CN112136754B - Aquatic product selective breeding system, freshwater shrimp selective breeding method and application - Google Patents
Aquatic product selective breeding system, freshwater shrimp selective breeding method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112136754B CN112136754B CN202011236072.8A CN202011236072A CN112136754B CN 112136754 B CN112136754 B CN 112136754B CN 202011236072 A CN202011236072 A CN 202011236072A CN 112136754 B CN112136754 B CN 112136754B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly discloses an aquatic product selection and culture system, a freshwater shrimp selection and culture method and application. According to the invention, aquatic product parents are placed in the egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, fertilized eggs are separated and collected after mating and spawning, larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs through the shrimp nest after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae for cultivation and management, then the water level is adjusted to count and weigh part of screened and collected aquatic products in the isolator, the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultivated aquatic products at different stages can be collected, the accurate breeding of large sample groups can be suitable through processing and calculating genetic parameters, the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and breeding equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups is solved, and the method has wide market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an aquatic product selective aquaculture system, a freshwater shrimp selective aquaculture method and application.
Background
Freshwater shrimps are excellent aquaculture products and high-grade aquatic products, and the freshwater shrimp cultivation field also achieves remarkable results along with the increasing of the technological support force of the freshwater shrimps in China and places, so that the freshwater shrimps are gradually going to common people's dining tables. At present, especially in the aspect of breeding freshwater shrimps, through long-term work of aquatic breeding scientists, new varieties with excellent seeds are cultivated, the yield and the product quality are greatly improved, but the breeding of freshwater shrimps is still a hot spot.
Generally, because of the ecological habits and characteristics of small freshwater shrimp individuals, fragile, intolerance to operation, egg-holding hatching and the like, the data acquisition of the countable characters and the quantitative characters is difficult, and the genetic breeding of freshwater shrimps is provided with a heavy obstacle. At present, the breeding process and implementation of freshwater shrimps are mainly carried out in a cement pond and a net cage, and equipment and facilities are rough and lagged, so that the breeding and breeding effects and survival rate are poor, and individuals are extremely easy to die due to carelessness; the breeding equipment occupied by breeding management for a plurality of groups and a plurality of families is huge, and the operation, the observation and the like are difficult; because of facility lag, the difference of system conditions can not avoid, larger system errors can be generated on breeding results, and the use of advanced technology is limited, for example, fluorescent markers and the like cannot be used for large-sample-number groups, so that further breeding progress of freshwater shrimps is limited.
Therefore, the prior freshwater shrimp culture technical scheme has the following defects in actual use: the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and breeding equipment has the problem that large sample groups cannot be accurately bred.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an aquatic product selection and breeding system, which aims to solve the problem that the conventional freshwater shrimp breeding and breeding equipment provided in the background technology cannot accurately breed large sample groups.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the aquatic product selection and cultivation system comprises a plurality of cultivation boxes for aquatic product cultivation and a water inlet pipe for conveying water to the cultivation boxes, and the aquatic product selection and cultivation system further comprises:
the egg-removing soaking device is arranged in the culture box and is used for mating and spawning of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, and the fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing;
the shrimp nest is arranged in the culture box and is communicated with the output end of the ovum-shedding soaking device, and is used for conveying the larvae to the culture box for culture and management after the fertilized eggs hatch to the larvae;
the discharging component is arranged at one side of the breeding box away from the water inlet pipe and used for discharging materials in the breeding box, and
The isolator is arranged on one side of the shrimp nest in the culture box, facing the discharge assembly, and is used for screening and collecting partial aquatic products in the culture box when the water level in the culture box is reduced, and lifting the water level in the culture box in the culture process so as to lift the isolator and count and weigh the aquatic products in the isolator.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a freshwater shrimp selective breeding method is provided, and the aquatic product selective breeding system is adopted, and the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method specifically includes the following steps: placing parent bodies (female freshwater shrimp and male freshwater shrimp) with synchronous gonad development period into an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, and separating and collecting fertilized eggs through the egg-removing soaking device after mating and spawning to generate fertilized eggs for counting and weighing; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to larvae through the shrimp nest, the larvae are conveyed to the shrimp nest for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae are counted; and in the cultivation process, the water level in the cultivation box is lifted to lift the isolator, and the part of aquatic products in the cultivation box which are screened and collected in the isolator are counted and weighed to realize selective breeding.
