannamei boone is easily caused, and the survival rate is low. Therefore, the invention provides a method for desalinating young penaeus vannamei boone, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for desalting young shrimps of penaeus vannamei boone, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a shrimp larva desalting method for Penaeus vannamei Boone comprises a desalting pond, a fresh water pond 5 and a fishpond 6, wherein the desalting pond comprises a temporary culture pond 1, a primary desalting pond 2, a secondary desalting pond 3 and a water guide channel 4, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning a desalting pool: pumping water in the desalting tank into the fish pond 6 about 30 days before throwing seedlings, feeding water into the desalting tank again to ensure that the water depth of the secondary desalting tank 3 is 20-30cm, uniformly splashing and disinfecting after dissolving water by using 2000kg of quicklime per square meter per hour, washing the desalting tank, removing precipitates and drying in the sun;
s2, water culture in a desalting pond: using osmotic pressure regulator to cultivate water, making the salinity of the water in the temporary cultivating pool 1 and the salinity of purchased shrimp fries within 0.1, feeding water 40-70cm, adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.6, then oxygenating and heating the water, controlling the oxygen solubility in the water to be more than 20mg/L, circulating through a circulating pump, controlling the temperature to be 25-28 ℃ by an automatic regulating and controlling system, and cultivating the water for 48-72 hours;
s3, purchasing prawns: purchasing shrimp seeds with the body length of 0.4-0.6cm from outside, putting the seed bags into the temporary culture pond 1 to naturally raise the water temperature of the seed bags to the temperature in the temporary culture pond 1, and then putting the shrimp seeds into the temporary culture pond 1;
s4, desalting process: feeding water through a water inlet pipe, reducing the salinity by 0.05-0.1% in the first to second days and 0.1-0.15% in the third to fourth days according to the area of the temporary culture pond 1, and reducing the salinity by 0.15-0.2% and 0.1-0.15% in turn after the fifth day until the salinity of the water body is reduced to 1.0-0.5%, the depth of the water body is flush with the secondary desalination pond 3, continuously draining water through a water pump of a drain pipe 8 until the salinity of the water body is reduced to be below 0.1%, closing the drain pipe 8, communicating a water guide channel 4, putting culture water into the water guide channel 4, transferring shrimp seeds into the water guide channel 4, culturing for 12-24h and then transferring the shrimp seeds into a fresh water pond 5.
As a further scheme of the invention, euryhaline fishes are cultured in the fishpond 6 to adapt to salinity change after drainage.
As a further scheme of the invention, the depths of the temporary culture pond 1, the primary desalting pond 2 and the secondary desalting pond 3 are all 0.5-1.0 m, the temporary culture pond 1 is positioned at the bottom of the primary desalting pond 2, and the primary desalting pond 2 is positioned at the bottom of the secondary desalting pond 3 to form a gradient.
As a further scheme of the invention, a foldable large shed 7 is arranged on the desalination pool to adjust the internal illumination and temperature and humidity.
As a further scheme of the invention, an automatic regulation and control system is arranged in the desalting tank and is connected with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a water quality sensor, a video monitor and an automatic feeding device through a wireless network to control the environment.
As a further scheme of the invention, the temporary culture pond 1, the primary desalting pond 2 and the secondary desalting pond 3 are arranged in a nested manner, so that the water surface stage is increased, and the adaptability of the shrimp seeds to water area mutation is improved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the baits fed in the desalting pond every day are the shrimp slices and the fairy shrimp, wherein the feeding amount of the shrimp slices is 4 times per day, 500 grams of the baits are fed for 10 ten thousand of shrimps every time, and the multivitamins are fed in every two days according to 0.8-0.12 gram per cubic meter of water.
As a further scheme of the invention, the culture water is fresh water extracted from a fresh water pool 5, and vitamin C and unicellular algae with the feeding amount of 0.1-0.3% are added into the bait put into the aqueduct 4, so that the adaptability of the culture water is improved.
