CN101731180A - Ecological breeding method of quasipaa spinosas - Google Patents
Ecological breeding method of quasipaa spinosas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological breeding method of quasipaa spinosas. The method comprises the steps of strain selection, hybridization, egg laying, hatching, pollywog culturing and young quasipaa spinosa breeding. The ecological breeding method has the advantages that three quasipaa spinosa strains bred by the method have great egg laying amount and fast growing speed; the quasipaa spinosas are fed at the temperature of over 12 DEG C in winter to reduce inner energy consumption in winter and maintain good development of sex glands of the quasipaa spinosas; water current stimulates the quasipaa spinosas to lay eggs, which increases egg laying rate and hatching rate of breeder quasipaa spinosas; and according to the method, quasipaa spinosa breeding ponds can prevent escape, diseases and natural enemies and are propitious to increase survive rate, thereby realizing pollution-free ecological breeding of the quasipaa spinosas. The ecological breeding method of the quasipaa spinosas is provided with breeding ponds for drip egg-laying breeding and winter food supplementing and simulates ecological environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ranaspinosa David breeding cultural technique, particularly a kind of Ranaspinosa David artificial breeding and ecologic breeding technology.
Background technology
The ecological habit of Ranaspinosa David and artificial numerous cultural technique research start from the 1980s, this have been done some preliminary discussions, have obtained certain effect.But do not make a breakthrough as yet on numerous foster key technology, egg laying amount, incubation rate, distortion ratio, survival rate are all lower.The prior art major defect: 1, breeding the parent is not breeding: catch the wild frog and be used for the breeding parent after raising after a while, or the wild frog breeds the offspring and directly is used for the parent without artificially breeding.2, winter dormancy period management and egg-laying environment are poor: hibernation is feeding not, freely lays eggs, and the number of times of laying eggs is few, and egg laying amount is few.3, not science is designed in frog pond: no unified specification, no gradient in the pond.4, it is low to breed and culture performance rate: several 2～3 times/400～500 of the grain of laying eggs in lay eggs in year number of times and year, ovum rate 85%, tadpole distortion ratio 95%, froglet survival rate 95%.Development trend is to take bionical attitude to culture and plant the frog numerous the nourish one's nature raising of energy and the large-scale production of bait.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ecological breeding method of quasipaa spinosas.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises seed selection, breeds, lays eggs, the raising of hatching, tadpole maintenance, froglet:
(1), the selection of planting the frog, in the 3-10 month, select individual big, healthy and strong, skin smooth, the sexually matured one-tenth frog; The female frog, body weight reach more than 200 grams; More than the male frog 250 grams;
(2), the cultivation of planting the frog, plant frog pond and build peace and quiet in, low light level place, the pond is high 0.8 meter, and area 2-3 square metre, place mat cobble and stone constitute the stone cave at the bottom of the pond, and hidden with pasture and water, pool inner water land area 2: 1,15～20 centimetres of the depth of waters, water quality is pure and fresh, pH value 6～8, and change water once every day in busy season searching for food, search for food dull season, changed water once every 2～3 days, 20～30 of the female frogs, male and female 1: 1 are put in every pond;
(3), breed and lay eggs, in April, temperature begins breeding more than 20 ℃ the time lays eggs, the breeding female-male proportion is 1: 1, the breeding density of planting frog pond is 15～20 every square metre;
(4), artificial incubation; In hatching process, the clear water temperature is at 15-30 ℃, and depth of water 15-20 centimetre, pH value 6～8, water quality is pure and fresh to contain sufficient oxygen, natural lighting;
(5), tadpole raises, 1～10 day of early growth period, thin water permanent current, water temperature remains on 20-29 ℃, pH value 6～8,10～15 centimetres of water depths changed one time Chi Shui in per 1～2 day;
Growth the early stage is the 10th～20 day, and small tadpole replenishes bait on raising, based on high protein stream juice bait, as yolk, soya-bean milk and be aided with tender algae; Change Chi Shui every day one time, water depth 10-20 centimetre;
Growth is the 20th～55 day mid-term, throw something and feed vegetable feed and algae, and stocking density is with every square metre of 100-300 tail;
The growth later stage is 55-75 days, raises and throws vegetable feed and a spot of feed of animal origin;
(6), the raising of Ranaspinosa David froglet, per two days search for food once little fly maggot or little earthworms: the time of throwing something and feeding of feed, before the darkness, froglet feeds fly maggot within a monthly age be main between the lights.The earthworm of throwing something and feeding later in one month keeps pond Zhou Anjing, light dark, takes the lucifuge measure daytime, the pond depth of water is generally 10/15 centimetre, and water quality requirement is identical with the tadpole phase, and change water once every day in the time of 20～26 ℃, when temperature surpassed 37 ℃, the depth of water kept 10～20 centimetres, taked running water to raise;
The safe overwintering of Ranaspinosa David of the present invention carries out indoor, and when water temperature was lower than 10 ℃, the depth of water kept 20 centimetres when tadpole survived the winter, and adopted perennial draingage, and add a cover in frog pond, antifreezing measures such as insulation.The froglet hibernation depth of water is about 15 centimetres.
