CN106577383A - Intelligent method for artificial breeding of sauries in Yangtze River - Google Patents
Intelligent method for artificial breeding of sauries in Yangtze River Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577383A CN106577383A CN201611077212.5A CN201611077212A CN106577383A CN 106577383 A CN106577383 A CN 106577383A CN 201611077212 A CN201611077212 A CN 201611077212A CN 106577383 A CN106577383 A CN 106577383A
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- cultivation
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- water
- hairtail
- oxygenation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent method for artificial breeding of sauries in Yangtze River. The method includes the steps that a farm is established; a three-dimensional farm is established; a circulation water breeding system is established in the bottom layer; feeding of the sauries is conducted; the feeding proportion is controlled according to the feeding date and the temperature of a breeding water source; daily management is conducted; the time for injecting new water and increasing oxygen is reasonably selected; and disease control is conducted. According to the method, due to the fact that the three-dimensional breeding field is established and multiple breeding water environment detection systems are established, the breeding environment is intelligently detected, the breeding environment of water in the Yangtze River is simulated, a comfortable breeding environment is provided for the sauries, the success rate of the artificial breeding of the sauries is increased, bait on which the sauries feed and the sauries are bred at the same time, ecological environmental protection is achieved, and the breeding efficiency is improved; and due to the fact that the circulation water breeding system is used for recycling a breeding water source, the breeding cost is reduced; and due to the arrangement of a heat insulation system, accurate control over the temperature of the saury breeding environment is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture.It is more particularly related to have the growth ring of simulated seawater
The method that the intelligent high-efficiency rate low cost in border propagates the Changjiang river hairtail of precious fish characteristic artificially.
Background technology
Flesh of hairtail fertilizer thorn is few, and delicious flavour is nutritious, is one of the Changjiang river three delicacies, and protein 18.4 is contained per 100 grams of hairtails
Gram, 4.6 grams of fat, also containing the multiple nutritional components such as phosphorus, iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium and vitamin A, B1, B2；Hairtail is containing unsaturation
Aliphatic acid is more, and the carbochain of aliphatic acid is again longer, is the ideal of old man, children, pregnant and lying-in women with cholesterol effect is reduced
Nourishing food；Hairtail has certain medical value.At all times medical science and the medicinal books of aquatic products are recorded for China, and hairtail has nourishing the liver, dispels
The functions such as wind, hemostasis, have good effect to treating the diseases such as bleeding, sore, carbuncle swells.Hairtail squama is the antipyretic breath pain piece of manufacture and antineoplastic medicine
Raw material.Contain various unrighted acids in squama, be significantly reduced cholesterol effect.Suitable weakness due to chronic disease, the deficiency of blood is dizzy,
Shortness of breath and fatigue, deficiency of food wins thin, and the people of malnutrition eats.The traditional Chinese medical science thinks that it can be with middle appetizing, warm stomach qi-restoratives, flesh of also moistening
Skin, effect of beauty, but the people with sore, scabies still eats less and is advisable.Also contain in the squama and silvery white oil layer of hairtail whole body
There is a kind of thioguanine of anticancer component -6, it is beneficial to auxiliary treatment leukaemia, cancer of the stomach, lympha tumour etc..Jing often to eat with hairtail,
There are help the five internal organs.Hairtail contains abundant magnesium elements, there is good protective effect to cardiovascular system, is conducive to pre-
The angiocardiopathies such as anti-hypertension, myocardial infarction.
The Changjiang river hairtail is very high to growing environmental requirement, in order that hairtail can preferably shake down.Need to adopt water
Circulation, simulate the Changjiang river aquaculture model, daily constantly determine pond in pH value, water quality, dissolved oxygen, ammonia-nitrogen content, be exactly for
Create good living environment.But propagate the cultural method that hairtail does not have complete mature artificially at present, cause existing
It is more and more expensive in the price of hairtail, can not be enjoyed by masses；In addition, hairtail hairtail.Present many hairtail cultural methods
All can not well control the temperature of water body in culturing pool, because the reason for temperature control is improper and what caused hairtail was annihilated
Accident is of common occurrence, and to culturist huge economic loss is caused；In addition, also there is breeding wastewater being directly discharged to and cultivation
The water system that field is adjoined, to environment pollution is produced；Plant's internal trenches system is emitted into, pollution, water quality are produced to breeding water
Management condition is poor so that hairtail occurs the phenomenon of mortality.
The content of the invention
As the result of various extensive and careful research and experiment, it has been found by the inventor that by setting up
Three-dimensional plant, and the monitoring system of cultivation water environment is set up in three-dimensional plant so that the cultivation growth ring of hairtail
Border improves the success rate for propagating hairtail artificially closer to the natural growing environment of the Changjiang river seawater；The bait of hairtail will be fed
Insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps and hairtail cultivate simultaneously, and ecological, environmental protective improves cultivation efficiency, reduces aquaculture cost.