As a further proposal of the invention, the air inflation and oxygenation devices are arranged in the desalination pool, the fresh water pool 5 and the fish pond 6, and the oxygen pipes in the fresh water pool are arranged at the bottom of the side wall.
As a further proposal of the invention, the baits are uniformly scattered along the inner wall of the pond by the automatic feeding device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the shrimp seeds are subjected to desalination in the desalination pool, the temporary culture pool 1 is deep underground, heat preservation and moisture preservation of soil are utilized, greenhouse cultivation is adopted, the stability of the internal environment is improved, the internal temperature and humidity are controlled, and the cultivation method is low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. The invention refines and standardizes the original breeding technology, improves the adaptability of the shrimp seeds to water area mutation, and refines each link in the shrimp seed breeding process from multiple aspects, thereby improving the survival rate of the shrimp seeds.
3. The invention uses the discharged waste water for fish culture, and reasonably utilizes the excrement of the young shrimps and other organic matters.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a top view structure of a desalination pool in a shrimp fry desalination method for penaeus vannamei boone.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a side view of a desalination pool in a shrimp fry desalination method for penaeus vannamei boone.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an automatic regulation and control system in a shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone.
In the figure: 1. temporarily breeding in a pond; 2. a primary desalting tank; 3. a secondary desalting tank; 4. a water guide channel; 5. a fresh water pool; 6. a fish pond; 7. a greenhouse; 8. and a water discharge pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment of the present invention, a shrimp larvae desalination method for penaeus vannamei includes a desalination pool, a fresh water pool 5 and a fish pond 6, where the desalination pool includes a temporary culture pool 1, a primary desalination pool 2, a secondary desalination pool 3 and a water guide channel 4, and the method includes the following steps:
s1, cleaning a desalting pool: pumping water in the desalting tank into the fish pond 6 about 30 days before throwing seedlings, feeding water into the desalting tank again to ensure that the water depth of the secondary desalting tank 3 is 20-30cm, uniformly splashing and disinfecting after dissolving water by using 2000kg of quicklime per square meter per hour, washing the desalting tank, removing precipitates and drying in the sun;
s2, water culture in a desalting pond: using osmotic pressure regulator to cultivate water, making the salinity of the water in the temporary cultivating pool 1 and the salinity of purchased shrimp fries within 0.1, feeding water 40-70cm, adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.6, then oxygenating and heating the water, controlling the oxygen solubility in the water to be more than 20mg/L, circulating through a circulating pump, controlling the temperature to be 25-28 ℃ by an automatic regulating and controlling system, and cultivating the water for 48-72 hours;
s3, purchasing prawns: purchasing shrimp seeds with the body length of 0.4-0.6cm from outside, putting the seed bags into the temporary culture pond 1 to naturally raise the water temperature of the seed bags to the temperature in the temporary culture pond 1, and then putting the shrimp seeds into the temporary culture pond 1;
s4, desalting process: feeding water through a water inlet pipe, reducing the salinity by 0.05-0.1% in the first to two days and 0.1-0.15% in the third to four days according to the area of the temporary culture pond 1, reducing the salinity by 0.1-0.15% in the third to four days, alternately reducing the salinity by 0.15-0.2% and 0.1-0.15% after the fifth day until the salinity of the water body is reduced to 1.0-0.5%, enabling the depth of the water body to be flush with the secondary desalination pond 3, continuously draining water through a water pump of a drain pipe 8 until the salinity of the water body is reduced to be below 0.1%, closing the drain pipe 8, communicating a aqueduct 4 and putting culture water into the aqueduct 4, wherein the culture water is fresh water extracted from a fresh water pond 5, adding vitamin C and unicellular algae with the feeding amount of 0.1-0.3% into bait put into the aqueduct 4 to improve the adaptability of the culture water, transferring shrimp seedlings into the aqueduct 4, and transferring the freshwater pond 5 after culturing for 12-24 hours.
