CN108477041A - A kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon - Google Patents

A kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108477041A
CN108477041A CN201810280857.1A CN201810280857A CN108477041A CN 108477041 A CN108477041 A CN 108477041A CN 201810280857 A CN201810280857 A CN 201810280857A CN 108477041 A CN108477041 A CN 108477041A
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feed
cultivation
shrimp
day
water
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孙学亮
尤宏争
韩天
季延滨
梁健
陈成勋
郭永军
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Tianjin Agricultural University
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Tianjin Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of methods of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon, including step to have:(1) transformation of shrimp-cultivation pool:(2) seed is put in a suitable place to breed;(3) mark extensive cultivation is grown;(4) commercial sized prawn mature stage, the present invention are introducing the seed that vigor is healthy and strong, detection is virus-free by the end of August, control water temperature and put seed in a suitable place to breed at 22 DEG C or more, breeding density is 10000 tails/m2Put after seedling that slightly to carry out the second deutero-albumose thick in latter pond point three ponds through the first deutero-albumose, until survival rate reaches 60% and carries out a point pond again, simultaneously the present invention by prevention of shrimp disease throughout, pharmaceutical chemistry was fed with 3 days cycles during cultivation after mark is thick, feed within first day the vitamin for accounting for feed gross weight C3~5 ‰, feed within second day the allicin for accounting for feed gross weight 5 ‰, third day feeds the liver Thailand for accounting for feed gross weight 3~5 ‰.Penaeus monodon is effectively introduced the Yellow River northern area by the present invention, and realizes the efficient industrial cultivation of Penaeus monodon.

Description

A kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, more particularly, to a kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon.
Background technology
Penaeus monodon (Penaeus Monodon) is commonly called as terrible shrimp, grass shrimp, flower shrimp, ring shrimp, spot section shrimp, ox shape prawn, connection Big Tiger Prawns is generally called in He Guo food and agricultural organizations.It is under the jurisdiction of Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, swimming suborder, prawn on taxology Section, Penaeus are largest kind in Penaeus.Shrimp growth is fast, and adaptable, feeding habits are miscellaneous, eurysalinity, can high temperature resistant and low Oxygen, weaker to the adaptive faculty of low temperature, disease resistance is stronger.In addition, its individual is big, shell is thicker, delicious meat, full of nutrition, body Shell is more solid, stands and is arrested with hand.From the dry dew of tolerable long period after water, therefore transport of easily working, it is deep to sell shrimp living Favored by people." South Sea 1 " Penaeus monodon be South China Sea Inst .of Aquatic Products, Chinese Academy of aquatic Products with China's Sanya, Hainan, face High, Wenchang and 4, Phuket, THA island wild population are that basic group is obtained by unexpected mass incident mode by continuous 5 generation selection and breeding Have the faster Penaeus monodon kind of obvious degeneration-resistant advantage, the speed of growth.In recent years in provinces such as China Guangdong, Fujian, Shandong Work(is formed in examination, and obtains preferable economic benefit.
Currently, the Yellow River northern area prawn culturing principal item is Penaeus Vannmei.But as seed germ plasm resource is degenerated The problems such as taking place frequently with disease protrudes, and raiser's loss is serious.The update problem of prawn culturing kind is always to restrict the Yellow River The principal element of northern area prawn industry stable development.Therefore, Penaeus monodon is introduced into the Yellow River northern area, and realizes spot section The efficient industrial cultivation of prawn is the striving direction of current scientific worker and technical staff.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of methods of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon.
