CN110859146A - Crayfish seedling raising method - Google Patents
Crayfish seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110859146A CN110859146A CN201910878335.6A CN201910878335A CN110859146A CN 110859146 A CN110859146 A CN 110859146A CN 201910878335 A CN201910878335 A CN 201910878335A CN 110859146 A CN110859146 A CN 110859146A
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of culture of fishes, mussels, clams, lobsters, sponges, pearls and the like, in particular to a crayfish seedling culture method, which comprises the following steps: s1: the construction of the field comprises the construction of a constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse, a visible water breeding pond and a three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond; s2: fry separation, S3: and in the storage of the shrimp seeds, a cold shed is required to be arranged in every two constant-temperature environment-friendly warm sheds, and the cold shed is used for storing the shrimp seeds with the standard size of one centimeter. By reasonably arranging the ponds, the survival rate of the shrimp seedlings can be greatly improved by about 50 percent by separating and breeding the three-dimensional ponds, and the yield per mu can be improved from 10 thousands of shrimps to 15 thousands of shrimps per mu; the water body area is increased, the breeding density is reduced, the yield per mu of the lobster fries can be improved, and the method is suitable for application in cold areas in winter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of culture of fishes, mussels, clams, lobsters, sponges, pearls and the like, in particular to a crayfish seedling culture method.
Background
In 2018, the total yield of the crayfishes in China is 177 million tons, and although some farmers try to culture in the Liaoning area, the crayfishes are cultured in small scale, and the yield can be almost ignored to be 0, so that the popularization prospect of the Liaoning area culture is wide. The crayfish is fierced in the sales of the catering service industry, various chain lobster stores are established in Liaoning, but the purchased crayfish is purchased in south for a long distance, the transportation cost is high, the local breeding can save the high transportation cost, and the price is more advantageous in the north market. The production of the south crayfish is concentrated in 3-7 months, once the water temperature is higher than 31 ℃, the crayfish does not grow any more; seedlings are thrown in the north for 5 months, and output in the north from 7 months to 10 months is just linked with the production period in the south to make up for the vacancy, and the price of the crayfish is at the highest peak when the crayfish is produced in batches in the north.
At present, the market of crayfishes is exploded, the supply of shrimp larvae in the south is short, and the price is continuously overgrown; after the shrimp seedlings are transported for a long distance, the stress response is strong after the shrimp seedlings reach the north, the survival rate of the shrimp seedlings within one week is almost only 10%, and the survival rate of the shrimp seedlings can be improved to 70-80% due to the short transportation time and distance of the shrimp seedlings in the north; the crayfish fries die in a large number, and farmers lose confidence and are not beneficial to popularization, so that the outstanding problem of how to grow and grow the crayfish in northern cold climate is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a crayfish seedling raising method, aiming at solving the problem that crayfish is difficult to grow and raise seedlings in cold northern climates.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a crayfish seedling raising method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the construction of the field comprises the construction of a constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse, a visible water breeding pond and a three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond; wherein,
the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is used as a main framework for seedling culture in winter, a boiler is used for supplying heat, and the boiler generates heat by burning environment-friendly biomass granular fuel; the upper part of the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is reinforced by a reinforcing steel bar frame, and the wall body of the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is a hollow windproof wall; the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is arranged in the north and south directions; a ventilation window is additionally arranged on the windproof wall, and the other three surfaces of the windproof wall can be detached and opened;
the visible water body breeding pond is made of a reinforced water tank frame, waterproof cloth is paved on the reinforced water tank frame to form a water tank, and water is injected to keep the height of the water surface at 60-100 cm; carrying out heat preservation and isolation treatment on the ground by using a benzene board; the visible water body breeding pond is provided with a water supply and drainage system to facilitate water body management, and the visible water body breeding pond is also provided with a monitoring system to observe the survival space and state of the crayfish in real time, so that density management and disease control are facilitated; simulating a hole-making environment for crayfish spawning by using a PVC pipe at the bottom of a visible water breeding pond;
the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond is arranged above the visible water body breeding pond, a supporting wood plate is laid through a heightening steel structure, the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond is additionally arranged in a step shape, and the water depth of the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond is 30-40 cm; the three-dimensional yield-increasing egg-carrying pond is divided into a plurality of independent small ponds with the length of 1.5m and the width of 1m by partition plates.