Based on this discovery, the present invention is completed.
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above or defect, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
A further object of the invention is natural by laying in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer
Fibrous material layer, adsorbs aerobic microorganism, by blasting air so that aerobic microorganism point on natural fiber material layer
Solution hairtail excreta, utilization is circulated by circulating water culture system to cultivating water source, and circulating water culture system is transported
Carry out being decomposed into bait insects, Forage fishes to the hairtail metabolin in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer
Or the growth of bait shrimps provides nutrition, greatly reduces aquaculture cost.
In order to realize these purposes of the invention and further advantage, there is provided the Changjiang river knife is propagated in a kind of intellectuality artificially
The method of fish, methods described is specifically included：
1) foundation of plant：Three-dimensional plant is set up, the three-dimensional plant includes top layer and bottom, the top
The water-tight structure that can be shunk to three-dimensional plant both sides is provided between layer and the bottom, the bottom is supported including first
Layer side and the first cultivation layer bottom surface are grown, the first cultivation layer side constitutes first and cultivate layer with the described first cultivation layer bottom surface
Border, the first cultivation layer border is provided with the monitoring system of multiple cultivation water environments, the detection system of the cultivation water environment
System includes：PH value monitoring device, water monitoring device, dissolved oxygen monitor and ammonia-nitrogen content monitoring device, the pH value prison
The length direction that device, water monitoring device, dissolved oxygen monitor and ammonia-nitrogen content monitoring device are surveyed along the bottom is connected
The first cultivation layer border is arranged on, the first cultivation layer side is provided with elastic nylon net near the side of cultivation water
Layer, the thickness of the elastic nylon stratum reticulare is 2～8m, and the first cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with S-shaped or dolioform argillo arenaceous layer,
The thickness of the argillo arenaceous layer is 1～2m, and the depth of water of the bottom is 3～6m, and area is 8000～10000m2, the top layer
For bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer；
2) circulating water culture system is set up：Described first cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with circulating water culture system, institute
Stating circulating water culture system includes：Cultivation wastewater purification ecological canal, effluent settling chamber and clarifier-tank, the cultivation wastewater purification
Ecological canal conveying cultivation the bottom hairtail waste water to the effluent settling chamber, the effluent settling chamber carries out waste water
Precipitation, the supernatant after precipitation is purified into the clarifier-tank, the water source of the lower floor containing hairtail excreta of the sedimentation basin
Being transported to the top layer by water pump extraction is used for the cultivation of bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps as fertilizer, described
Water quality transparency after clarifier-tank purification is 30～35cm, and 6～8mg/mL of dissolved oxygen amount, pH value is 6.0～7.6, the clarifier-tank
Water source after purification cycles through the water filling port of the bottom and injects for the cultivation water source to hairtail；
3) hairtail feeds：Bait insects, Forage fishes or the bait shrimps of the top layer cultivation are fed in the bottom,
Feed ratio and remembered with the percentage of hairtail weight, feed ratio and be controlled according to the temperature for raising date and cultivation water source, have
Body is：In March～May, it is 3%～8% to feed ratio, feeds number of times for 1 time, and June～September, the ratio that feeds is 16%～25%,
Number of times is fed for 2 times, in October～December, it is 2%～6% to feed ratio, feeds number of times for 1 time；The temperature at cultivation water source is 20
DEG C when, feed ratio for 0.2%～0.4%, when the temperature for cultivating water source is 21～22 DEG C, feed ratio for 0.5%～
1.8%, when the temperature for cultivating water source is 23～28 DEG C, ratio is fed for 2.2%～2.8%；
4) daily management：The water filling port of the bottom injects the selection of time of new water：March～May, water injection time is 14:
00～15:00, water injection time is 20min, and June～September, water injection time is 15:00～16:00, water injection time is 30min, 10
The moon～December, water injection time is 13:00～14:00, water injection time is 20min；The bottom oxygenation selection of time：Fine day, opens
Machine oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：11:00～12:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation one hour；Cloudy day：Start the oxygenation time and
Oxygenation number of times：2:00～4:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；Rainy day：, start oxygenation time and oxygenation on rainy day in the morning
Number of times：18:00～19:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation one hour；Rainy day at noon, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：20:
00～22:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times on rainy day the dusk：2:00～4:00,
Oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；It is unbroken overcast and rainy：Start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：2:00～3:00,11:00～12:
00,18:00～19:00 oxygenation three times, each oxygenation one hour；
5) disease control：Before entering the bottom under fingerling, with 0.1～0.2kg/m2Quick lime the bottom is carried out entirely
Face is splashed, during whole cultivation hairtail, using cultivation water of the monitoring system of the cultivation water environment to the bottom
The water quality in source carries out detecting infection of the pre- disease prevention to hairtail.