In another embodiment of the invention, the invention also provides an application of the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method in large-scale breeding of aquatic products. The aquatic products can be crayfish, freshwater shrimp, grass shrimp, prawn, open shrimp, crab, etc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the aquatic product selection and culture system comprises a culture box, a water inlet pipe, an egg-removing soaking device, a shrimp nest, a discharging component and an isolator, wherein the egg-removing soaking device is used for mating and spawning of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, the fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing, and the isolator is used for screening and collecting part of aquatic products in the culture box when the water level in the culture box is reduced so as to count and weigh the aquatic products in the isolator; the aquatic product parent body is placed in an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, and fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing after mating and spawning and fertilized egg generation; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to larvae through the shrimp nest, the larvae are conveyed to the shrimp nest for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae can be counted; then, the water level in the culture box is lifted in the culture process, so that the screened and collected partial aquatic products in the isolator are counted and weighed; therefore, the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultured aquatic products at different stages can be recorded, counted and collected by adopting a mode of a plurality of culture boxes, and then the genetic parameters are processed and calculated to provide basis for the next genetic selection, so that the method is suitable for the accurate breeding of large sample groups, solves the problem that the conventional freshwater shrimp breeding and culturing equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups, and has wide market prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aquatic product selective breeding system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cultivation box in an aquatic product selection cultivation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an egg-removing soaking device in an aquatic product selection and cultivation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a propagation container in an aquatic product selection and cultivation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an egg counter in an aquatic product selection and culture system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a box in an aquatic product selective culturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a shrimp nest in an aquatic product selection and cultivation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a single nest structure in an aquatic product selection and cultivation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an isolator in an aquatic product selective culturing system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a decontaminating apparatus in an aquatic product selective culturing system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a liquid container; 2-a propagation vessel; 3-a first drain pipe; 4-mesh; 5-solid surface dish; 6-funnel; 7-a filter; 8-counting cylinder; 9-a first flow regulating assembly; 10-a water inlet pipe; 11-a second flow regulating assembly; 12-a culture box; 13-connecting pipes; 14-a second drain pipe; 15-communicating pipes; 16-a water injection pipe; 17-a third flow regulating assembly; 18, a box body; 19-shrimp nest; 20-decontamination device; 21-a housing; 22-installation space; 23-a groove body; 24-drainage interface; 25-mounting seats; 26-single nest structure; 27-a fixing piece; 28-dense spacers; 29-a hydrophobic separator; 30-a net cage body; 31-solid surface body; 32-cover plate; 33-filtration pores; 34-a decontaminator body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention. For the sake of clarity of the technical solution of the present invention, the process steps and device structures well known in the art are omitted here.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, there is provided a block diagram of an aquatic product selective breeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the aquatic product selective breeding system including a plurality of breeding tanks 12 for breeding aquatic products, and a water inlet pipe 10 for feeding water to the breeding tanks 12, the aquatic product selective breeding system further including:
an egg-drop soaking device provided in the culture box 12 for mating and spawning of aquatic product parents to produce fertilized eggs, and separately collecting the fertilized eggs for counting and weighing;
a shrimp nest 19 disposed in the culture box 12 and communicating with the output end of the ovum-dropping soaking device for delivering the larvae to the fertilized eggs for culture and management after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae;
a discharging component arranged on one side of the cultivation box 12 far away from the water inlet pipe 10 and used for discharging the materials in the cultivation box 12, and
the isolator is arranged on one side of the shrimp nest 19 in the culture box 12 facing the discharge assembly, and is used for screening and collecting part of aquatic products in the culture box 12 when the water level in the culture box 12 is lowered, and lifting the water level in the culture box 12 in the culture process so as to lift the isolator and count and weigh the aquatic products in the isolator.
In the embodiment of the invention, female parents and male parents are selected from aquatic product breeding family groups and placed in an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, and fertilized eggs are separated and collected through the egg-removing soaking device for counting and weighing after mating and spawning and fertilized egg generation; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to larvae through the shrimp nest 19, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae can be counted; then lifting the water level in the culture box 12 in the culture process to lift the isolator and count and weigh partial aquatic products screened and collected in the isolator in the culture box 12; therefore, by adopting a plurality of cultivation boxes 12, the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultivated aquatic products at different stages can be recorded, counted and collected, the classification record is carried out according to the family or group numbers, then the big data processing is carried out according to the breeding software, the genetic parameters are calculated (the prior art can be adopted and not described here in detail) and the basis is provided for the next genetic selection, so that the method is suitable for the accurate breeding of large sample groups, and the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding and cultivation equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups is solved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet pipe 10 is provided with at least one first flow adjusting component 9, and the water inlet pipe 10 can be opened and closed by the first flow adjusting component 9, so that the flow of the material conveyed into the cultivation box 12 can be regulated and controlled, and the water level in the cultivation box 12 can be raised and lowered by regulation and control.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of cultivation boxes 12 may be fixedly installed on an external wall or equipment, or may be detachably installed, and specifically, the detachable connection may be implemented by bolts, nuts, buckles, screws, etc., and the embodiment of the present invention uses bolting as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be adaptively adjusted according to installation environments.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ovum-removing soaking device comprises a liquid container 1 and a plurality of propagation containers 2 arranged in the liquid container 1, wherein a first drain pipe 3 is arranged on one side of the liquid container 1 facing the shrimp nest 19.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the propagation container 2 may specifically be a propagation vessel, where the propagation vessel includes a solid surface vessel 5 and a mesh 4 disposed on the solid surface vessel 5, and the mesh 4 surrounds the solid surface vessel 5 and is disposed at an upper end of the solid surface vessel, so that a structure capable of holding a certain solution and allowing the solution on an upper portion to flow out is formed.
In yet another embodiment of the invention, the liquid container 1 is preferably large and shallow in area, and its maximum height submerges the solid portion (solid dish 5) of the lower end of the dish so that liquid can enter the dish. The propagation dish is square, the small part of the lower end is a solid dish 5, and the upper part of the propagation dish is composed of a net sheet 4. When the product is freshwater shrimps, mating parent shrimps, spawning, and culturing freshwater shrimp larvae and shrimp fries can be completed in an egg-drop soaking device and placed in a culture box 12; when in debonding, the egg-holding shrimp is immersed in the egg-removing liquid (the prior art is adopted and is not repeated here) in the liquid container 1 placed in the egg-holding shrimp, so that the fertilized eggs can be obtained through egg removal.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the first drain pipe 3 is provided with a drain switch, which may be an existing product such as a valve, and the specific model is selected according to the requirement, which is not limited herein.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the egg-removing soaking device further comprises an egg counter for separating and collecting the fertilized eggs for counting, the egg counter comprises a funnel 6 and a counting barrel 8, an opening of the funnel 6 is used for inputting the fertilized eggs, a filter 7 for separating the fertilized eggs is arranged in the funnel 6, one end of the funnel 6 away from the opening is detachably connected with the counting barrel 8, and a through hole is arranged at the end of the counting barrel 8.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, when the egg is removed, the egg-holding shrimp is immersed in the liquid-holding container 1 (which may be in the prior art and will not be described in detail here), the fertilized eggs obtained by the egg removal flow out from the mesh of the net sheet 4, and the propagation container 2 is placed in the opening of the funnel 6, so as to catch the flowing fertilized eggs, or the fertilized eggs may be manually fished out and placed in the funnel 6, so that the fertilized eggs are input, and the specific mode is selected according to the requirement, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In one example of the present invention, it is preferable that, after fertilized eggs are inputted, separation screening of fertilized eggs and removal of the culture water are achieved by the filter 7, and then the filter 7 is taken out and the fertilized eggs are fed to the counting cylinder 8 for counting and weighing.