The present invention solves its technical problem and following technical scheme is taken to realize:
A kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon, including steps are as follows:
(1) transformation of shrimp-cultivation pool:Shrimp-cultivation pool is formed with sewage draining exit using hardening pot bottom-shape shrimp ponds at shrimp ponds bottom centre, It is formed with leak pipe with holes at sewage draining exit, is provided with opening along the water inlet pipe in pool wall direction in a side of shrimp ponds, is intaking Pipe upstream is equipped with two level sand filtration treatment facility, and ultraviolet sterilization apparatus is equipped on water inlet pipe, meanwhile, it is uniformly distributed in shrimp ponds 80-120 gas stone carries out oxygenation;
(2) seed is put in a suitable place to breed
1. drawing seedling, seed is introduced by the end of August every year, 300,000 tails of weight specification/jin, vigor is healthy and strong, detection is virus-free;
2. seed launches and water quality management,
Water is sterilized before putting seedling first;
Lower water temperature can be put in a suitable place to breed seed to 22 DEG C -23 DEG C, breeding density is 10000 tails/m2, length specification 0.8 ~1cm/ tails put seedling and water temperature were mentioned 28 DEG C rapidly by 22 DEG C -23 DEG C in second day, and salinity is gradually by 15 ‰ excessively to 8 ‰;
(3) mark extensive cultivation is grown,
1. mark extensive cultivation does not change water during growing, seed reaches 2cm/ tails after 14 days the first deutero-albumoses are thick after throwing seedling, for the first time Three ponds of the thick latter pond point of mark carry out until the 28th day the second deutero-albumose slightly terminates, after the second deutero-albumose is thick, when survival rate reaches 60% A point pond is carried out again, is 200 tails/m into density2Commercial sized prawn mature stage;
2. the basal feed of period is grown in mark extensive cultivation, each nutritional ingredient for including by mass percentage in basal feed meets table Ratio in 1:
1 feed ingredient of table
3. feeding for period is grown in mark extensive cultivation, full pond feeds prawn slice before putting seedling, is fed 8 times daily during the first deutero-albumose is thick, In feed artemia for 2 times, feed basal feed 6 times, day feeding volume changes during second deutero-albumose is thick according to weight 10% and feeds base daily Plinth feed 6 times, according to weight 5%, prawn of being subject to eats up day feeding volume in 1.5h;
(4) commercial sized prawn mature stage, mark extensive cultivation enter commercial sized prawn mature stage after growing, and the cultivation density of commercial sized prawn mature stage is 200 tails/m2, the cultivation control method of commercial sized prawn mature stage includes:
1. Water-quality control changes water depth control within 40cm daily during entire cultivation in 4 months, cultivation water is transparent Degree is maintained at 40-50cm, and dissolved oxygen is maintained at 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen < 0.03mg/L, nitrite nitrogen < 0.02mg/L, pH maintenance 8.0~8.5;
2. disease control fed pharmaceutical chemistry during commercial sized prawn mature stage with 3 days cycles, i.e., feed within first day mixed with feed It closes and accounts for the vitamin C of feed gross weight 3~5 ‰, feed within second day the allicin that feed gross weight 5 ‰ is mixed and accounted for feed, The liver Thailand that feed gross weight 3~5 ‰ are mixed and accounted for feed is fed within three days, until commercial sized prawn goes out pond;
3. commercial sized prawn mature stage is fed, the feed of commercial sized prawn mature stage is identical as the feed during mark extensive cultivation is grown, daily Feed basal feed 6 times, according to weight 5%, prawn of being subject to eats up day feeding volume in 1.5h.
Moreover, the shrimp ponds in the step (1) are built by concrete, cement and brick, and depth of water 0.8-1.2m, leak with holes Pipe is using the perforated plastic pipe sleeve of diameter 10cm on sewage draining exit.
Moreover, the raw material that the basal feed in the step (3) includes has:It is high-quality imported fish meal, squid powder, yeast, rich Year worm, South Pole shrimp med, import fish oil, probiotic, multidimensional and more mines..
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
Penaeus monodon is effectively introduced the Yellow River northern area by the present invention, and the efficient industrial for realizing Penaeus monodon is supported It grows, to adjusting the Yellow River northern area prawn industrial structure, promotes the fishery synergy of the Yellow River northern area, fisherman's increased income, improve unit Aquifer cultivation economic benefit etc. is of great significance.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is further described below, it is emphasized that, following implementation is illustrative, and It is not restrictive, limitation of the invention cannot be used as in this embodiment.
A kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon, including steps are as follows:
(1) transformation of shrimp-cultivation pool:Shrimp-cultivation pool is formed with sewage draining exit using hardening pot bottom-shape shrimp ponds at shrimp ponds bottom centre, It is formed with leak pipe with holes at sewage draining exit, with anti-escape shrimp and slows down flow, opening is provided with along pool wall in a side of shrimp ponds The water inlet pipe in direction is equipped with two level sand filtration treatment facility to form rotary water current in shrimp ponds in water inlet pipe upstream, into Ultraviolet sterilization apparatus is installed on water pipe, it is uniformly distributed in shrimp ponds since the cultivation of Penaeus monodon facility cultivation density is higher 80-120 gas stone carries out oxygenation;
In the specific implementation of the present invention, the shrimp ponds are built by concrete, cement and brick, and depth of water 0.8-1.2m is with holes Leak pipe using diameter 10cm perforated plastic pipe sleeve on sewage draining exit.
