CN109984068A - A kind of high-efficiency artificial breeds native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy and its application of Procambius clarkii - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an earth-pond conjoined greenhouse for artificially breeding Crayfish with high efficiency and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding of freshwater economical shrimps. It includes a conjoined greenhouse, a wave-type breeding soil ridge, a three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nest, an oxygenation unit, a biological floating bed and an artificial breeding pool; a conjoined greenhouse is arranged above the artificial breeding pool, and the artificial breeding pond There are a number of wave-shaped breeding soil ridges; there are three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests that can be placed at different densities on both sides of the wave-shaped breeding soil ridge; a certain amount of oxygenation is also set between every two wave-shaped breeding soil ridges. Units and biological floating beds. The biological floating bed can be used to cultivate different kinds of aquatic plants in the nursery pond, the quantity and area of aquatic plants can be effectively controlled, and the controllability is greatly improved. It is extremely beneficial to improve the survival rate of broodstock and shrimp fry and the yield of seedlings.

Description

A kind of soil pond conjoined greenhouse for high-efficiency artificial breeding of Crayfish and its application

technical field

The invention relates to an earth-pond conjoined greenhouse for artificially breeding Crayfish with high efficiency and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding of freshwater economical shrimps.

Background technique

Crayfish is native to North America, commonly known as freshwater crayfish. It belongs to the arthropod door Crustacea and subclass Decapodidae. The shrimp was brought into my country by the Japanese in 1929, and it has been widely distributed in rivers and valleys in my country , ponds and major water systems, and has become an important economic species of freshwater aquaculture in my country. Due to the rapid growth of the market consumption and export processing of P. clarkii, the number of its wild resources is decreasing sharply. Therefore, increasing the production of P. clarkii through artificial farming has become an important process to meet the needs of the processing export and consumer markets. one of the ways. At present, the fry of P. clarkii for breeding mainly come from natural waters. With the decline in the number of natural resources, artificial breeding of P. clarkii has become an inevitable trend.

Although the scale and production of Crayfish are expanding in China, several bottlenecks restricting the industrialization of Crayfish have not been effectively resolved. The most prominent one is the high quality and stability required for large-scale farming. The main problems of supporting seedlings in ponds are the low efficiency of artificial seedlings, the low survival rate of parental transportation and stocking, and the low yield and poor benefits of natural breeding. The low seedling yield was directly related to the low number of eggs, asynchronous spawning, irregular size of shrimp seedlings and high cannibalization rate of C. cruzi.

At present, the natural reproduction method of self-propagation and self-cultivation is mostly used in production, or the outsourced shrimp fry are used for stocking. The factory-scale and specialized artificial seedling production mode is rare due to low seedling efficiency and high cost, which is difficult to carry out in actual production. Therefore, due to the low yield of shrimp seedlings and unstable sources, the improvement of production efficiency is seriously restricted, resulting in the current monoculture and main cultivation of Crayfish. The steady development of the shrimp farming industry is the key link that needs to be solved urgently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies, provide a kind of soil pond conjoined greenhouse and application thereof for artificial breeding of C. cruzi with high efficiency; Shrimp living habits build wave-type breeding soil ridges, set up three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests, use biological floating beds to cultivate aquatic plants, and set up high-efficiency oxygen-enhancing facilities to effectively improve the ecological environment of the nursery pond, and significantly improve the parental and The density and survival rate of shrimp seedlings, so as to realize the artificial high-efficiency seedling production of Crayfish.

The technical scheme of the present invention is an earth pond conjoined greenhouse for high-efficiency artificial breeding of Crayfish. artificial breeding pool;

A conjoined greenhouse is arranged above the artificial breeding pond, and a certain number of wave-type breeding soil ridges are arranged in the artificial breeding pond; there are three-dimensional special artificial shrimps that can be placed in different densities on both sides of the wave-shaped breeding soil ridge. Nest; a certain number of aeration units and biological floating beds are also set between every two wave-shaped breeding soil ridges.

Further, the one-piece greenhouse unit has a span of 7.5-10.5m wide and a height of 2.5-3.0m.

Further, the artificial breeding pond has an area of 2-5 mu, a pond depth of 1.5-1.8 m, and a water depth of 0.6-1 m.

Further, the wave-type breeding soil ridge has a bottom width of 2.5-3m, an upper width of 0.6-0.8m, a height of 0.6-0.8m, a slope ratio of 0.5-0.7, and a spacing between two adjacent soil ridges of 5-8m.