In a further example of the invention, fertilized eggs and freshwater shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter, the upper end of the egg counter is provided with a funnel 6, the lower half part of the funnel 6 is provided with a filter 7, the filter 7 can be a water permeable net sheet, the lower end of the funnel 6 is connected with a counting cylinder 8, the counting cylinder 8 is provided with scales, the bottom of the counting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of micropores, when fertilized eggs are counted, fertilized eggs separated from the breeding container 2 are poured into the egg counter together with a small amount of water, most of water flows out along with the filter 7, fertilized eggs are collected in the counting cylinder along with gravity, and the total number is calculated according to the number of unit scales; the method for counting larvae is the same as the above.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharging assembly includes a second drain pipe 14 disposed at a side of the cultivation box 12 remote from the water inlet pipe 10, two adjacent second drain pipes 14 are communicated through a connection pipe 13, and a plurality of second flow rate adjusting assemblies 11 are disposed on the connection pipe 13.
In the embodiment of the invention, the second drain pipe 14 and the connecting pipe 13 can be adjusted to be opened and closed by the second flow adjusting assembly 11, so that materials in the culture box 12 can be discharged.
In one embodiment of the invention, preferably, the water source pool of the aquatic product selection and cultivation system is an externally arranged water cultivation pool and a grass type pool, the water cultivation pool is specially used for cultivating water, the water cultivation method is the same as that of shrimp larvae to go into the pond, and partial baits are provided for the freshwater shrimp larvae; the grass pond is a grass planting pond and is used for providing a water source for the adult freshwater shrimp culture, and the water inlet pipe 10 and the discharging component are respectively connected with the water source pond through pipelines.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture tank 12 includes a tank body 18 and a decontaminating apparatus 20, the tank body 18 includes a housing 21 and a mounting space 22 provided in the housing 21, and the mounting space 22 is used for mounting the shrimp nest 19.
In the embodiment of the invention, the decontaminating device 20 is provided with a third flow adjusting component 17 for controlling the opening and closing, and the opening and closing of the decontaminating device 20 are controlled by the adjustment of the third flow adjusting component 17, so that the generated dirt can be discharged out of the box 18 through the decontaminating device 20, thereby being beneficial to ensuring the sanitation and hygiene of the culture environment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the housing 21 is preferably square, and the installation space 22 is an inverted quadrangular pyramid, that is, the whole case 18 is square at the upper part, square at the middle part, and rectangular at the bottom.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water inlet pipe 10 is communicated with a water injection pipe 16 disposed in the box 18 through a communication pipe 15, and a plurality of openings are formed in the water injection pipe 16 for injecting materials into the box 18.
In one embodiment of the invention, the water injection pipe 16 is connected with the water inlet pipe 10 through a communication pipeline 15, the water injection pipe 16 is a single row of porous pipes, the water injection pipes are arranged on the upper edges of two opposite sides of the culture box 12, when water is fed, impact force along the downward direction of the wall is formed, water flowing environment and deposited impurities are caused, and the water injection pipe 16 is parallel to a rectangular groove at the bottom of the culture box 12.
As shown in fig. 6-10, further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove 23 for installing the decontaminating apparatus 20 is communicated with an end of the installation space 22 away from the water inlet pipe 10, and a drain port 24 is disposed at an end of the groove 23 away from the water inlet pipe 10, that is, the groove 23 is an oblong groove at the bottom of the cultivation box 12, and the decontaminating apparatus 20 is disposed in the oblong groove to collect and remove dirt.
In the embodiment of the invention, the isolator comprises a net cage body 30 for being connected with the shrimp nest 19, wherein the other end of the net cage body 30 is connected with a solid surface body 31, specifically, the net cage body 30 is square at the upper opening and can be attached to the joint of the upper middle part of the cage body 18, the lower bottom is contracted square, and the structure of the net cage body 30 with the upper part being the isolator and the solid surface body 31 with the lower part being the isolator is formed. When the water level of the culture tank 12 falls, freshwater shrimps automatically collect in the water in the solid surface body 31. The shrimp nest 19 is removed and the freshwater shrimps in the solid body 31 can be counted and metered.
In one example of the present invention, the decontaminating apparatus 20 includes a decontaminating apparatus body 34 disposed in the tank 23, a plurality of filtering holes 33 are disposed at an upper end opening of the decontaminating apparatus body 34, and a cover plate 32 for closing the upper end opening of the decontaminating apparatus body 34 is further disposed on the decontaminating apparatus body 34.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the decontaminating apparatus main body 34 is a water truck column, the filtering holes 33 are strip-shaped holes and are uniformly arranged at the opening of the upper end of the decontaminating apparatus main body 34, the cover plate 32 is a strip-shaped cover plate, the strip-shaped cover plate covers the upper opening of the rectangular slot at the bottom of the cultivation box 12, and the water truck column is suspended under the strip-shaped cover plate.
In another example of the invention, the water wheel column is sealed by two ends, the surface of the water wheel column is provided with a plurality of inclined planes tangent to the surface of the column to form an inclined groove, the edge of the inclined groove is provided with a brush, water flowing from the strip-shaped hole cover plate drives the water wheel column to rotate unidirectionally, and the brush brushes the strip-shaped hole to prevent blockage.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shrimp nest 19 includes a mounting seat 25, a plurality of single nest structures 26 are disposed on the mounting seat 25 in parallel, the single nest structures 26 are connected with the mounting seat 25 through fixing members 27, the single nest structures 26 include a single nest main body disposed on the mounting seat 25, and a plurality of close spacers 28 and a plurality of loose spacers 29 are disposed on the single nest main body in an array.