(2) seed is put in a suitable place to breed
1. drawing seedling, seed is introduced by the end of August every year, 300,000 tails of weight specification/jin, vigor is healthy and strong, detection is virus-free;
2. seed launches and water quality management:
Water is sterilized before putting seedling first, accomplish to put prevention first;
Lower water temperature can be put in a suitable place to breed seed to 22 DEG C -23 DEG C, breeding density is 10000 tails/m2, length specification 0.8 ~1cm/ tails put seedling and water temperature were mentioned 28 DEG C rapidly by 22 DEG C -23 DEG C in second day, and salinity is gradually by 15 ‰ excessively to 8 ‰;
(3) mark extensive cultivation is grown:
1. mark extensive cultivation does not change water during growing, seed reaches 2cm/ tails after 14 days the first deutero-albumoses are thick, after the first deutero-albumose is thick The progress of one pond point, three ponds is thick up to the 28th day the second deutero-albumose, and after the second deutero-albumose is thick, a point pond is carried out again when survival rate reaches 60%, It is 200 tails/m into line density2Commercial sized prawn mature stage;
2. the basal feed of period is grown in mark extensive cultivation, the raw material that basal feed includes has:High-quality imported fish meal, squid powder, ferment Mother, fairy shrimp, South Pole shrimp med, import fish oil, probiotic, multidimensional and more mines, include by mass percentage in basal feed is each Nutritional ingredient meets the ratio in table 1:
1 feed ingredient of table
3. feeding for period is grown in mark extensive cultivation, full pond feeds prawn slice before putting seedling, is fed 8 times daily during the first deutero-albumose is thick, In feed artemia for 2 times, feed basal feed 6 times, day feeding volume changes during second deutero-albumose is thick according to weight 10% and feeds base daily Plinth feed 6 times, according to weight 5%, prawn of being subject to eats up day feeding volume in 1.5h;
(4) commercial sized prawn mature stage, mark extensive cultivation enter commercial sized prawn mature stage after growing, and the cultivation density of commercial sized prawn mature stage is 200 tails/m2, the cultivation control method of commercial sized prawn mature stage includes:
1. Water-quality control changes water depth control within 40cm daily during entire cultivation in 4 months, cultivation water is transparent Degree is maintained at 40-50cm, and dissolved oxygen is maintained at 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen < 0.03mg/L, nitrite nitrogen < 0.02mg/L, pH maintenance 8.0~8.5;
2. disease control fed pharmaceutical chemistry during commercial sized prawn mature stage with 3 days cycles, i.e., feed within first day mixed with feed It closes and accounts for the vitamin C of feed gross weight 3~5 ‰, feed within second day the allicin that feed gross weight 5 ‰ is mixed and accounted for feed, The liver Thailand that feed gross weight 3~5 ‰ are mixed and accounted for feed is fed within three days, until commercial sized prawn goes out pond;
3. commercial sized prawn mature stage is fed, the feed of commercial sized prawn mature stage is identical as the feed during mark extensive cultivation is grown, daily Feed basal feed 6 times, according to weight 5%, prawn of being subject to eats up day feeding volume in 1.5h.
The specific effect of the present invention
Penaeus monodon can be harvested for sale after cultivation 4 months when averagely 40 tail of shrimp per jin.The market price is in 45 yuan/jin Left and right, every cube of water body can extra earning 200-300 members, the commercial sized prawn appearance individual formed is sturdy, and body has dark brown in blackish green Cyclic annular speckle, feel is solid.In the case where controlling water quality and science is fed, disease is there's almost no in breeding process. For the strong feature of its dry tolerance, therefore, the Penaeus monodon that the method for the present invention is cultivated has wide support in the Yellow River northern area Grow foreground.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon, it is characterised in that including steps are as follows:
(1) transformation of shrimp-cultivation pool:Shrimp-cultivation pool is formed with sewage draining exit at shrimp ponds bottom centre, is being arranged using hardening pot bottom-shape shrimp ponds It is formed with leak pipe with holes at dirty mouth, a side of shrimp ponds is provided with water inlet pipe of the opening along pool wall direction, on water inlet pipe Trip is equipped with two level sand filtration treatment facility, and ultraviolet sterilization apparatus is equipped on water inlet pipe, meanwhile, the uniformly distributed 80- in shrimp ponds 120 gas stones carry out oxygenation;
(2) seed is put in a suitable place to breed
1. drawing seedling, seed is introduced by the end of August every year, 300,000 tails of weight specification/jin, vigor is healthy and strong, detection is virus-free;
2. seed launches and water quality management,
Water is sterilized before putting seedling first;