Further, after the three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nest is stacked by several rows of tubes, they are connected into a whole by thermoplastic fusion welding; the number of the tubes is 3-5 rows, and the number of each row of tubes is sequentially Increase;

Further, the length of the pipes is 25-50 cm, and the diameter of the pipes is 5.5-7.5 cm.

Further, when the number of the pipes is 5, the number of pipes in each row from top to bottom is 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12; the lengths are 25-30cm, 30- 35cm, 35-40cm, 40-45cm and 45-50cm.

Further, the aeration unit comprises a blast air passage and a disc-type microporous aerator; the blast air passage is arranged on one side of the wave-shaped breeding soil ridge, and communicates with several disc-type microporous aerators;

Further, the diameter of the disk-type microporous aerator is 2.0-2.5cm; the blast air path is communicated with the microporous aerator, and oxygen is supplied to the disk-type microporous aerator through the blast air path; the The power configuration of the microporous aerator is every 2500-4000 square meters/kw.

Further, the size of the biological floating bed is 5.0-8.0m in length and 1.0-3.0m in width.

The application of the earth pond conjoined greenhouse for high-efficiency artificial breeding of Crayfish is applied to the cultivation of Crayfish; the specific steps are as follows: a conjoined greenhouse is built on the artificial breeding pond, and waves are constructed in the artificial breeding pond. The three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests are set on both sides of the wave-shaped breeding soil ridge, and a biological floating bed is set up in the artificial breeding pond, and suitable aquatic plants are grown on the biological floating bed. The aquatic plant coverage rate is the artificial breeding pond. 40%-50% of the area;

An aeration unit is laid in the artificial breeding pond; wherein every 5-8m ² artificial breeding ponds are provided with a three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nest and an aerobic unit; every 50-100 m ² artificial breeding ponds are set with 2-3 biological floating beds;

Carefully feed and manage the hatched prawns. In the later stage of the nursery, prawns with a body length of 3.0-5.0cm are used to catch prawns with a body length of 3.0-5.0cm. The mesh of the prawns is 1.0-1.5cm.

Further, the aquatic plants planted on the biological floating bed are water hyacinth, water peanut or small duckweed; wherein the arrangement time is water hyacinth and small duckweed from June to October, and water peanut from October to June of the following year.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is scientific and reasonable in design, superior in facility conditions, and extremely convenient for operations such as the deployment of artificial shrimp nests, automatic monitoring of water quality, water temperature and light control, aquatic plant cultivation, bait management, and shrimp fry catching, etc. Controllability and management efficiency are greatly improved.

The invention builds a conjoined greenhouse on the seedling pond, builds a wave-type breeding soil ridge in the seedling pond, and sets up three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests, which can effectively realize the functions of the seedling pond's shading in summer and heat preservation in winter, and significantly improve the water body of the seedling pond. The use of space in the water layer greatly increases the placement density of the parent shrimp in the breeding of Crayfish, and avoids the high density of the broodstock, which is too crowded and interferes with each other, so as to achieve large-scale high-density and high-efficiency artificial breeding. The efficiency is increased by 50-100%.

The invention can control the number density of the parent shrimp through the number of shrimp nests to control and adjust the size of the seedling output or the size of the shrimp seedlings, which is beneficial to the seedling production as planned. fishing efficiency.

The biological floating bed can be used to cultivate different kinds of aquatic plants in the nursery pond, the quantity and area of aquatic plants can be effectively controlled, and the controllability is greatly improved. It is extremely beneficial to improve the survival rate of broodstock and shrimp fry and the yield of seedlings.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of a three-dimensional dedicated artificial shrimp nest.

Description of reference numerals: 1. One-piece greenhouse; 2. Wave breeding soil ridge; 3. Three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nest; 4. Aeration unit; Microporous aeration tube; 5. Biological floating bed; 6. Artificial breeding pool.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-2, an earth pond conjoined greenhouse for efficient artificial breeding of Crayfish includes a conjoined greenhouse 1, a wave-type breeding soil ridge 2, a three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nest 3, aeration Unit 4, biological floating bed 5 and artificial breeding pool 6;

The artificial breeding pool 6 is provided with a conjoined greenhouse 1 above, and a certain number of wave-type breeding soil ridges 2 are arranged in the artificial breeding pool 6; There are three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests 3; a certain number of aeration units 4 and biological floating beds 5 are also set between every two wave-shaped breeding soil ridges 2.

One unit of the one-piece greenhouse has a span of 7.5-10.5m and a height of 2.5-3.0m.

The artificial breeding pond 6 has an area of 2-5 mu, a pond depth of 1.5-1.8 m, and a water depth of 0.6-1 m.