Preferably, wherein, also including step：Before culture bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps, to described
Splash daily 30kg/hm in top layer2Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps bait, to breed the top layer in
Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps, the bait insects for having bred, Forage fishes or bait shrimps are pumped into
The bottom is fed after hairtail, and splash again daily 22.5kg/hm2Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps bait, make
Water quality is in light green or filbert, and bait insects, Forage fishes or the bait shrimps bait for having abundance to ensure the top layer is
Required for the growth of hairtail, keep bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps quantity to be more than 500/L, the top layer it is molten
Oxygen amount is 6～10mg/L.
Preferably, wherein, the top layer includes the second cultivation layer side and the second cultivation layer bottom surface, second cultivation
Layer side constitutes second and cultivates layer border, the second cultivation layer side and the wastewater sedimentation with the described second cultivation layer bottom surface
Pond communicates, and the second cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with basic unit and natural fiber material layer, and the natural fiber material layer is arranged on
The top of the basic unit, the basic unit can shrink to three-dimensional plant both sides, be provided with the natural fiber material layer many
Pore structure is so that the bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps are by into the bottom, the natural fiber material layer
On be adsorbed with aerobic microorganism.
Preferably, wherein, the first cultivation layer border is provided with heat-insulation system, and the heat-insulation system is included along institute
Multiple temperature sensors that the length direction of bottom is arranged are stated, the heat-insulation system also includes：Multiple heating element heaters and multiple cold
But element, multiple heating element heaters and the cooling element it is corresponding with multiple temperature sensors, work as temperature sensor
The cultivation water source temperature of different parts of the bottom is detected less than 20 DEG C, starts the heating element heater control of relevant position
Cultivation water source temperature is 20～28 DEG C, when the cultivation water source temperature of the bottom is higher than 28 DEG C, starts the described cold of relevant position
But element controls cultivation water source temperature for 20～28 DEG C.
Preferably, wherein, the bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer cultivation bait insects, bait
Material fish or bait shrimps are Brachionus calyciflorus, fairy shrimp, fresh water red worm, little dace or millet shrimp.
Preferably, wherein, the aerobic microorganism includes：Cytophage, pseudomonas, cellulomonas cartae
Category, streptomycete, green wood enzyme, Aspergillus terreus or Basidiomycetes mould, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus saki
In three kinds or multiple combination.
Preferably, wherein, the natural fiber material layer is made by the one kind in wood chip and raw bamboo fiber.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
1st, by arranging the detecting system of multiple cultivation water environments in three-dimensional plant, to hairtail cultivation water environment
PH, water quality, dissolved oxygen and ammonia-nitrogen content carry out intelligent monitoring so that the Changjiang river of the cultivation water environment closer to wild hairtail
Water environment, improves the success rate for propagating hairtail artificially；
2nd, by setting up three-dimensional plant, bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps and the hairtail of hairtail will be fed
Cultivate simultaneously, save cultivation soil, ecological, environmental protective improves cultivation efficiency；
3rd, by arranging natural fiber material layer in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer, by circulation
Water cultivating system is circulated utilizations to cultivating water source, and by circulating water culture system transport arrive bait insects, Forage fishes or
Hairtail metabolin in bait shrimp culture layer carries out being decomposed into the growth of bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps and provides battalion
Support, reduce aquaculture cost；
4th, by arranging heat-insulation system in hairtail cultivation layer, layer is cultivated by multiple temperature sensor accurate detections different
The temperature of position is simultaneously regulated and controled so that the cultivation water source temperature of the diverse location of the cultivation layer of cultivation hairtail is accurately controlled in knife
Fish grows and optimum temperature of ovulating, and reduces the phenomenon of the mortality rate that hairtail is inaccurately caused because of temperature control,
Reduce the economic loss of culturist；
5th, the growing environment in different cultivation months and cultivation water source temperature is adapted to, and selects different to feed ratio
Example, is accurately controlled to feeding ratio so that the death rate of hairtail is reduced, and growing environment is comfortable, beneficial to Fast Growth；
6th, according to the time for selecting the different new water sources of injection different cultivation months, the adaptation environment energy of hairtail is improved
Power, improves feeding efficiency；Occurred according to the different and anomalous weather of different weather, and identical weather duration length
Time, reasonable selection is to oxygenation in hairtail cultivation layer, control oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times, it is to avoid the hairtail of cultivation occurs
Floating head phenomenon, greatly reduces hairtail because of the death rate for raising the nose above water to breathe to occur, and improves the cultivation efficiency of hairtail.
7th, periodically cultivate layer for hairtail to carry out disinfection, reduce disease incidence, improve the survival rate and nutriture value of hairtail
Value.