In one embodiment of the invention, preferably, the shrimp nest 19 is placed on the isolator, the mounting seat 25 is a plurality of square table boards with small upper part and large lower part, each table board forms a single nest structure 26, the fixing pieces 27 (i.e. fixing columns) for fixing the square table boards are four corners, the whole body is in a quadrangular table shape, each table board is a vertical separation structure except the top table board, the separation structure comprises a dense separation part and a sparse separation part, namely, the dense separation parts 28 form the dense separation part, the sparse separation parts form the sparse separation part and the dense separation part, the sparse separation parts and the dense separation parts are relatively vertical, freshwater shrimps can inhabit, ingest and unshelling on different separation spaces and surfaces, and during feeding, the feed can fall to the periphery of each table board, so that the feeding density of different layers of shrimps can be increased and the fight damage can be reduced.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the first flow regulating assembly 9, the second flow regulating assembly 11, and the third flow regulating assembly 17 may be valve products in the prior art, and the valves may be controlled by using various transmission manners, such as manual, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, turbine, electromagnetic hydraulic, electro-hydraulic, pneumatic, spur gear, bevel gear driving, etc., preferably, the flow regulating assembly 24 is an electromagnetic flow valve in the existing products, and the specific model is selected according to the requirement, and is not limited herein, so long as the valve can act according to the preset requirement under the action of pressure, temperature or other sensing signals, or simply open or close without depending on the sensing signals, so as to change the flow passage area thereof to realize the control function thereof.
In yet another example of the present invention, the water injection and drainage control of the aquatic product selection cultivation system is realized based on a combination of a plurality of cultivation boxes 12, and the cultivation system formed by other facilities can supply water to a plurality of cultivation boxes 12 by opening a valve of a water inlet pipe 10 (a total water inlet pipe); the second flow rate adjusting assembly 11 (total drainage control) is opened, and a plurality of cultivation boxes 12 can be uniformly drained. Preferably, the drainage master control also comprises a control handle, a connecting chain and a drainage valve handle. The connecting chain is connected with a plurality of drain valves at the same position and then connected with the control handle, and each drain valve is opened and closed by moving the control handle.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a freshwater shrimp selective breeding method, which adopts the aquatic product selective breeding system, and specifically comprises the following steps: placing parent bodies (female freshwater shrimp and male freshwater shrimp) with synchronous gonad development period into an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, and separating and collecting fertilized eggs through the egg-removing soaking device after mating and spawning to generate fertilized eggs for counting and weighing; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to larvae through the shrimp nest 19, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae are counted; and in the cultivation process, the water level in the cultivation box 12 is lifted to lift the isolator, and part of aquatic products in the cultivation box 12 which are screened and collected in the isolator are counted and weighed to realize selective breeding.
In still another embodiment of the present invention, the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method specifically includes the following steps:
first), freshwater shrimp selection and mating: in the breeding season of freshwater shrimps, the freshwater shrimps are subjected to intensified cultivation according to a conventional method, so that the gonad development period is synchronous. Wherein, the freshwater shrimp is selected in breeding population, including family population or strain or region population, female freshwater shrimp and male freshwater shrimp are selected, and placed in a breeding dish (namely a breeding container 2) according to a certain proportion for breeding and management, and the breeding dish is placed in a breeding box 12. The number of propagation dishes is determined according to the number of the groups and the size of the samples. When female freshwater shrimps are found to hold eggs, the breeding dishes are slightly lifted until water just submerges shrimp bodies, male shrimps are removed, and only the eggs of the female freshwater shrimps are kept and kept in the breeding dishes for cultivation. In this stage, freshwater shrimps and female shrimps which are in front of the eggs can be weighed.
Second), natural hatching or debonding hatching: when freshwater shrimps are cultured in a breeding dish for a certain period, the fertilized eggs are peeled off in vitro when the fertilized eggs develop to the eyespot. The specific method is that the female shrimp holding eggs is lightly held by one hand, and fertilized eggs are brushed by the writing brush by the other hand. Before in vitro stripping, the female shrimp with eggs and the propagation dish are transferred into the egg-removing liquid, and the concentration of the egg-removing liquid is half of the normal concentration. The fertilized eggs in vitro are hatched and sprouted in a common incubator. In this stage, the female shrimp after ovum removal can be weighed, and the fertilized ovum removed and the hatched shrimp larvae can be counted in an ovum counter.
Third), shrimp larva stage selection: and (3) taking the newly hatched young shrimps, continuously culturing the young shrimps in the same quantity in a propagation dish until the young shrimps are transformed, lifting the propagation dish, and directly placing the young shrimps with the same quantity into the culture box 12 for culturing and management. The larvae can be counted during this stage.
Fourth), selecting a stage of growing shrimps: from the young shrimp to the stage of shrimp formation in the incubator 12. In the cultivation process, the water level can be lowered to lift the isolator, the shrimps in the isolator are counted and weighed, then the cultivation in the cultivation box 12 is continued until the next propagation season, and the breeding is selected again according to the steps.
Fifth), data arrangement: the weight, the number of eggs, the number of larvae, the number of shrimp larvae, the weight of individuals in different growth stages, the survival rate, the egg yield and the like of freshwater shrimps are classified according to the family or group numbers, the electronic forms are input item by item, and then big data are processed according to breeding software to calculate genetic parameters, so that basis is provided for the next genetic selection.
In order to specifically explain the defects that the error of the existing freshwater shrimp selection system is larger, the large sample group cannot be processed, the operation is difficult, the stress resistance of the breeding process to external factors is poor, various breeding methods are difficult to develop and the like can be overcome, the following specific setting examples of the aquatic product selection breeding system are provided for several aquatic products:
example 1
5 months, carrying out family breeding on freshwater shrimps, preparing to establish 200 families, and carrying out family selection in an aquatic product selection breeding system, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. system equipment technology
In this embodiment, the aquatic product selection and cultivation system includes:
1) Ovum dropping soaking device: the device comprises a liquid container 1 and a plurality of propagation containers 2 arranged in the liquid container 1, wherein the propagation containers 2 can be propagation dishes, the area of the liquid container 1 is larger and shallower, and the maximum height of liquid is submerged in a real-face part (real-face dish 5) at the lower end of the propagation dish, so that liquid can enter the propagation dish. The propagation dish is square, the small part of the lower end is a solid dish 5, and the upper part of the propagation dish is composed of a net sheet 4. When the product is freshwater shrimps, mating parent shrimps, spawning, and culturing freshwater shrimp larvae and shrimp fries can be completed in an egg-drop soaking device and placed in a culture box 12; when in debonding, the egg-holding shrimp is immersed in the egg-removing liquid (the prior art is adopted and is not repeated here) in the liquid container 1 placed in the egg-holding shrimp, so that the fertilized eggs can be obtained through egg removal. Fertilized eggs and freshwater shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter. The upper end of the egg counter is a funnel-shaped funnel 6, the lower half part of the funnel 6 is provided with a filter element 7, the filter element 7 can be a water permeable dense net sheet, the lower end of the funnel 6 is connected with a counting cylinder 8, the counting cylinder 8 is provided with scales, the bottom of the counting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of micropores, when fertilized eggs are counted, fertilized eggs separated from the breeding container 2 in vitro are poured into the egg counter together with a small amount of water, most of water flows out along with the filter element 7, fertilized eggs are collected in the counting cylinder along with gravity, and the total number is calculated according to the number of unit scales; the method for counting larvae is the same as the above.