S2: separating seedlings, namely adding a transparent plastic isolation net in the independent small pond in the vertical direction in the oviposition stage of a large number of the female shrimps, wherein the isolation net is provided with a circular hole with the diameter of about 1.5 cm, dividing a water body in the independent small pond into a quarter part, dividing the independent small pond into a female shrimp growth area and a seedling growth area, arranging a light supplement lamp at one side close to the seedling growth area, guiding water to grow floating swimming plants through light, guiding the seedlings to the seedling growth area through food, preventing the male shrimps from catching the seedlings, and improving the survival rate; after the seedlings are concentrated, the fishing and the centralized management are convenient;
s3: the method comprises the following steps that (1) a cold shed is required to be arranged in every two constant-temperature environment-friendly warm sheds for shrimp fry storage, and the cold shed is used for shrimp fry storage with the standard size of one centimeter; the cold shed water body is internally provided with oxygen supplying equipment, and in winter, the cold shed does not need to supply heat and supplies oxygen to the water body through the oxygen supplying equipment at night.
Preferably, the temperature of the water body in the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is controlled to be 17-19 ℃.
Preferably, the reinforcing steel bar reinforced frame is detachably paved with a sunlight panel or a sunshade net, the sunlight panel is paved in a 30-degree arc arch structure to facilitate lighting,
preferably, the diameter of the PVC pipe at the bottom of the visible water body breeding pond is 3-6 cm.
Preferably, a float grass planting container is separately added in the visible water body breeding pond and used for planting float grass.
Preferably, the rest part of rice straws are used as shrimp and rice in the cold shed, the weight objects below the cold shed are tied into a feather ball shape by a hemp rope and are sunk into the water body, and 8-10 optimal pond placement is carried out per mu.
Preferably, a bundle of straw stalks is placed every 20 meters on the bank side of the cold shed for the young shrimps to conceal and climb; one end of the hemp rope needs to be arranged outside the pond, so that the water body can be conveniently cleaned, heavy objects sinking into the water body can be conveniently dragged, and the ammonia nitrogen content can be detected once every 3 days
Preferably, one end of the hemp rope is required to be arranged outside the pond.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the crayfish breeding method, due to the reasonable layout of the ponds, the survival rate of crayfish seedlings can be greatly improved by about 50% through the separation and breeding of the three-dimensional ponds, and the yield per mu can be improved from 10 thousands of crayfish seedlings to 15 thousands of crayfish seedlings per mu; the water body area is increased, the breeding density is reduced, and the yield per mu of the lobster fries can be improved; meanwhile, the shrimp and rice are used as the rest part of rice straws in the cold shed, the weight objects below the shrimp and rice straws are tied into a feather ball shape by a hemp rope and sink into the water body, the shrimp fry shelter is provided, the straws are rotten to provide part of food, 8-10 straws are placed in each mu of pond most suitably, and the problem of pollution caused by straw combustion can be partially solved by degrading the straws; placing a bundle of straw stalks every 20 m on the bank side of the cold shed for the young shrimps to conceal and climb; and one end of the hemp rope needs to be arranged outside the pond, so that the water body can be conveniently cleaned, and a heavy object sinking into the water body can be conveniently dragged, and the hemp rope is suitable for being applied to cold regions in winter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a constant temperature environment-friendly greenhouse used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a cold shed used in the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a small independent pond used in the present invention.