The further advantage of the present invention, target and feature embody part by description below, and part will also be by this
The research of invention and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
Below the present invention is described in further detail, with make those skilled in the art with reference to specification word being capable of evidence
To implement.
It should be appreciated that it is used herein such as " have ", "comprising" and " including " term do not allot one or many
The presence or addition of individual other elements or its combination.
A kind of method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality artificially, methods described is specifically included：
1) foundation of plant：Three-dimensional plant is set up, the three-dimensional plant includes top layer and bottom, the top
The water-tight structure that can be shunk to three-dimensional plant both sides is provided between layer and the bottom, the bottom is supported including first
Layer side and the first cultivation layer bottom surface are grown, the first cultivation layer side constitutes first and cultivate layer with the described first cultivation layer bottom surface
Border, the first cultivation layer border is provided with the monitoring system of multiple cultivation water environments, the detection system of the cultivation water environment
System includes：PH value monitoring device, water monitoring device, dissolved oxygen monitor and ammonia-nitrogen content monitoring device, the pH value prison
The length direction that device, water monitoring device, dissolved oxygen monitor and ammonia-nitrogen content monitoring device are surveyed along the bottom is connected
The first cultivation layer border is arranged on, the first cultivation layer side is provided with elastic nylon net near the side of cultivation water
Layer, the thickness of the elastic nylon stratum reticulare is 2～8m, and the first cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with S-shaped or dolioform argillo arenaceous layer,
The thickness of the argillo arenaceous layer is 1～2m, and the depth of water of the bottom is 3～6m, and area is 8000～10000m2, the top layer
For bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer；
Wherein, by arranging the detecting system of multiple cultivation water environments in three-dimensional plant, water ring is cultivated to hairtail
The pH in border, water quality, dissolved oxygen and ammonia-nitrogen content carry out intelligent monitoring so that cultivation water environment is closer to wild hairtail
The Changjiang river water environment, improves the success rate for propagating hairtail artificially；Plant is arranged to into three-dimensional plant, by the generation of hairtail
Thank to product to cultivate the feed of hairtail, improve cultivation efficiency.By arranging heat-insulation system in the described first cultivation layer border,
The temperature of layer diverse location is cultivated by multiple temperature sensor accurate detections and regulated and controled so that the cultivation layer of cultivation hairtail
Diverse location cultivation water source temperature be accurately controlled in hairtail growth and optimum temperature of ovulating, reduce hairtail because of temperature
The phenomenon of the mortality rate that degree control is inaccurately caused, reduces the economic loss of culturist；In the described first cultivation layer side
Face is provided with elastic nylon stratum reticulare near the side of cultivation water, and the thickness for controlling elastic nylon stratum reticulare is 2～8m, it is to avoid hairtail is swum
Dynamic touching cultivate layer and destroy the tender and lovely flap of hairtail made by hard material, causes the death of hairtail, is hairtail creation
Suitable growth breeding environment；
2) circulating water culture system is set up：Described first cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with circulating water culture system, institute
Stating circulating water culture system includes：Cultivation wastewater purification ecological canal, effluent settling chamber and clarifier-tank, the cultivation wastewater purification
Ecological canal conveying cultivation the bottom hairtail waste water to the effluent settling chamber, the effluent settling chamber carries out waste water
Precipitation, the supernatant after precipitation is purified into the clarifier-tank, the water source of the lower floor containing hairtail excreta of the sedimentation basin
Being transported to the top layer by water pump extraction is used for the cultivation of bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps as fertilizer, described
Water quality transparency after clarifier-tank purification is 30～35cm, and 6～8mg/mL of dissolved oxygen amount, pH value is 6.0～7.6, the clarifier-tank
Water source after purification cycles through the water filling port of the bottom and injects for the cultivation water source to hairtail；
3) hairtail feeds：Bait insects, Forage fishes or the bait shrimps of the top layer cultivation are fed in the bottom,
Feed ratio and remembered with the percentage of hairtail weight, feed ratio and be controlled according to the temperature for raising date and cultivation water source, have
Body is：In March～May, it is 3%～8% to feed ratio, feeds number of times for 1 time, and June～September, the ratio that feeds is 16%～25%,
Number of times is fed for 2 times, in October～December, it is 2%～6% to feed ratio, feeds number of times for 1 time；The temperature at cultivation water source is 20
DEG C when, feed ratio for 0.2%～0.4%, when the temperature for cultivating water source is 21～22 DEG C, feed ratio for 0.5%～
1.8%, when the temperature for cultivating water source is 23～28 DEG C, ratio is fed for 2.2%～2.8%；
During by different breeding, according to the habit of hairtail, egg-laying time carries out feeding for different proportion, according to water
Gentle weather condition, the feeding volume of precise control hairtail feed prevents from excessively feeding or feeding deficiency, affects fish normally to give birth to
It is long；For example, the egg-laying season of hairtail is or so June, while controlling water temperature reaches 28 DEG C or so, provides suitable breeding for hairtail and supports