The wave-type breeding soil ridge 2 has a bottom width of 2.5-3m, an upper width of 0.6-0.8m, a height of 0.6-0.8m, a slope ratio of 0.5-0.7, and a spacing between two adjacent soil ridges of 5-8m.

After the three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nest 3 is stacked by several rows of pipes, they are connected as a whole by thermoplastic fusion welding; the number of the pipes is 3-5 rows, and the number of each row of pipes increases sequentially from top to bottom;

The length of the tube is 25-50cm, and the diameter of the tube is 5.5-7.5cm.

When the number of pipes is 5, the number of pipes in each row from top to bottom is 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; the lengths from top to bottom are 25-30cm, 30-35cm, 35 -40cm, 40-45cm and 45-50cm.

Described aeration unit 4 comprises blast air passage 4-1 and disc type microporous aeration tube 4-2; described blast air passage 4-1 is arranged on one side of wave-shaped breeding soil ridge 2, and is connected with several disc type. The microporous aerator tube 4-2 is connected;

The diameter of the disk-type microporous aerator 4-2 is 2.0-2.5cm, and the power configuration of the microporous aerator for supplying oxygen to the disk-type microporous aerator 4-2 is per 2500-4000 square meters/ kw.

The size of the biological floating bed 5 is 5.0-8.0m in length and 1.0-3.0m in width.

Example 2

Crayfish Crayfish soil pond conjoined greenhouse artificial breeding pond 6 (2 acres in area), 1.5m deep and 0.6m deep. Three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests were placed in the pond. From July to September, the male and female parents of Crayfish were placed. The male-female ratio was 2:1, and the stocking density of the parental shrimp was 3 tails/m ² . Set up a shrimp nest every 5 squares. An oxygenation unit 4 is provided every 5 squares. Each 50m2 seedling pond is equipped with ² biological floating beds 5, 5.0m long and 2.0m wide. The aquatic plants are water hyacinth, water peanut or duckweed. The water peanut cultivation period is from October to the next June, and the water hyacinth and duckweed cultivation period June to October. The power configuration of the microporous aerator is every 3000m ² /kw.

During the breeding period, the broodstock shall take measures to strengthen the cultivation and management techniques, and are fed with high-quality artificial feed twice a day. At 9:00 am, it accounts for 40% of the total feeding amount, and at 18:00 pm, 60% is fed. Daily monitoring of water temperature and water quality should be done during the breeding period. management measures. During the breeding period, the male and female broodstock are gradually caught after spawning and hatching.

In the later stage of seedling breeding, shrimp pots with a body length of 3-5cm are used to catch shrimp fry with a mesh size of 1.5-2.5cm.

Example 3

Crayfish Crayfish soil pond conjoined greenhouse artificial breeding pond 6 (an area of 5 mu), 1.8m deep, 1.0m deep. Three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests were placed in the pond. From July to September, the male and female parents of Crayfish were placed. The male-to-male ratio was 3:1, and the stocking density of the parental shrimp was 7-9 tails/m ² . Set up a shrimp nest every 3 squares. An oxygenation unit 4 is provided every 5 squares. Each 50m2 seedling pond is set with ³ biological floating beds 5, 8.0m long and 3.0m wide. The aquatic plants are water hyacinth, water peanut or duckweed. The water peanut cultivation period is from October to the next June, and the water hyacinth and duckweed cultivation period June to October. The power configuration of the microporous aerator is every 3000m ² /kw.

During the breeding period, the broodstock shall take measures to strengthen the cultivation and management techniques, and are fed with high-quality artificial feed twice a day. At 9:00 am, it accounts for 40% of the total feeding amount, and at 18:00 pm, 60% is fed. Daily monitoring of water temperature and water quality should be done during the breeding period. management measures. During the breeding period, the male and female broodstock are gradually caught after spawning and hatching.

In the later stage of seedling breeding, shrimp pots with a body length of 3-5cm are used to catch shrimp fry with a mesh size of 1.5-2.5cm.

Example 4

Crayfish Crayfish soil pond conjoined greenhouse artificial breeding pond 6 (4 acres in area), 1.6m deep and 0.8m deep. Three-dimensional special artificial shrimp nests were placed in the pond 3. From September to November, the egg-carrying shrimps were put into the pond, and the stocking density was 3 tails/m ² . Set up a shrimp nest every 2 squares. An oxygenation unit 4 is provided every 5 squares. Each 50m2 seedling pond is equipped with ² biological floating beds 5, 6.0m long and 2.5m wide. The aquatic plants are water hyacinth, water peanut or duckweed. The water peanut cultivation period is from October to the next June, and the water hyacinth and duckweed cultivation period June to October. The power configuration of the microporous aerator is every 3000m ² /kw.