Core technology of the present invention is to have selected three Ranaspinosa David excellent strains and breed and the ecologic breeding key technology.Transforming content is the kind that keeps three excellent strains, improves and the ecological numerous foster technology of optimization, formulates regulations for technical operation, sets up stock breeding base and standardization ecologic breeding demonstration area.Innovative point is the seed selection success of Ranaspinosa David excellent strain; Adopt and mend food winter; Drip to stimulate and lay eggs; The autonomous innovation cultural techniques such as novel breed pond of " three anti-three is favourable " have been designed voluntarily.
The technology of the present invention is introduced 546 pairs of wild Ranaspinosa David germ plasm resources, through intraspecific hybridization and family selective breeding, tentatively cultivates three Ranaspinosa David strains (green strong No., green strong No. two, green strong No. three).The present invention utilizes the Artificial Control current to produce the sonic stimulation Ranaspinosa David to lay eggs, and has designed the novel Ranaspinosa David of " three anti-three is favourable " (anti-ly escape, diseases prevention, anti-natural enemy, help improving survival rate, help feeding and management, help making full use of the place) and has cultured the pond.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows: three Ranaspinosa David strain egg laying amount height that the present invention cultivates, fast growth.Reduce the consumption of winter energy i (in vivo) at feeding more than 12 ℃ winter, keeps the good growth of Ranaspinosa David sexual gland.Current stimulate Ranaspinosa David to lay eggs, and have improved the spawning rate of planting the frog.Frog's egg manage method has improved the frog's egg incubation rate effectively.The management method of tadpole-froglet metamorphosis process has improved distortion ratio.The novel Ranaspinosa David of " three anti-three favourable " is cultured the pond, anti-ly escapes, diseases prevention, anti-natural enemy, helps improving survival rate, helps feeding and management, helps making full use of the place.Realized the nuisanceless ecologic breeding of Ranaspinosa David.The present invention be a kind ofly have that dripping lays eggs and breed, mend food winter, culture the pond, and emulated ecological environment to the Ranaspinosa David cultural method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: Ranaspinosa David is cultured the pond plane,
Fig. 2 Ranaspinosa David is cultured the pond profile,
Fig. 3: Ranaspinosa David artificial breeding ecologic breeding technology operational flowchart.
Embodiment
Ranaspinosa David of the present invention is cultured with reference to accompanying drawing, and concrete technical application scheme is as follows.
1, plants the selection of the frog
The hatching season of laying eggs of Ranaspinosa David is in the 3-10 month, select that individuality is bigger, healthy and strong, skin smooth, physically well develop, do not have deformity, do not have damaged, reach the sexually matured one-tenth frog and give over to kind of a usefulness.The female frog, body weight reach more than 200 grams, and the ripe short legs of property is thick, abdomen drum, skin light; The male frog 250 grams are above healthy and strong, the kind jumping, and skin light leg is strong.
2, plant the cultivation of the frog
According to the Ranaspinosa David habit, to plant frog breed pond and build peace and quiet in, low light level place is shown in attached Fig. 1 and 2, the pond is high 0.8 meter, and area 2-3 square metre, every row cultures and is provided with aisle 3 between the pond, culturing ground, pond is the inclined-plane, is provided with the stone cave that place mat cobble and stone constitute at the bottom of discharge outlet 1 and ditch 2. ponds near the aisle, and hidden with pasture and water, being beneficial to the frog perches and lays eggs, pool inner water land area 2: 1,15～20 centimetres of the depth of waters, water quality is pure and fresh, pH value 6～8 does not have harmful parasite.Change water once in the every day in busy season of searching for food, search for food dull season, water was changed once in 2～3 days in every interval, and 20～30 of the female frogs are put in every pond, carried out group support in 1: 1 ratio of male and female.