Water temperature is grown, therefore in or so June, increase feeds ratio, is conducive to hairtail to lay eggs, and increases the fingerling rate in cultivation layer, improves hairtail
Yield, improve cultivation efficiency, only 2 millimeters of the hairtail seedling length initially hatched, and " open-mouthed bait " of fry equivalent to baby
First milk, be fry survival key, by " Brachionus calyciflorus " as the open-mouthed bait of hairtail seedling, substantially increase
The survival rate of hairtail nursery, improves the success rate for propagating hairtail artificially, is changed to feed " fairy shrimp ", two weeks after feeding 5 days
Feed " fresh water red worm " again afterwards, to August part, at that time the knife fish at 3 monthly ages grow to 10 centimetres, body weight reach 5-7 gram, so that it may throw
Feed little dace and millet shrimp etc.；
4) daily management：The water filling port of the bottom injects the selection of time of new water：March～May, water injection time is 14:
00～15:00, water injection time is 20min, and June～September, water injection time is 15:00～16:00, water injection time is 30min, 10
The moon～December, water injection time is 13:00～14:00, water injection time is 20min；The bottom oxygenation selection of time：Fine day, opens
Machine oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：11:00～12:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation one hour；Cloudy day：Start the oxygenation time and
Oxygenation number of times：2:00～4:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；Rainy day：, start oxygenation time and oxygenation on rainy day in the morning
Number of times：18:00～19:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation one hour；Rainy day at noon, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：20:
00～22:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times on rainy day the dusk：2:00～4:00,
Oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；It is unbroken overcast and rainy：Start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：2:00～3:00,11:00～12:
00,18:00～19:00 oxygenation three times, each oxygenation one hour；
Wherein, cultivate hairtail and should be noted regulating water quality, different water injection times, 6-9 are selected according to the different cultivation phases
Month, with the gradually increase of the age of a fish, the egg-laying season being entered, a large amount of hairtails are bred, and the egg-laying season is needed with certain flowing water,
Therefore select to increase water injection time, increase the mobility of the new water of injection, improve the spawning efficiency of hairtail.
Easily there is floating head phenomenon in plant fish, and especially fish gradually grow up and overcast and rainy, it is therefore desirable to supporting
Growing field carries out oxygenation, according to weather condition selection different oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times, significantly reduces the floating head of hairtail
Phenomenon, greatly reduces the problem of death of the hairtail caused because of floating head phenomenon, e.g., oxygenation selection of time is existed on rainy day the dusk
Morning 2 next day:00～4:00, the dissolved oxygen that upper and lower water layer is reduced in time is poor；And it is unbroken overcast and rainy, oxygenation is not enough, easily occurs tight
The floating head phenomenon of weight, it is therefore desirable to increase oxygenation number of times, but also need to avoid noon to start shooting oxygenation, hypobaric weather, in
Noon oxygenation easily causes water quality drastically to deteriorate, and affects the growth of hairtail, therefore selects carry out oxygenation to cultivating layer to the dusk afternoon,
Floating head phenomenon is substantially reduced, the survival rate and cultivation efficiency of hairtail is improve.
5) disease control：Before entering the bottom under fingerling, with 0.1～0.2kg/m2Quick lime the bottom is carried out entirely
Face is splashed, during whole cultivation hairtail, using cultivation water of the monitoring system of the cultivation water environment to the bottom
The water quality in source carries out detecting infection of the pre- disease prevention to hairtail.
Adhere to the principle of " relying mainly on prevention, anti-overweighting is controlled ", before it there is no disease cultivation layer is carried out disinfection and splashed
Antimicrobial DP finish, is protected comprehensively to cultivating layer, and the growing environment for hairtail provides the guarantee of health, is supported by different
Grow the phase and select different antimicrobial DP finish to be splashed, for the bacterium of different times, pathogen is targetedly prevented
And killing, it is with strong points, improve the efficiency of disease control.
In another kind of embodiment, also including step：Before culture bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps, to
Splash daily 30kg/hm in the top layer2Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps bait, to breed the top
Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps in layer, the bait insects for having bred, Forage fishes or bait shrimps are taken out
Enter to the bottom and feed after hairtail, splash again daily 22.5kg/hm2Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps bait
Material, makes water quality in light green or filbert, to ensure that the top layer has bait insects, Forage fishes or the bait shrimps bait of abundance
Expect required for the growth of hairtail, to keep bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps quantity to be more than 500/L, the top layer
Dissolved oxygen amount be 6～10mg/L.By ensureing the top layer breeding bait insects, Forage fishes or the confession of bait shrimps nutrition
Should, and the control of bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps growing environment condition so that bait insects, Forage fishes or
Bait shrimps have the sufficient material that feeds, and growing environment is suitable, raised growth, for bait insects, bait that hairtail provides abundance
Fish or bait shrimps bait, it is ensured that the source of nutrition of hairtail growth is sufficient.