Breed in the pond 6 and have wide salt nature fish to the salinity change after the adaptation drainage, the degree of depth of temporarily raising pond 1, one-level desalination pond 2 and second grade desalination pond 3 is 0.5-1.0 meter, temporarily raises pond 1 and is located the bottom of the pool of one-level desalination pond 2, and one-level desalination pond 2 is located the bottom of the pool of second grade desalination pond 3, forms the gradient, be equipped with folding big canopy 7 on the desalination pond to adjust inside illumination and humiture, be equipped with automatic regulation and control system in the desalination pond, automatic regulation and control system passes through wireless network connection temperature sensor, humidity transducer, water quality sensor, video monitor and automatic device of throwing food, controls the environment.
The temporary culture pond 1, the first-stage desalting pond 2 and the second-stage desalting pond 3 are arranged in a nested manner, so that the water surface is increased in stages, the adaptability of shrimp seedlings to water area mutation is improved, bait fed into the desalting pond is shrimp slices and fairy shrimp every day, the feeding amount of the shrimp slices is 4 times per day, 500 grams of bait is fed into 10 thousand of shrimp slices every time, and the composite vitamins are fed into the desalting pond every two days according to 0.8-0.12 grams of water per cubic meter.
All install in desalination pond, fresh water pond 5 and the pond 6 and aerify the oxygenating device, and the oxygen hose in the fresh water pond installs the bottom at the lateral wall, bait evenly spills into along the pond inner wall through throwing the edible device automatically.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the shrimp seeds are subjected to desalination by the desalination pool, the temporary culture pool 1 is deep underground, the soil is used for preserving heat and moisture, the greenhouse culture is adopted, the stability of the internal environment is improved, the internal temperature and humidity are controlled, the culture method is low-carbon, energy-saving and environment-friendly, the original culture technology is refined and normalized, the adaptability of the shrimp seeds to water area mutation is improved, and each link in the shrimp seed culture process is refined from multiple aspects, so that the survival rate of the shrimp seeds in south America is improved, the discharged wastewater is used for culturing fish, and excrement and other organic matters of the shrimp seeds are reasonably utilized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A shrimp larvae desalting method for Penaeus vannamei Boone comprises a desalting pond, a fresh water pond (5) and a fishpond (6), and is characterized in that the desalting pond comprises a temporary culture pond (1), a primary desalting pond (2), a secondary desalting pond (3) and a water guide channel (4), and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning a desalting tank: pumping water in the desalting tank into the fish pond (6) about 30 days before throwing seedlings, feeding water into the desalting tank again to ensure that the water depth of the secondary desalting tank (3) is 20-30cm, evenly spraying and sterilizing after square-curing water by using 2000kg/h of quicklime, washing the desalting tank, removing precipitates and drying in the sun;
s2, water culture in a desalting pond: using osmotic pressure regulator to cultivate water, making the salinity of the water in the temporary culture pond (1) within 0.1 of the salinity difference of purchased shrimp fries, feeding water with the salinity of 40-70cm, and the pH value of 7.8-8.6, then oxygenating and heating the water, controlling the oxygen solubility in the water to be more than 20mg/L, circulating through a circulating pump, controlling the temperature to be 25-28 ℃ by an automatic regulation and control system, and cultivating the water for 48-72 hours;
s3, purchasing prawns: purchasing shrimp seeds with the body length of 0.4-0.6cm from outside, putting the seed bags into the temporary culture pond (1) to naturally raise the water temperature of the seed bags to the temperature in the temporary culture pond (1), and then putting the shrimp seeds into the temporary culture pond (1);
s4, desalting process: feeding water through a water inlet pipe, reducing the salinity by 0.05-0.1% in the first to second days and 0.1-0.15% in the third to fourth days according to the area of the temporary culture pond (1), alternately reducing the salinity by 0.15-0.2% and 0.1-0.15% after the fifth day until the salinity of the water body is reduced to 1.0-0.5%, enabling the depth of the water body to be flush with the secondary desalination pond (3), continuously draining water through a water pump of a drain pipe (8) until the salinity of the water body is reduced to be below 0.1%, closing the drain pipe (8), communicating the water guide channel (4), putting culture water into the water guide channel (4), transferring shrimp larvae into the water guide channel (4), and transferring the shrimp larvae into a fresh water pond (5) after culturing for 12-24 hours;
the depths of the temporary culture pond (1), the primary desalting pond (2) and the secondary desalting pond (3) are all 0.5-1.0 meter, the temporary culture pond (1) is positioned at the bottom of the primary desalting pond (2), and the primary desalting pond (2) is positioned at the bottom of the secondary desalting pond (3), so that a gradient is formed;
the temporary culture pond (1), the primary desalting pond (2) and the secondary desalting pond (3) are arranged in a nested manner, so that the water surface is increased in a staged manner.