2) The breeding device comprises: including a habitat 12, a water intake and discharge system (i.e., water intake pipe 10 and discharge assembly) and a water source tank. The water source pool of the aquatic product selection and cultivation system is a water cultivation pool and a grass type pool which are arranged outside, the water cultivation pool is specially used for cultivating water, the water cultivation method is the same as that of a shrimp larva fat water pond, and partial bait is provided for freshwater shrimp larvae; the grass pond is a grass planting pond and is used for providing a water source for the adult freshwater shrimp culture, and the water inlet pipe 10 and the discharging component are respectively connected with the water source pond through pipelines. The culture box 12 comprises a box body 18, a water injection pipe 16, a shrimp nest 19, an isolator, a decontaminating device 20, a discharging component and the like.
In this embodiment, the box 18 has a square upper portion, a rectangular middle portion, a rectangular bottom portion, and a drain pipe joint at the bottom of the rectangular bottom portion.
The water injection pipe 16 is connected with the water inlet pipe 10 through a communication pipeline 15, the water injection pipe 16 is a single row of porous pipes, the water injection pipe 16 is arranged on the upper edges of two opposite sides of the cultivation box 12, when water is fed, impact force along the downward direction of the wall is formed, so that a running water environment and deposited impurities are caused, and the water injection pipe 16 is parallel to a rectangular groove at the bottom of the cultivation box 12.
The shrimp nest 19 is arranged on the isolator, the shrimp nest 19 comprises a mounting seat 25, the mounting seat 25 is a plurality of square table tops with small upper part and large lower part, each table top forms a single nest structure 26, four corner fixing pieces 27 (namely fixing columns) for fixing the square table tops are arranged on the square table tops, the whole shrimp nest 19 is in a quadrangular frustum shape, each table top is a vertical separation structure except the top table top, the separation structure comprises a dense separation part and a sparse separation part, namely the dense separation parts are formed by a plurality of dense separation pieces 28, the sparse separation parts are formed by a plurality of sparse separation pieces 29, the sparse separation parts and the dense separation parts are relatively vertical, freshwater shrimps can perch, ingest and unshelling on different separation spaces and surfaces, and during feeding, feeds can fall to the periphery of each table top, so that the culture density of the shrimps can be increased and the fight damage can be reduced.
The isolator comprises a net box body 30 used for being connected with the shrimp nest 19, the other end of the net box body 30 is connected with a solid surface body 31, specifically, the net box body 30 is square in upper opening, can be attached to the upper middle connecting part of the box body 18, is square in lower bottom, and forms a structure of the net box body 30 with the upper part being the isolator and the solid surface body 31 with the lower part being the isolator. When the water level of the culture tank 12 falls, freshwater shrimps automatically collect in the water in the solid surface body 31. The shrimp nest 19 is removed and the freshwater shrimps in the solid body 31 can be counted and metered.
Wherein, the decontaminating device 20 is arranged in a rectangular groove at the bottom of the box 18, and plays a role in collecting and removing dirt. The decontaminating apparatus 20 is divided into a strip-shaped deck and a waterwheel column. The strip-shaped hole cover plate covers the upper opening of the rectangular groove, the waterwheel column is suspended under the cover plate, the waterwheel column is sealed by circles at two ends, a plurality of inclined planes tangent to the surface of the column form an inclined groove on the surface, a hairbrush is arranged at the edge of the inclined groove, water flowing down from the strip-shaped hole cover plate drives the waterwheel column to rotate unidirectionally, and the hairbrush brushes the strip-shaped hole to prevent blocking.
3) And (3) water injection and drainage control: the water injection and drainage control of the aquatic product selection culture system is realized on the basis of a plurality of culture boxes 12 which are combined together, and the culture system consisting of other facilities can supply water to a plurality of culture boxes 12 by opening a valve of a water inlet pipe 10 (a total water inlet pipe); the second flow rate adjusting assembly 11 (total drainage control) is opened, and a plurality of cultivation boxes 12 can be uniformly drained. Preferably, the drainage master control also comprises a control handle, a connecting chain and a drainage valve handle. The connecting chain is connected with a plurality of drain valves at the same position and then connected with the control handle, and each drain valve is opened and closed by moving the control handle. During the cultivation process, water and impurities are deposited at the bottom of the cultivation tank 12 through the net body of the separator, and are discharged outside the tank through the decontaminating apparatus 20 when discharged.
2. Family selection
1) Selection and mating of parent shrimps: in the breeding season of freshwater shrimps, the freshwater shrimps are subjected to intensified cultivation according to a conventional method, so that the gonad development period is synchronous. Wherein, the selection of freshwater shrimps is that in breeding population, female 220 tail and male 220 tail of freshwater shrimps are selected, and more than 10% are used as reproduction guarantee. The shrimp nest is placed in a breeding dish according to the proportion of 1 male and 1 female for breeding and management, and the breeding dish is placed on top of a shrimp nest 19 in a breeding box 12. 220 each of the incubator 12 and the propagation dishes. When female freshwater shrimps in the breeding dishes are found to hold eggs, the breeding dishes are slightly lifted until water just submerges shrimp bodies, male shrimps are removed, and the eggs-holding shrimps continue to be cultured in the breeding dishes. In this stage, the male and female freshwater shrimps and the egg-holding shrimp before egg holding can be weighed.