3, breed and lay eggs
In April, temperature begins breeding more than 20 ℃ the time lays eggs, and finishes substantially by the end of August.The breeding female-male proportion is 1: 1, and the breeding density of planting frog pond is 15～20 every square metre, and it is right that the kind frog generally embraced after 9 o'clock nights, female frog that breeds ovulated during 4-7 early morning, and the output pieces of an egg stick to the stone pool wall usually, on the pasture and water, general each 300-500 grain of laying eggs, high reaches 1000～2000, ovum grain spheroidal, and the ectoglia film is sticked together the ovum grain, the ovum of output is not stirring within an hour as far as possible, in order to avoid the pieces of an egg fragmentation reduces incubation rate, when kind of a frog breeding is laid eggs.
4, artificial incubation
In hatching process, the water cleaning, water temperature 15-30 ℃, the neutral meta-acid of pH value, each hatchery brood of hatching density can not separate.Ranaspinosa David ovum after output 5-10 minute, animal pole is black, vegetative pole is white in color, frog's egg is hatched under 15～30 ℃ of water temperatures, the 5th day elongated line that is of visible fertilized egg animal pole stain, the embryo was strip in the 7th day, one end is big, an end is little, the 8th day embryo shows that obviously head and tail, tadpole are shaped, and can rock, and a little tadpole incubation of membrane was just arranged on the tenth day, had 76% to hatch on the 13 day, all hatched in the 15 day, incubation rate reaches 85.3%, if the hatching water temperature is when being 25～29 ℃, brooding time only needs 8 days, and incubation rate reaches 85.3%, frog's egg temperature in whole hatching process is suitable, water nonpollution etc.In mating season, patrol the pond every morning 1 time, female frog ovulation should be taken out pieces of an egg after 1 hour, the strict ecological condition of grasping hatching, water temperature 15-30-C, depth of water 15-20 centimetre, pH value 6～8, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, and containing sufficient oxygen, illumination gets final product naturally, but avoids the sunlight direct projection.
5, tadpole feeding and management technology
Early growth period (1～10 day), in water quality management: thin water permanent current, pure and fresh no dirt, water temperature remains on 20-29 ℃, pH value 6～8,10～15 centimetres of water depths changed one time Chi Shui in per 1～2 day.
In growth early stage (10～20 days), small tadpole replenished bait after 10 days on raising, mainly based on high protein stream juice bait, as yolk, soya-bean milk and be aided with tender algae etc.The management of tadpole 10～20 ages in days is gone up and is kept the Chi Shui cleaning, and anti-water intoxication is changed Chi Shui every day one time, water depth 10-20 centimetre.
Vegetable feed and the algae of throwing something and feeding mid-term (20～55 days) grows, as ripe tomato, pumpkin, rice and fresh and tender pasture and water and so on, to throw the bait of enough searching for food to tadpole on time, guarantee the Chi Shui cleaning, not contaminated, remove bait residue in the pond every day, stocking density is with every square metre 300,100 tail.
The growth later stage (55-75 days), raise the enough vegetable feeds of upslide and add a spot of feed of animal origin, in management, make the ecotope of a tadpole metamorphosis
6, the feeding and management technology of Ranaspinosa David froglet
Just abnormal froglet is small, searches for food once, and can only eat the little fly maggot or the little earthworm of one two age in days at every turn in general per two days: the time of throwing something and feeding of feed, before the darkness, inventory decide on its feed intake between the lights, generally kept in the pond slightly bait to remain and was advisable.After 10 days, the fly maggot of every the frog edible one 4 age in days every day, froglet feeds fly maggot within a monthly age be main.Can throwing something and feeding after one month, earthworm--big flat No. 2 earthworms of Japan are later on major ingredient with the earthworm,, after one and a half months, can feed local little earthworm.Throw earthworm after 2 monthly ages as the chopsticks thickness.Keep pond Zhou Anjing, light dark in the management, take the lucifuge measure daytime, the pond depth of water is generally 10/15 centimetre, and water quality requirement is identical with the tadpole phase, forbids chloride running water, change that water is looked water temperature, change of water quality is fixed, change water once every day in the time of 20～26 ℃, and when temperature surpassed 37 ℃, the depth of water kept 10～20 centimetres, take running water to raise, pond, feed table should carry out disinfection termly.