During the breeding period, the broodstock shall take measures to strengthen the cultivation and management techniques, and are fed with high-quality artificial feed twice a day. At 9:00 am, it accounts for 40% of the total feeding amount, and at 18:00 pm, 60% is fed. Daily monitoring of water temperature and water quality should be done during the breeding period. management measures. During the breeding period, the male and female broodstock are gradually caught after spawning and hatching.

In the later stage of seedling breeding, shrimp pots with a body length of 3-5cm are used to catch shrimp fry with a mesh size of 1.5-1.8cm.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii, it is characterized in that: including Contiuum type greenhouse (1), wave breeds the low bank of earth between fields (2), three-dimensional Special artificial shrimp nest (3), oxygenation unit (4), biologic float bed (5) and artificial breeding Pond (6)；

It is equipped with Contiuum type greenhouse (1) above the artificial breeding pool (6), is equipped in artificial breeding pool (6) a certain number of Wave breeds the low bank of earth between fields (2)；The undaform breeding low bank of earth between fields (2) two sides are relied on to be equipped with a certain number of three-dimensional Special artificial shrimp nests (3)；A certain number of oxygenation units (4) and biologic float bed (5) are also set up between the every twice undaform breeding low bank of earth between fields (2).

2. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the disjunctor Formula greenhouse (1) wide 7.5-10.5m of unit span, high 2.5-3.0m.

3. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described artificial Breeding pond (6) area is 2-5 mus, Chi Shen 1.5-1.8m, depth of water 0.6-1m.

4. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the wave Formula breeds the low bank of earth between fields (2) bottom width 2.5-3m, upper width 0.6-0.8m, high 0.6-0.8m, slope ratio 0.5-0.7, between adjacent two low bank of earth between fields between Away from for 5-8m.

5. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solid Formula Special artificial shrimp nest (3) is connected integral by several row's comb heap poststacks by thermoplastic melting welding；The comb quantity is 3-5 Row, the quantity of every row's comb successively increases from top to bottom；

Preferably, the length of the comb is 25-50cm, caliber 5.5-7.5cm.

6. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the comb When quantity is 5 row, the quantity of every array of pipes is followed successively by 8,9,10,11,12 from top to bottom；Every row is followed successively by length from top to bottom 25-30cm, 30-35cm, 35-40cm, 40-45cm and 45-50cm.

7. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the oxygenation Unit (4) includes air blast gas circuit (4-1) and disc type micro-pore oxygenation pipe (4-2)；It is numerous that the air blast gas circuit (4-1) is set to undaform The low bank of earth between fields (2) side is grown, and is connected to several disc type micro-pore oxygenation pipes (4-2)；

Preferably, disc type micro-pore oxygenation pipe (4-2) caliber is 2.0-2.5cm, to disc type micro-pore oxygenation pipe (4-2) oxygen supply The power configuration of micro-pore oxygenation machine is every 2500-4000 square metres/kw.

8. the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the biology Floating bed (5) a length of 5.0-8.0m of size, width 1.0-3.0m.

9. high-efficiency artificial described in claim 1 breeds the application of the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of Procambius clarkii, it is characterized in that: by it Applied to cultivation Procambius clarkii；Specific step is as follows: Contiuum type greenhouse (1) is built on artificial breeding pool (6), manually The building undaform breeding low bank of earth between fields (2) in pond (6) is bred, relies on the undaform breeding low bank of earth between fields (2) two sides that three-dimensional Special artificial is set Shrimp nest (3), while biologic float bed (5) are set in artificial breeding pool (6), suitable water is cultivated in plantation on biologic float bed (5) Plant, water plant coverage rate are the 40%-50% of artificial breeding pool (6) area；

Oxygenation unit (4) are laid in artificial breeding pool (6)；Wherein every 5-8m²Artificial breeding pool (6) setting one is three-dimensional specially Manually shrimp nest (3), an oxygenation unit (4)；Every 50-100m²Artificial breeding pool (6) is arranged 2-3 biologic float bed (5)；

Management is fed meticulously to the shrimp seedling after hatching, the nursery later period is daily with the shrimp seedling of the lobster basket fishing a length of 3.0-5.0cm of body, shrimp The mesh of cage is 1.0-1.5cm, finally drains catching shrimp seedling.

10. the application of the native pond Contiuum type temperature canopy of high-efficiency artificial breeding Procambius clarkii as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: The water plant planted on biologic float bed (5) is water hyacinth, water peanut or small duckweed；Wherein arrangement the time be water hyacinth and Small duckweed June to October, June in water peanut October to next year.