In another kind of embodiment, the top layer includes the second cultivation layer side and the second cultivation layer bottom surface, described second
Cultivation layer side constitutes second and cultivates layer border, the second cultivation layer side and the waste water with the described second cultivation layer bottom surface
Sedimentation basin is communicated, and the second cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with basic unit and natural fiber material layer, and the natural fiber material layer sets
Put in the top of the basic unit, the basic unit can shrink to three-dimensional plant both sides, arrange on the natural fiber material layer
There is loose structure so that the bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps are by into the bottom, the natural fiber material
Aerobic microorganism is adsorbed with the bed of material.The second cultivation layer bottom in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer
Face arranges natural fiber material layer, and utilization is circulated to cultivating water source by circulating water culture system, and by circulating water cultivation
System transfer to the hairtail metabolin in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer carry out being decomposed into bait insects,
The growth of Forage fishes or bait shrimps provides nutrition, reduces aquaculture cost, and the aerobic microorganism includes：Cytophaga
Category, pseudomonas, Cellulomonas, streptomycete, green wood enzyme, Aspergillus terreus or Basidiomycetes mould, lactobacillus acidophilus, guarantor
Plus three kinds in Leah lactobacillus and Lactobacillus saki or multiple combination.It is rich by the absorption of multiple types aerobic microorganism
The rich microbe species for decomposing hairtail metabolin so that hairtail metabolin is fully utilized, and is bait insects, bait fish
Class or bait shrimps provide abundant nutriment, by the setting of basic unit and the natural fiber material layer of loose structure, when right
When hairtail is not fed, retractable basic unit blocks bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps and enters in state is sprawled
The bottom, when feeding to hairtail, retractable basic unit is in retracted mode, bait insects, Forage fishes or bait
Shrimps enter the bottom by the natural fiber material layer of loose structure, and hairtail is fed, and feeding for hairtail is carried out
The control of automation, improves the efficiency of cultivation, reduces breeding spaces, has saved the cost of cultivation.
In another kind of embodiment, the first cultivation layer border is provided with heat-insulation system, and the heat-insulation system includes
Along multiple temperature sensors that the length direction of the bottom is arranged, the heat-insulation system also includes：Multiple heating element heaters and many
Individual cooling element, multiple heating element heaters and the cooling element it is corresponding with multiple temperature sensors, when temperature pass
Sensor detects the cultivation water source temperature of the different parts of the bottom less than 20 DEG C, starts the heating element heater of relevant position
Cultivation water source temperature is controlled for 20～28 DEG C, when the cultivation water source temperature of the bottom is higher than 28 DEG C, starts the institute of relevant position
State cooling element and control cultivation water source temperature for 20～28 DEG C, less than 20 DEG C or higher than 28 DEG C, hairtail does not just ingest and occurs
Death, does not always stop to move about in water so that the speed of growth of hairtail declines, and serious conditions may cause the death of hairtail, leads to
Cross the temperature of multiple temperature sensor accurate detection cultivation layer diverse locations and regulated and controled, by corresponding to multiple TEMPs
Multiple heating element heaters and multiple cooling elements of device carry out accurate detection and regulation and control to the cultivation water of affiliated bottom diverse location, are
The growth of hairtail provides comfortable environment, improve the breeding potential of hairtail, and then improves cultivation efficiency and the hairtail of hairtail
Cultured output.
In another kind of embodiment, the bait insects of the bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer cultivation,
Forage fishes or bait shrimps are Brachionus calyciflorus, fairy shrimp, fresh water red worm, little dace or millet shrimp.By hairtail not
With growth period, feed different bait, the breeding survival rate and cultivation success rate of hairtail are improve, using natural many
The cultivation for planting flower bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps is fed to hairtail, improves the nutritive value of hairtail, is enriched
Hairtail feeds bait, and then improves the growth rate and proliferative speed of hairtail.
In another kind of embodiment, natural fiber material layer is made by the one kind in wood chip and raw bamboo fiber.Selection has
Beneficial to the material of microorganism is adsorbed as the material of natural fiber material layer, the growing environment of aerobic microorganism is improve, be
The metabolite for preferably decomposing hairtail provides favourable guarantee.