In the figure: the greenhouse comprises a constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100, a boiler 110, a reinforcing steel bar reinforced frame 120, a windproof wall 130, a ventilation window 140, a visible water body breeding pond 200, a reinforcing steel bar pond frame 210, waterproof cloth 220, a benzene plate 230, a PVC pipe 240, a pasture and water planting container 250, a three-dimensional yield-increasing egg-embracing pond 300, a high steel structure 310, a supporting wood plate 320, a partition plate 330, an independent small pond 340, a female shrimp growth area 341, a seedling growth area 342, an isolation net 350, a light supplement lamp 360, a cold shed 400, oxygen supply equipment 410 and hemp ropes 420.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a preferred embodiment:
a crayfish seedling raising method comprises the following steps:
s1: the construction of the field comprises the construction of a constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100, a visible water breeding pond 200 and a three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond 300; wherein,
the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is used as a main framework for seedling culture in winter, the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 adopts a boiler 110 for heating, and the boiler 110 generates heat by burning environment-friendly biomass granular fuel; the temperature of water in the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is controlled to be 18 ℃, the upper part of the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is provided with a reinforcing steel bar reinforced frame 120, a sunlight plate or a sunshade net is detachably paved on the reinforcing steel bar reinforced frame 120, the sunlight plate is paved in an arc-shaped arch structure of 30 ℃ in winter, so that the sunlight is convenient to collect, the temperature in the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is improved, in summer, the sunlight plate is detached, the sunshade net is replaced, the sunlight can be shaded and ventilated, the temperature in the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is reduced, and the wall body of the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is provided with a hollow windproof; the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 sits north and south, and can be covered with a quilt on a sunlight panel in a period of low temperature; a ventilation window 140 is additionally arranged on the windproof wall 130, and the other three surfaces of the windproof wall 130 can be detached and opened;
the visible water body breeding pond 200 adopts a reinforced water tank frame 210, a water tank is manufactured by paving waterproof cloth 220 on the reinforced water tank frame 210, and water is injected to keep the height of the water surface at 60-100 cm; the benzene board 230 is used for heat preservation and isolation treatment on the ground; the visible water breeding pond 200 is provided with a water supply and drainage system for facilitating water management, the visible water breeding pond 200 is also provided with a monitoring system, the monitoring system consists of various sensors and electronic equipment, and the monitoring system is used for observing the living space and state of the crayfish in real time so as to facilitate density management and disease control; arranging a PVC pipe 240 with the diameter of 4cm at the bottom of the visible water breeding pond 200 to simulate a hole digging environment for crayfish spawning; the aquatic weed planting container 250 is independently added in the visible water breeding pond 200, and the aquatic weed planting container 250 is used for planting aquatic weeds, so that the ecology in the visible water breeding pond 200 is enriched.
The three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond 300 is arranged above the visible water body breeding pond 200, a supporting wood plate 320 is laid through a heightening steel structure 310, the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond 300 is additionally arranged in a step shape, and the water depth of the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond 300 is 30-40 cm; the three-dimensional yield-increasing egg-carrying pond 300 is divided into a plurality of independent small ponds 340 with the specification of 1.5m long and 1m wide by the partition plates 330, when the pond is used, egg-carrying shrimps are screened out from the visible water breeding pond 200, the egg-carrying shrimps are directly placed into the independent small ponds 340 in the three-dimensional yield-increasing egg-carrying pond 300, 6 to 8 egg-carrying shrimps can be placed in each independent small pond 340, the survival rate of shrimp seedlings can be greatly improved by about 50 percent by separating and breeding the shrimps in the three-dimensional pond, and the survival rate can be improved to 15 thousand per mu from 10 thousand per mu; the water area is increased, the breeding density is reduced, the acre yield of the lobster fries can be improved, the number of ponds can be continuously increased to the upper layer under the condition that the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse 100 is allowed by the height, and the lifting space is large.