2. The method for desalinating the young penaeus vannamei boone as claimed in claim 1, wherein euryhaline fishes are cultured in the fish pond (6).
3. The method for desalinating young shrimps of penaeus vannamei according to the claim 1, characterized in that a foldable large shed (7) is arranged on the desalination pool.
4. The method for desalinating the young shrimps of the litopenaeus vannamei according to the claim 1, wherein an automatic regulation and control system is arranged in the desalination tank, and the automatic regulation and control system is connected with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a water quality sensor, a video monitor and an automatic feeding device through a wireless network.
5. The method for desalinating the young penaeus vannamei boone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the baits fed into the desalination tank every day are prawn slices and artemia, wherein the feeding amount of the prawn slices is 4 times per day, 500 grams of prawn slices are fed into 10 thousand of prawn slices every time, and the multivitamins are fed into the desalination tank every two days according to 0.8-0.12 gram of prawn slices per cubic meter of water.
6. The method for desalinating young shrimps of penaeus vannamei according to the claim 1, wherein the culture water is fresh water extracted from a fresh water pond (5), and vitamin C and unicellular algae with the feeding amount of 0.1-0.3% are added to the bait put into the aqueduct (4).
7. The method for desalinating young shrimps of penaeus vannamei according to the claim 1, wherein the air inflation and oxygenation devices are respectively installed in the desalination pool, the fresh water pool (5) and the fish pond (6), and an oxygen pipe in the fresh water pool is installed at the bottom of the side wall.
8. The method for desalinating young shrimps of penaeus vannamei according to the claim 5, wherein the bait is uniformly scattered along the inner wall of the pond by an automatic feeding device.
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| CN202110283260.4A CN112931335B (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Shrimp larvae desalting method for penaeus vannamei boone |
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| CN101218900A (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-07-16 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Seedling desalination method for fresh water aquiculture for penaeus monodon |
| CN101933489A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-05 | 刘青华 | Water circulation system and method for breeding marine fishes inland |
| CN103875575A (en) * | 2014-04-20 | 2014-06-25 | 常德家华水产科技有限公司 | Breeding method for South American white shrimps in freshwater lake |
| CN203851618U (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2014-10-01 | 常德家华水产科技有限公司 | Special room for south American white shrimp desalting culture |
| CN106359215A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 常熟市民意水产科技发展有限公司 | Method for grading desalination and size-standardization of young Penaeus vannamei |
| CN107787888A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-13 | 襄阳市闽升特种水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling circulates desalting breeding method |
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2021
- 2021-03-17 CN CN202110283260.4A patent/CN112931335B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101218900A (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-07-16 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Seedling desalination method for fresh water aquiculture for penaeus monodon |
| CN101933489A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-05 | 刘青华 | Water circulation system and method for breeding marine fishes inland |
| CN103875575A (en) * | 2014-04-20 | 2014-06-25 | 常德家华水产科技有限公司 | Breeding method for South American white shrimps in freshwater lake |
| CN203851618U (en) * | 2014-05-01 | 2014-10-01 | 常德家华水产科技有限公司 | Special room for south American white shrimp desalting culture |
| CN106359215A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-01 | 常熟市民意水产科技发展有限公司 | Method for grading desalination and size-standardization of young Penaeus vannamei |
| CN107787888A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-13 | 襄阳市闽升特种水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling circulates desalting breeding method |
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