It can be seen that, the detecting system by arranging multiple cultivation water environments in three-dimensional plant of the invention is supported to hairtail
Growing pH, water quality, dissolved oxygen and the ammonia-nitrogen content of water environment carries out intelligent monitoring so that cultivation water environment is closer to wild
The Changjiang river water environment of hairtail, improves the success rate for propagating hairtail artificially；By setting up three-dimensional plant, hairtail will be fed
Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps and hairtail cultivate simultaneously, save cultivation soil, and ecological, environmental protective improves cultivation effect
Rate；By arranging natural fiber material layer in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer, by circulating water cultivation system
System is circulated utilization to cultivating water source, and by circulating water culture system transport to bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps
Hairtail metabolin in cultivation layer carries out being decomposed into the growth of bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps and provides nutrition, reduces
Aquaculture cost；Heat-insulation system is set in by cultivating layer in hairtail, layer is cultivated not by multiple temperature sensor accurate detections
With position temperature and regulated and controled so that the cultivation water source temperature of diverse location of the cultivation layer of cultivation hairtail is accurately controlled in
Hairtail grows and optimum temperature of ovulating, and reduces showing for the mortality rate that hairtail is inaccurately caused because of temperature control
As reducing the economic loss of culturist；Circulating water culture system is set in by cultivating layer in hairtail, by supporting for cultivation hairtail
Growing water source carries out decontamination cycle, does not outwardly discharge breeding wastewater, reaches breeding wastewater and recycles；To different cultivation months
And the growing environment of cultivation water source temperature is adapted to, and select it is different feed ratio, be accurately controlled to feeding ratio,
So that the death rate of hairtail is reduced, growing environment is comfortable, beneficial to Fast Growth；Different notes are selected according to different cultivation months
Enter the time at new water source, improve the accommodative ability of environment of hairtail, improve feeding efficiency；According to different weather, and mutually on the same day
The time that the different and anomalous weather of gas duration length occurs, reasonable selection to oxygenation in hairtail cultivation layer, control increase
Oxygen time and oxygenation number of times, it is to avoid floating head phenomenon occurs in the hairtail of cultivation, greatly reduce hairtail because of the death for raising the nose above water to breathe to occur
Rate, improves the cultivation efficiency of hairtail.Periodically carry out disinfection for hairtail cultivation layer, reduce disease incidence, improve depositing for hairtail
Motility rate and nutritive value.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment
With.It can be applied to completely various suitable the field of the invention.For those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification.Therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality artificially, methods described is specifically included：
1) foundation of plant：Set up three-dimensional plant, the three-dimensional plant includes top layer and bottom, the top layer with
The water-tight structure that can be shunk to three-dimensional plant both sides is provided between the bottom, the bottom includes the first cultivation layer
Side and the first cultivation layer bottom surface, the first cultivation layer side constitutes first and cultivates layer side with the described first cultivation layer bottom surface
Boundary, the first cultivation layer border is provided with the monitoring system of multiple cultivation water environments, the detecting system of the cultivation water environment
Including：PH value monitoring device, water monitoring device, dissolved oxygen monitor and ammonia-nitrogen content monitoring device, the pH value monitoring
Device, water monitoring device, dissolved oxygen monitor and ammonia-nitrogen content monitoring device set along the length direction series connection of the bottom
Put on the described first cultivation layer border, the first cultivation layer side is provided with elastic nylon stratum reticulare near the side of cultivation water,
The thickness of the elastic nylon stratum reticulare is 2～8m, and the first cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with S-shaped or dolioform argillo arenaceous layer, institute
The thickness for stating argillo arenaceous layer is 1～2m, and the depth of water of the bottom is 3～6m, and area is 8000～10000m2, the top layer is
Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp culture layer；
2) circulating water culture system is set up：Described first cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with circulating water culture system, the recirculated water
Cultivating system includes：Cultivation wastewater purification ecological canal, effluent settling chamber and clarifier-tank, the cultivation wastewater purification ecological canal
The waste water that cultivation is conveyed in the bottom hairtail is to the effluent settling chamber, and the effluent settling chamber is precipitated waste water, heavy
Supernatant behind shallow lake is purified into the clarifier-tank, and the water source of the lower floor containing hairtail excreta of the sedimentation basin passes through water pump
Extraction is transported to the top layer is used for the cultivation of bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps as fertilizer, and the clarifier-tank is net
Water quality transparency after change is 30～35cm, and 6～8mg/mL of dissolved oxygen amount, pH value is 6.0～7.6, after the clarifier-tank purification
Water source cycles through the water filling port of the bottom and injects for the cultivation water source to hairtail；
3) hairtail feeds：Bait insects, Forage fishes or the bait shrimps of the top layer cultivation are fed in the bottom, is fed
