CN109197697A - A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry - Google Patents
A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197697A CN109197697A CN201811268105.XA CN201811268105A CN109197697A CN 109197697 A CN109197697 A CN 109197697A CN 201811268105 A CN201811268105 A CN 201811268105A CN 109197697 A CN109197697 A CN 109197697A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000158704 Monopterus albus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000646357 Monopterus cuchia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000000604 Chrysanthemum parthenium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000442132 Lactarius lactarius Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000000802 Leonurus cardiaca ssp. villosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000027272 reproductive process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007890 Leonurus cardiaca Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000207925 Leonurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound Vitamin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of half-manual breeding methods of monopterus albus fry, cultivation cultivation is carried out to close eel using net cage in the present invention, the rationally depth of water and net cage constant depth of setting breeding pool, simulate the egg-laying environment under swamp eel natural conditions, water peanut is placed in net cage, so that swamp eel spits nest, mating and oviposition, and water peanut contains Flavonoid substances, can reach the prevention effect to swamp eel pest and disease damage；Induced breeding is carried out to close eel using Chinese herb medicine, fertilized eggs are hatched using circulation miniflow water, guarantee oxygen content in water body, give incubation period fertilized eggs sufficient lighting process simultaneously, promote the hatching rate of fertilized eggs in breeding pool, and the eel shoot survival percent after hatching is high, mobility is strong, can batch acquisition high quality swamp eel seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, in particular to the half-manual breeding method of a kind of monopterus albus fry.
Background technique
Swamp eel is one of the important aquatic products of domestic and international market consumption, and supply exceed demand, but seed becomes restriction swamp eel production
The bottleneck problem of industry.Currently, fish wild seed is unable to satisfy the demand of culture of swamp eel, it is necessary to solve the problems, such as artificial seed.
Swamp eel half-manual breeding refers to that the ovum for artificially collecting swamp eel nature output or squab eel seedling are manually hatched
Eel seedling cultivate and the method that obtains monopterus albus fry.The half-manual breeding of swamp eel is often using artificial selection parent's eel at present,
It is put into breeding pool in due course, is combined and is fed using mixed feed and live bait, after natural spawning fertilization hatching, eel seedling is collected and is educated
Seedling, to realize the large-scale breeding of eel seedling.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry, can batch acquisition high quality swamp eel children
Seedling, and seedling percent is high.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry, comprising the following specific steps
(1) building in artificial propagation pond:
In pond, bottom of pond spreads the mud of one layer of 20-25cm, and water is maintained at 30-40cm deeply, and pool wall is higher by water surface 20cm or more,
Lime disinfection is launched, regulating water quality pH is in 6.5-7.2；
(2) setting of net cage:
Net cage, specification 1-1.5m are made with gauze3, top is vacant, and net cage is fixed in breeding pool, and net cage bottom is close to pond
Bottom mud；Water peanut is transplanted in net cage, area coverage should account for the 45-60% of net cage area；
(3) selection of close eel:
In mid-May in putting close eel in net cage in a suitable place to breed, selecting the weight of female close eel individual is 70-110g/ tail, male parent's eel
The weight of body is 110-150g/ tail, it is desirable that close eel is disease-free without wound, without deformity, and mobility is strong；
Close eel embathes 4-5 min with the saline solution of 3%-4% before putting in a suitable place to breed and carries out disinfection, and close eel breeding density is female eel 6-7 item/m2,
Male eel 2-3 item/m2；
(4) close eel instruction food is cultivated:
Instruction food processing is carried out after close eel nowel, and freshwater mussel meat living, fresh earthworm, fresh fish etc. are worn into slurry, mix " yellow eel food attractant-growth promoting
Agent " starts instruction food, and feeding amount is initially added into yellow eel special compound feed, adds according to the 3-6% of close eel total weight after feeding 5-6 days
The amount entered sequentially progressive method, gradually increases, lasting instruction food 2 weeks can be by the ratio of mixed feed and fresh and alive feed daily
Control in 1:(1-1.5) standard, wait eat food it is normal after, fed in right amount by motherwort, Herba Epimedii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Semen Cuscutae mixing system
Standby Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations induced breeding；
(5) oviposition and hatching of swamp eel:
Close eel spits foam between the water peanut in net cage and nests before oviposition, 2-4 days after nesting, yellow eel starts to be laid eggs,
Fertilization forms circulation miniflow water with Multifunctional oxygen supplying pump and is hatched, guarantee that daily light application time is full in yellow eel reproductive process
Sufficient 12h when daily morning and evening natural lighting deficiency, adds additional illumination, and hatching intensity of illumination is 1000-1500lx, controls water temperature
At 28-30 DEG C；
(6) seed rearing:
4-6d is emerged after close eel is nested, and feeds microzooplankton, the prelarva after hatching disappears substantially through 5-7d yolk bag, by eel
Seedling is separated with close eel, is gone in seedling pond and is cultivated.