2) Debonding and hatching: when the breeding dishes are bred for a certain period, the oosperm are stripped off in vitro when the oosperm develop to the eyespot. The specific method is that the female shrimp holding eggs is lightly held by one hand, and fertilized eggs are brushed by the writing brush by the other hand. Before in-vitro stripping, the female shrimp with eggs are moved into the egg-removing liquid together with the propagation dish, the egg-removing liquid has the concentration which is half of the normal concentration, and the time for soaking the normal eggs or the time for soaking the normal eggs in the normal concentration is half of the time. The fertilized eggs in vitro are hatched and sprouted in a common incubator. Female shrimp after ovum removal can be weighed in this stage, and the fertilized ovum removed and the hatched shrimp larvae can be counted in an ovum counter.
3) Shrimp larva stage selection: and (3) taking 1500 newly hatched seedlings, continuously culturing in respective propagation dishes until the metamorphosis is completed to the young shrimps, lifting the propagation dishes, and directly placing 500 young shrimps into the culture box 12 for culturing and management. The larvae can be counted during this stage.
4) Stage selection of shrimp culture: from the young shrimp to the stage of shrimp formation in the incubator 12. When the larvae grow to about 2 cm, 100 larvae are retained per incubator 12. In the middle and final stages of the cultivation process, the water level is lowered to lift the isolator, the shrimps in the isolator are counted and weighed, and then the cultivation in the cultivation box 12 is continued until the 5 th month of the next breeding season, and the breeding is selected again according to the steps.
5) Data arrangement: the number of families is 207, and the number of families is set up according to the sequence of the columns: family number, individual weights (female and male freshwater shrimps, egg-holding shrimp), egg grain number, hatching larvae, survival rate (two stages), final individual weight, total 10 columns, 50 growth weight measurements of each family, inputting an electronic table item by item, total 2 ten thousand of original data, carrying out dimensionless data substitution, carrying out large data processing according to breeding software, calculating genetic parameters, sequencing genetic breeding values, and providing basis for next genetic selection.
In the embodiment, the invention provides a freshwater shrimp family selection method and system equipment, which can obviously reduce systematic errors, are suitable for large sample mass propagation, cultivation and acquisition of quantitative traits of a plurality of families or groups, and can increase operability and accuracy of genetic breeding and accelerate breeding process. The invention can realize mating, debonding, hatching, fertilized egg counting and shrimp seedling counting of freshwater shrimp in the processes of breeding young shrimps and adult shrimps by equipment in the selection process, and implementation and data acquisition of different genetic breeding selection methods.
Example 2
5 months, carrying out family breeding on freshwater shrimps, preparing to establish 100 families, and carrying out family selection in an aquatic product selection breeding system, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. system equipment technology
In this embodiment, the aquatic product selection and cultivation system includes:
1) Non-egg shedding hatching: the propagation container 2 is specifically a square propagation vessel, the small part of the lower end of the propagation vessel is a solid surface vessel 5, and the upper part of the propagation vessel is formed by a net sheet 4. Parent shrimp mating, oviposition, freshwater shrimp larvae and shrimp larvae cultivation can be accomplished therein and placed into the cultivation box 12; fertilized eggs and freshwater shrimp larvae can be counted in an egg counter. The upper end of the egg counter is a funnel-shaped funnel 6, the lower half part of the funnel 6 is provided with a filter element 7, the filter element 7 can be a water permeable dense net sheet, the lower end of the funnel 6 is connected with a counting cylinder 8, the counting cylinder 8 is provided with scales, the bottom of the counting cylinder 8 is provided with a plurality of micropores, when fertilized eggs are counted, fertilized eggs separated from the breeding container 2 in vitro are poured into the egg counter together with a small amount of water, most of water flows out along with the filter element 7, fertilized eggs are collected in the counting cylinder along with gravity, and the total number is calculated according to the number of unit scales; the method for counting larvae is the same as the above
2) The breeding device comprises: including a habitat 12, a water intake and discharge system (i.e., water intake pipe 10 and discharge assembly) and a water source tank. The water source pool of the aquatic product selection and cultivation system is a water cultivation pool and a grass type pool which are arranged outside, the water cultivation pool is specially used for cultivating water, the water cultivation method is the same as that of a shrimp larva fat water pond, and partial bait is provided for freshwater shrimp larvae; the grass pond is a grass planting pond and is used for providing a water source for the adult freshwater shrimp culture, and the water inlet pipe 10 and the discharging component are respectively connected with the water source pond through pipelines. The culture box 12 comprises a box body 18, a water injection pipe 16, a shrimp nest 19, an isolator, a decontaminating device 20, a discharging component and the like.
In this embodiment, the box 18 has a square upper portion, a rectangular middle portion, a rectangular bottom portion, and a drain pipe joint at the bottom of the rectangular bottom portion. The water injection pipe 16 is connected with the water inlet pipe 10 through a communication pipeline 15, the water injection pipe 16 is a single row of porous pipes, the water injection pipe 16 is arranged on the upper edges of two opposite sides of the culture box 12, impact force along the downward direction of the wall is formed during water inlet, a running water environment and deposited impurities are caused, and the water injection pipe 16 is parallel to a rectangular groove at the bottom of the culture box 12.
The shrimp nest 19 is arranged on the isolator, the shrimp nest 19 comprises a mounting seat 25, the mounting seat 25 is a plurality of square table tops with small upper part and large lower part, each table top forms a single nest structure 26, four corner fixing pieces 27 (namely fixing columns) for fixing the square table tops are arranged on the square table tops, the whole shrimp nest 19 is in a quadrangular frustum shape, each table top is a vertical separation structure except the top table top, the separation structure comprises a dense separation part and a sparse separation part, namely the dense separation parts are formed by a plurality of dense separation pieces 28, the sparse separation parts are formed by a plurality of sparse separation pieces 29, the sparse separation parts and the dense separation parts are relatively vertical, freshwater shrimps can perch, ingest and unshelling on different separation spaces and surfaces, and during feeding, feeds can fall to the periphery of each table top, so that the culture density of the shrimps can be increased and the fight damage can be reduced.