7, the safe overwintering of Ranaspinosa David
Surviving the winter of tadpole can be carried out indoor, and when water temperature was lower than 10 ℃, the depth of water kept 20 centimetres when tadpole survived the winter, and adopted perennial draingage, and add a cover in frog pond, antifreezing measures such as insulation.The general depth of water of froglet hibernation is about 15 centimetres, is advisable not flood the cave, and leaves certain land, meet low temperature, freezing weather, also should have plastic film to add a cover the heat-preserving anti-freezing measure, outdoor pond, fine day can lift day film by solar radiation, capping in evening, hibernation generally do not need feeding, and temperature gos up, the frog activity that will come up, and ingestion ability is arranged, should give a small amount of feed this moment, to strengthen the physique of the frog.
Claims (2)
1. ecological breeding method of quasipaa spinosas comprises seed selection, breeds, lays eggs, the raising of hatching, tadpole maintenance, froglet, it is characterized in that:
(1), the selection of planting the frog, in the 3-10 month, select individual big, healthy and strong, skin smooth, the sexually matured one-tenth frog; The female frog, body weight reach more than 200 grams; More than the male frog 250 grams;
(2), the cultivation of planting the frog, plant frog pond and build peace and quiet in, low light level place, the pond is high 0.8 meter, and area 2-3 square metre, place mat cobble and stone constitute the stone cave at the bottom of the pond, and hidden with pasture and water, pool inner water land area 2: 1,15～20 centimetres of the depth of waters, water quality is pure and fresh, pH value 6～8, and change water once every day in busy season searching for food, search for food dull season, changed water once every 2～3 days, 20～30 of the female frogs, male and female 1: 1 are put in every pond;
(3), breed and lay eggs, in April, temperature begins breeding more than 20 ℃ the time lays eggs, the breeding female-male proportion is 1: 1, the breeding density of planting frog pond is 15～20 every square metre;
(4), artificial incubation; In hatching process, the clear water temperature is at 15-30 ℃, and depth of water 15-20 centimetre, pH value 6～8, water quality is pure and fresh to contain sufficient oxygen, natural lighting;
(5), tadpole raises, 1～10 day of early growth period, thin water permanent current, water temperature remains on 20-29 ℃, pH value 6～8,10～15 centimetres of water depths changed one time Chi Shui in per 1～2 day;
Growth the early stage is the 10th～20 day, and small tadpole replenishes bait on raising, based on high protein stream juice bait, as yolk, soya-bean milk and be aided with tender algae; Change Chi Shui every day one time, water depth 10-20 centimetre;
Growth is the 20th～55 day mid-term, throw something and feed vegetable feed and algae, and stocking density is with every square metre of 100-300 tail;
The growth later stage is 55-75 days, raises and throws vegetable feed and a spot of feed of animal origin;
(6), the raising of Ranaspinosa David froglet, per two days search for food once little fly maggot or little earthworms: the time of throwing something and feeding of feed, before the darkness, froglet feeds fly maggot within a monthly age be main between the lights.The earthworm of throwing something and feeding later in one month keeps pond Zhou Anjing, light dark, takes the lucifuge measure daytime, the pond depth of water is generally 10/15 centimetre, and water quality requirement is identical with the tadpole phase, and change water once every day in the time of 20～26 ℃, when temperature surpassed 37 ℃, the depth of water kept 10～20 centimetres, taked running water to raise;
2. ecological breeding method of quasipaa spinosas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the safe overwintering of described Ranaspinosa David carries out indoor, and when water temperature was lower than 10 ℃, the depth of water kept 20 centimetres when tadpole survived the winter, and adopted perennial draingage, and add a cover in frog pond, antifreezing measures such as insulation.The froglet hibernation depth of water is about 15 centimetres.
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| CN109874715A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-14 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of shrimp-crab pond ecological culture system and its culture method |
| CN111280127A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-16 | 成都市农林科学院 | Culture method for improving survival rate of rana nigromaculata for paddy field culture |
| CN111789075A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-10-20 | 贵州湄潭高山景农业科技发展有限公司 | A method for cultivating frogs with black water |
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