Lower water temperature can be put in a suitable place to breed seed to 22 DEG C -23 DEG C, breeding density is 10000 tails/m2, length specification is 0.8~1cm/ Tail puts seedling and water temperature was mentioned 28 DEG C rapidly by 22 DEG C -23 DEG C in second day, and salinity is gradually by 15 ‰ excessively to 8 ‰;
(3) mark extensive cultivation is grown,
1. mark extensive cultivation does not change water during growing, seed reaches 2cm/ tails after 14 days the first deutero-albumoses are thick after throwing seedling, and the first deutero-albumose is thick Latter pond point three ponds carry out until the 28th day the second deutero-albumose slightly terminates, after the second deutero-albumose is thick, when survival rate reach 60% again into Row divides pond, is 200 tails/m into density2Commercial sized prawn mature stage;
2. the basal feed of period is grown in mark extensive cultivation, each nutritional ingredient for including by mass percentage in basal feed meets in table 1 Ratio:
1 feed ingredient of table
3. feeding for period is grown in mark extensive cultivation, full pond feeds prawn slice before putting seedling, is fed 8 times daily during the first deutero-albumose is thick, wherein 2 times It feeds artemia, feeds basal feed 6 times, day feeding volume changes during second deutero-albumose is thick according to weight 10% and feeds basic feeding daily Material 6 times, according to weight 5%, prawn of being subject to eats up day feeding volume in 1.5h;
(4) commercial sized prawn mature stage, mark extensive cultivation enter commercial sized prawn mature stage after growing, the cultivation density of commercial sized prawn mature stage be 200 tails/ m2, the cultivation control method of commercial sized prawn mature stage includes:
1. Water-quality control changes water depth control within 40cm daily during entire cultivation in 4 months, cultivation water clarity is protected It holds in 40-50cm, dissolved oxygen is maintained at 6mg/L or more, and ammonia nitrogen < 0.03mg/L, nitrite nitrogen < 0.02mg/L, pH maintain 8.0 ~8.5;
2. disease control fed pharmaceutical chemistry during commercial sized prawn mature stage with 3 days cycles, i.e., feed within first day mixed with feed and It accounts for the vitamin C of feed gross weight 3~5 ‰, feed within second day the allicin that feed gross weight 5 ‰ is mixed and accounted for feed, third day The liver Thailand that feed gross weight 3~5 ‰ are mixed and accounted for feed is fed, until commercial sized prawn goes out pond;
3. commercial sized prawn mature stage is fed, the feed of commercial sized prawn mature stage is identical as the feed during mark extensive cultivation is grown, and feeds daily Basal feed 6 times, according to weight 5%, prawn of being subject to eats up day feeding volume in 1.5h.
2. the method for industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In the step (1) Shrimp ponds are built by concrete, cement and brick, depth of water 0.8-1.2m, and leak pipe with holes uses the perforated plastic pipe sleeve of diameter 10cm On sewage draining exit.
3. the method for industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In the step (3) The raw material that basal feed includes has:It is high-quality imported fish meal, squid powder, yeast, fairy shrimp, South Pole shrimp med, import fish oil, prebiotic Element, multidimensional and more mines.
CN201810280857.1A 2018-04-02 2018-04-02 A kind of method of industrial aquaculture Penaeus monodon Pending CN108477041A (en)

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CN110679525A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-14 江苏宝源生物科技有限公司 Industrial litopenaeus vannamei cultivation method, pollution discharge method and pollution discharge system
CN113016679A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-25 漳州闽辉铭智水产科技有限公司 Industrial culture method of penaeus monodon
CN114631505A (en) * 2022-04-01 2022-06-17 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) Method for thickening two-crop-one-year-old Penaeus japonicus fries
CN116267732A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-06-23 滨州市海洋发展研究院 Chloride type saline-alkali aqueous medium seed standard and coarse method for large-specification penaeus monodon in mid-latitude areas

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110679525A (en) * 2019-10-23 2020-01-14 江苏宝源生物科技有限公司 Industrial litopenaeus vannamei cultivation method, pollution discharge method and pollution discharge system
CN113016679A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-25 漳州闽辉铭智水产科技有限公司 Industrial culture method of penaeus monodon
CN114631505A (en) * 2022-04-01 2022-06-17 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) Method for thickening two-crop-one-year-old Penaeus japonicus fries
CN114631505B (en) * 2022-04-01 2022-11-25 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) Method for thickening two-crop-one-year-old Penaeus japonicus fries
CN116267732A (en) * 2023-03-27 2023-06-23 滨州市海洋发展研究院 Chloride type saline-alkali aqueous medium seed standard and coarse method for large-specification penaeus monodon in mid-latitude areas

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