The isolator comprises a net box body 30 used for being connected with the shrimp nest 19, the other end of the net box body 30 is connected with a solid surface body 31, specifically, the net box body 30 is square in upper opening, can be attached to the upper middle connecting part of the box body 18, is square in lower bottom, and forms a structure of the net box body 30 with the upper part being the isolator and the solid surface body 31 with the lower part being the isolator. When the water level of the culture tank 12 falls, freshwater shrimps automatically collect in the water in the solid surface body 31. The shrimp nest 19 is removed and the freshwater shrimps in the solid body 31 can be counted and metered.
Wherein, the decontaminating device 20 is arranged in a rectangular groove at the bottom of the box 18, and plays a role in collecting and removing dirt. The decontaminating apparatus 20 is divided into a strip-shaped deck and a waterwheel column. The strip-shaped hole cover plate covers the upper opening of the rectangular groove, the waterwheel column is suspended under the cover plate, the waterwheel column is sealed by circles at two ends, a plurality of inclined planes tangent to the surface of the column form an inclined groove on the surface, a hairbrush is arranged at the edge of the inclined groove, water flowing down from the strip-shaped hole cover plate drives the waterwheel column to rotate unidirectionally, and the hairbrush brushes the strip-shaped hole to prevent blocking.
3) And (3) water injection and drainage control: the water injection and drainage control of the aquatic product selection culture system is realized on the basis of a plurality of culture boxes 12 which are combined together, and the culture system consisting of other facilities can supply water to a plurality of culture boxes 12 by opening a valve of a water inlet pipe 10 (a total water inlet pipe); the second flow rate adjusting assembly 11 (total drainage control) is opened, and a plurality of cultivation boxes 12 can be uniformly drained. Preferably, the drainage master control also comprises a control handle, a connecting chain and a drainage valve handle. The connecting chain is connected with a plurality of drain valves at the same position and then connected with the control handle, and each drain valve is opened and closed by moving the control handle. During the cultivation process, water and impurities are deposited at the bottom of the cultivation tank 12 through the net body of the separator, and are discharged outside the tank through the decontaminating apparatus 20 when discharged.
2. Family population composite selection
1) Selection and mating of parent shrimps: in the breeding season of freshwater shrimps, the freshwater shrimps are subjected to intensified cultivation according to a conventional method, so that the gonad development period is synchronous. In 100 family groups, each family selects freshwater shrimps, wherein, the male shrimps are 6 tails and the female shrimps are 18 tails, each family is repeated for 3 times, each repeated 2 male and 6 female are respectively placed in each breeding dish for breeding and management, and the breeding dishes are placed on the top of a shrimp nest 19 in a breeding box 12. 300 each of the incubator 12 and the propagation dishes. When female freshwater shrimps in the breeding dishes are found to hold eggs, the breeding dishes are slightly lifted until water just submerges shrimp bodies, male shrimps are removed, and the eggs-holding shrimps continue to be cultured in the breeding dishes. In this stage, the male and female freshwater shrimps and the egg-holding shrimp before egg holding can be weighed.
2) Natural incubation: and (5) culturing the egg-holding shrimps in a propagation vessel until the eggs are hatched and the young shrimps are removed, so that the freshwater shrimp larvae can be continuously cultured in the egg-holding shrimps. In this stage, the female shrimp after ovum removal can be weighed, and the hatched shrimp larvae can be counted in an ovum counter.
3) Shrimp larva stage selection: 3000 newly hatched seedlings are taken and continuously cultivated in respective propagation dishes until the metamorphosis is completed to the young shrimps, the propagation dishes are lifted, and 1000 young shrimps are selected to be directly put into the cultivation box 12 for cultivation and management. The larvae can be counted during this stage.
4) Stage selection of shrimp culture: from the young shrimp to the stage of shrimp formation in the incubator 12. When the larvae grow to about 2 cm, 300 larvae are retained per incubator 12. At the middle and end of the cultivation process, the water level is lowered to lift the isolator, the shrimp in the isolator are counted and weighed, and 50 individual shrimp are randomly selected for weighing in each cultivation box 12. And then the seed conservation cultivation is continued in the cultivation box 12 until the propagation season of 5 months in the next year.
5) Data arrangement: the 293 families are built together this time according to the column number sequence: family group number, individual weights (female and male parent shrimp, egg-holding shrimp, female shrimp after egg holding), hatching out larvae, survival rate (two stages), final individual weight, 150 growth weight measurements of each group, inputting electronic forms item by item, carrying out data dimensionless substitution on more than 2 ten thousand pieces of original data, carrying out large data processing according to breeding software, calculating genetic parameters, carrying out group expansion on the first 3 groups with higher genetic breeding values, and carrying out pond culture performance test.
The embodiment of the invention provides an aquatic product selection and culture system, which comprises a culture box 12, a water inlet pipe 10, an egg-removing soaking device, a shrimp nest 19, a discharging component and an isolator, wherein the egg-removing soaking device is used for mating and spawning of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized eggs, and the fertilized eggs are separated and collected for counting and weighing; a shrimp nest 19 is arranged in the culture box 12 and is communicated with the output end of the ovum-taking-off soaking device, and is used for conveying the larvae to the culture box for culture and management after the fertilized eggs hatch to the larvae; the isolator is arranged in the culture box 12 and is used for screening and collecting partial aquatic products in the culture box 12 when the water level in the culture box 12 is lowered, and the water level in the culture box 12 can be lifted in the culture process so as to lift the isolator and count and weigh the aquatic products in the isolator, and a freshwater shrimp selective culture method is provided based on the aquatic product selective culture system, female parents and male parents are selected in a aquatic product breeding family group and placed in an egg-removing soaking device for culture and management, and fertilized eggs are separated and collected through the egg-removing soaking device for counting and weighing after mating and spawning and fertilized eggs are generated; then, after the fertilized eggs are hatched to larvae through the shrimp nest 19, the larvae are conveyed to the fertilized eggs for cultivation and management, and the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae can be counted; then lifting the water level in the culture box 12 in the culture process to lift the isolator and count and weigh partial aquatic products screened and collected in the isolator in the culture box 12; therefore, by adopting a plurality of cultivation boxes 12, the weight, the number, the survival rate and the like of the cultivated aquatic products at different stages can be recorded, counted and collected, the classification record is carried out according to the family or group numbers, then the big data is processed according to the breeding software, the genetic parameters are calculated, and the basis is provided for the next genetic selection, so that the method is suitable for the accurate breeding of large sample groups, and the problem that the existing freshwater shrimp breeding cultivation equipment cannot accurately breed the large sample groups is solved.