S2: separating seedlings, namely adding a transparent plastic separation net 350 in the independent small pond 340 in the vertical direction in the oviposition stage of a large number of the female shrimps, wherein the separation net 350 is provided with a circular hole with the diameter of about 1.5 cm, dividing a water body in the independent small pond 340 into a quarter part, dividing the independent small pond 340 into a female shrimp growth area 341 and a seedling growth area 342, arranging a light supplement lamp 360 at one side close to the seedling growth area 342, guiding aquatic phytoplankton through light, guiding the seedlings into the seedling growth area 342 through food, avoiding the catching of the seedlings by the male shrimps and improving the survival rate; after the seedlings are concentrated, the fishing and the centralized management are convenient;
s3: the shrimp larvae are stored, wherein a cold shed 400 is required to be arranged in every two constant-temperature environment-friendly warm sheds 100, and the cold shed 400 is used for storing the shrimp larvae with the standard size of one centimeter; the oxygen supplying device 410 is arranged in the water body of the cold shed 400, in winter, the cold shed 400 does not need to be heated, and oxygen is supplied to the water body through the oxygen supplying device 410 at night to keep the water surface from freezing; the method is characterized in that the cold shed 400 is internally provided with shrimp and rice as residual part of rice straws, a weight object below the cold shed is tied into a feather ball shape by a hemp rope 420 and sinks into a water body, the purpose is to provide a shrimp larvae shelter place, partial food can be provided by rotting the straws, 8-10 most suitable ponds are placed in each mu, and the pollution problem caused by straw combustion can be partially solved by degrading the straws; a bundle of straw stalks are placed every 20 meters on the bank side of the cold shed 400 for the young shrimps to conceal and climb; and one end of the hemp rope 420 needs to be arranged outside the pond, so that the water body is convenient to clean and drag heavy objects sinking into the water body.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the embodiments disclosed herein may be used in any combination, provided that there is no structural conflict, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and conservation of resources. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A crayfish seedling raising method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the construction of the field comprises the construction of a constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse, a visible water breeding pond and a three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond; wherein,
the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is used as a main framework for seedling culture in winter, a boiler is used for supplying heat, and the boiler generates heat by burning environment-friendly biomass granular fuel; the upper part of the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is reinforced by a reinforcing steel bar frame, and the wall body of the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is a hollow windproof wall; the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is arranged facing south from north to south, a ventilation window is additionally arranged on the windproof wall, and the other three surfaces of the windproof wall can be detached and opened;
the visible water body breeding pond is made of a reinforced water tank frame, waterproof cloth is paved on the reinforced water tank frame to form a water tank, and water is injected to keep the height of the water surface at 60-100 cm; carrying out heat preservation and isolation treatment on the ground by using a benzene board; the visible water body breeding pond is provided with a water supply and drainage system to facilitate water body management, and the visible water body breeding pond is also provided with a monitoring system to observe the survival space and state of the crayfish in real time, so that density management and disease control are facilitated; simulating a hole-making environment for crayfish spawning by using a PVC pipe at the bottom of a visible water breeding pond;
the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond is arranged above the visible water body breeding pond, a supporting wood plate is laid through a heightening steel structure, the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond is additionally arranged in a step shape, and the water depth of the three-dimensional yield-increasing oozing pond is 30-40 cm; the three-dimensional yield-increasing egg-carrying pond is divided into a plurality of independent small ponds with the length of 1.5m and the width of 1m by partition plates;
s2: separating seedlings, namely adding a transparent plastic isolation net in the independent small pond in the vertical direction in the oviposition stage of a large number of female shrimps, wherein the isolation net is provided with a circular hole with the diameter of about 1.5 cm, dividing a water body in the independent small pond into a quarter part, dividing the independent small pond into a female shrimp growth area and a seedling growth area, and arranging a light supplement lamp at one side close to the seedling growth area;
s3: the method comprises the following steps that (1) a cold shed is required to be arranged in every two constant-temperature environment-friendly warm sheds for shrimp fry storage, and the cold shed is used for shrimp fry storage with the standard size of one centimeter; and an oxygen supplying device is arranged in the water body of the cold shed.
2. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the water body in the constant-temperature environment-friendly greenhouse is controlled to be 17-19 ℃.
3. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reinforcing steel bar reinforced frame is detachably paved with a sunlight panel or a sunshade net, and the sunlight panel is paved with a 30-degree arc arch structure.
4. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the PVC pipe positioned at the bottom of the visible water breeding pond is 3-6 cm.
5. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a waterweed planting container is independently added in the visible water breeding pond and is used for planting waterweeds.
6. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rest part of rice straws are co-planted by shrimp and rice in the cold shed, the weight objects below the cold shed are tied into a feather ball shape by a hemp rope and sink into the water body, and 8-10 rice straws woven into the feather ball shape are placed in each mu of pond.
7. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a bundle of straw stalks are placed every 20 meters on the bank side of the cold shed for the young shrimps to conceal and climb.
8. The crayfish breeding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: one end of the hemp rope is required to be arranged outside the pond.
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| CN201910878335.6A CN110859146A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Crayfish seedling raising method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111700025A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-09-25 | 郑昊 | Agricultural is with crayfish device of growing seedlings |
| CN111758632A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-13 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding and raising rice field crayfish in early autumn |
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| CN116019042A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-04-28 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Adjustable fish nest with anti-resistance function |
| CN116019042B (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2024-05-17 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Adjustable fish nest with anti-resistance function |
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