Wherein, step (4) the yellow eel special compound feed main component include swelling soya dreg, it is rice bran, white fish meal, compound
Vitamin, composite mineral matter, protein content 38%-40%.
Wherein, it is described in yellow eel breeding period it is noted that keep dissolved oxygen in water be not less than 4mg/L, fill new water or change water
When water temperature difference control within 2 DEG C, in time clear up net cage in residual bait and pollutant, water temperature be higher than 30 DEG C when spray can be improved
Raw area coverage.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that:
Cultivation cultivation is carried out to close eel using net cage in the present invention, the depth of water and net cage constant depth of breeding pool, mould are rationally set
Egg-laying environment under quasi- swamp eel natural conditions, places water peanut, in net cage so that swamp eel spits nest, mating and oviposition, and spray
Life contains Flavonoid substances, can reach the prevention effect to swamp eel pest and disease damage；Induced breeding is carried out to close eel using Chinese herb medicine,
Fertilized eggs are hatched using circulation miniflow water, guarantee oxygen content in water body, while giving incubation period fertilized eggs sufficient light
According to processing, promote the hatching rate of fertilized eggs in breeding pool, and the eel shoot survival percent after hatching is high, mobility is strong, can batch
Obtain the swamp eel seedling of high quality.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry, comprising the following specific steps
(1) building in artificial propagation pond:
In pond, bottom of pond spreads the mud of one layer of 20cm, and water is maintained at 30cm deeply, and pool wall is higher by water surface 20cm or more, launches life
Lime disinfection, regulating water quality pH is in 6.5-7.2；
(2) setting of net cage:
Net cage, specification 1.5m are made with the gauze of 100 mesh3, top is vacant, and net cage is fixed in breeding pool, net cage bottom
Close to bottom of pond mud；Water peanut is transplanted in net cage, area coverage should account for the 50% of net cage area；
(3) selection of close eel:
In mid-May in putting close eel in net cage in a suitable place to breed, selecting the weight of female close eel individual is 90g/ tail, male parent's eel individual
Weight is 120g/ tail, it is desirable that close eel is disease-free without wound, without deformity, and mobility is strong；
Close eel embathes 5min with 3% saline solution before putting in a suitable place to breed and carries out disinfection, and close eel breeding density is female 6/m of eel2, male eel 3/
m2；
(4) close eel instruction food is cultivated:
Instruction food processing is carried out after close eel nowel, and freshwater mussel meat living, fresh earthworm, fresh fish etc. are worn into slurry, mix " yellow eel food attractant-growth promoting
Agent " starts instruction food, and feeding amount is initially added into yellow eel special compound feed after feeding 6 days according to the 5% of close eel total weight, addition
Sequentially progressive method is measured, is gradually increased daily, lasting instruction food can control the ratio of mixed feed and fresh and alive feed for 2 weeks
The Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations induced breeding of feeding quality 10% is fed after eating food normally in the standard of 1:1.5；
The Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations are mixed by motherwort, Herba Epimedii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Semen Cuscutae according to compatibility, are polished into powder；
The yellow eel special compound feed main component includes swelling soya dreg, rice bran, white fish meal, multi-vitamins, complex mineral
Matter, protein content 38%-40%.
(5) oviposition and hatching of swamp eel:
Close eel spits foam between the water peanut in net cage and nests before oviposition, 2-4 days after nesting, yellow eel starts to be laid eggs,
Fertilization forms circulation miniflow water with Multifunctional oxygen supplying pump and is hatched, guarantee that daily light application time is full in yellow eel reproductive process
Sufficient 12h when daily morning and evening natural lighting deficiency, adds additional illumination, and hatching intensity of illumination is 1500lx, controls water temperature in 28-
30℃；
(6) seed rearing:
4-6d is emerged after close eel is nested, and feeds microzooplankton, the prelarva after hatching disappears substantially through 5-7d yolk bag, by eel
Seedling is separated with close eel, is gone in seedling pond and is cultivated.