The aquatic product selection and cultivation system provided by the invention has the advantages of small occupied area, easiness in operation and small damage to living bodies of freshwater shrimps in each stage; the method is simple and practical, and the data acquisition is easy; the management of a large number of families or groups is easy, and the system conditions are consistent; small systematic error, etc. The electrical appliances in the connection device can be connected with an external main controller and 220V mains supply, and the main controller can be conventional known equipment for controlling a computer and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An aquatic product selection and cultivation system comprising a plurality of cultivation boxes for aquatic product cultivation and a water inlet pipe for conveying water to the cultivation boxes, characterized in that the aquatic product selection and cultivation system further comprises:
an ovum-shedding soaking device for mating and spawning of aquatic product parents to generate fertilized ovum, and separating and collecting the fertilized ovum for counting;
the shrimp nest is arranged in the culture box and is used for culturing and managing the larvae after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae;
the discharging component is arranged at one side of the breeding box away from the water inlet pipe and used for discharging materials in the breeding box, and
the isolator is arranged in the culture box towards one side of the discharge assembly, the shrimp nest is used for screening and collecting partial aquatic products in the culture box when the water level in the culture box drops, the water level in the culture box can be lifted in the culture process, the isolator is lifted, the aquatic products in the isolator are counted and weighed, the egg-removing soaking device comprises a liquid container and a plurality of propagation containers arranged in the liquid container, the propagation containers are used for mating parents and spawning, one side of the liquid container is provided with a first drain pipe, the egg-removing soaking device further comprises an egg meter used for separating and collecting fertilized eggs for counting, the egg meter comprises a funnel and a counting barrel, an opening of the funnel is used for inputting the fertilized eggs, a filtering piece used for separating the fertilized eggs is arranged in the funnel, one end of the funnel, which is far away from the opening, is detachably connected with the counting barrel, the end of the counting barrel is provided with a through hole, the shrimp nest comprises a mounting seat, a plurality of single structures are arranged on the mounting seat in parallel, the single nest comprises a plurality of single structures, the single structures are connected with the single nest body and the single nest are arranged on the single nest and the single nest body comprises a plurality of single structures, and the single nest bodies are arranged on the single nest body and the single nest structure are respectively.
2. The selective aquatic product farming system according to claim 1, wherein the discharge assembly comprises a second drain pipe disposed on a side of the farming box remote from the inlet pipe, two adjacent second drain pipes being connected by a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe being provided with a plurality of second flow regulating assemblies.
3. The selective aquatic product farming system of claim 1, wherein the farming box comprises a box body and a decontaminating device, the box body comprising a housing and a mounting space provided in the housing, the mounting space being for mounting the shrimp nest.
4. The selective aquatic product culture system of claim 3, wherein the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water injection pipe arranged in the box body through a communication pipeline, and a plurality of holes are formed in the water injection pipe and used for injecting materials into the box body.
5. A selective aquatic product culture system according to claim 3, wherein the mounting space is provided with a trough body for mounting the decontaminating apparatus in communication with an end of the water inlet pipe, and a drain port is provided at an end of the trough body remote from the water inlet pipe.
6. A freshwater shrimp selective breeding method, which is characterized by adopting the aquatic product selective breeding system as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, and specifically comprises the following steps: placing freshwater shrimp heteroplasmic parents with synchronous gonad development period into an egg-removing soaking device for cultivation and management, and separating and collecting fertilized eggs through the egg-removing soaking device for counting after mating and spawning to generate fertilized eggs; then culturing and managing the larvae after the fertilized eggs are hatched to the larvae through the shrimp nest, and counting the separated fertilized eggs and the hatched larvae; and in the cultivation process, the water level in the cultivation box is lifted to lift the isolator, and the part of aquatic products in the cultivation box which are screened and collected in the isolator are counted and weighed to realize selective breeding.
7. Use of the freshwater shrimp selective breeding method according to claim 6 in large-scale breeding of aquatic products.
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| JP4734509B2 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2011-07-27 | 静岡県 | How to cultivate scanpi |
| KR101178392B1 (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-08-30 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatuses and method for artificial seedling production of marine polychaete |
| CN203407351U (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-29 | 福鼎朝辉水产开发有限公司 | Spawning device for South America white shrimps |
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| CN207235836U (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-04-17 | 日照市海洋与渔业研究所(日照市海域使用动态监视监测中心、日照市水生动物救护站) | Liberate eyebrow foot crab incubating oosperm device |
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| CN213756283U (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-07-23 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Aquatic product selective culture system |
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| 团头鲂的半干法授精和脱粘孵化;武汉市东西湖养殖场鱼苗孵化队,华中农学院水产系73级开门办学小组;华中农业大学学报(第02期);第14-15页 * |
| 大口黑鲈优鲈1号人工繁殖与苗种培育试验;冯晓宇;黄辉;马恒甲;戴杨鑫;谢楠;刘凯;;现代农业科技(第22期);第240-241页、第244页 * |
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Application publication date: 20201229 Assignee: Liyang Shezhu Shrimp Farming Professional Cooperative Assignor: FRESHWATER FISHERIES RESEARCH CENTER,CAFS Contract record no.: X2024980002565 Denomination of invention: A selection and breeding system for aquatic products, a method for selecting and breeding green shrimp, and its application Granted publication date: 20230725 License type: Common License Record date: 20240306 |