Ratio is remembered with the percentage of hairtail weight, feeds ratio and be controlled according to the temperature for raising date and cultivation water source, specially：
In March～May, it is 3%～8% to feed ratio, feeds number of times for 1 time, and in June～September, it is 16%～25% to feed ratio, is fed
Number of times is 2 times, October～December, and it is 2%～6% to feed ratio, feeds number of times for 1 time；When the temperature at cultivation water source is 20 DEG C,
It is 0.2%～0.4% to feed ratio, and when the temperature for cultivating water source is 21～22 DEG C, the ratio that feeds is 0.5%～1.8%, cultivation
When the temperature at water source is 23～28 DEG C, ratio is fed for 2.2%～2.8%；
4) daily management：The water filling port of the bottom injects the selection of time of new water：March～May, water injection time is 14:00～
15:00, water injection time is 20min, and June～September, water injection time is 15:00～16:00, water injection time is 30min, October～
December, water injection time is 13:00～14:00, water injection time is 20min；The bottom oxygenation selection of time：Fine day, start increases
Oxygen time and oxygenation number of times：11:00～12:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation one hour；Cloudy day：Start oxygenation time and oxygenation
Number of times：2:00～4:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；Rainy day：, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times on rainy day in the morning：
18:00～19:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation one hour；Rainy day at noon, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：20:00～
22:00, oxygenation once, oxygenation two hours；, start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times on rainy day the dusk：2:00～4:00, oxygenation
Once, oxygenation two hours；It is unbroken overcast and rainy：Start oxygenation time and oxygenation number of times：2:00～3:00,11:00～12:00,
18:00～19:00 oxygenation three times, each oxygenation one hour；
5) disease control：Before entering the bottom under fingerling, with 0.1～0.2kg/m2Quick lime the bottom is sprinkled comprehensively
Spill, during whole cultivation hairtail, using the monitoring system of the cultivation water environment to the cultivation water source of the bottom
Water quality carries out detecting infection of the pre- disease prevention to hairtail.
2. the method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality as claimed in claim 1 artificially, also including step：In culture bait worm
Before class, Forage fishes or bait shrimps, splash daily 30kg/hm in the top layer2Bait insects, Forage fishes or bait
The bait of material shrimps, to breed the top layer in bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps, by the bait bred
Material insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps are pumped into the bottom and feed after hairtail, and splash again daily 22.5kg/hm2Bait
The bait of insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps, makes water quality in light green or filbert, to ensure that the top layer has the bait of abundance
Material insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps bait keep bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimp required for the growth of hairtail
Class quantity is more than 500/L, and the dissolved oxygen amount of the top layer is 6～10mg/L.
3. the method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality as claimed in claim 1 artificially, the top layer includes the second cultivation layer side
Face and the second cultivation layer bottom surface, the second cultivation layer side constitutes second and cultivates layer border with the described second cultivation layer bottom surface,
The second cultivation layer side communicates with the effluent settling chamber, and the second cultivation layer bottom surface is provided with basic unit and natural fiber
Material layer, the natural fiber material layer is arranged on the top of the basic unit, and the basic unit can receive to three-dimensional plant both sides
Contracting, is provided with loose structure so that the bait insects, Forage fishes or bait shrimps pass through on the natural fiber material layer
Into the bottom, on the natural fiber material layer aerobic microorganism is adsorbed with.
4. the method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality as claimed in claim 1 artificially, the first cultivation layer border is provided with
Heat-insulation system, the heat-insulation system includes the multiple temperature sensors arranged along the length direction of the bottom, the insulation
System also includes：Multiple heating element heaters and multiple cooling elements, multiple heating element heaters and the cooling element and multiple institutes
State that temperature sensor is corresponding, when the cultivation water source temperature that temperature sensor detects the different parts of the bottom is less than 20
DEG C, the heating element heater for starting relevant position controls cultivation water source temperature for 20～28 DEG C, when the cultivation water source of the bottom
Temperature is higher than 28 DEG C, and the cooling element for starting relevant position controls cultivation water source temperature for 20～28 DEG C.
5. the method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality as claimed in claim 1 artificially, the bait insects, Forage fishes or bait
The bait insects of material shrimp culture layer cultivation, Forage fishes or bait shrimps be Brachionus calyciflorus, fairy shrimp, fresh water red worm,
Little dace or millet shrimp.
6. the method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality as claimed in claim 3 artificially, the aerobic microorganism includes：Bite fibre
Dimension Pseudomonas, pseudomonas, Cellulomonas, streptomycete, green wood enzyme, Aspergillus terreus or Basidiomycetes mould, acidophilus breast bar
Three kinds in bacterium, lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus saki or multiple combination.
7. the method that the Changjiang river hairtail is propagated in intellectuality as claimed in claim 3 artificially, the natural fiber material layer is by wood
One kind in bits and raw bamboo fiber is made.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114698583A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-05 | 青岛国信蓝色硅谷发展有限责任公司 | Intelligent dissolved oxygen self-regulation and control method and system for industrial fish culture |
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