Wherein, in yellow eel breeding period it is noted that dissolved oxygen in water is kept to be not less than 4mg/L, water when filling new water or changing water
The temperature difference controls within 2 DEG C, clears up residual bait and pollutant in net cage in time, and water peanut can be improved when being higher than 30 DEG C in water temperature
Area coverage.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry, which is characterized in that comprising the following specific steps
(1) building in artificial propagation pond:
In pond, bottom of pond spreads the mud of one layer of 20-25cm, and water is maintained at 30-40cm deeply, and pool wall is higher by water surface 20cm or more,
Lime disinfection is launched, regulating water quality pH is in 6.5-7.2；
(2) setting of net cage:
Net cage, specification 1-1.5m are made with the gauze of 100 mesh3, top is vacant, and net cage is fixed in breeding pool, net cage bottom
Portion is close to bottom of pond mud；Water peanut is transplanted in net cage, area coverage should account for the 45-60% of net cage area；
(3) selection of close eel:
In mid-May in putting close eel in net cage in a suitable place to breed, selecting the weight of female close eel individual is 70-110g/ tail, male parent's eel
The weight of body is 110-150g/ tail, it is desirable that close eel is disease-free without wound, without deformity, and mobility is strong；
Close eel embathes 4-5 min with the saline solution of 3%-4% before putting in a suitable place to breed and carries out disinfection, and close eel breeding density is female eel 6-7 item/m2, male
Eel 2-3 item/m2；
(4) close eel instruction food is cultivated:
Instruction food processing is carried out after close eel nowel, and freshwater mussel meat living, fresh earthworm, fresh fish etc. are worn into slurry, mix " yellow eel food attractant-growth promoting
Agent " starts instruction food, and feeding amount is initially added into yellow eel special compound feed, adds according to the 3-6% of close eel total weight after feeding 5-6 days
The amount entered sequentially progressive method, gradually increases, lasting instruction food 2 weeks can be by the ratio of mixed feed and fresh and alive feed daily
Control in 1:(1-1.5) standard, wait eat food it is normal after, fed in right amount by motherwort, Herba Epimedii, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Semen Cuscutae mixing system
Standby Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations induced breeding；
(5) oviposition and hatching of swamp eel:
Close eel spits foam between the water peanut in net cage and nests before oviposition, 2-4 days after nesting, yellow eel starts to be laid eggs,
Fertilization forms circulation miniflow water with Multifunctional oxygen supplying pump and is hatched, guarantee that daily light application time is full in yellow eel reproductive process
Sufficient 12h when daily morning and evening natural lighting deficiency, adds additional illumination, and hatching intensity of illumination is 1000-1500lx, controls water temperature
At 28-30 DEG C；
(6) seed rearing:
4-6d is emerged after close eel is nested, and feeds microzooplankton, the prelarva after hatching disappears substantially through 5-7d yolk bag, by eel
Seedling is separated with close eel, is gone in seedling pond and is cultivated.
2. a kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (4)
Yellow eel special compound feed main component includes swelling soya dreg, rice bran, white fish meal, multi-vitamins, composite mineral matter, albumen
Matter content is 38%-40%.
3. a kind of half-manual breeding method of monopterus albus fry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described numerous in yellow eel
The phase is grown it is noted that keeping dissolved oxygen in water not less than 4mg/L, water temperature difference control is within 2 DEG C when filling new water or changing water, in time
The residual bait and pollutant in net cage are cleared up, the area coverage of water peanut can be improved in water temperature when being higher than 30 DEG C.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110036948A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-23 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of method of ox head porgy batch breeding |
| CN110402857A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-05 | 三亚福联水产发展有限公司 | A kind of grouper quick-breeding method |
| CN110692553A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 长江大学 | Intraspecific hybridization breeding method for improving growth speed of finless eels |
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| CN110036948A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-23 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | A kind of method of ox head porgy batch breeding |
| CN110402857A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-05 | 三亚福联水产发展有限公司 | A kind of grouper quick-breeding method |
| CN110692553A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 长江大学 | Intraspecific hybridization breeding method for improving growth speed of finless eels |
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